2020-2021学年高一下学期英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第一册Unit 2 The Universal Language Grammar and usage 课件-(21张ppt)

(共21张PPT)
Unit
2
The
universal
language
Grammar
and
usage
In
today’s
class,
we
shall:
explore
the
rules
of
verb-ing
forms
as
subjects
and
objects.
apply
the
rules
by
doing
some
exercises.
Learning
objectives
Lead-in
Find
verb-ing
forms
and
figure
out
their
functions.
1.
Sliding
into
the
habit
was
easy,
but
it
was
difficult
to
quit
the
habit.
2.
Going
to
Hangzhou
by
train
takes
about
16
hours.
3.
Asking
a
woman’s
age
is
impolite
in
his
country.
verb-ing
forms
as
subjects
Lead-in
Find
verb-ing
forms
and
figure
out
their
functions.
4.
We’ll
come
back
more
frequently
and
we’re
also
considering
taking
them
to
the
city
to
live
with
us.
5.
As
the
largest
rainforest
in
the
world,
the
Amazon
rainforest
plays
a
significant
role
in
maintaining
the
fine
balance
of
the
Earth’s
ecosystem.
6.
I
was
used
to
checking
the
news
and
my
friends’
social
media
updates
every
few
minutes.
verb-ing
forms
as
objects
Exploring
the
rules
1.
动词-ing形式在句中可以用作主语。如：
Talking
mends
no
holes.
Watching
them
was
a
thrilling
experience.
Walking
in
step
is
not
easy.
2.
有时可用it作形式主语，而将动词-ing形式这个真正的主语置于后面，基本句型是：it+be+形容词/名词+动词-ing形式。如：
It’s
difficult
finding
your
way
around
here.
It’s
no
good
complaining.
It
was
a
waste
of
time
reading
that
book.
动词-ing形式作主语
Exploring
the
rules
3.
动词-ing形式作主语时，有被动形式。如：
Being
taken
to
the
zoo
is
a
luxury
for
kids.
Being
lost
can
be
a
terrifying
experience.
4.
动词-ing形式有时前面还可加物主代词或名词所有格等表示逻辑上的主语，构成复合结构。如：
Your
denying
everything
will
get
you
nowhere.
John’s
going
off
in
such
a
hurry
is
very
risky.
His
making
trouble
in
class
annoyed
the
teacher.
动词-ing形式作主语
Exploring
the
rules
1.
动词-ing形式可以充当动词的宾语以及介词后的宾语。如：
We
are
considering
paying
a
visit
to
the
Science
Museum.
I’m
fond
of
collecting
stamps
and
coins.
2.
后接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词有：admit,
appreciate,
avoid,
consider,
delay,
deny,
dislike,
enjoy,
escape,
excuse,
fancy,
finish,
forgive,
imagine,
include,
involve,
keep
(on),
mention,
mind,
miss,
postpone,
practise,
prevent,
recall,
risk,
stand,
stop,
suggest,
understand等。如：
I
have
no
choice
but
to
delay
putting
on
the
show.
My
temporary
job
involves
travelling
around
the
world.
动词-ing形式作宾语
只接动词-ing
Exploring
the
rules
3.后接动词-ing形式作宾语的短语有：have
(no/much/some/...)
difficulty/trouble/a
hard
time
(in),
take
pleasure
in,
spend
time/money
(in),
waste
time
(in),
be
worth,
be
busy,
feel
like,
be
committed
to,
be
attached
to,
can’t
help等。如：
What
is
worth
mentioning
is
his
sincere
attitude.
It
feels
like
allocating
adequate
time
for
each
subject
is
impractical.
动词-ing形式作宾语
只接动词-ing
Exploring
the
rules
既可接动词-ing形式又可接不定式（短语）作宾语的动词：begin,
start,
continue,
like,
dislike,
love,
prefer,
mean,
forget,
remember,
hate,
regret
等。
(1)
在like,
love,
hate,
prefer等动词之后，用动词-ing形式或不定式意义上没有什么不同，只是侧重点有些不同：动词-ing形式表示泛指的动作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作。
(2)
在begin,
start,
continue之后，用动词-ing形式和不定式，意义无区别，尤其是当主语是人的时候。
(3)
在动词forget,
remember,
regret之后，用动词-ing形式与不定式意义不同：动词-ing形式表示动作已经发生，不定式表示动作还没发生。
Tips
Exploring
the
rules
4.
动词-ing形式作宾语，有被动形式（being
done）和完成形式（having
done）。如：
This
question
is
far
from
being
settled.
He
went
back
to
London
without
having
achieved
any
success.
5.
有时动词-ing形式前还可加物主代词或名词所有格等充当宾语，构成复合结构。如：
He
strongly
objected
to
your
saying
that.
I
never
dreamed
of
its
hurting
you.
You
can
be
sure
of
his
agreeing.
动词-ing形式作宾语
Exploring
the
rules
need,
demand,
want,
require,
在表示“需要”时，用动词-ing形式的主动形式表被动意义，或用不定式的被动形式。
need/demand/want/require
+
doing
=
need/demand/want/require
+
to
be
done
eg:
The
car
needs
repairing.
=
The
car
needs
to
be
repaired.
这辆车需要修理。
Tips
Exploring
the
rules
1.
Do
you
feel
like
______
(eat)
out
tonight?
2.
________
(read)
is
a
good
way
to
enlarge
your
vocabulary.
3.
She
didn’t
remember
__________
(meet)
him
before.
4.
He
gives
people
the
impression
of
_____________
(write)
many
poems.
5.
No
one
can
avoid
_________________
(influence)
by
advertisements.
6.
It
is
a
waste
of
time
______
(go)
to
the
doctor
with
most
mild
complaints.
7.
_______________
(equip)
with
global
vision
and
the
spirit
of
innovation
is
crucial
to
China’s
young
generation.
Practice
eating
Reading
meeting
having
written
being
influenced
going
Being
equipped
Exploring
the
rules
In
China’s
Spring
and
Autumn
and
Warring
States
periods,
there
lived
a
man
named
Boya,
who
was
a
master
of
the
qin.
Playing
the
qin
was
his
life.
He
played
so
well
that
everyone
enjoyed
listening
to
his
music
and
thought
highly
of
his
techniques.
However,
Boya
believed
no
one
could
understand
his
music
until
he
met
Zhong
Zigi.
Boya
did
not
say
anything
before
playing
the
qin,
yet
Zhong
Ziqi
was
able
to
paint
a
picture
of
great
mountain
ranges
in
his
mind.
When
Boya
continued
playing,
Zhong
Ziqi
said
he
had
heard
the
sound
of
a
river
flowing
quickly.
In
fact,
Boya
had
intended
to
call
the
piece
High
Mountains
and
Flowing
Water.
Having
someone
that
really
understood
his
music
pleased
Boya,
who
never
got
tired
of
sharing
his
music
with
Zhong
Ziqi.
The
two
soon
became
great
friends
and
before
going
their
separate
ways,
they
agreed
to
meet
at
the
Mid-Autumn
Festival
the
next
year.
However,
Zhong
Ziqi
failed
to
show
up
on
that
day.
When
Boya
learnt
about
Zhong
Ziqi’s
death,
he
was
overcome
with
sorrow.
He
played
High
Mountains
and
Flowing
Water
in
front
of
Zhong
Ziqi’s
grave.
After
he
finished
playing
the
piece,
he
destroyed
the
qin
and
said,
“Since
the
only
person
that
understands
my
music
is
gone,
it’s
no
use
keeping
the
qin.”
Exploring
the
rules
Verb-ing
forms
as
subjects
Verb-ing
forms
as
objects
Having
someone
that
really
understood
his
music
pleased
Boya,
...
...,
it’s
no
use
keeping
the
qin.
Playing
the
qin
was
his
life.
...
everyone
enjoyed
listening...
Boya
did
not
say
anything
before
playing
the
qin,
...
When
Boya
continued
playing,
...
...,
who
never
got
tired
of
sharing
his
music
with
Zhong
Ziqi.
...
before
going
their
separate
ways,
...
After
he
finished
playing
the
piece,
...
Working
out
the
rules
When
the
verb-ing
form
is
used
as
the
subject
of
a
sentence,
we
can
sometimes
use
the
preparatory
subject
it
at
the
beginning
of
the
sentence.
The
verb-ing
form
can
also
be
used
as
the
object
of
a
(1)_______________
or
a
(2)_______________.
verb/preposition
preposition/verb
Applying
the
rules
B1
Circle
the
mistakes
and
write
down
the
correct
forms
in
the
blanks.
1.
Listen
to
music
is
my
favourite
thing
to
do.
___________
2.
I
really
enjoy
to
read
biographies
of
musicians.
___________
3.
It’s
no
use
try
to
play
the
violin
if
you’re
not
going
to
give
it
your
best
shot.
___________
4.
Would
you
mind
to
teach
me
how
to
play
the
guitar?
___________
5.
These
instruments
were
meant
for
play
traditional
Chinese
music.
___________
Listening
reading
trying
teaching
playing
Applying
the
rules
B2
Below
is
an
article
about
the
music
sent
into
space.
Complete
the
article
with
the
correct
forms
of
the
verbs
in
the
brackets.
If
you
have
to
choose
music
from
the
Earth
to
send
into
space,
what
music
do
you
think
is
capable
of
(1)
___________
(represent)
mankind?
The
sound
of
the
Chinese
qin
is
one
answer
to
this
question.
In
1977,
two
spacecraft
called
Voyager
1
and
Voyager
2
were
sent
out
(2)
_____________
(explore)
the
solar
system.
On
both
spacecraft,
there
is
a
selection
of
music
from
our
planet.
(3)
_______
(send)
music
into
outer
space
was
the
idea
of
the
famous
scientist
Carl
Sagan,
who
believed
intelligent
life
existed
on
other
planets.
The
music
was
intended
as
a
universal
language
to
greet
intelligent
life
in
space
(if
there
is
any).
A
group
of
scientists
and
artists
got
down
to
(4)___________
(choose)
suitable
music.
Of
course,
they
had
representing
to
explore
Sending
choosing
Applying
the
rules
trouble
(5)__________
(select)
which
pieces
of
music
to
include.
In
the
end,
27
different
pieces
of
music
(6)________
(last)
90
minutes
were
put
on
the
spacecraft.
China
is
represented
by
a
recording
of
Guan
Pinghu
(7)_______
(play)
an
ancient
piece
called
Flowing
Water
on
the
Chinese
instrument
qin.
It
is
said
that
Boya
wrote
it.
It
took
about
40
years
for
the
Voyager
spacecraft
(8)_________
(enter)
the
space
between
the
stars.
We
do
not
know
what
will
happen
in
the
end,
but
maybe
the
sound
of
the
qin
will
one
day
be
heard
on
a
distant
planet.
B2
Below
is
an
article
about
the
music
sent
into
space.
Complete
the
article
with
the
correct
forms
of
the
verbs
in
the
brackets.
selecting
lasting
playing
to
enter
Applying
the
rules
B3
In
pairs,
discuss
how
traditional
Chinese
music
can
be
appreciated
by
a
larger
audience.
Make
a
list
of
measures,
using
verb-ing
forms
as
subjects
or
objects.
Use
the
example
below
to
help
you.
Example
Holding
music
festivals
will
give
the
public
more
chances
to
appreciate
Chinese.
Applying
the
rules
B3
In
pairs,
discuss
how
traditional
Chinese
music
can
be
appreciated
by
a
larger
audience.
Make
a
list
of
measures,
using
verb-ing
forms
as
subjects
or
objects.
Use
the
example
below
to
help
you.
Organizing
traditional
music
tours
around
the
country
might
give
people
more
access
to
traditional
Chinese
music.
Encouraging
students
to
learn
how
to
play
traditional
Chinese
musical
instruments
can
increase
appreciation
of
the
music.
The
media
companies
can
contribute
by
making
more
documentary
films
or
TV
programmes
to
promote
traditional
Chinese
music.
People
might
benefit
from
having
traditional
Chinese
music
competitions
locally
or
countrywide.
Chinese
music
communities
could
suggest
starting
more
websites
about
traditional
music.
Sample
answer
Homework
Write
several
sentences
about
what
kind
of
music
you
like
best
and
explain
the
reasons,
using
verb-ing
forms
correctly.