UNIT
5
HUMANS
AND
NATURE
All
nature
is
but
art，unknown
to
thee.
—Pope
所有的自然都是艺术，这是你所不知道的。
——波普
Nature
is
not
governed
except
by
obeying
her.
—Bacon
自然不可驾驭，除非顺从她。
——培根
Deviation
from
nature
is
deviation
from
happiness.
—Samuel
Johnson
对自然的背离就是对欢乐的背离。
——塞缪尔·约翰逊
Our
motto，as
you
know，is
“Live
according
to
Nature”．
—Seneca
如你所知，我们的格言是“遵照自然去生活”。
——塞涅卡
The
intimacy
between
man
and
Nature
began
with
the
birth
of
man
on
the
earth，and
becomes
each
century
more
intelligent
and
far?reaching.To
Nature，therefore，we
turn
as
to
the
oldest
aim
and
most
influential
teacher
of
our
race；from
one
point
of
view，once
our
task?master，now
our
servant；from
another
point
of
view，our
constant
friend，instructor
and
inspirer.
Have
you
ever
noticed
that，in
the
summer，when
your
sweat
dries
it
will
leave
marks
on
your
T?shirt?
The
marks
are
tiny
bits
of
salt.
If
you
go
to
the
seaside，you
will
know
that
seawater
does
the
same
to
your
clothes，because
it
also
has
a
lot
of
salt
in
it.
Water
evaporates
(蒸发)
from
the
surface
of
the
sea
but
the
salt
remains.Have
you
ever
thought
about
whether
the
seas
will
keep
getting
saltier?
The
answer
is
no.The
oceans
have
stayed
at
about
3.5
percent
salt
content
for
hundreds
of
millions
of
years.It
maintains
a
constant
level
of
salt
in
different
ways.
The
outer
hard
crust
of
Earth
is
made
up
of
a
dozen
or
so
hard
plates
that
drift
(漂流)
on
extremely
hot，soft
rock
like
floating
islands
on
a
seA．The
heat
within
Earth
is
not
the
same
everywhere
and
the
plates
move
due
to
the
heat.
When
an
ocean
plate
bumps
into
a
land
plate，the
less
dense
land
plate
floats
over
the
ocean
one.The
ocean
floor
gets
pushed
under，and
its
salty
rocks，along
with
shells
and
bones，are
lost
deep
within
Earth.
So，that's
why
the
seas
are
salty
but
don't
get
any
saltier.
[探究发现]
1．Find
out
what
are
the
marks
on
your
T?shirt?
Tiny
bits
of
salt.
2．Find
out
if
the
salt
in
the
seas
can
evaporate?
No.
3．Find
out
if
the
heat
within
Earth
is
the
same?
No.
SectionⅠ Topic
Talk
&
Lesson
1
Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
( )1.drought
A．n.评论；意见
( )2.comment
B．n.边缘
( )3.landscape
C．n.面积；长度；范围；程度
( )4.climate
D．n.讲座，讲课；演讲
( )5.lecture
E．vi.&
vt.逃离；逃避
( )6.escape
F．n.风景，景色
( )7.edge
G．n.气候
( )8.extent
H．n.干旱，旱灾
[答案] 1—5 HAFGD 6—8 EBC
B．短语匹配
( )1.turn
one's
back
on
A．在……边缘；某事快要
发生(尤指不好的事)
( )2.all
at
once
B．对……置之不理，
对……撒手不管
( )3.on
the
edge
of
C．突然
( )4.come
to
one's
mind
D．朝着……方向
( )5.in
the
direction
of
E．某人想起……
[答案] 1—5 BCAED
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．volcanic
adj.
火山的；由火山作用引起的
2．wildlife
n.
野生动植物，野生生物
3．living
adj.
活的，活着的
4．insect
n.
昆虫
5．million
n.
百万
6．title
n.
题目，标题
7．file
n.
档案，卷宗
8．soul
n.
灵魂
9．poetry
n.
诗歌；作诗的艺术
10．equal
adj.
相等的；相同的
Ⅰ.语境填词
survive；climate；disaster；escape；comment；drought；equal；wildlife；million；landscape
1．The
pilots
had
to
take
emergency
action
to
avoid
a
disaster．
2．The
crops
died
during
the
drought．
3．She
made
helpful
comments
on
my
work.
4．Our
unique
natural
landscape
is
so
worthwhile
to
visit.
5．There
is
no
solution
to
the
question
of
climate
change
without
forestry.
6．What
would
you
do
if
you
won
a
million
dollars?
7．In
the
eyes
of
the
scientists，all
things
are
equal．
8．Of
the
six
people
injured
in
the
crash，only
two
survived．
9．He
escaped
from
prison
this
morning.
10．The
island
offers
such
a
wide
variety
of
scenery
and
wildlife．
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．The
eruption(erupt)
of
the
volcano
makes
many
people
lose
their
lives.
2．In
the
spring
the
place
is
crowded(crowd)
with
skiers.
3．It
is
shocking(shock)
that
they
involved
children
in
the
crime.
4．If
cancers
are
spotted
early，there's
a
high
chance
of
survival(survive)．
5．I'm
frightened(frighten)
of
walking
home
alone
in
the
dark.
6．I
hate
travelling
by
air
because
I
get
horribly(horrible)
airsick.
7．The
letter
wasn't
addressed
to
me
but
I
opened
it
out
of
curiosity(curious)．
8．In
hospital
she'll
be
under
observation(observe)
all
the
time.
1．One
day，my
two
brothers
and
I
were
coming
back
from
the
islands
where
we
often
risked
going
and
got
more
fish
than
others.
有一天，我和我的两个兄弟从岛上回来，我们经常冒险去那里捕比别人更多的鱼。
2．The
moment
I
heard
the
word
I
became
very
frightened.
我一听到那个词，我就非常害怕。
3．It
may
appear
strange，but
at
that
moment，when
we
were
on
the
edge
of
the
whirlpool，I
felt
calmer
than
when
we
were
moving
towards
it.
这可能看起来很奇怪，但在那一刻，当我们位于漩涡的边缘时，我感到比我们朝它移动时更镇静。
4．Without
waiting，I
jumped
into
the
sea
to
try
and
escape.
没有再等，我跳进海里尽力逃跑。
5．As
you
can
see，the
reason
why
I'm
here
to
tell
the
story
is
that
I
made
the
right
decision.
如你所见，我之所以能够在这里讲这个故事，是因为我做了正确的决定。
词语助读
①terrible
adj.可怕的
②soul
n．灵魂
③single
adj.简单的；单一的
④risk
v．冒险
n．冒险
risk
doing冒险做某事
at
risk处在风险中
at
the
risk
of冒……风险
⑤all
at
once突然
⑥be
covered
with
被……覆盖
⑦cry
out大声喊出
⑧frightened
adj.受惊的，害怕的
⑨in
the
direction
of朝着……的方向
⑩hopeless
adj.绝望的
?as
if似乎；好像
?on
the
edge
of...
在……边缘
?calm
adj.镇静的；沉着的
?amazing
adj.令人吃惊的；令人惊讶的
?over
adv.结束(的)
?at
great
speed以极快的速度
?barrel
n．桶
?after
a
while过了一会
?curious
adj.好奇的
be
curious
about对……好奇
curiosity
n．好奇；好奇心
out
of
curiosity出于好奇
?observation
n．观察；观察结果
observe
v．观察；庆祝；遵守
rapidly
adv.快速地
equal
adj.相等的；相同的
extent
n．面积；长度
tube
n．圆管，管子
tie
vt.系；拴；绑
escape
v．逃跑；逃避
decision
n．决定
pull
v．拉；拖；拽
in
the
end最后；终于
pick
sb.up接某人
recognise
vt.认出；辨出
原文呈现
A
SEA
STORY
About
three
years
ago，something
terrible①
happened
to
me.That
was
the
day
when
it
took
only
six
hours
to
break
my
body
and
soul②.You
think
I
am
a
very
old
man—but
I
am
not.It
took
less
than
a
single③
day
to
change
my
hair
from
black
to
white.
One
day，my
two
brothers
and
I
were
coming
back
from
the
islands
where
we
often
risked④
going
and
got
more
fish
than
others.All
at
once⑤，the
sky
was
covered
with⑥
dark
clouds
and
in
less
than
a
minute
we
were
in
a
terrible
storm.A
huge
wave
covered
our
boat
and
my
younger
brother
fell
into
the
seA．My
elder
brother
put
his
mouth
close
to
my
ear
and
cried
out⑦
“Moskoe?strom！”
The
moment
I
heard
the
word
I
became
very
frightened⑧.[1]
I
knew
what
he
meant
by
that
one
word
well
enough.
[1]the
moment引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。
With
the
wind
and
waves，we
were
going
in
the
direction
of⑨
the
whirlpool.We
were
hopeless⑩.Nothing
could
save
us.I
felt
sick，as
if?
I
was
falling
from
a
mountain
top
in
a
dream.We
went
round
and
round，nearer
and
nearer
to
the
horrible
edge
of
the
whirlpool.It
may
appear
strange，but
at
that
moment，when
we
were
on
the
edge
of?
the
whirlpool，I
felt
calmer?
than
when
we
were
moving
towards
it.I
began
to
think
how
amazing?
a
thing
it
was
to
die
in
such
a
way，and
how
wonderful
it
was
to
see
the
power
of
nature.Suddenly，we
went
over
the
edge.I
thought
my
life
was
over?.But
moment
after
moment
passed，and
I
was
still
safe.
The
boat
was
on
the
inside
of
the
huge
whirlpool
and
we
were
going
round
in
circles
at
great
speed?.I
saw
clearly
that
there
were
other
objects
in
the
whirlpool—trees
and
barrels?.After
a
while?，I
became
curious?
about
the
whirlpool
itself.I
then
made
three
important
observations?.The
first，the
larger
the
bodies
were，the
more
rapidlyeq
\s\up6()
they
fell；the
second，between
two
objects
of
equaleq
\s\up6()
extenteq
\s\up6()，round
objects
fell
down
less
rapidly；and
the
third，between
two
objects
of
the
same
size，objects
shaped
like
a
tubeeq
\s\up6()
fell
down
more
slowly.So
I
tiedeq
\s\up6()
myself
to
a
barrel
to
help
me
float.I
tried
to
make
my
brother
understand，but
he
was
too
frightened
and
stayed
in
the
heavy
boat.Without
waiting，I
jumped
into
the
sea
to
try
and
escapeeq
\s\up6().
As
you
can
see，the
reason
why
I'm
here
to
tell
the
story
is
that
I
made
the
right
decisioneq
\s\up6()．[2]
Some
time
after
I
left
the
boat，with
my
brother
in
it，it
was
pulledeq
\s\up6()
into
the
bottom
of
the
whirlpool.Soon
after
that，the
whirlpool
became
less
wild.Then
the
sky
was
clear，the
wind
calmer，and
the
moon
was
shining.I
was
still
tied
to
the
barrel
and
the
waves
soon
carried
me
to
an
area
where
the
other
fishermen
were.In
the
endeq
\s\up6()，a
boat
picked
me
upeq
\s\up6().I
was
very
tired.The
fishermen
were
my
old
friends，but
they
were
unable
to
recogniseeq
\s\up6()
me.When
I
told
them
my
story，they
did
not
believe
it.Now
I
have
told
you，and
I
cannot
expect
you
to
believe
me
any
more
than
the
fishermen
did.
[2]why引导定语从句修饰先行词reason；that引导表语从句。
译文参考
海上故事
大约三年前，我遭遇了一件可怕的事情。就在那一天，在短短六个小时里，我的身心受到重创，你认为我是一个很老的人——但我不是。那件事让我在不到一天的时间里，头发从黑变白了。
有一天，我和我的两个兄弟从岛上回来，我们经常冒险去那里捕比别人更多的鱼。突然，天空乌云密布，刹那间，我们就被卷入了可怕的风暴中。一个巨浪覆盖了我们的船，我弟弟掉进了海里。我哥哥把嘴贴近我的耳朵，喊出“莫斯肯漩涡！”我一听到那个词，我就非常害怕。我很清楚他说的那个词是什么意思。
伴随着风浪，我们朝着漩涡的方向前进。我们感到绝望。什么也救不了我们。我觉得恶心，像是在梦中从山顶上掉下来一样。我们转啊转，离漩涡可怕的边缘越来越近。这可能看起来很奇怪，但在那一刻，当我们位于漩涡的边缘时，我感到比我们朝它移动时更镇静。我开始想，以这样的方式死去是一件多么神奇的事啊，能够看到大自然的力量是多么美妙啊。突然，我们越过了边缘。我以为我的生命结束了。但时间一刻又一刻过去了，我仍然安然无恙。
船在巨大的漩涡里，我们以极快的速度兜圈子。我清楚地看到漩涡里还有别的东西——树和桶。过了一会儿，我开始对漩涡本身感到好奇。然后我做了三个重要的观察。第一，物体越大，下降速度越快；第二，在两个同等面积的物体之间，圆形物体下降得更慢；第三，在两个同样大小的物体之间，像管子一样的物体下降得更慢。所以我把自己绑在一个木桶上帮助我漂浮。我努力使我哥哥明白这一点，但他太害怕了，留在了沉重的木船里。没有再等，我跳进海里尽力逃跑。
如你所见，我之所以能够在这里讲这个故事，是因为我做了正确的决定。在我离开船一段时间之后，我的哥哥还在船上，和小船一起被拉进了漩涡的底部。不久之后，漩涡变得不那么狂野了。这时天空晴朗，风平静下来，月亮也闪耀着。我仍然被拴在木桶上，海浪很快把我带到其他渔民所在的地方。最后，一条船上的人把我救了起来。我很疲惫。渔民们是我的老朋友，但他们没能认出我来。当我告诉他们我的故事时，他们根本不相信。现在我已经把故事告诉你了，我不指望你能相信我，像那些渔民一样。
速读P30－P31教材课文，完成下列任务。
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断下列句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及。
1．The
author
of
the
text
was
very
old
when
the
storm
happened.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
2．When
the
storm
happened，there
were
three
persons
in
the
boat.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
3．The
author's
elder
brother
first
realised
what
happened
to
them.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
4．The
author
was
calm
first
when
the
storm
happened.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
5．The
author
realised
that
round
objects
fell
down
rapidly.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
[答案] 1—5 BAABB
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息。
A．how
wonderful
it
was
to
see
the
power
of
nature
B．where
the
other
fishermen
were
C．where
we
often
risked
going
and
got
more
fish
than
others
D．When
I
told
them
my
story
E．when
we
were
on
the
edge
of
the
whirlpool
1．One
day，my
two
brothers
and
I
were
coming
back
from
the
islands
________．
2．It
may
appear
strange，but
at
that
moment，________，I
felt
calmer.
3．I
began
to
think
how
amazing
a
thing
it
was
to
die
in
such
a
way，and
________．
4．I
was
still
tied
to
the
barrel
and
the
waves
soon
carried
me
to
an
area
________．
5．________，they
did
not
believe
it.
[答案] 1—5 CEABD
Ⅲ.表格填空
Feelings
What
happened
Frightened
When
we
came
back
from
the
islands
1.where
we
often
risked
going，the
sky
was
covered
with
2.dark
clouds．A
huge
wave
covered
our
boat
and
3.my
younger
brother
fell
into
the
seA．
4.Hopeless
The
wind
and
5.waves
made
us
go
in
the
direction
of
the
whirlpool.We
were
hopeless
and
I
felt
sick.
Calm
I
felt
6.calmer
when
the
boat
was
on
the
edge
of
the
whirlpool.When
the
boat
was
on
the
inside
of
the
whirlpool，I
made
three
7.observations．I
tied
myself
to
8.a
barrel
and
tried
to
make
my
brother
understand
it，but
he
was
too
9.frightened.
Tired
The
waves
carried
me
away
and
10.a
boat
picked
me
up.
细读P30－P31教材课文，完成下列任务
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
( )1.ParA．1
A．The
process
of
the
storyteller
fighting
against
the
“Moskoe?strom”．
( )2.Paras.2～4
B．The
storyteller
survived
the
“Moskoe?strom”．
( )3.ParA．5
C．Something
terrible
happened
to
the
storyteller
three
years
ago.
[答案] 1—3 CAB
Ⅱ.单项选择
1．What
made
the
storyteller's
hair
change
from
black
to
white?
A．Medicine.
B．Sorrow.
C．Something
terrible.
D．The
old
age.
2．Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
according
to
the
passage?
A．The
moment
the
storyteller
heard
the
word
“Moskoe?strom”，he
took
it
for
granted.
B．When
they
were
on
the
edge
of
the
whirlpool，the
storyteller
felt
calmer
than
when
they
were
moving
towards
it.
C．The
storyteller
didn't
see
any
other
object
in
the
whirlpool
clearly.
D．The
storyteller
made
four
important
observations.
3．Why
didn't
the
storyteller's
elder
brother
do
the
same?
A．He
was
too
frightened.
B．He
thought
it
was
dangerous
to
do
so.
C．He
had
no
time
to
do
so.
D．He
wouldn't
leave
the
boat.
4．What
can
we
learn
from
the
last
paragraph?
A．The
storyteller
made
the
right
decision
and
he
survived.
B．Soon
after
the
storyteller's
brother
was
pulled
into
the
bottom
of
the
whirlpool，the
whirlpool
became
more
wild.
C．When
the
storyteller
was
saved，the
fishermen
recognised
him.
D．The
fishermen
believed
the
storyteller's
story.
5．Who
didn't
save
the
storyteller?
A．The
barrel.
B．The
storyteller
himself.
C．Some
fishermen.
D．The
storyteller's
brother.
[答案] 1—5 CBAAD
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能
A．阅读教材课文中含有描述个人心情的语句
1．The
moment
I
heard
the
word
I
became
very
frightened.
2．We
were
hopeless.
3．I
felt
calmer
than
when
we
were
moving
towards
it.
B．判断下列句子是否为描述个人心情的语句
1．...but
he
was
too
frightened
and
stayed
in
the
heavy
boat.(是)
2．Without
waiting，I
jumped
into
the
sea
to
try
and
escape.(不是)
3．The
fishermen
were
my
old
friends，but
they
were
unable
to
recognise
me.(不是)
1．erupt
vi.爆发，喷发→eruption
n．爆发
2．crowd
n．人群；一伙人；群众
v．挤满；使……拥挤；涌上(心头)
→crowded
adj.拥挤的；挤满人的
3．shock
v．使震惊；使惊愕
n．震惊；惊愕；令人震惊的事；休克→shocked
adj.感到震惊的→shocking
adj.令人震惊的，令人惊愕的
4．survive
vi.&
vt.活下来；幸存→survivor
n．幸存者；幸免者→survival
n．幸存，幸免
5．frighten
v．使害怕，使受惊→frightened
adj.受惊的，害怕的→frightening
adj.令人害怕的
6．horror
n．震惊；恐惧；厌恶→horrible
adj.可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的→horribly
adv.可怕地；吓人地；令人恐惧地
7．curious
adj.好奇的→curiosity
n．好奇，好奇心
8．observe
vt.观察；庆祝；遵守→observation
n．观察，观察结果
1．equal
adj.(大小、数量、价值等)相同的；平等的；同等的；(力气、勇气、能力等)相当的；能胜任的n.同等的人；相等物v.(大小、数量、价值等)与……相等，等于；比得上；敌得过；导致；结果为
①Research
and
teaching
are
of
equal
importance.
同等的
②Men
also
share
the
equal
right
to
chase
fashion.
平等的
③I
hope
that
he
proves
equal
to
the
job.
能胜任的
④She
treats
the
people
who
work
for
her
as
her
equals.
同等的人
⑤This
achievement
is
unlikely
ever
to
be
equaled.
比得上
2．pick
up 拾起，捡起；学会；结识；用车接；好转；恢复；收听；购买
①He
has
picked
up
slowly
since
he
came
out
of
hospital.
恢复
②I
was
able
to
pick
you
up
on
the
short
wave
radio.
收听到
③I'll
pick
you
up
at
the
school
gate.
用车接
④He
picked
up
the
book
from
the
floor.
拾起，捡起
⑤The
children
have
picked
up
the
local
accent.
学会
Words
and
Phrases
知识要点1 come
to
one's
mind
某人想起……
(教材P28)
What
comes
to
your
mind
when
you
see
the
word
“nature”？
当你看到单词“nature”时，你想到了什么？
[例1] I
think
I
shall
tell
you
a
little
story
which
just
came
to
my
mind.
我想，我可以告诉各位一个我刚想到的小故事。
[例2] Seeing
the
photo，the
wonderful
time
they
spent
together
came
to
his
mind.
看到相片，他便想起了他们一起度过的美好时光。
[造句] 但是错过比赛的想法从来没在我脑海中出现。
Yet
the
thought
of
missing
the
game/match
never
even
came
to
my
mind.
[知识拓展]
keep/bear
in
mind...
记住……
absence/out
of
mind
心不在焉
find
one's
mind
on
把注意力集中在……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①We
should
all
keep
in
mind
the
concept
of
“We”
and
practice
it.
②Repeated
failures
have
driven
him
out
of
his
mind.
知识要点2 comment
n．评论；意见 vt.&
vi.发表意见，评论
[例1] You
really
can't
comment
until
you
know
the
fact.
你真的不能在知道事实之前进行评论。
[例2] There's
been
no
comment
so
far
from
the
police
about
the
allegations.
到目前为止还没有来自警方对那些指控的任何解释。
[造句] 他在阿姆斯特丹的记者招待会上发表了意见。
He
made
his
comments
at
a
news
conference
in
Amsterdam.
[知识拓展]
(1)comment
on/upon
对……作出评价
(2)comment
n.
评价
make
comments
on/upon
对……作出评价
no
comment
无可奉告
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He
did
not
comment
on
what
I
said.
②He
made
no
comment
on
our
proposal.
③They
asked
for
comments
on
the
new
plan.
知识要点3 shock
vt.使震惊；使难以置信n.震惊
(教材P29)The
two
students
were
shocked
at
the
lecture
on
nature.
这两个学生被关于自然的演讲震惊了。
[例1] The
news
of
my
promotion
came
as
a
shock.
我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。
[例2] It
shocks
you
when
something
like
that
happens.
发生那样的事情，你会难以置信。
[造句] 救援人员被眼前的景象惊呆了。
Relief
workers
were
shocked
by
what
they
saw.
[知识拓展]
(1)to
one's
shock
令某人震惊的是
It
shocks
sb.to
do
sth.
令某人害怕/震惊的是……
(2)shocked
adj.
震惊的
be
shocked
at
对……震惊
(3)shocking
adj.
令人震惊的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/同义句转换
①To
my
shock，such
an
attack
should
happen
in
this
school.
②I
am
sorry
for
having
asked
him.I
was
shocked(shock)
at
his
refusal.
③I
was
shocked
at
seeing
her
smoking.
＝I
was
shocked
to
see(see)
her
smoking.
[小片段填空]
①To
my
shock，he
refused
my
offer.When
I
met
him
again，I
②was
shocked
at
his
situation.It
is
③shocking
that
he
lost
all
his
possessions
in
such
a
short
time.
知识要点4 survive
vi.幸存；生存下来vt.幸免于；从……中生还
(教材P30)
A
fisherman
is
trying
to
survive
a
storm.
一个渔民正试图从风暴中幸存下来。
[例1] My
people
have
survived
400
years
of
slavery.
我的民族从400年的奴隶制中挺了过来。
[例2] All
the
trees
planted
last
year
have
survived.
去年栽的树全都活了。
[造句] 他在事故中没受伤，真是(不幸中的)大幸！
He
was
very
lucky
to
have
survived
the
accident
unhurt!
[知识拓展]
(1)survive
sth.
在……中幸免于难，挺过……
survive
(from
sth.)
(从……中)存活下来/留存下来
survive(on
sth.)
(靠……)存活
survive
as
sth.
作为……继续存在
survive
sb.by...years
比某人多活了……年
(2)survivor
n.
幸存者
survival
n.
幸存，幸免
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Harry
survived
his
wife
by
three
months.
②A
plane
crashed
yesterday，and
there
were
no
survivors
(survive)．
③Amy's
only
chance
of
survival(survive)
was
a
liver
transplant.
[小片段填空]
I
thought
there
would
be
little
chance
of
①survival，but
luckily，I
②survived
the
terrible
car
crash
last
week
and
I
was
the
only
③survivor
of
the
accident.
知识要点5 frightened
adj.受惊的，害怕的
(教材P31)
The
moment
I
heard
the
word
I
became
very
frightened．
我一听到那个词，我就非常害怕。
[例1] She
was
frightened
that
the
plane
would
crash.
她害怕飞机会坠毁。
[例2] Miriam
was
too
frightened
to
tell
her
family
what
had
happened.
米丽娅姆太害怕了以至于不敢告诉家人发生了什么事。
[造句] 她担心玻璃会破碎。
She
was
frightened
that
the
glass
would
break.
[知识拓展]
(1)frightened
adj.
感到害怕的
be
frightened
at...
(听到……)吓了一跳
be
frightened
of
sb./sth.
害怕某人/某事
(2)frightening
adj.
令人惊恐的；骇人的
(3)frighten
v.
使惊恐，使害怕
frighten
sb.into/out
of
doing
sth.
吓得某人做/不做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①They
frightened
the
old
lady
into
signing(sign)
the
paper.
②Don't
be
frightened(frighten)
of
making
mistakes
when
you
speak
English.
[名师点津]
由过去分词或现在分词转化来的形容词，是分词形容词。这些词已失去了动词的性质，大多数可被副词very或too修饰，有的还有比较级和最高级，故称为分词形容词。v.?ing形式，意为“令人……的”，多用于指事物；v.?ed形式，意为“感到……的”，多用于指人。
知识要点6 calm
adj.镇静的；沉着的
v．使……平衡
(教材P31)...I
felt
calmer
than
when
we
were
moving
towards
it.
……我感到比我们朝它移动时更镇静。
[例1] It
is
important
to
keep
calm
in
an
emergency.
情况紧急的时候，保持镇静是重要的。
[例2] Have
some
tea；it'll
calm
your
nerves.
喝点茶吧，这会使你紧张的神经松弛下来。
[造句] 镇静点，告诉我出了什么事。
Try
to
keep
calm
and
just
tell
me
what
happened.
[知识拓展]
(1)keep/remain
calm
保持冷静
(2)calm
down
平静下来
calm
oneself
down
使某人自己镇静下来
(3)calmly
adv.
平静地
calmness
n.
平静
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He
is
terribly
excited.We
must
try
to
calm
him
down．
②The
television
announcer
read
the
news
calmly(calm)．
③Do
not
have
a
drink
or
take
drugs
to
calm
yourself(you)
down.
[明辨异同]
calm
“镇静的；沉着的”，指无风浪或者人的心情不激动。
quiet
“安静的；宁静的”，指无声音，不吵闹或者心里没有烦恼或焦虑。
still
“不动的；静止的”，指无动作或运动的状态。
silent
“寂静的；沉默的，无语的”，指没有声音或不讲话。
[小片段填空]
When
facing
danger，one
should
keep
①calm；when
someone
else
is
asleep，one
should
keep
②quiet；in
class，one
shouldn't
keep
③silent
about
the
teacher's
questions.
知识要点7 curious
adj.好奇的；好打听的
(教材P31)
After
a
while，I
became
curious
about
the
whirlpool
itself.
过了一会儿，我开始对漩涡本身感到好奇。
[例1] Everyone
was
curious
about
why
Mark
was
leaving.
马克为什么要离去，大家都感到好奇。
[例2] He
is
such
a
curious
boy，always
asking
questions.
他是个如此好奇的男孩，总是爱问问题。
[造句] 人们聚拢过来，很想知道发生了什么事情。
People
gathered
round，curious
to
know
what
is
happening.
[知识拓展]
(1)be
curious
about
对……感到好奇
be
curious
to
do
sth.
渴望做某事
be
curious
that...
对……感到好奇
(2)curiosity
n.
好奇心；求知欲
from/out
of
curiosity
出于好奇
meet/satisfy
one's
curiosity
满足某人的好奇心
with
curiosity＝curiously
奇怪地；好奇地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①As
a
little
boy，he
was
curious
about
the
origin
of
mankind.
②He's
curious
to
know
(know)
what
she
said.
③Curiosity(curious)
drove
him
into
the
cave
to
see
what
happened.
知识要点8 recognise
vt.辨认出；承认；认可
(教材P31)
The
fishermen
were
my
old
friends，but
they
were
unable
to
recognise
me.
渔民们是我的老朋友，但他们没能认出我来。
[例1] I
had
already
recognised
the
voice.
我早已听出了这个声音。
[例2] When
I
went
there，one
of
my
real
brothers
recognised
me.
当我前往那里时，我的一个亲生兄弟认出了我。
[造句] 谁也没意识到形势有多么紧急。
Nobody
recognised
how
urgent
the
situation
was.
[知识拓展]
(1)recognise
sb./sth.as...
承认……是……
be
recognised
as...
被公认为……
recognise
that...
承认……；意识到……
(2)recognition
n.
认识；认出
beyond
recognition
认不出来
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Everyone
recognised
him
as
the
lawful
heir.
②It
was
recognised(recognise)
that
this
solution
could
only
be
temporary.
③At
last，her
father's
work
has
received
popular
recognition(recognise)．
知识要点9 turn
one's
back
(on
sb./sth.)对……置之不理，对……撒手不管
(教材P102)
...and
finally
turned
its
back
on
us.
……最后对我们撒手不管。
[例1] Did
you
really
turn
your
back
on
his
invitation?
你真的拒绝了他的邀请吗？
[例2] He
turned
his
back
on
me
and
refused
to
lend
me
any
money
when
I
lost
my
job.
当我失业的时候，他根本不肯帮忙，一分钱都不愿意借给我。
[造句] 每次我向你求助你都不理不睬，为什么？
Every
time
I
ask
you
for
help，you
turn
your
back
on
me.Why?
[知识拓展]
turn
against
背叛
turn
around
翻身，翻转，扭转
turn
down
关小，调低(声音)；拒绝
turn
in
交出，上交
turn
off
关掉，关闭
turn
on
打开，开启
turn
to
向……求助；转向
turn
up
调大；出现，露面
turn
out
结果是，生产，制造
turn
over
翻身，翻阅，打翻，翻转
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She
didn't
answer，and
turned
her
back
on
him.
②They
turn
to
you
because
they
trust
you.
③Her
name
constantly
turns
up
in
art
circles.
④At
first，they
had
no
idea
it
would
be
as
hard
as
it
turned
out
to
be.
[小片段填空]
The
party
was
almost
over，but
Jane
still
didn't
①turn
up.Tom
was
very
disappointed.He
didn't
know
why
Jane
didn't
②turn
down
his
invitation
if
she
didn't
want
to
come.He
③turned
over
the
bottles
on
the
table，and
the
rest
guests
left
the
hall
in
shock.Tom
④turned
off
all
the
lights
in
the
hall.No
one
could
imagine
how
upset
he
was!
Sentence
Patterns
重点句式1 the
moment引导的状语从句
(教材P31)
The
moment
I
heard
the
word
I
became
very
frightened.
我一听到那个词，我就非常害怕。
句式分析：句中the
moment相当于连词，引导时间状语从句。
[例1] The
moment
I
got
home
my
father
went
out.
我一到家，我父亲就出去了。
[例2] The
moment
I
saw
him
I
knew
that
there
was
no
hope.
我一看到他我就知道没有希望了。
[造句] 我一闭上眼睛就睡着了。
The
moment
I
closed
my
eyes
I
fell
asleep.
[知识拓展]
类似的用法还有：
(1)every
time，each
time，the
first
time
(2)the
instant，the
minute
(3)immediately，directly
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The
moment
I
see
the
general
manager，I
will
tell(tell)
him
about
the
coming
meeting.
②The
first
time
they
referred
to
the
young
pianist，I
thought(think)
he
was
a
man
without
name.
③I
came
immediately(immediate)
I
heard
the
news.
重点句式2 how引导的感叹句
(教材P31)
I
began
to
think
how
amazing
a
thing
it
was
to
die
in
such
a
way，...
我开始想，以这样的方式死去是一件多么神奇的事啊……
[例1] How
beautiful
a
girl
she
is!
她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！
[例2] How
strange
a
feeling
it
was!
这是一种多么奇怪的感觉啊！
[造句] 他们多么愚蠢啊！他们相信那个人说的话。
How
foolish
they
were!
They
believed
what
the
man
said.
[知识拓展]
(1)How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！
How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！
How＋主语＋谓语！
(2)What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！
What＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！
What＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①What
lovely
weather
we
are
having
these
days!
②How
carefully
the
students
are
listening!
③What
fine
weather
it
is
today!
重点句式3 the
more...，the
more...越……，越……
(教材P31)
The
first，the
larger
the
bodies
were，the
more
rapidly
they
fell...
第一，物体越大，下降速度越快……
句式分析：第一个“the＋比较级……”是条件状语从句，第二个“the＋比较级……”是主句。如果第二个“the＋比较级……”用一般将来时，则第一个“the＋比较级……”通常用一般现在时代替将来时。
[例1] The
higher
the
ground
is，the
thinner
the
air
becomes.
离地面越高，空气就越稀薄。
[例2] The
hungrier
they
became，the
harder
they
worked.
他们越饿，就越努力工作。
[造句] 战争持续越久，那里的人们受难就越多。
The
longer
the
war
lasts,
the
more
the
people
there
will
suffer.
[知识拓展]
(1)这个句型表示从句和主句的变化是同时进行的，即：主句的情况随着从句的情况而变化。两个“the＋比较级……”要分别放在两个句子的主谓结构之前，两句之间可以用逗号隔开。当意思很明白时，两句常采用省略形式。
(2)the
more＋n.，the
more＋n.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The
more
we
do
for
the
people，the
happier
(happy)
we
will
feel.
②The
more
she
learns，the
more
she
wants
to
learn．
她越学越想学。
③The
more
English
you
practise，the
better
your
English
will
be.
你练习英语越多，你的英语就越好。
教材
高考
1.A
fisherman
is
trying
to
survive
a
storm.
(2019·天津卷)If
a
predator
can
eat
several
species，it
can
survive
the
extinction(灭绝)of
one
of
them.
2.Without
waiting，I
jumped
into
the
sea
to
try
and
escape.
(2019·天津卷)Yet，now
that
I'm
growing
and
the
world
I
once
knew
as
being
so
simple
is
becoming
more
complex，I
find
myself
needing
a
way
to
escape.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．What
good
children
they
are!
2．The
busier
he
is，the
happier(happy)
he
feels.
3．It
is
recognised(recognise)
that
Jane
is
the
most
intelligent
girl
among
us.
4．Liz
picked
up
the
blue
envelope
and
turned
it
over
curiously(curious)．
5．I
know
it
must
be
a
frightening(frighten)
experience
for
you.
6．They
may
hate
what
he
does
but
their
survival(survive)
depends
on
him.
7．I
need
your
help；please
don't
turn
your
back
on
me.
8．Everyone
in
the
street
was
shocked(shock)
when
they
heard
the
news.
9．She
accidentally
stepped
on
his
foot
on
a
crowded(crowd)
train.
10．We
have
not
seen
the
letter，so
we
can
hardly
comment
on
it.
Ⅱ.短语填空
after
a
while；in
the
face
of；in
the
end；turn
one's
back
on；adapt
from；in
the
direction
of
1．In
the
end，we
all
decided
to
organize
a
concert
for
Easter.
2．I
turned
to
my
father
for
help，but
he
turned
his
back
on
me.
3．We
must
strengthen
our
unity
in
the
face
of
powerful
enemies.
4．They
wandered
off
in
the
direction
of
the
nearest
store.
5．His
music
is
difficult
to
listen
to，but
after
a
while
it
starts
to
grow
on
you.
6．This
text
is
adapted
from
a
story
in
Chinese
literature.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
About
three
years
ago，the
storyteller
experienced
a
horrible
storm，1.which
had
broken
his
body
and
soul.
One
day，he
was
out
fishing
around
some
islands
with
his
two
brothers
when
the
sky
2.was
covered(cover)
with
clouds.They
were
in
a
terrible
storm
in
less
than
a
minute.His
3.younger(young)
brother
fell
into
the
seA．He
and
his
elder
brother
were
pushed
4.in
the
direction
of
the
whirlpool
and
went
round
and
round
it.The
storyteller
felt
sick，as
if
he
was
falling
from
5.a
mountain
top
in
a
dream.It
may
appear
strange，but
at
that
moment，when
they
were
on
the
edge
of
the
whirlpool，he
felt
calmer
than
when
they
were
moving
towards
it.After
a
while，he
made
three
important
6.observations(observe).7.Based(base)
on
what
he
had
found，he
tied
8.himself
(he)to
a
barrel，which
helped
him
to
float.Although
he
tried
to
make
his
elder
brother
understand
that
he
should
do
the
same，his
brother
was
too
9.frightened(frighten)
and
stayed
in
the
heavy
boat.10.Finally(final)，the
storyteller
was
saved.
关系副词引导定语从句
[观察例句]
1．There
are
occasions
when
one
must
yield.
2．Beijing
is
the
place
where
I
was
born.
3．Is
this
the
reason
why
he
refused
our
offer?
[归纳用法]
当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有when，where和why。
一、关系副词when
1．when引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如time，day，hour，month，year，在从句中作时间状语。
2．when既可以引导限制性定语从句，又可以引导非限制性定语从句。
3．关系副词when常可用“介词＋which”来代替。
I'll
never
forget
the
days
when
we
stayed
in
the
countryside.
我永远忘不了我们在乡下待过的日子。
(when引导限制性定语从句，可用
on
which代替)
Do
you
still
remember
the
time
when
we
met
our
old
friend
John?
你还记得我们遇见我们的老朋友约翰的时候吗？
(when引导限制性定语从句，可用
at
which
代替)
In
the
old
days，when
our
country
was
not
so
strong，peasants
lived
a
hard
life.
在过去，我们的国家还没有这么富强的时候，农民们过着苦日子。
(when引导非限制性定语从句，可用in
which
代替)
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①Between
the
two
parts
of
the
concert
is
an
interval，when
the
audience
can
buy
ice?cream.
②The
days
are
gone
when
physical
strength
was
all
you
needed
to
make
a
living.
二、关系副词where
1．where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如place，room，house，spot，school，country等，在从句中作地点状语。
They
went
into
the
hall
where
the
meeting
was
being
held.
他们走进正在开会的大厅。
2．where可以引导非限制性定语从句。
Opposite
is
St.Paul's
Church，where
you
can
hear
some
lovely
music.
对面是圣保罗大教堂，在那里你可以听到一些美妙的音乐。
3．关系副词where常可用“介词＋关系代词”构成的表示地点的介词短语代替。
Japan
is
the
place
where
(in
which)
earthquakes
frequently
happen.
日本是地震频发的地方。
The
office
where
(at
which)
he
works
is
not
far
from
here.
他工作的办公室离这儿不远。
[名师点津]
where引导定语从句和状语从句的区别
引导定语从句时，where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语，其前有表示地点的名词作先行词，从句修饰先行词；引导状语从句时，where是从属连词，从句修饰主句的谓语动词，where前面没有表示地点的名词。
He's
got
himself
into
a
dangerous
situation
where
he
is
likely
to
lose
control
over
the
plane.(定语从句)
他使自己陷入了一种危险的情况，他很可能会失去对飞机的控制。
When
you
read
the
book，you'd
better
make
a
mark
where
you
have
questions.(状语从句)
当你读这本书的时候，你最好在有疑问的地方做一下标记。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①They
have
reached
the
point
where
they
split
up.
②He
wrote
a
letter
where
he
explained
what
had
happened
in
the
accident.
三、关系副词why
1．why引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示原因的名词，如
reason，excuse，explanation，在从句中作原因状语。
2．关系副词
why
常可用“介词for＋which”来代替。
[名师点津]
why不能引导非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中，先行词是
reason，关系副词在定语从句中作状语时，应该用
for
which
引导。
The
reason
why
he
was
absent
sounds
reasonable.
他缺席的原因听起来很合理。(why引导限制性定语从句，可用for
which代替)
Can
you
believe
his
reason
why
he
didn't
attend
the
meeting
yesterday?
你能相信他昨天没来开会的理由吗？(why引导限制性定语从句，可用
for
which
代替)
[即学即练3] 单句语法填空
①The
reason
why
he
resigned
is
known
to
us.
②That's
the
reason
why
she
spoke.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Life
is
like
a
long
race
where
we
compete
with
others
to
go
beyond
ourselves.
2．I
often
have
the
case
where
I
can't
recognise
my
friend's
voice
on
the
phone.
3．Some
pictures
of
the
river
brought
the
days
back
to
the
old
when
they
swam
in
it.
4．In
a
sports
team
each
player
has
a
clear
role，and
there
are
few
occasions
when
members
are
confused
or
uncertain
of
their
roles.
5．Many
countries
are
now
setting
up
national
parks
where
animals
and
plants
can
be
protected.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
This
is
the
village
1.where
I
was
brought
up，2.which
is
surrounded
by
trees
and
mountains.I
still
remember
the
days
3.when
I
played
with
my
little
friends.We
often
went
to
a
nearby
river，4.where
we
caught
fish.But
we
usually
went
home
late.That's
the
reason
5.why
I
often
was
scolded
by
my
parents.Although
there
were
only
three
hundred
people
there，the
people
enjoyed
6.themselves(them)
and
got
along
well
7.with
each
other.They
worked
in
the
field，8.where
a
variety
of
crops
were
planted.The
only
school
was
9.located(locate)
in
the
centre
of
the
village，10.from
which
many
students
graduated.
PAGE
-
23
-UNIT
5
HUMANS
AND
NATURE
Section
Ⅱ Lesson
2
&
Lesson
3
Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
( )1.rescue
A．n.洲，大洲；大陆
( )2.trap
B．n.队长；组长
( )3.interrupt
C．n.&
vt.营救；救援
( )4.damage
D．vt.估量，衡量；测量
( )5.measure
E．adv.附近
( )6.captain
F．n.&
vt.努力，尝试，企图
( )7.prove
G．n.伤害，损伤，损害
( )8.continent
H．vt.打断讲话
( )9.attempt
I．vt.困住；使陷入危险中
( )10.nearby
J．vt.证明；证实
[答案] 1—5 CIHGD 6—10 BJAFE
B．短语匹配
( )1.on
one's
way
to
A．吸气
( )2.make
progress
B．用完；耗尽
( )3.carry
on
C．为……做准备
( )4.all
the
way
D．取得进步
( )5.get
into
E．停止运转；出故障
( )6.breathe
in
F．在某人去某地的路上
( )7.in
preparation
for
G．一路上；一直
( )8.at
one
time
H．曾经；一度
( )9.run
out
I．继续
( )10.break
down
J．陷入；染上
[答案] 1—5 FDIGJ 6—10 ACHBE
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．vehicle
n．
交通工具，车辆
2．death
n.
死亡，死
3．operation
n.
行动，活动；手术；操作
4．process
n.
过程，进程
5．battle
n.
较量；竞争；斗争；战斗
6．protection
n.
保护；防护
7．polar
adj.
极地的，地极的
8．exploration
n.
探险；探索
9．base
n.
基地，大本营；基础
vt.
以……为基地
10．dust
n.
灰尘；尘埃
Ⅰ.语境填词
loss；suffering；prove；vehicle；continent；breathe；site；duty；dust；ambition
1．Asia
is
the
largest
of
the
continents
of
the
world.
2．They
hope
this
new
evidence
will
prove
her
innocence.
3．She
never
achieved
her
ambition
of
becoming
a
famous
writer.
4．A
cloud
of
dust
rose
as
the
truck
drove
off.
5．He
breathed
deeply
before
speaking
again.
6．In
this
job
you
have
to
harden
your
heart
to
pain
and
suffering．
7．It
is
my
duty
to
report
it
to
the
police.
8．A
site
has
been
chosen
for
the
new
school.
9．The
closure
of
the
factory
will
lead
to
a
number
of
job
losses．
10．This
vehicle
was
parked
on
private
property.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．The
birth
of
her
son
was
a
minor
interruption(interrupt)
to
her
career.
2．We
took
a
wrong
turn
and
got
lost(loss)
in
the
mountains.
3．He
underwent
a
three?hour
heart
operation(operate)．
4．This
war
has
caused
widespread
human
suffering(suffer)．
5．He
asked
to
be
put
under
police
protection(protect)．
6．We
had
to
stop
for
breath(breathe)
before
we
got
to
the
top.
7．The
team
has
been
training
hard
in
preparation(prepare)
for
the
big
game.
8．The
pilot
studied
his
instruments
anxiously(anxious)．
9．We
are
looking
for
an
ambitious(ambition)
young
assistant.
10．Our
parents
live
some
distance(distant)
away.
1．While
he
was
on
the
way
to
Antarctica，he
received
a
message
from
the
Norwegian
explorer
Roald
Amundsen
which
said
he
was
going
south，too.
在去南极洲的路上，他收到了挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的一封信，信中说他也要南下。
2．First，his
two
sledges
broke
down
and
then
the
horses
began
to
have
serious
difficulties
with
the
snow
and
the
cold.
先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始在大雪和严寒的天气下出现严重问题。
3．Putting
on
our
shoes
in
the
morning
is
getting
slower
and
slower.
大家早上穿上鞋子的速度也越来越慢了。
4．The
next
to
go
was
Captain
Oates，who
was
having
great
difficulty
walking.
接下来离开的是奥茨船长，他行走非常困难。
5．Scott
had
failed
to
win
the
race
to
the
Pole，but
the
great
courage
shown
by
Scott
and
his
men
made
them
heroes.
虽然斯科特没能赢得去极地的比赛，但他和他的队员们表现出的巨大勇气使他们成为英雄。
词语助读
①Robert
Falcon
Scott罗伯特·法尔肯·斯科特(1868—1912)，出生于英国德文郡普利茅斯，英国海军军官、极地探险家，人们称他为“斯科特船长”(Captain
Scott)。
②Roald
Amundsen罗尔德·阿蒙森(1872—1928)，挪威极地探险家。他在探险史上获得了两个“第一”：第一个航行于西北航道，第一个到达南极点。
③base
n．基地
④in
preparation
for为……做准备
⑤anxiously
adv.焦虑地；不安地
⑥pull
v．拉；拖；拽
⑦sledge
n．雪橇
⑧ski
n．滑雪板
⑨make
progress取得进步；取得进展
⑩break
down
抛锚；(机器等)坏了
?after
a
while过了一会；过了不久
?shocked
adj.震惊的
shock
v．使震惊
shocking
adj.令人震惊的
?ambition
n．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿
ambitious
adj.有抱负的；有雄心壮志的
?exploration
n．探险；探索
explore
v．探险；探索
explorer
n．探险者；勘察者
?run
out
of
用完；用光(人作主语)
run
out用完；耗尽(物作主语)
?realise
v．意识到
?hopeless
adj.无助的；绝望的
?cheerful
adj.快乐的，高兴的
?on
one's
way在某人去……的路上
?all
the
way一路上；一直
at
one
time以前；曾经
distant
adj.遥远的；疏远的
continent
n．洲；大洲
have
difficulty
(in)
doing
sth.做某事有困难
carry
on继续
carry
out执行；实施
courage
n．勇敢；勇气
courageous
adj.勇敢的，有胆量的；有勇气的
原文呈现
RACE
TO
THE
POLE
On
1
June，1910，Captain
Robert
Falcon
Scott①
left
London
to
begin
his
journey
to
AntarcticA．While
he
was
on
the
way
to
Antarctica，he
received
a
message
from
the
Norwegian
explorer
Roald
Amundsen②
which
said
he
was
going
south，too.[1]
Then
the
race
to
the
South
Pole
began!
[1]which引导定语从句，修饰先行词a
message。
During
the
polar
summer
of
1910—1911，both
teams
organised
food
bases③
in
preparation
for④
their
journeys
the
next
year.Then
came
the
total
darkness
of
the
polar
winter.[2]
Scott
and
Amundsen
waited
anxiously⑤
for
spring.
[2]本句是一个完全倒装句，then置于句首，谓语came提前。
Amundsen
was
the
first
to
leave
on
8
September，1911.[3]
He
had
teams
of
dogs
pulling⑥
the
sledges⑦
and
all
his
men
were
on
skis⑧.Because
of
this，he
made
rapid
progress⑨.Scott
left
on
1
November
and
soon
had
problems.First，his
two
sledges
broke
down⑩
and
then
the
horses
began
to
have
serious
difficulties
with
the
snow
and
the
cold.After
a
while?，Scott
and
his
men
had
to
push
the
sledges
themselves.
[3]不定式to
leave作定语修饰the
first。
Amundsen
reached
the
Pole
on
14
December，1911
and
put
a
Norwegian
flag
there.Then
he
prepared
for
the
return
journey.Amundsen
and
his
team
arrived
safely
back
to
their
starting
base
on
25
January，1912，ten
days
ahead
of
their
planned
schedule.
Scott
finally
arrived
at
the
Pole
with
four
team
members
on
17
January，1912.They
were
shocked?
when
they
saw
the
Norwegian
flag.Scott
wrote
in
his
diary：
“Well，we
have
now
lost
the
goal
of
our
ambition?
and
must
face
800
miles
of
hard
pushing—and
goodbye
to
most
of
our
dreams.”
The
return
journey
was
one
of
the
worst
in
the
history
of
exploration?.The
men
were
soon
very
tired
and
were
running
out
of?
food.The
weather
conditions
were
terrible.Scott
started
to
realise?
their
hopeless?
situation：
“We
are
very
cheerful?，but
what
each
man
feels
in
his
heart
I
can
only
guess.Putting
on
our
shoes
in
the
morning
is
getting
slower
and
slower.”
However，on
their
way?
back
they
found
time
to
look
for
rocks.They
carried
twenty
kilos
of
rocks
all
the
way?
with
them.Later，these
rocks
proved
that
at
one
timeeq
\s\up6()
in
the
distanteq
\s\up6()
past，the
continenteq
\s\up6()
of
Antarctica
was
covered
by
plants.
Then
disaster
came.Edgar
Evans
had
a
terrible
disease
and
died
after
a
bad
fall.The
next
to
go
was
Captain
Oates，who
was
having
great
difficulty
walkingeq
\s\up6().Scott
recorded
his
death：
“He
said，‘I'm
just
going
outside
and
may
be
some
time.’．..We
knew
that
poor
Oates
was
walking
to
his
death，but
though
we
tried
to
stop
him，we
knew
that
it
was
the
act
of
a
brave
man
and
an
English
gentleman.We
all
hope
to
meet
the
end
with
a
similar
spirit，and
certainly
the
end
is
not
far.”
Scott
and
two
of
his
team
members
carried
oneq
\s\up6()
and
got
within
eleven
miles
of
one
of
their
food
bases.But
then
a
terrible
storm
started
and
they
could
not
leave
their
tent.Scott
spent
some
of
his
last
hours
writing.He
wrote
a
letter
full
of
sadness
to
his
wife
Kathleen：
“I
could
tell
you
lots
and
lots
about
this
journey.What
stories
you
would
have
for
the
boy...but
what
a
price
to
pay.”
Scott's
diary
also
told
the
story
of
their
end：
“We
are
getting
weaker
and
weaker
and
the
end
can't
be
far.It
seems
a
pity，but
I
do
not
think
I
can
write
more.”
The
news
of
Scott's
death
shocked
the
world.Even
Amundsen
was
moved
by
Scott's
death
saying“Captain
Scott
left
a
record，for
honesty，sincerity，for
bravery，for
everything
that
makes
a
man.”Scott
had
failed
to
win
the
race
to
the
Pole，but
the
great
courageeq
\s\up6()
shown
by
Scott
and
his
men
made
them
heroes.
译文参考
冲向极点的比赛
1910年6月1日，罗伯特·法尔肯·斯科特船长离开伦敦，开始他的南极远征。在去南极洲的路上，他收到了挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的一封信，信中说他也要南下。然后，冲向南极的比赛开始了！
1910—1911年，在极地的那个夏季，两个队伍都建立了食物储存处，为他们明年的旅程做准备。接着漆黑的极地冬夜开始了。斯科特和阿蒙森都焦急地等待着春天来临。
1911年9月8日，阿蒙森率先离开。他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有的人都装备了滑雪板。正因如此，他行进得很快。斯科特于11月1日出发，不久就遇到了问题。先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始在大雪和严寒的天气下出现严重问题。过了不久，斯科特和他的队员们不得不自己推雪橇。
1911年12月14日，阿蒙森到达南极，并在那里插上了挪威国旗。然后他准备返程。阿蒙森和他的队友们在1912年1月25日平安回到起始基地，比计划的时间还提前了十天。
1912年1月17日，斯科特和4名队员终于到达了南极。他们看到挪威国旗时感到非常震惊。斯科特在日记中写道：
“好吧，我们现在已经失去了雄心壮志的目标，并且必须面对800英里的艰苦跋涉——告别我们大部分人的梦想。”
这次返程是探险史上最糟糕的一次。队员们很快就精疲力竭，食物也快吃完了。天气情况很糟糕。斯科特开始意识到他们的绝望处境：
“我们表面看起来都很开心，但每个人心里的感受我无从得知。大家早上穿鞋子的速度也越来越慢了。”
尽管如此，在回来的路上，他们找时间搜集岩石。他们一路上带着20公斤的石块。后来，这些石块证实了，在遥远的过去，南极洲曾经被植物覆盖。
然后灾难来了。埃德加·埃文斯得了重病，摔了一跤后死去了。接下来离开的是奥茨船长，他行走非常困难。斯科特记录了他的死亡：
“他说：‘我出去一下，也许得一段时间。’……我们知道可怜的奥茨正在走向死亡，尽管我们试图阻止他，但我们都知道这是一个勇敢的人和一个英国绅士的行为。我们都希望以类似的精神迎接自己的终点，当然终点也不远了。”
斯科特和两名队员继续向前，他们到达了距离食品储存处不足11英里的地方。但紧接着一场可怕的风暴开始了，他们根本无法离开帐篷。斯科特在他生命的最后几个小时进行了写作。他给妻子凯瑟琳写了一封充满悲伤的信：
“我可以告诉你很多关于这次旅行的事情。这些故事你也可以讲给我们的孩子……但这是多么大的代价啊。”
斯科特的日记也讲述了他们的结局：
“我们越来越虚弱，死亡不远了。这似乎很遗憾，但我认为我不能再写更多了。”
斯科特去世的消息震惊了全世界。就连阿蒙森也被斯科特的死感动了，他说：“斯科特船长为诚实、真诚、勇敢以及一切造就一个男人的品质留下了记录。”虽然他没能赢得去南极的比赛，但斯科特和他的队员们所展现出的巨大勇气使他们成为英雄。
速读P36－P37教材课文，完成下列任务。
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断下列句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及：
1．Scott
received
Amundsen's
message
in
1911.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
2．Scott
made
rapid
progress
because
of
his
good
preparations.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
3．It
took
Amundsen
about
three
months
to
arrive
at
the
AntarcticA．
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
4．Scott
collected
some
rocks
on
their
return
journey.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
5．Scott
died
after
he
returned
to
England.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
[答案] 1－5 BBAAB
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息。
A．who
was
having
great
difficulty
walking
B．what
each
man
feels
in
his
heart
C．While
he
was
on
the
way
to
Antarctica
D．when
they
saw
the
Norwegian
flag
E．that
it
was
the
act
of
a
brave
man
and
an
English
gentleman
1．________，he
received
a
message
from
the
Norwegian
explorer
Roald
Amundsen.
2．They
were
shocked
________．
3．We
are
very
cheerful，but
________I
can
only
guess.
4．The
next
to
go
was
Captain
Oates，________．
5．...though
we
tried
to
stop
him，we
knew
________．
[答案] 1—5 CDBAE
Ⅲ.表格填空
Topic
The
1.Race
to
the
Pole
Amundsen's
successful
expedition
·Amundsen
from
Norway
was
the
first
to
leave，on
8
September，1911.·He
had
teams
of
2.dogs
pulling
sledges
and
all
his
men
were
on
skis，because
of
which
he
made
3.rapid
progress．·Amundsen
reached
the
Pole
on
14
December，1911
and
put
their
national
4.flag
there.Then
he
prepared
for
the
return
journey.
Scott's
difficult
butcourageous
expedition
·Scott
left
on
1
November
and
soon
had
problems.·The
horses
had
difficulties
with
the
snow
and
the
cold，and
the
sledges
broke
down.After
a
while，Scott
and
his
men
had
to
5.push
the
sledges
themselves.·Scott
and
four
team
members
finally
reached
the
Pole
and
they
were
6.shocked
by
the
Norwegian's
first
arrival.
Result
and
impliedmeaning
·The
return
journey
was
hard
for
Scott
and
his
men.They
were
7.tired/exhausted
and
running
out
of
food
and
the
weather
was
terrible.All
of
the
men
died
in
the
8．exploration.·Scott
and
his
men
9.failed
to
win
the
race
to
the
Pole
but
they
were
made
into
heroes
because
of
their
extraordinary
10.courage.
细读P36－P37教材课文，完成下列任务。
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
( )1.ParA．1
A．Scott
and
his
men
were
made
into
heroes.
( )2.Paras.2～5
B．The
return
journey
and
the
difficulties.
( )3.Paras.6～10
C．The
race
began.
( )4.ParA．11
D．The
race
between
Scott
and
Amundsen.
[答案] 1—4 CDBA
Ⅱ.单项选择
1．Amundsen
was
a(n)________
explorer.
A．Italian
B．Norwegian
C．British
D．French
2．Amundsen
succeeded
because
________．
A．his
men
were
much
more
healthier
B．his
men
arrived
there
by
plane
C．dogs
pulled
his
sledges
and
his
men
were
on
skis
D．his
men
did
not
meet
with
snow
and
cold
3．In
the
return
journey，Scott
met
with
the
following
except
________．
A．lack
of
food
B．exhaustion
C．lack
of
fresh
water
D．bad
weather
4．Why
did
Scott
and
his
men
become
heroes?
A．Because
they
achieved
their
goal
of
their
ambition.
B．Because
they
returned
from
their
exploration
safely.
C．Because
they
won
the
race
to
the
Pole.
D．Because
they
showed
great
courage
all
the
time.
5．Which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE?
A．Amundsen
won
the
race
to
the
Pole.
B．Amundsen
and
his
men
had
to
push
the
sledges
themselves.
C．Amundsen
and
his
men
carried
some
rocks
with
them.
D．Edgar
Evans
had
difficulty
walking.
[答案] 1－5 BCCDA
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能
A．阅读教材课文中含有描述个人心情的语句
1．Scott
and
Amundsen
waited
anxiously
for
spring.
2．They
were
shocked
when
they
saw
the
Norwegian
flag.
3．We
are
very
cheerful，but
what
each
man
feels
in
his
heart
I
can
only
guess.
B．判断下列句子是否为描述个人心情的语句
1．The
news
of
Scott's
death
shocked
the
world.(不是)
2．The
men
were
soon
very
tired
and
were
running
out
of
food.(不是)
1．interrupt
vt.打断讲话→interruption
n．打断
2．die
vi.死，死亡；消失→dead
adj.死的，失去生命的→death
n．死；死亡
3．lose
vt.丢失，遗失；丧失→loss
n．丧失；死亡
4．operate
vt.运转；操作vi.手术→operation
n．行动，活动；手术；操作
5．suffer
vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦，受难，受折磨；遭受(痛苦)→suffering
n．(肉体上或精神上的)痛苦，折磨
6．protect
vt.保护；防护→protection
n．保护；防护
7．breath
n．呼吸→breathe
vt.&
vi.呼吸
8．prepare
vt.预备，准备→preparation
n．预备，准备
9．anxious
adj.焦虑的；不安的→anxiously
adv.焦虑地；不安地→anxiety
n．焦虑；不安
10．ambitious
adj.有抱负的，雄心勃勃的→ambition
n．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿
11．distant
adj.久远的；遥远的→distance
n．远处；远方
1．operation
n．行动，活动；手术；操作
①Doctors
performed
an
emergency
operation
for
appendicitis
last
night.
手术
②The
police
have
launched
a
major
operation
against
drug
suppliers.
行动
③Operation
of
the
device
is
extremely
simple.
操作
2．conduct
vt.实施；进行；执行；举止，表现vi.&
vt.指挥；带领，引导
①The
negotiations
have
been
conducted
in
a
positive
manner.
进行
②The
guide
conducted
us
around
the
ruins
of
the
ancient
city.
引导
③He
conducted
himself
far
better
than
expected.
表现
④Dennis
had
recently
begun
a
successful
career
conducting
opera
in
Europe.
指挥
Words
and
Phrases
知识要点1 trap
vt.困住；使陷于危险中n.陷阱；阴谋
(教材P34)
Rescue
teams
try
to
save
people
trapped
under
buildings.
救援队尽力营救被困在建筑底下的人们。
[例1] They
were
trapped
in
the
burning
building.
他们被困在燃烧着的楼房里。
[例2] She
had
set
a
trap
for
him
and
he
had
walked
straight
into
it.
她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻了进去。
[造句] 他陷入不幸的婚姻之中。
He
was
trapped
in
an
unhappy
marriage.
[知识拓展]
(1)be
trapped
in...
被困在……
trap
sb.into
doing
sth.
诱骗某人做某事
(2)set/lay
a
trap
设置陷阱；布下圈套
fall/walk
into
a
trap
落入陷阱/圈套
fall
into
the
trap
of
doing
sth.
落入做某事陷阱
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Many
people
trapped(trap)
in
buildings
died
before
they
could
be
rescued.
②I
was
trapped
into
admitting(admit)
I
had
done
wrong.
③Mary
set
a
trap
for
Peter
and
he
really
fell
into
it.
知识要点2 attempt
v．&
n．尝试，试图，努力
(教材P34)
What
happens
on
rescue
attempts?
在救援行动中发生了什么？
[例1] The
prisoners
attempted
an
escape，but
failed.
囚犯们企图逃跑，但失败了。
[例2] Two
factories
were
closed
in
an
attempt
to
cut
costs.
为削减费用，有两家工厂被关闭了。
[造句] 不要试图自己修理这个东西。
Do
not
attempt
to
repair
this
yourself.
[知识拓展]
(1)attempt
to
do
sth.
试图/努力做某事
attempt
doing
sth.
试着做某事
(2)at
the/one's
first
attempt
第一次尝试
in
an
attempt
to
do(sth.)
试图做某事
make
an/no
attempt
to
do(sth.)
企图做某事/没有做某事的企图
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The
students
who
are
not
successful
at
the
first
attempt
may
take
the
exam
again.
②I
made
no
attempt
to
make(make)
friends
with
her.
③Personally
speaking，parents
are
making
an
attempt/are
attempting
to
protect
their
children(正试图保护他们的孩子)
by
giving
whatever
they
require.
知识要点3 preparation
n．准备，预备；配制品
(教材P36)
...both
teams
organised
food
bases
in
preparation
for
their
journeys
the
next
year.
……两个队伍都建立了食物储存处，为他们明年的旅程做准备。
[例1] Careful
preparation
for
the
exam
is
essential.
认真准备考试十分重要。
[例2] We
made
preparations
to
move
to
new
offices.
我们已准备好要搬到新办公室。
[造句] 他协助我撰写此书。
He
assisted
me
in
the
preparation
of
this
book.
[知识拓展]
(1)in
preparation
for
为……做准备
make
preparations
for
为……做准备
be
in
preparation
在准备中
(2)prepare
v.
准备
prepare
for
sth.
为……做准备(强调动作)
be
prepared
for
sth.
为……做好准备(强调状态)
prepare
to
do
sth.
准备做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Tom
is
studying
in
preparation
for
the
next
examination.
＝Tom
is
making
preparations(prepare)
for
the
next
examination.
②I'm
not
well
prepared
for
the
exam.I'm
afraid
I
won't
pass
it.
③The
third
book
in
the
series
is
currently
in
preparation.
[名师点津]
(1)preparation用作不可数名词时表示“准备，预备”，常用于in
preparation
(for
sth.)短语中；(2)用作可数名词时表示具体的“准备工作”，常与动词make连用，组成make
preparations
for短语。
知识要点4 anxiously
adv.焦虑地；不安地
(教材P36)
Scott
and
Amundsen
waited
anxiously
for
spring.
斯科特和阿蒙森都焦急地等待着春天来临。
[例1] The
old
woman
was
anxiously
awaiting
the
return
of
her
relatives.
老妇人望眼欲穿地盼望亲人们归来。
[例2] Michael
glanced
anxiously
down
the
corridor，but
Mary
was
nowhere
to
be
seen.
迈克尔焦急地顺着走廊望去，可根本看不到玛丽的影儿。
[造句] 我忧心忡忡地等着他的电话。
I
was
anxiously
waiting
for
his
phone
call.
[知识拓展]
(1)be
anxious
about
为……担心/忧虑
be
anxious
for
sth.
渴望某事
be
anxious
to
do
sth.
渴望做某事
be
anxious
for
sb.to
do
sth.
渴望某人做某事
be
anxious
that
sb.(should)do
sth.
渴望某人做某事
(2)anxiety
n.
忧虑，担忧
with
anxiety
焦虑地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Jack
still
can't
help
being
anxious
about
his
job
interview.
②Peggy
is
anxious
to
show(show)
that
she
can
cope
with
extra
responsibility.
③He
was
anxious
that
they
(should)
have(have)
all
they
want.
[小片段填空]
My
daughter
studies
very
hard，because
she
①is
anxious
to
go
to
college.But
she
②
is
anxious
about
not
passing
the
entrance
exam.I
③am
anxious
that
she
should
get
rid
of
④anxiety．
知识要点5 break
down(机器或车辆)出毛病，损坏；(讨论、关系或系统)失败，破裂，失灵；分解；将……分成若干部分；(使)(物质)分解；感情失控(痛哭起来)
(教材P36)
First，his
two
sledges
broke
down
and
then
the
horses
began
to
have
serious
difficulties
with
the
snow
and
the
cold.
先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始在大雪和严寒的天气下出现严重问题。
[例1] Talks
with
business
leaders
broke
down
last
night.
昨晚与商界领导人的谈判破裂了。
[例2] Her
sister
broke
down，sobbing
into
her
handkerchief.
她姐姐再也控制不住自己的情绪，捂着手绢呜咽起来。
[例3] The
dam
broke
down，and，as
a
result
the
land
was
flooded.
大坝倒塌了，结果土地被淹了。
[例4] We
were
driving
half
when
the
car
broke
down.
当汽车抛锚时，我们正行驶到一半的路程。
[造句] 听到这消息时，她控制不住自己哭了起来，但很快她就平静下来了。
She
broke
down
when
she
heard
the
news，but
quickly
recovered.
[知识拓展]
break
out
(坏事)爆发；突然发生
break
in
强行闯入；打断谈话
break
up
破碎；解散；分手
break
through
突破；冲破
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Not
long
after
his
return，a
local
war
broke
out
near
his
town.
②He
broke
in
with
some
ideas
of
his
own.
知识要点6 on
one's
way
在途中
(教材P37)
However，on
their
way
back
they
found
time
to
look
for
rocks.
尽管如此，在回来的路上，他们找时间搜集岩石。
[例1] On
my
way
to
New
York，I
stopped
over
in
Tokyo
for
two
days.
我在去纽约的途中在东京停留了两天。
[例2] He
met
with
an
accident
on
his
way
to
school.
他在上学的路上遇到一起意外事故。
[造句] 她在去学校的路上突然摔倒了，肯定是生病了。
She
suddenly
fell
down
on
her
way
to
school，she
must
have
been
ill.
[知识拓展]
all
the
way
一路上
by
the
way
顺便说
by
way
of
路经，途经
in
the
way
阻碍
in
a
way
在某种程度上
in
no
way
决不
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I
put
her
downstairs
so
that
she
shouldn't
be
in
the
way.
②They
are
travelling
to
France
by
way
of
London.
③In
no
way
will
I
give
in.
[名师点津]
(1)in
no
way意为“决不”，表示否定意义，放在句首时，句子要部分倒装。
(2)on
one's
way
to中的to为介词，后跟副词时应省略。如：on
one's
way
home“在某人回家的路上”。
知识要点7 carry
on
继续做某事
(教材P37)
Scott
and
two
of
his
team
members
carried
on
and
got
within
eleven
miles
of
one
of
their
food
bases.
斯科特和两名队员继续向前，到达距离食品储存处不足11英里的地方。
[例1] Now
we
have
got
a
cart，we
can
carry
on
with
our
work.
现在我们有手推车，我们可以继续工作了。
[例2] Then
they
promised
to
stop，but
they
secretly
carried
on.
当时，他们承诺停工，但暗地里仍在施工。
[造句] 他继续讲笑话，自己笑得前仰后合。
He
carried
on
telling
jokes，laughing
his
head
off.
[知识拓展]
carry
on
继续做某事
carry
away
拿走
carry
out
进行(实验)，实施(计划)，
履行(义务、约定)
carry
sb.through(sth.)
帮助某人渡过难关
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Carry
on
with
your
work
while
I'm
out.
②Whatever
difficulty
you
will
meet
with，carry
out
your
plan.
③Their
faith
and
courage
carried
them
through．
知识要点8 measure
vt.度量(大小、长短等)；测量；打量；估量
n．措施；标准
(教材P102)
...that
is
hard
to
measure.
……那很难衡量。
[例1] A
dipstick
is
used
to
measure
how
much
oil
is
left
in
an
engine.
量油尺是用来探查引擎中的剩余油量的。
[例2] The
pond
measures
about
2
metres
across.
这个池塘宽约2米。
[造句] 他说将会采取严厉措施惩罚凶手。
He
said
strict
measures
would
be
taken
against
the
murderers.
[知识拓展]
take
measures
to
do
sth.
采取措施做某事
make...to
one's
own
measure
根据某人的尺寸做(衣服)
be
measured
by/in...
用……来计算/衡量
take
sb.'s
measure
给某人量尺寸
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Scientists
haven't
measured(measure)
the
positive
effects
of
laughter
on
children.
②My
mother
made
me
a
pair
of
trousers
to
my
own
measure.
③It
is
high
time
that
we
should
take
measures(measure)
to
protect
endangered
animals.
[名师点津]
当measure表示“量起来有……长/高/宽……”时，是不及物动词，没有被动语态。
知识要点9 suffering
n．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨
(教材P102)But
it's
our
duty
to
try
our
best
to
reduce
suffering
and
the
loss
of
life.
但尽量减少人们的痛苦和伤亡是我们的职责。
[例1] Death
finally
brought
an
end
to
her
suffering.
死亡终于结束了她的痛苦。
[例2] This
war
has
caused
widespread
human
suffering.
这场战争给许多人带来了苦难。
[造句] 临终安养院旨在减轻临终者的痛苦。
The
hospice
aims
to
ease
the
sufferings
of
the
dying.
[知识拓展]
(1)suffer
vi.
遭受(痛苦)；感到疼痛
suffer
from/for/by
受……的苦；遭受
suffer
hunger
挨饿
(2)sufferer
n.
受苦者；受难者
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He
suffers
a
lot
from
his
disability.
②The
pains
and
sufferings(suffer)
caused
by
the
road
accident
were
so
great
that
the
whole
family
couldn't
live
happily.
[小片段填空]
The
villagers
①suffered
from
hunger.The
②sufferings
made
their
life
hard
and
some
③sufferers
had
to
leave
their
home.
知识要点10 run
out(of
sth.)
完成，用完；(某物)被用完，被耗尽
(教材P103)
...unfortunately，we've
run
out
of
time.
……不幸的是我们没时间了。
[例1] Time
is
running
out
for
the
trapped
miners.
被困矿工的时间不多了。
[例2] If
we're
not
careful，we're
going
to
run
out
of
gas.
如果我们不小心使用，我们将会耗尽汽油。
[造句] 问题是我们的钱已经用完了。
The
problem
is
that
we
have
run
out
of
money.
[知识拓展]
run
into
碰撞；遇上；偶然遇到
run
over
(车辆)碾压；匆匆看一遍；浏览
run
after
追逐；追求
run
across
无意间碰到
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①We
went
too
fast
round
the
corner
and
ran
into
a
lamppost.
②He
was
run
over
and
killed
by
a
bus.
③The
dog
was
running
after
a
rabbit.
[名师点津]
“用完”的不同
run
out
of
“用完”，是及物动词短语，表示主动含义，其主语一般是人，可用于被动语态；run
out
“用完”(＝become
used
up)，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词，不能用于被动语态；use
up
“用完”，是及物动词短语，主语一般是人。
Sentence
Patterns
重点句式1 完全倒装
(教材P36)
Then
came
the
total
darkness
of
the
polar
winter.
接着漆黑的极地冬夜开始了。
句式分析：这是一个倒装句，主语是the
total
darkness
of
the
polar
winter，谓语动词为came。倒装的原因是句子的主语太长，为了保持句子平衡而把谓语动词came直接置于主语之前，这种倒装称为完全倒装。
[例1] Then
came
the
hour
we
had
been
looking
forward
to.
我们渴望的时刻终于到了。
[例2] Seldom
in
all
my
life
have
I
met
such
a
determined
person.
我一生中很少遇到意志这么坚强的人。
[造句] 随即传来了一个小女孩的哭声。
And
then
came
the
cry
of
a
little
girl.
[知识拓展]
使用完全倒装句的几种情况：
(1)在以here，there，then，now，out，in，up，down，away，ahead等副词开头的句子中，常使用完全倒装。但是如果句子的主语是代词，则句子不倒装。
(2)表示地点、时间的介词短语放在句首，主语较长又无宾语时，一般要倒装。
(3)为了平衡句子的结构，特别是当主语带有较长的修饰语，谓语部分较短时，更需要倒装。
(4)such置于句首时，such
多被认为是表语。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Under
that
tree
sits(sit)
a
beautiful
girl.
②Present
at
the
conference
were(be)
experts
from
all
over
the
world.
③Such
are
the
facts，no
one
can
deny
them.
重点句式2 have＋sb./sth.＋doing
(教材P36)
He
had
teams
of
dogs
pulling
the
sledges
and
all
his
men
were
on
skis.
他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都装备了滑雪板。
句式分析：句中have
teams
of
dogs
pulling是“have＋sb./sth.＋doing”结构。
[知识拓展]
have
sb./sth.doing
现在分词表示动作的进行和持续，宾语是动作的执行者。
have
sb./sth.do
动词原形表示动作未完成，宾语是动作的执行者。
have
sb./sth.done
过去分词表示动作已经完成，宾语是动作的承受者。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He
had
his
favorite
Alsatian
dog
poisoned(poison)
and
two
other
dogs
in
the
household
shot(shoot)．
②She'll
have
you
doing
(do)
all
the
housework
if
you're
not
careful.
③The
rich
lady
had
the
singer
eat(eat)
with
her
servants.
重点句式3
have
difficulty
in
doing
sth.
(教材P37)
The
next
to
go
was
Captain
Oates，who
was
having
great
difficulty
walking.
接下来离开的是奥茨船长，他行走非常困难。
句式分析：句中have
difficulty
in
doing
sth.表示“做某事有困难”。
[知识拓展]
have
some/much/great/little/no
difficulty(in)doing/with
sth.
＝there's
some/much/great/little/no
difficulty(in)doing/with
sth.
做某事有一些/许多/很大/一点/没有困难
have
a
problem
(in)
doing
sth.
做某事有问题
have
a
difficult
time
(in)
doing
sth.
做某事有困难
have
fun
(in)
doing
sth.
做某事很有趣；从做某事中获得乐趣
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Whenever
we
have
difficulty
with
our
study，our
teachers
help
us
patiently.
②Though
I've
learnt
English
for
several
years，I
have
some
trouble/difficulty/problems
in
communicating(communicate)
with
foreigners.
While
he
was
on
the
way
to
Antarctica，he
received
a
message
from
the
Norwegian
explorer
Roald
Amundsen
which
said
he
was
going
south，too.
[分析] while引导时间状语从句；which引导定语从句，修饰先行词a
message。
[翻译] 在去南极洲的路上，他收到了挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的一封信，信中说他也要南下。
教材
高考
1.Rescue
teams
try
to
save
people
trapped
under
buildings.
(2019·天津)
We
succeed
in
our
field
of
specialization
and
then
become
trapped
in
it.
2.Scott
and
Amundsen
waited
anxiously
for
spring.
(2019·天津)She
was
anxious
to
know
what
had
happened.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．When
I
went
in
the
office，I
found
my
English
teacher
is
busy
preparing(prepare)
his
lessons.
2．My
energy
has
run
(run)
out，so
I
feel
very
tired.
3．No
matter
what
happens，we
should
carry
on
with
our
research.We
should
not
back
out.
4．If
Jimmy
carries
on
working
like
this，he
will
break
down
sooner
or
later.
5．They
had
great
trouble
in
getting(get)
in
touch
with
their
father
abroad.
6．He
had
his
leg
broken(break)
during
the
football
match.
7．Two
robbers
broke
into
her
home，held
a
knife
to
her
throat
and
stole
her
savings.
8．Reports
of
this
kind
are
guaranteed
to
cause
anxiety(anxious)．
9．He
suffered
from
poor
eyesight
and
could
no
longer
read
properly.
10．We
ran
out
of
coal，and
had
to
burn
wood.
Ⅱ.短语填空
on
one's
way
to；breathe
in；all
the
way；in
preparation
for；carry
on；make
progress；at
one
time；get
into
1．She
went
with
me
all
the
way
to
the
station.
2．I
got
into
the
habit
of
calling
in
on
Gloria
on
my
way
home.
3．In
preparation
for
the
discussion，you
will
write
a
discussion
question
for
each
article.
4．At
one
time
the
schools
were
mainly
attached
to
the
church.
5．In
large
cities
people
breathe
in
dangerous
gases
from
cars
and
chimneys.
6．He
was
very
pleased
to
see
that
the
kids
had
made
progress．
7．He
has
been
allowed
to
leave
the
country
and
is
on
his
way
to
Britain.
8．If
you
carry
on
in
that
way，you
will
be
more
and
more
divorced
from
the
masses.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
On
1
June，1910，Captain
Scott
began
his
journey
1.to
the
AntarcticA．At
the
same
time，the
Norwegian
explorer
Roald
Amundsen
was
also
going
south.During
the
polar
summer，both
teams
organised
food
bases
in
2.preparation
(prepare)
for
their
journeys.Amundsen
reached
the
Antarctica
first.Then
he
prepared
for
the
return
journey.Scott
3.finally(final)
arrived
at
the
Pole.They
4.were
shocked
(shock)
when
they
saw
the
Norwegian
flag.Scott
wrote
sadly
in
his
diary：“Well，we
have
now
lost
the
goal
of
our
ambition
and
must
face
800
miles
of
hard
pushing—and
goodbye
to
most
of
our
5.dreams
(dream)．”
The
return
journey
was
one
of
the
worst
in
the
history
of
exploration.The
weather
conditions
were
terrible.Scott
realised
their
6.hopeless
(hope)
situation:
“We
are
very
cheerful，7.but
what
each
man
feels
in
his
heart
I
can
only
guess
...”．Then
a
terrible
storm
started.Scott
spent
some
of
his
last
hours
8.writing
(write)．He
wrote
a
letter
full
of
sadness
to
his
wife.The
news
of
Scott's
death
shocked
9.the
world.He
had
failed
to
win
the
race
to
the
Pole，but
the
extraordinary
courage
10.shown
(show)
by
Captain
Scott
and
his
men
made
them
heroes.
构词法——派生
[观察例句]
1．He
encouraged
me
to
be
a
writer
in
the
future.
2．In
the
past
few
years，Lucy
has
formed
the
habit
of
keeping
a
supply
of
candles
in
case
of
a
power
failure.
3．It
is
natural
that
young
people
are
often
uncomfortable
when
they
are
with
their
parents.
4．Today's
experience
taught
me
some
valuable
lessons
in
my
life.
5．I
love
children
very
much
because
I
always
feel
that
they
bring
great
happiness
and
excitement
to
my
life.
[归纳用法]
(一)前缀
1．表示否定意义的前缀
(1)un?
unfortunate
不幸的
unable
不能够的
uncomfortable
不舒服的
(2)in?
inconvenient
不方便的
incorrect
不正确的
informal
不正式的
(3)im?
impolite
不礼貌的
imperfect
不完美的
impossible
不可能的
(4)il?
illegal
违法的
illogical
不合逻辑的
(5)ir?
irregular
不规则的
irrelevant
不相关的
(6)non?
non?violent
非暴力的
non?profit
非营利的
(7)dis?
dislike
不喜欢
disapprove
不赞成
dishonest
不诚实的
disadvantage
弊端，不利条件
2．表示其他意义的常见前缀
(1)en?
使……
enable
使能够
enrich
使丰富
enlarge
扩大，使变大
endanger
危及
(2)re?
再，又
retell
复述
review
复习
reunite
团聚
(3)mis?
错误
misunderstand
误解
mislead
误导
misread
误读
(4)pre?
在……之前
preview
预习
pre?reading
读前
prehistoric
史前的
(5)fore?
在……前面
forehead
前额
foretell
预言
forecast
预测，预报
(6)inter?
在……之间，互相
international
国际的
interact
互动
interpersonal
人际的
(7)trans?
转变，变换
translate
翻译
transport
运输
transform
转变，改造
(二)后缀
1．形容词后缀
(1)?y
windy
有风的
lucky
幸运的
healthy
健康的
(2)?ly
friendly
友好的
deadly
致命的
lively
活泼的
(3)?al
natural
自然的
national
国家的
personal
个人的
(4)?ive
attractive
吸引人的
effective
有效的
impressive
印象深刻的
(5)?ic/?ical
historic
有历史意义的
energetic
精力充沛的
historical
历史的
(6)?ous
famous
著名的
dangerous
危险的
mysterious
神秘的
(7)?ful
wonderful
精彩的
beautiful
美丽的
hopeful
有希望的
(8)?less
careless
粗心的
homeless
无家可归的
helpless
无助的
(9)?able
comfortable
舒适的
acceptable
可接受的
reasonable
合乎情理的
adaptable
可适应的
2．名词后缀
(1)表示“人”的名词后缀
①?er
cleaner
清洁工
reporter
记者
employer
雇主，老板
②?or
inventor
发明家
actor
演员
visitor
游客
③?ist
artist
艺术家
scientist
科学家
pianist
钢琴家
dentist
牙科医生
④?ess
hostess
女主人
waitress
女服务员
actress
女演员
⑤?ian
musician
音乐家
politician
政治家
historian
历史学家
(2)表示其他意义的常见名词后缀
①?th
truth
真相
strength
力量，强项
width
宽度
depth
深(度)
warmth
温暖
②?dom
freedom
自由
boredom
无聊，厌烦
wisdom
智慧
③?ment
development
发展
achievement
成就
amazement
惊讶
excitement
兴奋
④?ness
happiness
幸福
weakness
弱点
kindness
善良
seriousness
严重性，严肃性
⑤?tion/?sion
competition
竞争
construction
建设
discussion
讨论
conclusion
结论
admission
接纳，准许入学
⑥?ance/?ence
importance
重要性
appearance
出现，相貌
existence
存在
patience
耐心
confidence
信心
⑦?(t)y
difficulty
困难
loyalty
忠诚
cruelty
残忍
safety
安全
responsibility
职责，责任
⑧?al
arrival
到达
approval
赞成，批准
survival
幸存
3．动词、副词后缀
(1)?en
widen
加宽
deepen
加深
weaken
削弱
(2)?ize
apologize
道歉
emphasize
强调
memorize
记住
(3)?ly
slowly
慢慢地
happily
高兴地
extremely
极其地
surprisingly
令人惊讶地
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Thankfully
(thank)，I
managed
to
get
through
the
game
and
the
pain
was
worth
it
in
the
end.
2．The
sightseeing
options
are
endless
(end)，but
most
travelers
begin
on
the
harbor
at
the
Sydney
Opera
House.
3．Ron
had
a
successful
(success)
career
and
worked
for
Ford
before
retiring.
4．Only
in
this
way
can
they
grow
up
to
be
independent
(depend)
and
become
truly
successful
(success)．
5．My
first
impression
(impress)
of
him
was
that
he
was
a
kind
and
thoughtful
(thought)
young
man.
6．A
group
of
robbers
entered
the
building
using
equipment
(equip)
to
dig
holes
and
destroy
walls
on
Sunday
night.
7．Not
knowing
how
to
operate
the
computer
is
one
of
the
disadvantages
(advantage)
in
finding
jobs.
8．News
of
the
robberies
frightened
(fright)
many
people
into
fitting
new
locks
to
their
doors.
9．The
high
school
boys
love
playing
basketball，and
it
is
a
useful
(use)
way
to
release
their
study
pressure
(press)．
10．Anyone，whether
he
is
an
official
or
a
bus
driver
(drive)，should
be
equally
(equal)
respected.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
Professor
Smith，one
of
the
famous
1.educators(educate)，comes
from
a
2.European(Europe)
country.We
all
respect
him
for
his
3.devotion(devote)
to
teaching.He
4.frequently(frequent)
goes
to
gym
to
play
basketball
with
us.After
5.graduation(graduate)，he
6.has
taught(teach)
in
our
school
for
20
years.He
tells
us
that
we
students
should
know
our
own
strengths
and
7.weaknesses(weak)．He
always
8.encourages(courage)
us
to
speak
English
everywhere.With
his
9.assistance(assist)，we
made
rapid
progress
in
our
English.He
leaves
us
a
deep
10.impression(impress)．
PAGE
-
27
-UNIT
5
HUMANS
AND
NATURE
Section
Ⅲ Reading
&
Writing
阅读P41教材课文，选出最佳答案。
1．If
an
earthquake
happens，what
shouldn't
you
do
in
the
classroom?
A．Go
to
the
corner
of
the
classroom.
B．Stay
in
the
classroom.
C．Cover
your
head
and
neck
with
your
hands.
D．Sit
on
the
floor
next
to
a
sturdy
furniture.
2．If
an
earthquake
happens，what
should
you
do
when
you're
outdoors?
A．Move
to
a
building
to
shelter
yourself.
B．Observe
carefully
after
you
move.
C．Find
a
shelter
to
protect
yourself
from
objects.
D．Hold
on
streetlights.
3．If
an
earthquake
happens，what
should
you
do
when
you're
in
a
car?
A．Try
to
stop
under
a
tree.
B．Stay
calm
and
run
out
of
your
car.
C．Try
to
find
some
strong
bridges
to
protect
yourself.
D．Stop
immediately
and
stay
in
the
car.
[答案] 1—3 DCD
Words
and
Phrases
知识要点1 hold
on
抓住；挺住；坚持住；(打电话)别挂断
(教材P41)
Hold
on
to
your
shelter
until
the
shaking
stops.
抓住你的遮蔽物直到摇晃停止。
[例1] HOLD
ON
and
don't
let
go
until
I
say
so.
握紧，我让你松手时再松开。
[例2] The
manager
asked
him
to
hold
on
while
he
investigated.
经理让他稍等一会，他去调查一下。
[造句] 我们的工作是坚持我们的想法。
Our
job
is
to
hold
on
to
the
thoughts
of
what
we
want.
[知识拓展]
hold
up
支撑起；承受住；延迟，阻碍；抢劫
hold
on
to
抓紧；不放开；保留；坚持
hold
back
阻挡；阻拦；隐瞒；控制(情感)
hold
down
压制；限制
hold
out
(在困境中)坚持；伸出；提供；维持；忍耐
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He
was
imprisoned
for
19
years
yet
held
on
to
his
belief
in
his
people.
②Can
you
hold
on
to
those
tickets
for
me?
知识要点2 shelter
vi.
&
vt.躲避；保护n.住处；遮蔽物；避难所
(教材P41)Find
a
shelter
where
you
can
stay.
找一个你能躲进去的遮蔽物。
[例1] The
wall
sheltered
the
soldiers
from
gunfire.
这堵墙挡住了攻击士兵的炮火。
[例2] Human
beings
need
food，clothing
and
shelter.
人类有衣、食、住的需求。
[造句] 我们在一处门廊里避雨。
We
sheltered
from
the
rain
in
a
doorway.
[知识拓展]
shelter
sb./sth.from...
庇护某人/物免受……
seek/take
shelter
from...
躲避……
give/afford
sb.shelter
庇护某人
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/同义句转换
①They
found
shelter
from
the
sun
under
a
tree.
②We
must
find
a
place
to
shelter
(shelter)
from
the
downpour.
③The
protecting
wall
can
protect
our
houses
from
being
flooded.
＝The
protecting
wall
can
shelter
our
houses
from
being
flooded.
知识要点3 observe
vt.观察；观测；遵守；庆祝
(教材P41)
Observe
carefully
before
you
move
away.
在你离开前仔细观察。
[例1] Tom
observed
a
stranger
enter
his
garden.
汤姆注意到一个陌生人进入了他的花园。
[例2] American
forces
are
observing
Christmas
quietly.
美国部队正在悄悄地庆祝圣诞节。
[造句] 他将与家人一起庆祝感恩节。
He
will
observe
Thanksgiving
with
family
members.
[知识拓展]
(1)observe
that...
看到……
observe
sb.do/doing
sth.
看到某人做/正在做某事
(2)observation
n.
注意，观察
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The
policeman
observed
the
man
enter
the
bank./The
man
was
observed
to
enter
(enter)the
bank
by
the
policeman.
②Most
information
was
collected
by
direct
observation(observe)of
the
animals'
behaviour.
[名师点津]
observe用于被动语态时，作主语补足语的不定式要带to。
知识要点4 as
well
as
和；同；又
(教材P43)
It
has
a
total
area
of
270，000
square
kilometres
and
has
two
large
islands(the
North
Island
and
the
South
Island)，as
well
as
other
smaller
islands.
它总面积是270
000平方公里，有两个大岛(北岛和南岛)和另外一些小岛。
[例1] They
visited
some
factories，hospitals
as
well
as
the
school.
他们参观了这所学校，还参观了工厂和医院。
[例2] Television
is
another
major
instrument
of
communication，permitting
us
to
see
as
well
as
hear
the
performer.
电视是另一种主要的通讯电器，使我们能够欣赏和聆听表演者。
[造句] 老人和儿童一样喜欢这部电影。
The
old
people
as
well
as
the
children
like
this
film.
[知识拓展]
(1)as
well
as可连接并列的单词或短语。
(2)as
well
as连接两个谓语动词时，它们的时态应保持一致。
(3)如果as
well
as前面是动词不定式，那么其后的动词也是不定式，但to要省略。
(4)由as
well
as连接的复合主语并不影响谓语动词的数。
(5)as
well
as连接的人称代词既可以是主格也可以是宾格，但句意不同。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It
is
unpleasant
in
summer
as
well
as
in
winter.
②Helen
as
well
as
I
is(be)
eager
to
see
the
performance.
知识要点5 as
a
result结果；由于
(教材P45)
As
a
result，a
decision
is
made
to
kill
the
wolves，...
结果，杀死狼的决定做出了……
[例1] As
a
result，the
bad
thing
has
been
turned
into
a
good
one.
结果坏事变成了好事。
[例2] He
worked
hard
at
his
study.As
a
result，he
passed
the
exam
easily.
他努力学习。结果他轻松通过了这次考试。
[造句] 结果讨论被推迟到了下星期。
As
a
result,
the
discussion
was
put
off
until
the
following
week.
[知识拓展]
result
in
导致，造成
result
from
由于，由……引起
as
a
result
of
由于
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The
earthquake
resulted
in
more
than
2，000
persons'
death.
②Children's
fear
and
dislike
of
books
may
result
from
being
made
to
read
aloud
before
others.
③He
was
ill.As
a
result，he
was
late
for
class.
＝As
a
result
of
his
illness，he
was
late
for
class.
Sentence
Pattern
重点句式 对过去事实进行相反的假设
(教材P45)
If
people
hadn't
taken
the
meat，the
wolves
would
have
left
the
farmers'
sheep
alone.
如果人们不把肉拿走，狼就不会打农民的羊的主意了。
句式分析：本句是一个虚拟条件句，表示对过去事实进行相反的假设；if从句用had
done形式，主句用would/should/could
have
done形式。
[例1] If
I
had
seen
the
film，I
would
have
told
you
about
it.
我如果看过这场电影，我就把电影内容告诉你了。
[例2] Columbus
could
never
have
found
America
if
he
had
not
been
curious.
哥伦布如果不曾好奇，就不会发现美洲大陆。
[造句] 如果我早点到那儿，我就会见到李先生。
If
I
had
got
there
earlier，I
would
have
met
Mr.Li.
[知识拓展]
(1)对现在情况的虚拟，条件句用一般过去时，主句谓语用“would/should/might/could＋动词原形”。
(2)对将来情况的虚拟，条件句中谓语动词可用should
do，were
to
do或动词的过去式三种形式，但意义略有不同。should
do表示的可能性最大，动词过去式的可能性次之，were
to
do的可能性最小。主句谓语用“would/should/might/could＋动词原形”。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①If
I
were(be)
you，I
would
choose
to
work
in
a
small
town.
②If
it
snowed(snow)
tomorrow，our
plan
would
be
postponed.
数字计算题
数字计算题属于细节理解题的范畴，在阅读过程中应该着重把握和数字有关的信息，进行整合，最终得出结果。
[例文]PRIZES：Cash
prizes
will
be
awarded
for
first，second
and
third
place
winners
in
each
of
the
five
categories.Each
first
place
poster
goes
to
the
national
poster
competition.
方法技巧：具体的计算题可以是对年代的计算、月份的计算或比例的计算等。文章中经常会出现许多数字，它们对解题产生一定的影响。解答此类试题的方法是先来理解文章的大意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案。
◆How
many
prizes
will
be
awarded
in
total?
A．3.
B．5.
C．15.
D．20.
[答案] C
请快速计算出下面这段文字中提及的数字。
Boston：Hubway
Station：Tremont
St.&
West
St.
How
much：$6
for
a
24?hour
pass.
How
it
works：The
first
30
minutes
are
included
in
the
pass；$2
for
the
second
30
minutes；$4
for
the
third
30
minutes；later
$8
for
every
half
an
hour.
◆If
you
visit
Boston
by
riding
a
Hubway
bike
for
3
hours，you
have
to
pay________．
A．$6.
B．$30.
C．$20.
D．$36.
[答案] D
[基本框架]
1．开头(beginning)——总体介绍写作目的
2．主体(body)——详细介绍
3．结尾(ending)——总结
[常用词块]
1．tourist
destinations旅游目的地
2．on
holiday在度假
3．with
the
development
of...随着……的发展
4．as
far
as
I'm
concerned就我而言
5．play
an
important
role
in...在……方面起重要作用
6．be
beneficial
to/be
of
great
benefit
to对……非常有益
[常用语句]
★精彩开头
1．I
want
to
introduce
a
wonderful
tourist
destination
to
you.
我想向你介绍一处极好的旅游目的地。
2．Do
you
want
to
know
the
basic
situation
of
the
Expo
Park?
你想知道世博园的基本情况吗？
3．Our
hotel
will
provide
you
with
excellent
service
and
make
your
travel
better.
我们酒店会为你提供优质的服务，让你的旅行更加美好。
★正文佳句
1．It
is
convenient
for
you
to
visit
all
the
tourist
attractions
in
our
city.
你可以更加便利地参观我们城市的所有景点。
2．Our
hotel
is
a
six?storey
building
with
120
rooms.
我们的旅馆是一个拥有120间房的6层建筑。
3．On
entering
the
park，you
will
be
attracted
by
the
colorful
buildings
with
special
shapes
and
decorations.
进入公园后，你会被五颜六色的建筑所吸引，这些建筑有着特殊的形状和装饰。
★余味结尾
1．I
hope
I
can
make
a
good
impression
on
you
and
make
your
trip
convenient.
希望我能给你留下美好的印象，给你的旅行带来方便。
2．Thank
you
for
your
presence
and
look
forward
to
your
next
visit.
感谢你的入住，期待你下次光临。
3．I
hope
you
can
give
us
valuable
advice
so
that
we
can
provide
better
service
in
the
future.
希望你能给我们提供宝贵的意见，以便日后我们能提供更加优质的服务。
一家远足营地(Adventure
Hiking)准备组织一次冒险远足旅行，并希望在互联网上进行宣传。请你用英语为其写一篇宣传稿。主要内容应包括：
1．本次远足活动是为喜欢冒险和远足的人士组织的一次活动；
2．远足要穿过一个大沙漠以考验参加者的体力和耐力；
3．远足将爬一座最大海拔高度为5
000米的高山，并可能遇到一些野生动物；
4．远足组织者将提供良好的住宿并要求参加者携带自己的行李；
5．欲参加者请致电0450－8899432。
注意：词数80左右。
[学生习作]
Adventure
Hiking
Adventure
Hiking
is
the
organization
for
you
to
go
on
a
hike
and
adventure.
To
test
your
strength
and
patience，walk
through
a
big
desert.Climb
a
high
mountain
with
a
maximum
altitude
of
5，000
metres
and
perhaps
you'll
meet
some
wild
animals.After
hiking，you'll
have
a
good
accommodation
at
our
camp.Take
your
own
luggage
with
you.
You'll
have
much
fun
and
learn
survival
skills.Call
us
today
on
0450－8899432.
名师点评：
1．本篇短文内容充实，结构合理，第一段简明扼要地提出主题，第二段就活动的内容进行详细地描述，第三段介绍了活动的益处以及联系方式。
2．能够使用不定式作目的状语，能够使用“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句式使得文章语言更加丰富。
[升格作文]
Adventure
Hiking
If
you
like
both
going
hiking
and
adventures，Adventure
Hiking
is
the
organization
for
you.
Walk
through
a
big
desert
to
test
your
strength
and
patience.Climb
a
high
mountain
with
a
maximum
altitude
of
5，000
metres
and
perhaps
you'll
meet
some
wild
animals.Have
a
good
accommodation
at
our
camp
so
don't
be
anxious
about
your
rest
place
after
the
hiking.Take
your
own
luggage
with
you.
You'll
have
much
fun
and
learn
survival
skills
during
the
adventure
hiking.Please
call
us
today
on
0450－8899432.
假设你是李华，是北京某旅行社员工。你社将于今年冬天举办一个名为“中国行、中国节”的冬令营，现要求你用英文写一篇关于此次冬令营安排的短文。内容应包括：
1．时长：15天；
2．活动：参观北京的一些知名旅游景点、欣赏中国国粹京剧、在北京胡同和当地人一起欢度春节；
3．你的建议。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：京剧Peking
Opera 胡同hutong
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
As
the
saying
goes
“Only
when
you
are
on
the
spot
can
you
understand
her
better”．
If
you
want
to
know
more
about
Chinese
customs，I
think
the
Spring
Festival
is
the
best
time
for
you
to
come，so
you
can
arrange
your
trip
then.
If
you
want
to
know
how
we
Chinese
celebrate
the
Spring
Festival,
you'd
better
live
with
a
local
family
in
Beijing
hutong.
And
you
can't
miss
Peking
Opera,
which
is
an
important
part
of
Chinese
culture.Apart
from
the
Chinese
culture,
there
are
many
places
of
interest
in
Beijing
and
you
will
find
it
worthwhile
to
visit
them,
such
as
the
Palace
Museum，the
Summer
Palace
and
the
Great
Wall.All
the
above
are
included
in
our
15?day
winter
camp.
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