牛津译林版（2019）必修二 Unit4 Exploring literature Extended reading 知识点学案（有答案）

牛津译林版（2019）高中英语：
必修二
Unit4
Extended
reading
知识点学案
1.?stage
n.舞台，阶段，时期
Shakespeare?compared?the?world
to?a
stage.
莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。
At?this?age，?it's
impossible?to?know?whether
our?plan?will?succeed.
在现阶段还不可能知道我们的计划能否成功。
The?baby?has?reached?the?sage?where?he?can?stand
up.
婴儿到了能站立的阶段。
归纳拓展
地点抽象名词后定语从句引导词的用法
当先行词为stage，?situation，?case，?point等表示抽象地点的名词，?且定语从句中缺少地点状语时，?定语从句常用where或in?which引导。
1.单句语法填空
(1)?Their?relationship
has
reached?the
point_______which
they
have
to
divorce.
(2)?It's?helpful?to
put
children
in
a
situation
______they
can
see
themselves
differently.
答案：in；where
2.add
v.增加，添加；相加；继续说
Add?a?few?more?names?to?the?list.
再往名单上加几个名字吧。
He?added?that?they?were?very?pleased?with?the?result.
他加了一句说他们对这个成绩是很满意的。
归纳拓展
add?up
合计
add?up?to
加起来是……；?相当于….
add?to
增加，?促进(在原有基础上增加)
add...to...
把……加到……上
add?that...补充说
Remember：little?steps?add?up?to?big?dreams.
记住：小的积累成就大的梦想。
Every?failure?one?meets?with?adds?to?one's?experience.
(谚语)吃一堑，长一智。
Before?eating，?please?add?some?salt?to?the?dish.
吃之前请向菜里加盐。
1.单句语法填空
(1)?Rude
words，?name-calling，?and
accusation?only
only?add?fuel
______the
emotional?fire.
(2)?The?teacher?asked?me?if?I?was
ready,________(add)?that
everybody
was?waiting
for?meat?the?school
gate.
2.用add相关短语的正确形式填空
(1)?The
music_____
______
______our
enjoyment?in?the?party.
(2)?The?number?of?the
students
in?our
class
______
_____
_____54.
(3)Please______
some
sugar______the
soup.
(4)?Before?you?finish?the?the?total，?please
_____
____these?new?figures.
答:1.(1)to(2)?adding
2.(1)?added?to(2)?adds?up
to
(3)?add；?to(4)?add
up
3.destroy
vt.破坏，毁坏；摧残；消灭
The?fire?destroyed?most?of?the?building.
火把这座建筑物几乎烧毁了。
All?hopes?of?a?peaceful?settlement?were?destroyed?by?his?speech，
和平解决的一切希望都被他的讲话打破了。
归纳拓展
destroyer?
n.破坏者，?消灭者
destruction?
n.破坏，?消灭，?毁灭
destructive?
adj.破坏性的，?毁灭性的；?消极的
辨析比较damage，?destroy与ruin
易混词
区别
damage
表示“损害；损坏”，通常指部分性的损坏，往往生暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能等会降低，有时用于比喻用法中
destroy
表示“毁坏”，通常指彻底地毁掉或毁灭，往往暗示无法或很难修复，有时用于比喻用法中
ruin
表示“毁坏；毁灭”，指彻底地毁坏，破坏的原因通常是自然现象、年龄、疏忽等，现多用于比喻用法中
1.单句语法填空
(1)?There
is
worldwide
concern
about
the_______(destroy)?of?the?rain
forests.
(2)?Years
of?fighting?have?left?the?area
_______ruins.
(3)?He?was
unable?to?contain?his
own_______(destroy)feelings.
答案:
destruction;in;destructive
4.defeat
(1)vt.打败；战胜；使受挫
John?Snow?defeats“King?Cholera”.
约翰·斯诺战胜“霍乱王”。
(2)n.失败
Know?the?enemy?and?know?yourself?and?you?can?fight?a?hundred?battles?with?no?danger
of?defeat.知己知彼，?百战不殆。
辨析比较，?win，?beat与defeat
易混词
意义
所跟宾语
win
赢得；获胜
比赛、奖品、奖金、名誉、财产、战争等
beat
击败；战胜
竞争中的队伍或对手，或战争中的敌人等
defeat
击败；战胜
通常接表示“人”或“团体”的名词或代词做宾语；既可以指在比赛中，也可以指在战场上战胜对手
选词填空（defeat；beat；win）
We_______them
at
the?football
match?yesterday.
(2)?They
are?always
_______but?never
beaten.
(3)We
______the
football
game
yesterday.
答案：beat；defeating；won
9.attempt
(1)vt.尝试；企图
Every
time?I?attempted?to?persuade?her，?but?I?failed?completely.
每一次我都试图说服她，但全然不起作用。
(2)n.企图；尝试
I?passed?my?driving?test?at?my?first?attempt.
我考汽车驾驶执照时一次就通过了。
?
归纳拓展
(1)?attempt?to
do
sth.
企图做某事
(2)?make?an?attempt?at(doing)?sth.=make?an?attempt?to
do
sth.
企图/试图做某事
in?an?attempt?to
do
sth.
企图做某事；?试图做某事
at?the?first/second?attempt
第一/二次尝试
make?an?attempt?on?sb.'s?life
企图杀某人
(3)?attempted?
adj.(犯罪或非法行为)?未遂的
an?attempted?murder/escape谋杀/逃跑未遂
(4)?attempt?to
do
sth.
试图去做某事
manage?to
do
sth.
成功地做了某事
try?to
do
sth.
尽力去做某事
try?doing?sth.
试着做某事
语境串记
The?old
man?attempted?to?climb?up?to?the?top?of?the?mount?at
his
first
attempt.
这位老人在第一次尝试的时候就试图爬到山顶。
单句语法填空
(1)?I?passed
my
driving
test
______the?first?attempt.
(2)Someone
has
made
an
attempt______the?president's?life.
(3)?A?man?is?being?questioned
in
relation
to
the________(attempt)
murder
last
night.
Attempting
_______(open)very
old
books
and
records
without
damaging
them
can
be
difficult.
答案：at；on；attempted；to
open
6.confuse
vt.使糊涂，使迷惑；混淆，搞错；使混乱，搞乱
Waking?up?in?strange?surroundings?confused?her.
她醒来时看到陌生环境，这把她搞糊涂了。
I’m?always?confusing?John?and/with?Paul.
我总是分不清约翰和保罗。
归纳拓展
confuse...with/and...
混淆……和……
confused?
adj.迷惑的，?糊涂的；?混乱的，?分不清的
confusing?
adj令人迷惑的；?使人混乱的
confusion
?n.困惑，?分辨不清；?混淆；?混乱(状态)
单句语法填空
(1)I
can't
see
how
anyone
could
confuse?you
______another.
(2)?Things?were?happening?too?quickly
and?Tom
was
______(confuse).
答:(1)?with/and(2)?confused
7.clear?up
(头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理；好转，结束；解释，说明
They?tried?to?clear?up?the?mystery.
他们尽力去解开谜团。
Don’t?expect?me?to?clear?up?your?things?all?the?time!
不要老是指望我替你收拾东西。
I?hope?the?weather?clears?up?before?Sunday.
我希望星期日前天气会转晴。
归纳拓展
clean
up
彻底扫除；?清理
put?up
张贴，?举起
come?up
走近，?上来，?提出
pickup
捡起，?学会，?接受，?用车接
cut?up
切碎，?心碎，?使伤心
take?up
接受，?拿起，?开始，?占据
give?up
放弃，?让出
cheer?up感到高兴/振奋
breakup打碎，?分裂；?解体
turn?up开大(音量)?，?出现
1.单句语法填空
(1)?It?all
depends?on
the
weather_______(clear)
up.
(2)?I’ve?got?a
lot?of?work?to?clear_____by?the?weekend.
答:clearing;up
二.句式剖析
1.His?mouth?was?too?dry?to?speak?but?he?could?not
reach?for?the?water?now.
他的嘴巴已经干得说不出话了，?这会儿又不能伸手去拿水喝。
本句是but连接的并列句。
too...to...的用法
too
dry?to?speak意为“太干而说不出话”。其中的too...to.....结构，?表示“太..而不能……”。有时在“too...to...”结构中加上for?sb./sth.构成“too+adj./adv+for
sb./sth.to?do”结构。
?
The?girl?is?too?young?to?dress?herself.
这个小女孩太小，还不能自己穿衣服。
That
is?the?new?machine?whose?parts?are?too?small?to?be?seen.
那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。
归纳拓展
(1)?too...to...与not或never连用时，?意为“无论……也不过分，?越……越好”
can?not?be?too...再……也不过分
(2)?only/?just/but?too...to........非常...去做…(too前的only，?just，?but不仅没有否定意义，?反而加重了too的肯定语气)
(3)?too?ready/easy/eager/willing/anxious/happy/...to...表示肯定，?作“过于、太会……”讲。
(4)?too...not?to...表示肯定，?含义是“非常……必定能；?太……不会不·”
?
2.Never?have?l?seen?a?greater，?or?more?beautiful,or
a
calmer
or
more
noble
thing
than
you,brother.
本句是never提前于句首的部分倒装的简单句。
最高级意义的表达法
否定词(never)?和比较级(greater，?more
beautiful，?calmer,?more
noble)?连用表达最高级意义。
Nothing?could?be?better.再没有比这些更好的了。
归纳拓展
出最高级意义的其他表达法：
?
all?the?other+名词复数
the?other+名词复数
(1)?比较级+than+
any?other+名词单数
any?of?the?other+名词复数
anything/anyone?else
(2)否定词+so/as+形容词(副词)原级+as
(3)?否定词+形容词(副词)?比较级(+than)
(4)?the+形容词(副词)?最高级
3.He?had?been?on?the?point?of?feeling?himself?go?each
time.
每次他都觉得自己快要昏过去了。
本句是简单句，?each?time是名词短语在句中做状语，?go是动词原形做himself的宾语补足语，?feel是系动词。
be?on?the?point?of?doing?sth.句型
had?been?on?the?point?of?feeling?hi?self?go是此句式结构：be?on?the?point?of?doing
sth.意为“即将做某事之时，?正要做某事的时候”，?后面可以接when引导的分句，when是并列连词。
As?we?were?on?the?point?of?giving?up?hope，?he?turned?up.
就在我们快要放弃希望的时候，他出现了。
归纳拓展
be?on?the?point?of?doing...when...正要做……这时.
be?about?to?do...when...
正要做……这时……
I
was?about?to?inform?you?of?the?sudden?change?when?an?unexpected?visitor?came.
我正要通知你突然的变化，这时来了一位不速之客。
?
1.单句语法填空
(1)He
was
on
the?point
of_______(say)
something
when
the
phone
rang·
(2)?He?was?about?to?do?his?homework______the?doorbell?rang.
答:1.(1)?saying(2)?when
三
.课堂练习
单句语法填空
1.What
if
we
meet
with
a
situation
_______both
sides
are
unwilling?to
give?in?
2.This
latest
incident
will
add
____the
pressure
on
the
government.
3.My?mobile
phone?is_________(extreme)useful.
4.He
attempted_________(leave)?，?but?was?stopped.
5.Luckily，?I
passed?my?driving?test_______
the?first?attempt.
6.The?little
girl
was?very______(confuse)?by?all?the?noise
and?activity.
7.I?can't?think?of?a_____(good)idea?than?yours.
8.They
are?too
young______(understand)?what?is?going
on.
9.After?the
killing，?he?calmly?lit
a
fire_________(destroy)
evidence.
10.It
was?clear
that?he?was?on?the?point?of
________(burst).
?答案：1.where
2.to
3.extremely
4.to
leave
5.at
6.confused
7.better
8.to
understand
9.to
destroy
10.bursting
四.课后练习：语法填空
The?Hong
Kong-Zhuhai?Macao?Bridge，?as?the
1
______(long)
cross-sea?bridge?in
the?world，?is
expected
2______(have)
5G
service?in?the?future，?according?to?Fang?Zheng，?vice
general
manager?of?the?WLAN?office?of?ZTE?Crop.，?the?bridge's?network
3______(operate)?.
The?55-km?Hong
Kong-Zhuhai-Macao?Bridge,4_____opened
on?Oct.23，?2018，?connect?the?mainland?province?of?Guangdong
with?the?country's?two?special?administrative?regions，?Hong
Kong
and?Macao.
“The
Hong
Kong-Zhuhai-Macao
Bridge
now
has
good
coverage?of?4G?service，?”said?Fang.“Experts?and?workers?have
overcome?the?difficulties?of?a?complex?construction?environment
and?the?lack
5_____an?optical?fiber(光纤)?to?provide?tailored?4G
solutions?for?the?bridge?and?prepare?for?the?future?upgrading?of
5G?service.It
can
be
seen
as
6
______unique
application
of
wireless?technology，?highlighting?the?high-quality
products?and
7_____(advance)?technology?provided?by?China's?communication
section.”
8______(actual)?，?the?Hong
Kong-Zhuhai-Macao
Bridge?is
now?ready?for?the?access?of?Internet?of?Things，?a?major?business
to?be?achieved?by
5G?technology.Since?the?very?beginning，?the
technological?base?needed?for?5G
9_______(consider)in?terms?of
network?architecture，?room
for?5G?station
as
well
10______the
installment(安装)?of?fiber.
1._________2._______3.________4._________5._______
6.________7._________8.________9.________10.______
?答案：1.longest
2.to
have
3.operator
4.which
5.of
6.a
7.advanced
8.Actually
9.has
been
considered
10.as