牛津版（2019）必修二 Unit4 Exploring literature Welcome to the unit 知识点学案（有答案）

牛津版（2019）高中英语：必修二
Unit4
Exploring
literature
Welcome
to
the
unit
知识点学案
知识点梳理
1
.devote
vt.(与to连用)献身于；致力于；专心致志于；把……用于
After
he
graduated
he
continued
to
devote
himself
to
research.
毕业后他继续致力于研究工作。
归纳拓展
(1)
devote...to...
把……奉献给……；把......专注于......
devote
oneself
to
致力于；
献身于
(2)
devoted
adj忠实的
be
devoted
to
专心于；
致力于
(3)
devotion
n.关爱，关照；奉献，忠诚
devotion
to...
对……忠诚/奉献/热爱
语境串记
Mrs.White，
a
devoted
friend
of
mine，
devoted
herself
to
teaching
and
her
devotion
to
children
made
us
vote
for
her.
怀特夫人，我的一位忠实朋友，献身于教学，她对孩子们的关爱使我们为她投票。
单句语法填空：
He
is
a
_________(devote)
father
because
he
was
strict
with
his
daughter
and
encouraged
her
when
she
was
in
trouble.
Only
when
we
realize
the
importance
of
helping
each
other
can
we
be
devoted
to___________(build)
a
harmonious
society.
His
life
is
one_________(devote)
to
the
people.
答案：devoted;building;devoted
2.range
(1)n.种类；范围；山脉；射程；排
This
supermarket
keeps
a
wide
range
of
goods.
这家超市有种类繁多的商品。
They
are
looking
for
the
house
available
in
the
price
range.
他们正在寻找他们能够买得起价格范围内的房子。
(2)vi.(在一定范围内)变化；变动；排列
Its
prices
range
between
twenty
and
thirty
yuan.
它的价格在20元到30元的范围内变化。
归纳拓展
(1)
a
range
of...一系列...
out
of/beyond
one's
range=out
of/beyond
the
range
of
sb.
超出某人承受的范围；
某人能力达不到的
within
the
range
of...
在……的范围之内
range
from...to...=range
between...and...
处于某范围内；
在……到……的范围内变化
语境串记
The
supermarket
keeps
a
wide
range
of
goods.Their
prices
range
from
just
only
a
few
yuan
to
several
hundred
yuan.According
to
their
varieties，
the
shop
assistants
range
them
neatly
on
the
shelves.
这家超市有种类繁多的商品。它们的价格从几元到几百元不等。根据它们的种类，售货员们把它们整齐地排列在货架上。
单句语法填空：
The
price
was
_______our
range,so
we
declined.
That
bird
at
the
top
of
the
tree
is
out
______range.
The
national
park
has
a
large
collection
of
wildlife,________(range)from
butterflies
to
elephants.
答案：beyond；of；ranging
3.
in
store
(1)将要发生；就要出现。in
store
for
sb.意为“即将发生在某人身上，
等待着某人”。
We
never
know
what
life
holds
in
store
for
us.
我们永远不知道等待我们的将来是怎样的生活。
(2)准备着，贮藏着
My
furniture
is
in
store
while
I'm
abroad.
我在国外期间，我的家具存放起来。
单句语法填空：
There
is
a
shock
______store
for
him.
Sometimes
she
wondered
what
fate
had
in
store
_____her
next.
答案：in；for
4.
appeal
(1)vi.&vt.有感染力；呼吁；求助；将……上诉
appeal
to
sb.
吸引某人
appeal
to
sb.to
do
sth.
呼吁某人做某事
appeal
to
sb.for...
为……向某人呼吁；
请求
appeal
against...
对……上诉
The
film
The
Monkey
King
appeals
to
young
people.
电影《大闹天宫》对年轻人很有吸引力。
We
appeal
to
everyone
to
live
a
low-carbon
lifestyle.=We
make
an
appeal
to
everyone
to
live
a
low-carbon
lifestyle.
我们呼吁大家过低碳的生活方式。
(2)n.呼吁；恳求；吸引力
make
an
appeal
to
sb.for
sth.
向某人呼吁/请求某事
make
an
appeal
to
sb.to
do
sth.
呼吁某人做某事
have
no
appeal
for
sb.
引不起某人的兴趣
Music
has
little
appeal
for
me.
音乐几乎引不起我的兴趣。
His
appeal
for
forgiveness
went
unanswered.
他恳请原谅，但没有得到答复。
(3)
appealing
adj有吸引力的
(4)表示“吸引”的词汇或短语有：appeal
to；
attract；
absorb；
draw；
catch；
fascinate等。
单句语法填空：
In
winter,Beijing
offers
the
city’s
fun-seekers
many________(appeal)options,
from
royal
gardens
to
winter
resorts.
He
_______(appeal)
to
other
leaders
to
donate
to
the
cause
at
the
meeting
yesterday.
To
be
honest,
this
play
doesn’t
appeal
______me
too
much.
Realizing
his
mistakes,the
thief
appealed
_____mercy.
答案：appealing；appealed；to；for
5.
in
a
word总之，
简言之(a可以用one替换)
In
a
word，
this
government
isn’t
fit
to
rule.
简言之，这届政府无法胜任治国之责。
In
a
word，
to
change
or
not
to
change
is
not
a
question、
总之，变与不变并不是个问题。
归纳拓展
in
other
words
换句话说，
也就是说
in
words
用语言(来表达)
beyond
words
无法用语言表达
words
fail
(因惊讶、感动、悲伤等)
说不出话来，
一时语塞
keep
one's
word
守信用；
履行诺言
break
one's
word
食言，
失信
have
a
word
with
sb.
和某人交谈
have
words
with
和……争论/争吵
eat
one's
words
收回所说的话；
承认说错了话
word
came/comes
that...有消息说……
特别提醒
word作“诺言”讲，
常用单数形式；
作“消息”讲，
是不可数名词，
且通常不连用冠词。不要将习语eat
one's
words直译为“食言”，
它的实际含义是“收回所说的话”汉语中的“食言”其英语表达是break
one's
word。
6.
determine
vi.&vt.决定；确定；(使)下定决心
He
determined
to
goat
once.
他决定立刻就走。
There
were
numerous
diving
spots
in
the
area
and
Larry
was
determined
to
visit
all
of
them.
这个地方有许多潜水点，
拉里决定到各个潜水点去看看。
归纳拓展
(1)
determine
to
do...
决定做……(表示动作)
determine
on/upon
决定
determine
sb.to
do...
使某人决定做…
(2)
be
determined
to
do...
决心做……(表示状态)
(3)
determination
n.决心
with
determination
坚决地；
果断地
单句语法填空：
This
work
needs
long
patience
and____________(determine).
Therefore,the
Monkey
King
as
a
symbol
of
being
brave
and
________
(determine)is
deeply
loved
by
our
Chinese.
_______________(determine)where
we
are
in
relation
to
our
surroundings
remains
an
essential
skill
for
our
survival.
答案：determination；determined；Determining
7.
description
n.描写；描述
Have
you
read
the
description
carefully?
你仔细读过描述了吗?
归纳拓展
(1)
give
a
description
of
形容；
描述
beyond
description
无法形容；
难以描述
(2)
describe
v.描写；
描述
describe...as...
把……说成是……；
把……称作……
I
found
the
book
boring
beyond
description.
我觉得这本书乏味得无法形容。
单句语法填空：
He
gave
a
full
_______________(describe)
of
the
accident.
He
described
her_______tall
and
dark,with
glasses.
I
was
pleased
______description
that
I
got
this
job.
答案：description；as；beyond
8.sensitive
adj敏感的；
易受伤害的；
灵魂的
There
is
no
doubt
that
the
consumers
are
still
very
sensitive
to
the
price.
毫无疑问，消费者仍对价格十分敏感。
She
is
very
sensitive
about
her
overweight.
她很忌讳别人说她胖。
归纳拓展
(1)
be
sensitive
to
对……敏感
be
sensitive
about
神经过敏的；
易生气的
(2)
sense
n.常识，
见识；
感觉官能；
判断力；
意义
There
is
no
sense
in
doing...
做……没有意义
in
a
sense
在一定程度上
make
sense
有意义，
有道理
make
sense
of
理解，
懂得
sense
vt.感觉到，
意识到
(3)
sensible
adj明智的；
意识到的
be
sensible
of
意识到…；
认识到……
单句语法填空：
People
who
was
multitasking
are
generally
less
sensitive
______risky
situations.
He
was
sensible________the
trouble
he
had
caused.
Don’t
mention
that
she’s
put
on
weight.She’s
very
sensitive
_____it.
There
is
no
sense
in
________(get)angry
about
it.
答案：to；of；about；getting
9.reflect
vi.思考
vt.映射；反射；思考
A
mirror
reflects
a
picture
of
you
when
you
looking
it.
当你往镜子里看时，镜子会反射出你的影像。
I
have
reflected
upon/on
his
suggestion.
我已经考虑了他的建议。
归纳拓展
(1)
reflect
sb./sth.in
sth.
(指镜子等)
映出某人/某物的影像
reflect
sth.from
sth.
从某物(表面)
反射(光、热、声等)
reflect
on/upon
sth.
思考某事
(2)
reflection
n.反射；
反照；
反映；
映像
a
reflection
on...
是……的反映
be
lost
in
reflection
陷人深思中
on
reflection
再三考虑
(3)
reflective
adj.沉思的；
深思的
语境串记
The
boy
reflected
on
why
the
ground
could
reflect
sunlight
and
water
could
reflect
the
mountains.
小男孩思考：为什么地面能反射阳光，
水能映射出山脉。
单句语法填空：
She
could
see
her
face____________(reflect)in
the
water.
Your
performance
as
a
student
will
be
excellent
if
you
develop
a
habit
of
reflecting
_______how
you
learn.
After
long__________(reflect)we
decided
to
buy
that
house.
答案：reflected；on/upon；reflection
10.capable
adj.有能力的；
熟练的；
有可能……的，
容许……的
The
company
was
not
capable
of
handing
such
a
large
order.
公司没有能力应付这样大批的订货。
He
is
a
very
capable
doctor.
他是一个非常能干的医生。
归纳拓展
be
capable
of(doing)
sth.
有能力/可能(做)
某事
incapable
adj.无能力的，
不能的，
不会的，
不能胜任的；
失态的
capability
n.能力，
才能，
性能
He
seems
to
be
incapable
of
understanding
simple
instructions，
他似乎对简单的指示也无法理解。
单句语法填空：
That
remark
is
capable______being
misunderstood.
No
one
doubts
her________(capable)for
the
job.
答案：of；capability
11
.launch
(1)vt.发射；开始从事，发起，发动；(首次)上市，发行；使(船，尤指新船)下水
NASA
plans
to
launch
a
satellite
to
study
cosmic
rays.
美国国家航空航天局计划发射一颗卫星来对宇宙射线进行研究。
The
army
is
about
to
launch
a
major
offensive.
部队即将发动一次大规模进攻。
(2)n.发射；下水；上市；发起；大型汽艇
Were
you
at
the
launch
of
the
new
ship/book?
新船下水/新书发行你在场吗?
We'll
make
a
trip
by
launch
to
White
Island，
我们将乘汽艇到怀特岛。
单句语法填空：
The
company
recently
hired
model
Linda
_________(launch)
is
new
range.
They
had
planned
to
go
there________launch.
答案：to
launch;by
12.
contain
v.包含；容内；容忍；克制(感情等)；抑制
The
cats
were
fed
a
normal
diet，
containing
20%
protein.
这些猫的饮食正常，含有20%的蛋白质。
The
stadium
is
large
enough
to
contain
100
thousand
audience.
这个体育场足够容纳10万观众。
归纳拓展
contain
sth.包含某物
contain
oneself克制自己
container
n.容器
辨析比较contain与include
易混词
区别
contain
包括，侧重"整体内有”，指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物，不用于进行时
include
包括，侧重被包含者只是整体中的一部分
单句语法填空：
He
was
so
excited
that
he
could
hardly
contain__________(he).
The
“Wen
Ding”,an
ancient
cooking________(contain),served
the
same
purpose.
After
the
meal,she
placed
a
little
box_________(contain)
an
old
pen
in
my
hand.
The
food
was
analyzed
and
found
_______(contain)
small
amounts
of
poison.
答案：himself;container;containing;to
contain
13.
take
on
意为“开始具有/呈现，
露出；
开始雇用；
开始和……争吵/作对/较量等；接受(工作)，承担(责任)”，是及物动词短语。
These
insects
can
take
on
the
colour
of
their
surroundings.
这些昆虫能够呈现与其周围环境相应的颜色。
We
have
decided
to
take
on
a
new
clerk
in
the
accounts
department.
我们已决定在会计部雇用一名新职员。
归纳拓展
take
away
拿走；剥夺
take
along...
带…起
take
back
收回
take
care
当心,注意
take
charge
of
负责，管理
take
down
取下，记下
take
in
欺骗；吸收；弄明白
take
up
从事，继续，占据
take
off
脱下；起飞
take
over
接管
take
place
发生
take
apart
拆开
14.
summary
(1)n.总结，概要，摘要
Write
me
a
one-page
summary
of
this
report.
替我把这份报告写出一页纸的摘要。
What
follows
is
a
brief
summary
of
the
process.
接下来是对此流程的一个简短概括。
(2)adj.速决的，当场的，简便的
This
matter
can
not
be
settled
in
a
summary
way.
不能用简单的方法去解决这个问题。
归纳拓展
in
summary
总的来说，
总之
summarily
adv.草率地；
简单地；
仓促地，
概括地
summarize
v.总结，概括，概述
单句语法填空：
She
________(summary)the
aims
of
the
new
party
in
a
couple
of
sentences.
答案：summarized
15.issue
(1)n.问题；发行物；发出，发行；期号，(报刊)一期；重要议题
I
was
earning
a
lot
of
money，
but
that
was
not
the
issue.
我赚很多钱，但那不重要。
She
bought
the
new
stamp
the
day
of
its
issue.
她是在发行当天买到的这种新邮票。
He
read
my
article
in
the
March
issue
with
particular
interest...
他饶有兴致地阅读了我在三月那期发表的文章。
(2)vt.发行，发布；分配，发给
issue
sth.(to
sb.)
(给某人)
发某物
issue
from
由……产生
The
government
is
expected
to
issue
a
statement
about
the
crisis.
预料政府会对这场危机发表一个声明。
They
issued
the
firemen
with
breathing
equipment.
他们发给消防队员氧气设备。
辨析比较issue，
problem与question
易混词
区别
issue
一般指社会、政治、经济等方面的大问题，通常比较正式，很官方
problem
泛指(数学、物理等)
难题或待解决的问题，
常与动词solve搭配
question
是有疑问，有质疑，需要弄清楚真相的问题，常与动词answer搭配
单句语法填空：
They
have
issued
many
books
_______the
children
in
the
countryside.
He
was
cooked
by
the
smoke
______(issue)
from
the
chimney.
答案：to；issuing
16
.novel
(1)n.(长篇)小说
This
novel
has
been
made
into
a
film.
这部小说已拍成电影了。
(2)
adj.新的，
新奇的，
新颖的
A
novel
idea
is
one
that
no
one
has
thought
of
before.
一个新奇的想法是到目前为止没有人想到过的。
辨析比较novel，
fiction，
story，
fable与tale
易混词
区别
novel
指长篇小说
fiction
指人物与情节均为虚构的文学作品
story
指意在娱乐大众的叙事性文学作品，其内容可能是真实的，也可能是虚构的
fable
指篇幅短小，旨在道德教化的传统故事，尤指寓言故事
tale
指虚构的惊险刺激的故事，也指古代流传下来的传说故事或神话故事
draw
on
(1)临近，接近
Winter
is
drawing
on.
冬天快到了。
(2)凭借，利用，动用；依赖，吸收；从……吸烟
A
writer
has
to
draw
on
his
imagination
and
experience.
作家必须依赖自己的想象力和生活经历。
He
drew
on
his
cigarette.
他抽着香烟。
Ill
have
to
draw
on
my
savings
to
pay
for
the
repairs.
我将不得不动用我的存款去支付修理费。
单句语法填空：
With
the
afternoon_________(draw)on,we
were
joined
by
more
of
the
regulars.
We
need
to
draw
_______expert
advice
in
dealing
with
this
problem.\
答案：drawing；on
二．句式剖析
1
.What
qualities
do
you
think
a
great
work
of
literature
should
have?
你认为一部伟大的文学作品应该具备哪些品质?
本句是特殊双重疑问句，
句中do
you
think为插入语，
其后a
great
work
of
literature
should
have用的是陈述句语序。
双重疑问句
双重疑问句的结构为“疑问词+do
you
think/expect/suppose/believe/say/...+其他?”，
其中do
you
think/expect/up
pose/b
live/say...为插人语。
归纳拓展
(1)
do
you
think/expect/suppose/be
i
eve/say/...是句中的插入语，
前后也可以加逗号与主句隔开，同时插人语也可移至句尾，用逗号与前面的主句隔开。
(2)
特殊双重疑问句不能用yes或no来回答，
应用完整的句子来回答。
Who
do
you
suppose
let
out
the
secret?
你认为是谁泄漏了秘密?
What
is
likely
to
happen，
do
you
think?
你认为极有可能发生什么?
单项填空
—She
is
supposed
to
come
at
night.Why
hasn't
she
turned
up
yet?
—______?
A.What
do
you
think
may
have
happened
to
her
B.What
do
you
think
is
to
happen
to
her
C.Do
you
think
what
have
happened
to
her
D.Do
you
think
what
may
happen
to
her
答:对过去的推测用may
have
done,选A。
A
child
and
a
man
were
walking
on
the
beach
when
the
child
found
a
shell
and
held
it
to
his
ear.
一个小孩和一个男人在海滩上散步，
这时小孩发现了一个贝壳并把它放在耳边。
本句为并列句，
when是并列连词，
引导两个并列句。
be
doing...when...句型
句中使用了“be
doing...when...”句型，
意为“正在做某事，
这/那时(突然)
…”，
其中when做并列连词相当于and
the，
and
at
that
tie，
连接两个并列分句，其前面分句的谓语动词常用过去进行时，而后面分句的谓语动词多用一般过去时。
when做并列连词时常用于下列句型中：
had(just)
done...when...
刚刚做完……这/那时(突然)
……
I
was
reading
newspaper
when
the
man
came
i.
我正在看报纸时，
这个人进来了。
I
was
about
to
cross
the
street
when
I
saw
a
car
coming
quickly.
我正要过马路，这时我看到一辆小汽车快速地开了过来。
He
had
just
gone
to
bed
when
the
telephone
rang.
他刚上床睡觉，
这时电话铃响了。
单句语法填空：
I
was
on
the
point
of
________(go)
out
when
the
telephone
rang.
He
had
just
finished
his
homework_________his
mother
asked
him
to
practise
the
piano.
Jack
______(work)
in
the
lab
when
the
power
cut
occurred.
答案：going；when；was
cooking
Let
a
little
song
appeal
to
the
ear，
or
a
great
book
to
the
heart，
and
we
discover
a
new
word，
a
world
of
drams
and
magic.
让一首小曲儿愉悦(我们的)耳朵，让一部巨著触动(我们的)心灵，这样我们便会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。
本句是and连接的并列句，let
a
little
song
appeal
to
the
ear，
or
a
great
book
to
the
heart是祈使句，
祈使句中的or
a
great
book
to
the
heart是省略句，
完整的表述为or
let
a
great
book
appeal
to
the
heart。后一分句中a
word
of
dreams
and
magic是a
new
world的同位语。
祈使句+and+陈述句
“祈使句+and+陈述句”表示祈使句和后面的句子是顺承关系。
归纳拓展
“祈使句+and/or/otherwise+陈述句”为常见句型。该结构中的祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，
and之后的句子相当于主句，
所以用一般将来时。在该句型中，
祈使句有时也可用名词短语表示，
即“名词词组+and+陈述句”，
也有上述句式功能，
名词词组中常含有more，
another等词。
Find
ways
to
praise
your
children
often，
and
you’ll
find
they
will
open
their
hears
to
you.
想办法经常表扬你的孩子，
你就会发现他们会对你敞开心扉。
One
more
effort，
and
you’ll
succeed.
再努力一下，
你就会成功。
单句语法填空：
Learn
to
understand
,________you
will
keep
away
from
a
world
full
of
sadness
and
disappointment.
Eat
more
healthy
food,_______you’ll
break
down.
答案：and；or
4
.Behind
every
book
is
a
man，
behind
the
man
is
the
race，
and
behind
the
race
are
the
natural
and
social
environments.
每本书的背后是一个人，一个人的背后是民族，民族的背后是自然和社会环境。
本句是and连接的并列句。三个分句都是全部倒装句式。
全部倒装
介词短语置于句首，且句子主语是名词(短语)时，句子用全部倒装。本句behind
every
book，
behind
the
man和behind
the
race都是介词短语，
且主语分别为名词(短语)
a
man，
the
race和the
natural
and
social
environments。
归纳拓展
here，
there，
now，
then，
out
i，
up，
down，
away，
on
the
wall，
in
the
room等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且句子主语是名词(短语)时，句子用全部倒装。
By
the
widows
at
a
young
man
with
a
magazine
in
his
hand.
一位年轻人坐在窗户旁边，手里拿着一本杂志。
全部倒装
副介开头全倒装，遇到代词则照常。
方位方式别遗忘，上下进出往前放。
there，
here用得上，
时间顺序句首放。
表语句首主语长，句子平衡需倒装。
特别提醒
(1)在全部倒装句中，谓语动词的数要与后面的主语一致。
(2)全部倒装的主语必须是名词(短语)，如果主语是人称代词则不能倒装。
1.单句写作
(1)
John
opened
the
door.There______
______
______(站着一个小女孩)
he
had
never
seen
before.
(2)
There_____
_______(她去了)
yesterday.
2.同义句转换
(1)
The
speakers
at
in
the
front
of
the
lecture
hall.
In
the
front
of
the
lecture
hall______
______
______.
(2)
Some
picture
books
are
here.
Here_____
_____
_____
______.
(3)
A
beautiful
girl
sits
under
that
tree.
Under
that
tree______
_____
______
_______.
答1.(1)
stood
a
girl
(2)
she
went
(1)
sat
the
speaker
(2)are
some
picture
books
(3)sits
a
beautiful
girl
5.We
must
know
all
these，
if
the
book
is
to
speak
whole
message.
如果一本书要传递完整的信息，
我们就必须理解所有内容。
本句是个复合句，
主句是We
must
know
all
these，
if引导的是条件状语从句。
be
to
do...的用法
句中is
to
speak是be
to
do的用法，
表示按计划将要发生某事。
We
are
to
meet
at
the
school
gate.
我们约在学校门口见。
归纳拓展
“be+to
do”的常见用法：
(1)表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或者打算做某事"。
(2)
语气上接近于should，
must，
ought
to，
have
to，
表示命令、吩咐或者禁止的语气。但be
to
blame，
be
to
rent常用主动表被动。
(3)表示不可避免将要发生或以后注定要发生的事情。
(4)用于条件状语从句，意为“如果想……，设想……”。
(5)用于虚拟条件句。
You
are
not
to
smoke
in
this
room.
你不可以在这个房间里抽烟。
If
it
were
to
rain
tomorrow，
the
sports
meeting
would
be
put
off.
如果明天下雨，运动会就会延期。
If
we
are
to
be
there
on
time，
we'd
better
go
now.
如果我们想要按时到那儿，我们最好现在就走。..
辨析比较:be
to
do
sth.，
be
about
to
do
sth.与be
going
to
do
sth.
易混结构
区别
be
to
do
sth.
表示“注定或计划安排将要发生某事”，常用于正式文体中
be
about
to
do
sth.
表示“马上要做某事，某事即将发生”，通常不与表示明确将来的时间状语连用，
但可以和并列连词when连接的句子并列使用
be
going
to
do
sth.
表示某种打算、想法或倾向，用于非正式文体；也表示某种事实、迹象表明很可能发生某事
He
is
_______(return)
from
Germany
tomorrow.
(2)
It
is
his
father
not
his
sons
who
is
_______(blame)for
the
accident.
(3)
They
were
about
to
leave
_________the
telephone
rang.
答案：to
return；to
blame；when
6
.This
is
one
reason
why
the
best
works
of
literature
still
appeal
to
readers
long
after
they
were
written.
这就是为什么最好的文学作品在很久之后仍然吸引着读者的原因之一。
本句是一个复合句，
why引导的是一个限制性定语从句，
修饰先行词one
reason；定语从句含有after引导的时间状语从句，
the
best
works
of
literature
still
appeal
to
readers是定语从句中的主句。
考点提炼
one/the
reason+why引导的定语从句先行词one/the
reason+why+主语+谓语+其他，
why表原因，
在定语从句中做原因状语，
相当于for
which。
This
is
the
reason
why/for
which
I
have
changed
so
much.
这就是我变化如此大的原因。
reason的常见句式：
for
sth./doing
sth.is/was
that...
the
reason
why/for
which...is/was
that...
that/which+定语从句+is/was
that...
the
reason后是用why或for
which还是用that或which，
取决于其在从句中所担任的句子成分。定语从句缺少主语、宾语、表语用that或which；
定语从句缺少状语用why或for
which。
1.单句语法填空
(1)
The
only
reason______I
came
was
______I
wanted
to
meet
your
friends.
(2)
Peter
explained
the
reason
______his
sudden
return
to
London.
(3)
The
reason
_______he
gave
for
being
late
was
that
he
forgot
to
set
the
alarm
clock.
答：(1)
why；
that
(2)
for
(3)
that/which
三．课堂练习
单句语法填空
1.Hurry
up，_______you'll
be
late
for
call.
2.Some
students
are
especially
sensitive
_____making
mistakes.
3.He
decided
to
devote
the
rest
of
his
life
_______scientific
research.
4.The
start
of
a
new
year
is
good
tie
to
reflect
______the
many
achievements
of
the
past.
5.The
larger
firm
was
capable
_____providing
a
better
range
of
services.
6.If
anything，swimming
will
appeal______
her
most
strongly.
7.He
pocketed
a
wallet________
(contain)$100cash
from
the
bedside
of
a
dead
man.
8.Now
that
you
have
expressed
your________(determine)，
you
should
act.
9.The
exchange
program
between
the
UK
and
China
may
affect
various
schools_______(range)from
kindergarten
to
high
school.
10.I
wonder
if
I
can
draw
_______my
account
in
order
to
pay
for
things
I
buy
in
Beijing.
答案：1.
or
2.about
3.to
4.on/upon
5.of
6.to
7.containing
8.determination
9.ranging
10.on
课后练习
阅读理解
(2020·石家庄一中高一检测)
Poetry
is
one
of
the
important
art
forms
of
literature，
and
is
an
easy
way
to
express
your
feelings.Moreover，everyone
understands
it
in
their
own
way.Some
find
relief
in
poems；
some
read
them
simply
for
peace；
some
read
poems
for
simple
artistic
pleasure.
There
are
some
special
features
of
poetry，
which
make
it
quite
different
from
other
forms
of
literature.First
of
all，
poems
have
rhythmic
patterns.Generally，
most
parts
of
a
poem
follow
the
same
form
of
rhythm.Poems
may
have
rhyme，
but
they
don’t
have
to.The
lines
are
neatly
arranged
together
so
that
they
express
a
particular
feeling
or
emotion.
There
can
be
various
types
of
poems
but
according
to
the
pattern
or
the
form，
there
are
mainly
three
types：
Lyrics：The
lyric
mainly
concentrates
on
human
thoughts
and
emotions
rather
than
a
story.Lyrics
always
bear
song-like
appeal.These
are
mainly
short
poems.Popular
lyric
poem
forms
are
the
elegy,
the
ode
and
the
sonnet.William
Shakespeare，
Edmund
Waller
and
John
Keats
are
some
of
the
greatest
lyric
writers
of
all
times.
Narrative
poems：This
type
of
poetry
tells
a
story.Narrative
poems
are
usually
long
poems.Epics
and
ballads
fall
under
this
type.Some
of
the
greatest
epic
poets
are
John
Milton，
Dante，Edgar
Allan
Poe，
Alexander
Pope，
William
Shakespeare，
etc.
Dramatic
poems：Any
drama
that
is
written
in
verse
is
a
dramatic
poem.These
poems
generally
tell
a
story.Black
verse，dramatic
monologues
and
closet
drama
belong
to
this
type.
William
Shakespeare，
Christopher
Marlowe
and
Ben
Jonson
are
some
of
the
great
dramatic
poets.
Whatever
the
form
is，
one
thing，
which，
can
not
be
denied，
is
that
poetry
is
one
of
the
most
powerful
tools
to
express
our
feelings.
1.What
do
we
know
about
lyrics?
①They
are
similar
to
songs.
②They
usually
tell
stories.
③They
are
not
very
long.
④The
sonnet
is
a
type
of
lyric.
A.①②③
B.②③④
C.①②④
D.①③④
2.Which
of
the
following
belongs
to
narrative
poetry?
A.The
elegy.
B.The
dramatic
monologue.
C.The
epic.
D.The
ode.
3.We
can
know
from
the
text
that_______.
A.poems
are
weak
in
showing
feelings
B.narrative
poems
are
shorter
than
lyric
poems.
C.some
poets
write
more
than
one
type
of
poem
D.the
sonnet
and
the
ballad
belong
to
the
same
type
4.This
passage
is
written
mainly
to______.
A.tell
us
some
simple
facts
about
poetry
B.teach
us
how
to
write
poems
C.give
some
advice
on
reading
poems
D.make
us
interested
in
poems
答案：
1D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段我们可以知道，抒情诗主要表达人的思想和情感而不是写故事，具有歌曲的特点，通常比较短，挽歌、颂歌、十四行诗都属于抒情诗，故选D。
2C【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Epics
and
ballads?fall?under?this?type.”可知答案。
3C【解析】推理判断题。从每种类别后举的例子可看出有的诗人不只写一种类型的诗，如莎士比亚。
4A【解析】主旨大意题。这篇文章向我们介绍了诗的特点、分类等一些基本知识。
?