北师大版（2019）必修第二册Unit 5 Humans and nature Lesson 1 A Sea Story 同步训练-（含答案）

UNIT
5　HUMANS
AND
NATURE
Part
2　LESSON
1　A
SEA
STORY
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.She
was
　　　(害怕的)that
the
plane
would
crash.?
2.It's
a
complete
　　　(不可理解之事)
to
me
why
they
chose
him.?
3.We
can
always
find
new
beauty
in
Shakespeare's
　　　(诗歌).?
4.People
are
　　　(好奇的)
about
how
the
show
Dimension
Nova
(《跨次元新星》)
is
shot.?
5.Those
organisms
that
are
most
suited
to
the
environment
will
　　　(幸存).?
6.He
gave
us
a
w　　　
as
the
bus
drove
off.?
7.He
is
fed
by
a
　　　(管子)
that
enters
his
nose.?
8.You
can't
see
the
full
　　　(面积)of
the
beach
from
here.?
9.It
is
said
that
the
eyes
are
the
window
of
the
s　　　.
?
10.That's
why
I
told
him
something
h　　　
that
happened
to
me.?
Ⅱ.选词填空
on
the
edge
of;less
than;all
at
once;in
the
direction
of;go
round
and
round;pick
up
1.You
must
constantly
move
　　　　　　that
goal.?
2.At
this
stage,
you
begin
settling
for
　　　　　　what
you
deserve.?
3.
　　　　　　the
jacket,
there
is
a
piece
of
cloth
which
gives
off
light
in
the
dark.?
4.I
was
very
drunk
but
I
did
not
want
to
shut
my
eyes
because
the
room
would
　　　　　　.?
5.When
you
want
to
be
good
at
something,
you
should
try
to
do
it
until
you
eventually
figure
it
out,　　　yourself
　　　every
time
you
fall
down.?
6.One
hot
summer
afternoon,
he
was
taking
a
walk
when
a
thunderstorm
started
　　　　　　.?
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.In
2019,
China
　　　　(file)the
most
patent
(专利)
applications
globally,
driving
strong
global
innovation
growth.?
2.A
prisoner
has
escaped
　　　　a
jail
in
northern
Texas.?
3.China's
deep-sea
manned
submersible
Fendouzhe,
　　　　(shape)
like
a
fish,
set
a
new
record
of
10,909
meters
on
Nov.
10,
2020.?
4.The
reason
　　　　I
love
western
music
is
that
the
piece
of
music
has
inspired
me
a
lot
when
I
am
in
difficulty.?
5.For
sudden
heart
failure,
the
best
chance
of
　　　　(survive)
is
having
someone
nearby
step
in
and
perform
CPR
quickly.?
6.Her
language,
as
I
hear,
is
vivid,
direct
and
full
of
　　　　(observe)
and
wisdom.?
7.He
was
　　　　(curious)
silent
through
all
this.?
8.Anyone,
whether
he
is
an
official
or
a
bus
driver,
should
be
　　　　(equal)respected.?
9.The
headmaster
came
into
the
room,a
group
of
students
　　　　(follow)
him.?
10.I
was
about
to
give
up
　　　　my
father
came
and
encouraged
me
to
keep
going.?
11.Your
application
will
be
kept
　　　　file.?
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
About
three
years
ago,
something
terrible
happened
to
me.
Those
six
hours
of
　1　
(terrible)
broke
my
body
and
soul.
One
day,
my
two
brothers
and
I
were
coming
back
from
the
islands.
All
　2　
once,
the
sky
　3　(cover)
with
dark
clouds
and
in
less
than
a
minute
we
were
in
　4　
terrible
storm.?
It
may
seem
strange,
but
at
that
moment,
　5　
we
were
on
the
edge
of
the
whirlpool,
I
felt
　6　(calm)
than
when
we
were
moving
towards
it.
I
noticed
that
smaller
and
tubular
objects
went
down
more
slowly
　7　
other
objects.
So
I
tied
myself
to
a
barrel
to
help
me
float.
And
without
　8　(wait),
I
dived
into
the
sea
to
try
and
escape.?
As
you
can
see,
I
did
escape.
In
the
end
a
boat
picked
me
　9　.
I
was
very
tired.
The
fishermen
were
my
old
friends,
but
they
were
unable
　10　(recognise)
me.
When
I
told
them
the
story,
they
did
not
believe
it.?
1.　　　
2.　　　
3.　　　
4.　　　
5.　　　
?
6.　　　
7.　　　
8.　　　
9.　　　
10.　　　?
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021黑龙江大庆铁人中学高一上期中)
A
year
ago,
I
decided
to
create
a
more
environmentally
friendly
kitchen,
focusing
on
reducing
the
single-use
products
such
as
plastic
bags
and
paper
towels.
I'm
not
going
to
sugar-coat
my
experience.
It
takes
commitment
and
a
willingness
to
change
long-held
habits.
In
creating
my
kitchen,
I
tried
a
lot
of
different
alternative
products
and
some
plain
old
stuff;
the
result,
however,
has
been
worth
the
effort.
I'm
recycling
more
and
relying
less
on
single-use
products
and
I'm
saving
money
too.?
I'm
not
kidding
when
I
say
that
I
used
to
really
love
plastic
storage
bags,
so
this
was,
perhaps,
the
biggest
challenge
for
me.
Switching
to
reusable
storage
bags
is
a
financial
investment,
but
the
cost
is
reasonable
considering
that
I
previously
spent
at
least
$100
annually
on
single-use
plastic
bags
and
wrap.
I
will
check
online
periodically
for
recycling
updates,
where
a
zero-waste
box
for
kitchen
items
is
offered,
from
party
supplies
to
mixed-material
food
containers.
I'm
a
clean
freak(怪人)
and
used
to
go
through
an
amount
of
paper
towels
on
a
daily
basis,
but
it's
easy
enough
to
take
old
T-shirts
or
towels
and
cut
them
up
to
use
to
wipe
down
surfaces.
I'm
also
a
fan
of
bamboo
paper
towels,
which
have
the
look
and
feel
of
traditional
paper
towels,
yet
are
made
from
a
highly
renewable
source
and
also
break
down
in
just
45
days.
Better
yet,
they
can
be
reused
up
to
100
times.
As
for
kitchen
sponges
(海绵块),
I
keep
an
eye
out
for
those
made
with
natural
and
recyclable
materials.
When
purchasing
household
items
online
from
companies
like
Amazon
or
Jet,
I
will
ask
to
have
them
shipped
in
as
few
boxes
as
possible
or
as
small
a
box
as
possible
if
a
single
item
is
to
be
sent.
I'll
let
the
company
know
that
they
should
pay
more
attention
to
the
packaging
of
the
delivery.
1.What
is
the
author's
main
purpose
of
creating
her
kitchen?
A.To
save
money.
B.To
reduce
waste
and
recycle
more.
C.To
change
her
long-held
habits.
D.To
make
it
cleaner
and
more
practical.
2.What
does
the
underlined
word
“sugar-coat”
in
Paragraph
1
mean?　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.Make
attractive.
B.Get
interested.
C.Show
off.
D.Give
up.
3.In
creating
her
kitchen,
what
does
the
author
do?
A.Begins
to
recycle
more
single-use
plastic
bags.
B.Goes
through
an
amount
of
paper
towels
on
a
daily
basis.
C.Checks
online
periodically
to
buy
a
zero-waste
box.
D.Chooses
to
use
the
recyclable
or
reusable
kitchen
items.
4.What
can
we
learn
about
the
author
from
the
text?
A.She
has
strong
environmental
awareness.
B.She
is
now
used
to
traditional
paper
towels.
C.She
has
a
good
knowledge
of
financial
investment.
D.She
prefers
to
have
her
purchases
packed
in
small
boxes.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020北京高一期末)
The
Amazon
Rainforest:A
Natural
Treasure
Welcome
to
the
Amazon
rainforest.
As
the
largest
rainforest
in
the
world,
it
plays
a
significant
role
in
maintaining
the
fine
balance
of
the
Earth's
ecosystem.
The
Amazon
rainforest
crosses
into
eight
countries.
With
an
area
of
around
5.5
million
square
kilometres,
the
Amazon
rainforest
is
more
than
half
the
size
of
China.
The
Amazon
River,
from
which
the
rainforest
gets
its
name,
is
about
6,440
kilometres
in
length.
On
its
journey
from
the
mountains
to
the
ocean,
the
river
supports
many
different
ecosystems.
　1　.?
Of
the
390,000
plant
species
known
to
man,
more
than
40,000
can
be
found
in
the
Amazon
rainforest.
The
forest's
different
levels
support
an
unbelievable
variety
of
wildlife.
At
the
bottom,
there
is
a
system
of
roots
beneath
the
ground.
Above
that
is
the
mass
of
leaf
litter
on
the
dark
forest
floor.
　2　.
Then
there
are
the
towering
ancient
hardwoods,
and
finally
the
tops
of
the
tallest
trees
many
metres
above
the
ground.
Each
level
of
the
forest
forms
its
own
little
world,
home
to
different
kinds
of
living
things.?
More
than
1,300
species
of
birds
and
over
400
species
of
mammals
hide
among
the
jungle's
plant
life.
The
jaguar
is
one
example.
It
has
yellowish-brown
coat
with
black
spots.
While
a
significant
number
of
jaguars
survive
here,
they
are
only
one
element
of
this
forest's
food
chain.
　3　.
These
frogs,
in
turn,
feed
on
insects
which
eat
leaves
and
fruit.
When
a
jaguar
dies,
a
tiny
army
of
microorganisms
helps
break
down
its
body
and
return
the
nutrients
to
the
Earth.?
The
Amazon
rainforest
breathes
life
into
the
planet
by
fixing
carbon
and
producing
over
20
percent
of
all
the
Earth's
oxygen.
　4　.
Moreover,
the
Amazon
rainforest
is
a
treasure
house
of
species
that
can
be
used
for
food
or
medicine.
Yet
there
is
one
major
danger
to
these
irreplaceable
plants
and
animals:us.?
　5　.
As
the
impact
of
human
activities
such
as
agriculture
and
cattle
farming
continues
to
grow
and
the
list
of
species
in
danger
of
extinction
becomes
longer,
we
are
left
with
a
question:can
we
afford
to
damage
the
“lungs
of
the
planet”??
A.They
feed
on
at
least
87
species,
including
frogs
B.Thus,
it
is
often
known
as
the
“lungs
of
the
planet”
C.Rivers
tend
to
be
the
easiest
way
to
enter
the
forest
D.The
next
level
is
made
up
of
shorter
plants
with
large
leaves
E.They
give
this
area
the
richest
species
of
plants
and
animals
on
the
Earth
F.Currently
the
trees
in
the
Amazon
rainforest
take
in
around
500
million
tonnes
of
CO2
each
year
G.Over
the
past
50
years,
17
percent
of
the
rainforest
has
disappeared
due
to
human
activities
1.　　　
2.　　　
3.　　　
4.　　　
5.　　　
?
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020河北高一期末)
Starting
a
wildlife
conservation
center
is
a
necessary
　1　
important
job,
but
it
hardly
brings
money
to
its
founder
and
so
it
is
for
Jane
Thomas.
She
spent
several
years
　2　(build)
the
Motley
Zoo,
and
devoted
herself
to
wildlife
　3　(protect)
in
Redmond,
Washington,
but
all
money
she
made
was
spent
straight
back
on
the
zoo.
She
was
determined
　4　(continue)
to
do
her
work,
even
though
there
was
little
money
to
reward
her.?
But
things
changed
this
year.
“As
crazy
as
it
sounded,
because
of
my
efforts,
I
received
a
secret
donation:$9,000,”
said
Thomas.
She
decided
to
use
the
money
　5　
was
donated
by
a
stranger
this
year
to
rescue
more
animals.
She
advertised
the
animal
rescue
in
the
street
and
received
much
support
from
　6　
public.?
Thomas
said,
“Ever
since
I
advertised
the
animal
rescue
in
the
street,
I
　7　(attract)
many
people.
Now
when
I
walk
in
the
street,
many
　8　(passer-by)
wave
and
even
shout
to
me
‘I
adopted
(收养)my
dog
from
you!’
I
feel
　9　(shock)
that
people
treat
me
　10　(nicely)
than
ever.”?
1.　　　
2.　　　
3.　　　
4.　　　
5.　　　
?
6.　　　
7.　　　
8.　　　
9.　　　
10.　　　
?
参考答案
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.frightened　2.mystery　3.poetry　4.curious　5.survive
6.wave　7.tube　8.extent　9.soul　10.horrible
Ⅱ.1.in
the
direction
of　2.less
than　3.On
the
edge
of
4.go
round
and
round　5.picking;up　6.all
at
once
Ⅲ.1.filed　考查时态和语态。句意:2019年,中国是全球申请专利最多的国家,推动了全球创新的强劲增长。设空处为句子的谓语,根据时间状语In
2019可知应用一般过去时,故填filed。
2.from　考查介词。句意:一名囚犯已经从北得克萨斯州的一个监狱中逃走了。escape
from...从……中逃脱。
3.shaped　考查非谓语动词。句意:外形酷似鱼的中国深海载人潜水器“奋斗者”号于2020年11月10日创下了一个10,909米的新纪录。分析句子可知设空处作后置定语,shape与所修饰词Fendouzhe之间为被动关系,故填shaped。
4.why　考查定语从句。句意:我喜欢西方音乐的原因是,当我遇到困难的时候,这支乐曲给了我很多启发。分析句子可知此处为“The
reason
why...is
that...”结构,表示“……的原因是……”,其中why引导定语从句,修饰先行词reason。
5.survival　考查词性转换。句意:对于突发性心力衰竭来说,生存的最佳机会是让附近的人介入并快速进行心肺复苏。
根据句意及空前介词of的提示可知此处应用名词survival,表示“幸存,生存”。
6.observation　考查词性转换。句意:她的语言,正如我听到的,是生动的、直接的,并充满了观察力和智慧。根据后面的and
wisdom及空前介词of的提示可知此处用名词,observation观察力;监视。
7.curiously　考查副词。句意:他自始至终都令人不解地保持着沉默。分析可知此处用副词修饰形容词silent。
8.equally　考查副词。句意:任何人,无论他是官员还是公共汽车司机,都应该受到同等的尊重。此处修饰谓语,应用副词。
9.following　考查现在分词。句意:校长走进了房间,一群学生跟着他。分析句子成分可知,此处为独立主格结构作状语,名词
students与动词follow之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词following。
10.when　考查固定结构。句意:我正要放弃,这时我爸爸过来鼓励我继续下去。此处构成be
about
to
do...when...结构,意为“正要做……这时……”,所以用when。
11.on　考查介词。句意:你的申请书将被存档。此处on
file意为“存档”。
Ⅳ.1.terror　考查词性转换。句意:那六个小时的恐怖使我身心俱碎。此处介词后跟名词作宾语。
2.at　考查固定短语。句意:突然,天空布满了乌云,不到一分钟我们就陷入了可怕的暴风雨中。all
at
once意为“突然”,为固定短语。
3.was
covered　考查动词的时态和语态。句意见上一题。文章描述过去的事情,应用一般过去时。此处主语the
sky与动词之间为被动关系。be
covered
with...被……覆盖着。
4.a　考查冠词。此处指处于一场可怕的暴风雨中,所以用不定冠词a表示泛指。
5.when　考查定语从句。句意:这可能看起来很奇怪,但在那一刻,当我们处在漩涡边缘的时候,我感到比我们向它移动时更平静。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词moment为时间名词,所以此处用关系副词when。
6.calmer　考查形容词的比较级。句意见上一题。根据空后than的提示可知此处用形容词的比较级,故填calmer。
7.than　考查介词。句意:我注意到较小的和管状的物体下沉得比其他的物体慢。根据句意可知此处用than表示前后比较。
8.waiting　考查动名词。句意:我没有等,一头扎进海里,试图逃走。此处without为介词,后跟动名词作宾语。
9.up　考查固定搭配。句意:最后,一艘船把我救了起来。pick
sb.
up(从海里或危险处)营救某人,为固定搭配。
10.to
recognise　考查不定式。句意:……但他们认不出我来了。此处be
unable
to
do
sth.意为“不能做某事”,故填to
recognise。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.本文是一篇记叙文。为了减少一次性产品的使用,作者建了一个环保厨房,并且改变了自己的很多生活习惯,使用更环保的产品。
1.B　细节理解题。由第一段第一句“A
year
ago,
I
decided
to
create
a
more
environmentally
friendly
kitchen,
focusing
on
reducing
the
single-use
products
such
as
plastic
bags
and
paper
towels.”可知,一年前,作者想要建一个环保的厨房,这样就可减少使用像塑料袋和纸巾这样的一次性产品。由此可知,作者创建厨房的主要目的是减少浪费和循环利用更多物品。故选B项。
2.A　词义猜测题。由第一段第三句“It
takes
commitment
and
a
willingness
to
change
long-held
habits.”可知,作者建环保厨房,改变长期的生活习惯是她自己做出的承诺并且是心甘情愿的,而并不是美化自己的经历,使其变得有吸引力。所以sugar-coat表示“美化,使……有吸引力”。故选A项。
3.D　细节理解题。由第一段中的“I
tried
a
lot
of
different
alternative
products
and
some
plain
old
stuff;
the
result,
however,
has
been
worth
the
effort.
I'm
recycling
more
and
relying
less
on
single-use
products
and
I'm
saving
money
too.”可知,在这个厨房里,作者试着使用许多替代产品和一些普通又旧式的东西,最终她重复使用的次数变多了,而且对一次性产品的依赖越来越低,同时也节省了钱。由此可知,在创建她的厨房时,作者选择了可循环利用或可多次使用的厨房用品,故选D项。
4.A　推理判断题。由第三段第一句“I'm
a
clean
freak(怪人)and
used
to
go
through
an
amount
of
paper
towels
on
a
daily
basis,
but
it's
easy
enough
to
take
old
T-shirts
or
towels
and
cut
them
up
to
use
to
wipe
down
surfaces.”可知,作者曾经习惯每天使用一定数量的纸巾,但是现在作者用旧衣服或毛巾,而B项是说作者现在习惯使用传统的纸巾,与原文不符,故排除B项;C项“她精通金融投资”原文未提及;由最后一段第一句“When
purchasing
household
items
online
from
companies
like
Amazon
or
Jet,
I
will
ask
to
have
them
shipped
in
as
few
boxes
as
possible
or
as
small
a
box
as
possible
if
a
single
item
is
to
be
sent.”可知,作者在网上购物时,会让卖家尽可能用最少的盒子或最小的盒子来包装她买的东西,作者是根据自己所买东西来确定使用包装盒子的数量和大小,而并不是她偏爱用小盒子包装她的东西,显然D项与原文不符,故排除D项;由第一段第一句“A
year
ago,
I
decided
to
create
a
more
environmentally
friendly
kitchen,
focusing
on
reducing
the
single-use
products
such
as
plastic
bags
and
paper
towels.”可知,作者为了减少一次性产品的使用而建了一个环保的厨房,所以从文中我们可以知道作者是一个环保意识很强的人,故选A项。
Ⅱ.本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了亚马孙热带雨林,它是一个自然宝藏,但在过去的50年里,17%的雨林由于人类活动而消失。
1.E　根据上文提示“在从山脉到海洋的旅程中,这条河支持着许多不同的生态系统。”可知,E项They
give
this
area
the
richest
species
of
plants
and
animals
on
the
Earth(它们给这个地区带来了地球上最丰富的动植物物种)承接上文,They指代上文中的many
different
ecosystems,故选E。
2.D　根据上文提示“那上面是深色的森林地面上的大量落叶。”,再根据下文“然后是高耸的古老的阔叶树,最后是高出地面许多米的最高树木的顶部。”可知,D项The
next
level
is
made
up
of
shorter
plants
with
large
leaves(下一层是由长着大叶子的矮植物组成的)承上启下,符合语境。故选D。
3.A　根据上文提示“虽然大量的美洲虎在这里生存,但它们只是这片森林食物链的一个组成部分。”,再根据下文提示“反过来,这些青蛙以吃树叶和果实的昆虫为食。”可知,A项They
feed
on
at
least
87
species,
including
frogs(它们至少以87种物种为食,包括青蛙)承上启下,符合语境。故选A。
4.B　上文提示“亚马孙雨林通过固定碳和生产地球上20%以上的氧气给地球注入活力。”,再根据下文提示“此外,亚马孙雨林是物种的宝库,这些物种可以用于食物或药物。”可推断,B项Thus,
it
is
often
known
as
the
“lungs
of
the
planet”(因此,它经常被称为“地球的肺”)符合语境。故选B。
5.G　根据下文提示“随着农业和养牛等人类活动的影响持续增长,濒临灭绝的物种的名单越来越长,我们面临一个问题:我们能承担得起破坏‘地球的肺'的后果吗?”可知,G项Over
the
past
50
years,
17
percent
of
the
rainforest
has
disappeared
due
to
human
activities(在过去的50年里,17%的雨林由于人类活动而消失)衔接下文。故选G。
Ⅲ.本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了Jane
Thomas拯救小动物的故事。
1.and　考查连词。句中形容词necessary和
important是并列关系,所以用并列连词and,故填and。
2.building　考查非谓语动词。此处sb.
spend+时间+(in)doing
sth.
意为“某人花时间做某事”,所以要用动名词形式,故填building。
3.protection　考查词性转换。此处to为介词,后面跟名词,所以要填protect的名词形式,故填protection。
4.to
continue　考查不定式。句意:她决心继续做她的工作,即使没有什么钱来回报她。此处be
determined
to
do
sth.意为“决心做某事”,为固定用法,故填to
continue。
5.which/that　考查定语从句。句意:她决定用今年一个陌生人捐赠的那笔钱去拯救更多的动物。定语从句的先行词是the
money,指物,关系代词在定语从句中作主语,故填which或that。
6.the　考查冠词。句意:她在街上做了动物救助的广告,得到了公众的大力支持。public用作名词时表示“公众,民众”,是集合名词,常与定冠词the连用,故填the。
7.have
attracted　考查动词的时态。句意:……我已经吸引了很多人。根据Ever
since的提示可知主句要用现在完成时,且主语是I,故填have
attracted。
8.passers-by　考查名词复数。句意:现在,当我走在街上,许多路人向我挥手,甚至对我喊:“我从你那里收养了我的狗!”由many可知,应用复数形式,故填passers-by。
9.shocked　考查形容词。句意:人们对我比以往任何时候都好,我感到震惊。此处为主系表结构,应用形容词作表语,主语为I,指人,所以要用-ed结尾的形容词,故填shocked。
10.more
nicely　考查副词的比较级。句意同上。由空后的than
ever可知,此处是现在和以前两种情况的比较,所以要用副词的比较级,故填more
nicely。