2022届高三英语复习高考真题之名词考点分析及做题技巧（缺答案）

名词
什么是名词？
表示某些人，某类事物，某种物质或抽象概念的名称。
简单来说，分为两类：凡是眼睛能看得见的东西，叫物质名词；眼睛看不见，表示状态、品质、情感的没有实物的名词，叫抽象名词。
二．高考怎么考？
年份
试卷
所考题型
所占分值
所考知识点
2020
全国卷I
语法填空
1.5分
interesting-interest
改错
1分
chopstick-chopsticks
全国卷II
语法填空
1.5分
celebrate-celebration
改错
1分
vacations
-
vacation
全国卷III
语法填空
1.5分
curious-curiosity
改错
1分
families
-
family
2019
全国卷I
语法填空
1.5分
believe-belief
改错
1分
surprising-surprise
全国卷II
改错
1分
job-jobs
全国卷III
语法填空
1.5分
compete-competition
改错
1分
city-cities
2018
全国卷I
语法填空
1.5分
cause-causes
改错
1分
chicken-chickens
全国卷II
语法填空
1.5分
pollute-pollution
改错
2分
Friday’s-Friday
sort-sorts
全国卷III
语法填空
1.5分
science-scientist
改错
1分
mistake-mistakes
2017
全国卷I
语法填空
1.5分
effect-effects
改错
1分
word-words
全国卷II
语法填空
3分
crowd-crowds
introduce-introduction
改错
1分
informations-
information
全国卷III
语法填空
3分
educate-education
invitation-invitations
改错
0分
—
2016
全国卷I
语法填空
3分
attract-attraction
day-days
改错
1分
honest-honesty
全国卷II
语法填空
3分
achieve-achievement
study-studies
改错
1分
knowledges
-
knowledge
全国卷III
语法填空
1.5分
develop-development
改错
0分
—
2015
全国卷I
语法填空
1.5分
painting-paintings
改错
1分
airs-air
全国卷II
语法填空
1.5分
able-ability
改错
1分
parent-parents
2014
全国卷I
语法填空
1.5分
change-changes
改错
1分
year-years
全国卷II
语法填空
0分
—
改错
1分
hour-hours
三．解题技巧
在语法填空中
通常情况下，若提示词是名词，空格处填名词复数；若提示词是其他词性(如动词、形容词)，空格处填名词
观察修饰语。一、若空格前有冠词、形容词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、动词、介词等词时，要考虑空格处是否填名词；二、考虑固定短语或固定搭配。
注
不定冠词a，an后用名词单数形式。
有some，many，all，both，these，several等词修饰时名词用复数形式。
名词前有one
of时，名词用复数形式。
谓语动词是复数，名词作主语时确定名词为复数。
在短文改错中
遇到名词，首先想到是可数名词还是不可数名词
看到several，a
few，many，one
of，three，a
number
of等要想到名词应用复数形式
看到冠词等修饰词，要想到应用名词形式
看到information，advice，progress，knowledge等，要想到它们是不可数名词，没有复数形式
注：
常见不可数名词：fun,
advice,
weather,
progress,
information,
bread,
butter,
baggage,
clothing,
equipment,
furniture,
water,
time,
rubbish,
air,
energy,
news,
knowledge,
homework,
housework,
juice,
luggage,
luck,
music,
milk,
meat,
practice,
rubber,
soup,
wealth,
health,
wood,
oil,
machinery,
poetry,
scenery,
jewelry等
四．题库
单句语法填空(高考)
【考点一】adj.→n.
1.(2020全国卷Ⅰ)The
far
side
of
the
moon
is
of
particular
_____
(interesting)
to
scientists
because
it
has
a
lot
of
deep
craters(环形山).
2.(2020全国卷Ⅲ)Filled
with??_____??(curious),
the
artist
packed
his
bags
and
left.
3.(2015全国卷Ⅱ)In
addition
to
their
simple
beauty,
what
makes
the
adobe
dwellings
admirable
is
their
_____
(able)
to
“air
condition”a
house
without
using
electric
equipment.
【考点二】v.→n.
1.(2020全国卷Ⅱ)Chinese
New
Year
is
a??_____??(celebrate)marking
the
end
of
the
winter
season
and
the
beginning
of
spring.
2.(2019全国卷Ⅰ)...leading
to
a
_____
(believe)
that
populations
are
increasing.
3.(2019全国卷Ⅲ)...they
invited
us
to
local
events
and
let
us
know
of
an
interesting
_____
(compete)to
watch,
...
4.(2018全国卷Ⅱ)This
switch
has
decreased
_____
(pollute)
in
the
country’s
major
lakes
and
reservoirs
and
made
drinking
water
safer
for
people.
5.(2017全国卷III)But
Sarah,
who
has
taken
part
in
shows
along
with
top
models
wants
to
prove
that
she
has
brains
as
well
as
beauty
she
is
determined
to
carry
on
with
her
_______
(educate).
6.(2016全国卷Ⅰ)But
for
tourists
like
me,
pandas
are
its
top
_____
(attract).
7.(2016全国卷Ⅱ)Then,
handle
the
most
important
tasks
first
so
you'll
feel
a
real
sense
of
_____
(achieve).
8.(2016全国卷Ⅲ)Some
people
think
that
the
great
Chinese
scholar
Confucius,
who
lived
from
roughly
551
to
479
B.C.,
influenced
the
_____
(develop)
of
chopsticks.
?
【考点三】名词复数
1.(2020浙江)Later,
they
learned
to
work
with
the??_____??(season).
2.(2018全国卷Ⅰ)...a
mere
five
to
10
minutes
a
day
of
running
reduced
the
risk
of
heart
disease
and
early
deaths
from
all
_____
(cause).
3.(2017全国卷Ⅰ)...
has
had
some
unintended
side
_____
(effect)such
as
overweight
and
heart
disease.
4.(2017全国卷Ⅲ)She
has
turned
down
several
_____
(invitation)
to
star
at
shows
in
order
to
concentrate
on
her
studies.
5.(2016全国卷Ⅰ)The
nursery
team
switches
him
every
few
_____
(day)
with
his
sister.
6.(2016全国卷Ⅱ)
Recent
_____
(study)show
that
we
are
far
more
productive
at
work.
7.(2015全国卷Ⅰ)
I’d
skipped
nearby
Guilin,
a
dream
place
for
tourists
seeking
the
limestone
mountain
tops
and
dark
waters
of
the
Li
River
which
are
pictured
by
artists
in
so
many
Chinese
_____
(painting).
8.(2014全国卷Ⅰ)For
most
of
us,
the
_____
(change)
are
gradual.
单句短文改错(高考)
【考点一】可数名词单复数
1.(2020全国卷I)Next
I
broke
the
eggs
into
a
bowl
and
beat
them
quickly
with
chopstick.?
2.(2020全国卷II)Luckily,
I
will
go
home
in
two
weeks
for
summer
vacations.
3.(2020全国卷III)My
mom
is
really
concerning
with
the
health
of
everyone
in
our
families.
4.(2018全国卷I)Last
winter
when
I
went
here
again,
they
had
a
big
separate
house
to
raise
dozens
of
chicken.
5.(2018全国卷II)After
supper,
we
would
play
card
games
of
all
sort
in
the
sitting
room.
6.(2018全国卷III)The
classroom
is
a
place
for
learning
and
that
includes
learning
from
textbooks,
and
mistake
as
well.
7.(2017全国卷I)The
instructor
kept
repeating
the
word,
“Speed
up!”
“Slow
down!”
“Turn
left!”
8.(2016全国卷III)The
teenage
year
from
13
to
19
were
the
most
difficult
time
for
me.
9.(2015全国卷II)One
day,
little
Tony
went
to
a
shopping
center
with
his
parent.
【考点二】不可数名词
1.(2017全国卷II)Beside,
they
often
get
some
useful
informations
from
the
internet.
2.(2016全国卷II)If
we
go
on
a
trip
abroad,
we
can
broaden
our
view
and
gain
knowledges
we
cannot
get
from
books.
3.(2015全国卷I)The
airs
we
breathe
in
is
getting
dirtier
and
dirtier.
【考点三】adj.→n.
1.(2019全国卷I)To
everyone's
surprising,
the
ball
went
into
the
net.?
2.(2016全国卷I)My
uncle
tells
me
that
the
key
to
his
success
is
honest.
【考点四】名词所有格
1.(2018全国II)When
I
was
little,
Friday’s
night
was
our
family
game
night.