2021年高考英语真题模拟试题专项汇编 7 阅读理解 人生感悟类（含答案与解析）

（7）阅读理解-人生感悟类——2021年高考英语真题模拟试题专项汇编
一、【2021年浙江卷1月，阅读B】
At
the
start
of
the
20th
century,
an
American
engineer
named
John
Elfreth
Watkins
made
predictions
about
life
today.
His
predictions
about
slowing
population
growth,
mobile
phones
and
increasing
height
were
close
to
the
mark.
But
he
was
wrong
in
one
prediction:
that
everybody
would
walk
10
miles
a
day.
Today,
in
Australia,
most
children
on
average
fall
2,
000
steps
short
of
the
physical
activity
they
need
to
avoid
being
overweight.
In
the
early
1970s,
40
per
cent
of
children
walked
to
school,
while
in
2010,
it
was
as
low
as
15
per
cent.
The
decline
is
not
because
we
have
all
become
lazy.
Families
are
pressed
for
time,
many
with
both
parents
working
to
pay
for
their
house,
often
working
hours
not
of
their
choosing,
living
in
car-dependent
neighborhoods
with
limited
public
transport.
The
other
side
of
the
coin
is
equally
a
deprivation:
for
health
and
well-being,
as
well
as
lost
opportunities(机会)for
children
to
get
to
know
their
local
surroundings.
And
for
parents
there
are
lost
opportunities
to
walk
and
talk
with
their
young
scholar
about
their
day.
Most
parents
will
have
eagerly
asked
their
child
about
their
day,
only
to
meet
with
a
“good”,
quickly
followed
by
"I'm
hungry".
This
is
also
my
experience
as
a
mother.
But
somewhere
over
the
daily
walk
more
about
my
son's
day
comes
out.
I
hear
him
making
sense
of
friendship
and
its
limits.
This
is
the
unexpected
and
rare
parental
opportunity
to
hear
more.
Many
primary
schools
support
walking
school-bus
routes(路线),
with
days
of
regular,?
parent-accompanied
walks.
Doing
just
one
of
these
a
few
times
a
week
is
better
than
nothing.
It
can
be
tough
to
begin
and
takes
a
little
planning-running
shoes
by
the
front
door,
lunches
made
the
night
before,
umbrellas
on
rainy
days
and
hats
on
hot
ones-but
it's
certainly
worth
trying.
1.Why
does
the
author
mention
Watkins'
predictions
in
the
first
paragraph?
A.To
make
comparisons.
B.To
introduce
the
topic.
C.To
support
her
argument.
D.To
provide
examples.
2.What
has
caused
the
decrease
in
Australian
children's
physical
activity?
A.Plain
laziness.
B.Health
problems.
C.Lack
of
time.
D.Security
concerns.
3.Why
does
the
author
find
walking
with
her
son
worthwhile?
A.She
can
get
relaxed
after
work.
B.She
can
keep
physically
fit.
C.She
can
help
with
her
son's
study.
D.She
can
know
her
son
better.
二、
【2021年天津卷，阅读B】
About
five
weeks
ago,
I
noticed
the
skin
of
our
pet
lizard
(蜥蜴)was
growing
dusty.
It
worried
me.
I
reported
the
strange
surface
on
the
skin
of
the
lizard
to
my
husband
and
children
the
next
morning.Seconds
later,
our
lizard
emerged
from
its
tank
with
its
old
skin
flowing
behind
it.
I
didn't
think
about
it
much
until
a
morning
last
week
when
I
knocked
my
favorite
teapot
off
the
table.
It
burst
into
hundreds
of
pieces.
As
I
swept
up
the
mess,
I
wondered
why
we
had
been
breaking
so
many
things
over
the
months.
The
destruction
started
three
months
ago.
It
was
my
husband's
birthday.
He
had
just
lost
his
job.
The
uncertainty
was
starting
to
wear
on
us,
so
I
wanted
to
do
something
special.
"Let's
make
a
cake
for
Dad!"
I
cried.
My
kids
screamed
with
joy.
We
baked,
iced
and
sprinkled
for
most
of
the
day.
Candles
on
the
cake!
Balloons
on
the
walls!
Flowers
on
the
table!
Two
hours
before
my
husband
came
back
home
from
another
job
interview,
my
daughter
climbed
up
to
grab
a
glass
vase
from
a
high
shelf.
It
fell
and
crashed
beside
the
cake.
Tiny
pieces
of
glass
were
everywhere.
She
sobbed
loudly
as
I
threw
the
cake
away.
My
husband
had
banana
pudding
for
his
birthday.
Three
days
ago,
the
light
in
our
living
room
suddenly
went
out.
After
several
frustrating
hours
of
unsuccessful
attempts
to
fix
it,
my
husband
suggested
watching
the
Michael
Jordan
documentary(纪录片)series
The
Last
Dance.
The
poignancy
(酸楚)of
Jordan
retiring
from
his
beloved
basketball
to
play
baseball
and
what
had
pushed
him
to
make
such
a
tough
decision
took
me
by
surprise.
As
I
watched
him
take
off
his
basketball
uniform
and
replace
it
with
a
baseball
uniform,
I
saw
him
leaving
behind
the
layer
that
no
longer
served
him,
just
as
our
lizard
had.
Neither
of
them
chose
the
moment
that
had
transformed
them.
But
they
had
to
live
with
who
they
were
after
everything
was
different.
Just
like
us.
I
realized
that
we
have
to
learn
to
leave
the
past
behind.
Humans
do
not
shed
skin(蜕皮)as
easily
as
other
animals.
The
beginning
of
change
is
upsetting.
The
process
is
tiring.
Damage
changes
us
before
we
are
ready.
I
see
our
lizard,
raw
and
nearly
new.
Jordan
said
that
no
matter
how
it
ends,
it
starts
with
hope.
With
our
tender,
hopeful
skin,
that
is
where
we
begin.
1.What
can
we
learn
about
the
pet
lizard
from
Paragraph
1?
A.Its
tank
grew
dirty.
B.Its
old
skin
came
off.
C.It
got
a
skin
disease.
D.It
went
missing.
2.Why
did
the
author's
husband
have
banana
pudding
for
his
birthday?
A.The
birthday
cake
was
ruined.
B.The
author
made
good
puddings.
C.Pudding
was
his
favorite
dessert.
D.They
couldn't
afford
a
birthday
cake.
3.Why
does
the
author
mention
The
Last
Dance
in
the
passage?
A.To
prove
a
theory.
B.To
define
a
concept.
C.To
develop
the
theme.
D.To
provide
the
background.
4.The
underlined
part
"leaving
behind
the
layer"
in
Paragraph
8
can
be
understood
as
_____.
A.letting
go
of
the
past
B.looking
for
a
new
job
C.getting
rid
of
a
bad
habit
D.giving
up
an
opportunity
5.What
does
the
author
most
likely
want
to
tell
us?
A.Love
of
family
helps
us
survive
great
hardships.
B.It's
not
the
end
of
the
world
if
we
break
things.
C.We
should
move
on
no
matter
what
happens.
D.Past
experiences
should
be
treasured.
三、【2021年天津卷，阅读D】
There
is
something
to
be
said
for
being
a
generalist,
even
if
you
are
a
specialist
Knowing
a
little
about
a
lot
of
things
that
interest
you
can
add
to
the
richness
of
a
whole,
well-lived
life.
Society
pushes
us
to
specialize,
to
become
experts.
This
requires
commitment
to
a
particular
occupation,
branch
of
study
or
research.
The
drawback
to
being
specialists
is
we
often
come
to
know
more
and
more
about
less
and
less.
There
is
a
great
deal
of
pressure
to
master
one's
field.
You
may
pursue
training,
degrees,
or
increasing
levels
of
responsibility
at
work.
Then
you
discover
the
pressure
of
having
to
keep
up.
Some
people
seem
willing
to
work
around
the
clock
in
their
narrow
specialty.
But
such
commitment
can
also
weaken
a
sense
of
freedom.
These
specialists
could
work
at
the
office
until
ten
each
night.
then
leek
back
and
realize
they
would
have
loved
to
have
gone
home
and
enjoyed
the
sweetness
of
their
family
and
friends,
or
traveled
to
exciting
places,
meeting
interesting
people.
Mastering
one
thing
to
the
exclusion(排除)of
others
can
hold
back
your
true
spirit.
Generalists,
on
the
other
hand,
know
a
lot
about
a
wide
range
of
subjects
and
view
the
whole
with
all
its
connections.
They
are
people
of
ability,
talent,
and
enthusiasm
who
can
bring
their
broad
perspective(视角)into
specific
fields
of
expertise
(专长).The
doctor
who
is
also
a
poet
and
philosopher
is
a
superior
doctor,
one
who
can
give
so
much
more
to
his
patients
than
just
good
medical
skills.
Things
are
connected.
Let
your
expertise
in
one
field
fuel
your
passions
in
all
related
areas.
Some
of
your
interests
may
not
appear
to
be
connected
but,
once
you
explore
their
depths,
you
discover
that
they
are.
My
editor
Toni,
who
is
also
a
writer,
has
edited
several
history
books.
She
has
decided
to
study
Chinese
history.
Fascinated
by
the
structural
beauty
of
the
Forbidden
City
as
a
painter,
she
is
equally
interested
to
learn
more
about
Chinese
philosophy.
"I
don't
know
where
it
will
lead,
but
I'm
excited
I'm
on
this
pursuit."
These
expansions
into
new
worlds
help
us
by
giving
us
new
perspectives.
We
begin
to
see
the
interconnectedness
of
one
thing
to
another
in
all
aspects
of
our
life,
of
ourselves
and
the
universe.
Develop
broad,
general
knowledge
and
experience.
The
universe
is
all
yours
to
explore
and
enjoy.
1.To
become
a
specialist,
one
may
have
to
_____.
A.narrow
his
range
of
knowledge
B.avoid
responsibilities
at
work
C.know
more
about
the
society
D.broaden
his
perspective
on
life
2.The
specialists
mentioned
in
Paragraph
3
tend
to
_____.
A.treasure
their
freedom
B.travel
around
the
world
C.spend
most
time
working
D.enjoy
meeting
funny
people
3.According
to
the
author,
a
superior
doctor
is
one
who
_____.
A.is
fully
aware
of
his
talent
and
ability
B.is
a
pure
specialist
in
medicine
C.should
love
poetry
and
philosophy
D.brings
knowledge
of
other
fields
to
work
4.What
does
the
author
intend
to
show
with
the
example
of
Toni?
A.Passion
alone
does
not
ensure
a
person's
success.
B.In-depth
exploration
makes
discoveries
possible.
C.Everyone
has
a
chance
to
succeed
in
their
pursuit.
D.Seemingly
unrelated
interests
are
in
a
way
connected.
5.What
could
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.Be
More
a
Generalist
Than
a
Specialist
B.Specialist
or
Generalist:
Hard
to
Decide
C.Turn
a
Generalist
into
a
Specialist
D.Ways
to
Become
a
Generalist
四、【2021年浙江卷7月，阅读A】
Leslie
Nielsen's
childhood
was
a
difficult
one,
but
he
had
one
particular
shining
star
in
his
life—his
uncle,
who
was
a
well-known
actor.
The
admiration
and
respect
his
uncle
earned
inspired
Nielsen
to
make
a
career
(职业)
in
acting.
Even
though
he
often
felt
he
would
be
discovered
to
be
a
no-talent,
he
moved
forward,
gaining
a
scholarship
to
the
Neighborhood
Playhouse
and
making
his
first
television
appearance
a
few
years
later
in
1948.
However,
becoming
a
full-time,
successful
actor
would
still
be
an
uphill
battle
for
another
eight
years
until
he
landed
a
number
of
film
roles
that
finally
got
him
noticed.
But
even
then,
what
he
had
wasn't
quite
what
he
wanted.
Nielsen
always
felt
he
should
be
doing
comedy
but
his
good
looks
and
distinguished
voice
kept
him
busy
in
dramatic
roles.
It
wasn't
until
1980—32
years
into
his
career—that
he
landed
the
role
it
would
seem
he
was
made
for
in
Airplane!
That
movie
led
him
into
the
second
half
of
his
career
where
his
comedic
presence
alone
could
make
a
movie
a
financial
success
even
when
movie
reviewers
would
not
rate
it
highly.
Did
Nielsen
then
feel
content
in
his
career?
Yes
and
no.
He
was
thrilled
to
be
doing
the
comedy
that
he
always
felt
he
should
do,
but
even
during
his
last
few
years,
he
always
had
a
sense
of
curiosity,
wandering
what
new
role
or
challenge
might
be
just
around
the
corner.
He
never
stopped
working,
never
retired.
Leslie
Nielsen's
devotion
to
acting
is
wonderfully
inspiring.
He
built
a
hugely
successful
career
with
little
more
than
plain
old
hard
work
and
determination.
He
showed
us
that
even
a
single
desire,
never
given
up
on,can
make
for
a
remarkable
life.
1.Why
did
Nielsen
want
to
be
an
actor?
A.He
enjoyed
watching
movies.
B.He
was
eager
to
earn
money.
C.He
wanted
to
be
like
his
uncle.
D.He
felt
he
was
good
at
acting.
2.What
do
we
know
about
Nielsen
in
the
second
half
of
his
career?
A.He
directed
some
high
quality
movies.
B.He
avoided
taking
on
new
challenges.
C.He
focused
on
playing
dramatic
roles.
D.He
became
a
successful
comedy
actor.
3.What
does
Nielsen's
career
story
tell
us?
A.Art
is
long,
life
is
short.
B.He
who
laughs
last
laughs
longest.
C.It's
never
too
late
to
learn.
D.Where
there's
a
will
there's
a
way.
五、【2021年天津滨海新区模拟，阅读D】
When
I
was
17
years
old
I
had
surgery
because
of
a
disease.
The
day
after
the
surgery,
I
awoke
to
find
a
friend
of
mine
sitting
in
a
chair
across
from
my
bed.
I
don’t
remember
much
about
his
visit.
But
I
will
not
forget
that
he
visited
me
on
that
day,
and
sat
there
for
I
don’t
know
how
long,
while
I
was
under
the
influence
of
a
morphine
drip
(输液).
We
benefit
greatly
from
our
close
friendships,
but
they
are
not
a
matter
of
calculable
gain
or
loss.
Our
age,
what
we
might
call
the
age
of
economics,
is
strongly
influenced
by
two
types
of
relationships
that
reflect
the
lives
we
are
encouraged
to
lead.
There
are
consumer
relationships,
those
that
we
participate
in
for
the
pleasure
they
bring
us.
They
are
focused
on
the
present.
It
is
what
brings
immediate
pleasure
that
matters.
And
there
are
entrepreneurial(商业的)
relationships,
those
that
we
invest
in,
hoping
they
will
bring
us
some
return.
Aristotle
thought
that
there
were
three
types
of
friendship:
those
of
pleasure,
those
of
usefulness,
and
true
friendship.
In
Pleasure
Friendships,
he
said,
“It
is
not
for
their
character
that
men
love
ready-witted
people,
but
because
they
find
them
pleasant.”
About
the
usefulness
friendships,
he
said,
“Those
who
love
each
other
for
their
utility
(效用)
do
not
love
each
other
for
themselves,
but
because
of
some
good
which
they
get
from
each
other.”
Although
we
benefit
from
our
close
friendships,
these
friendships
are
not
a
matter
of
calculable
gain
and
loss.
Consumer
pleasures
are
lasting
for
only
a
limited
time.
They
surround
us
for
a
short
period
and
then
they
fade,
like
a
drug.
Entrepreneur
friendship,
when
successful,
leads
to
the
victory
of
personal
gain.
It
is
precisely
the
non-economic
character
that
is
threatened
in
a
society
in
which
each
of
us
is
offered
only
the
choices
of
ownership,
shopping,
competition
and
growth.
It
is
threatened
when
we
are
led
to
believe
that
friendships
without
obvious
recognizable
gain
are,
in
the
economic
sense,
irrational
(不合理的)
.
Friendships
are
not
without
reason,
perhaps,
but
they
are
certainly
without
that
particular
reason.
Shared
experience,
not
just
everyday
amusement
or
advancement,
is
the
true
basis
of
friendship.
1.The
author
mentions
his
operation
in
the
first
paragraph
to______.
A.recall
one
of
his
best
friends
B.advise
people
to
visit
sick
friends
C.introduce
the
topic
of
true
friendship
D.talk
about
the
experience
of
surgery
2.Consumer
relationships
center
on
______.
A.the
sharing
of
joy
and
sorrow
B.mutual
support
in
times
of
trouble
C.personal
gain
or
personal
loss
D.immediate
pleasure
3.The
author
tries
to
persuade
readers
to
accept
his
argument
by______
.
A.explaining
three
types
of
friendship
B.discussing
questions
C.analyzing
causes
and
effects
D.providing
examples
and
facts
4.The
author
seems
to
support
the
idea
that______
.
A.friendships
are
a
matter
of
calculable
gain
or
loss
B.there
are
no
specific
reasons
for
friendship
C.short-term
pleasure
is
the
center
of
friendship
D.everyday
amusement
is
the
true
basis
of
friendship
5.The
best
title
for
the
text
would
be
______.
A.Friendship
in
Modern
Times
B.Friendship
in
Economic
Recession
C.Friendship
in
the
Age
of
Economics
D.Friendship
in
a
Fast
Paced
Life
六、
【2021年陕西西安四模，阅读B】
Learning
to
say
“yes,
and”
When
I
first
heard
about
the
improvisation
(即兴交流)
class,
I
was
hesitating.
As
a
quiet
and
shy
girl,
I
feared
improvising
in
front
of
strangers.
However,
I
knew
I
wanted
to
work
as
a
science
communicator
after
finishing
my
Ph.D.
,
so
it
seemed
like
a
perfect
opportunity
to
learn
how
to
speak
and
communicate
with
others
effectively.
I
signed
up,
knowing
the
experience
would
give
me
help.
During
our
first
class,
we
learned
an
important
concept
of
improvisation:
“yes,
and.”
It
means
that,
as
improvisers,
we’d
better
accept
what
fellow
performers
say.
If
someone
says
that
rhinos
(犀牛)
are
librarians,
for
example,
then
rhinos
are
librarians.
We
do
not
question
the
logic;
we
say
“yes”
and
then
continue
with
the
scene
as
if
nothing
is
wrong.
The
first
few
scenes
were
hard,
but
as
weeks
turned
into
months,
I
became
more
comfortable
and
even
started
to
enjoy
our
classes.
I
became
better
at
listening,
relating
to
my
conversation
partners,
and
communicating
clearly
in
the
moment.
Once
when
I
was
giving
a
presentation
about
my
science,
an
audience
member
surprised
me
with
a
question
that
didn’t
grow
out
of
the
information
I’d
presented.
Instead
of
getting
confused
and
nervous,
I
took
the
“yes,
and”
approach
—accepting
the
question
and
letting
my
mind
focus
on
why
it
was
asked.
That
helped
me
find
an
appropriate
answer.
I
got
pretty
excited
about
it.
The
benefits
of
improvisation
go
beyond
communication.
Before
attending
the
class,
I
would
get
stuck
when
my
experiments
produced
unexpected
data,
thinking
that
I
had
made
a
mistake.
But
now,
instead
of
getting
discouraged,
I
will
stay
open
to
the
possibility
that
the
results
are
real,
keep
exploring
the
data
and
end
up
identifying
a
new
type
of
cell—one
that
isn’t
behaving
as
expected.
I
think
all
scientists
can
benefit
from
this
lesson.
If
the
data
say
rhinos
are
librarians,
then
it’s
worth
finding
out
whether
rhinos
are,
in
fact,
librarians.
As
scientists,
our
job
isn’t
to
challenge
data
that
support
a
preconceived
(先入为主的)
story,
but
to
say
“yes,
and.”
1.Why
did
the
author
attend
the
improvisation
class?
A.To
get
a
different
experience.
B.To
finish
her
Ph.D.
at
university
C.To
give
up
her
job
as
a
science
communicator
D.To
improve
her
speaking
and
communicating
ability
2.What
was
the
author’s
change
after
attending
the
improvisation
class?
A.She
formed
her
own
idea
quickly
B.She
came
up
with
lots
of
creative
responses
C.She
paid
more
attention
to
the
logic
of
answers
D.She
became
a
good
listener
before
giving
an
opinion
3.The
author
mentions
applying
the
“yes,
and”
approach
to
her
scientific
experiments
to
______.
A.explain
the
process
of
using
the
method
B.prove
the
benefits
of
the
improvisation
class
C.share
her
own
research
experiences
with
readers
D.attract
fellow
scientists
to
attend
the
improvisation
class
4.What
can
be
inferred
about
scientists
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.They
should
attend
the
improvisation
class
B.They
should
question
all
preconceived
ideas
C.They
should
carry
on
research
by
admitting
earlier
data
D.They
should
try
to
improve
their
professional
knowledge
七、【2021年浙江温州二模，阅读A】
When
Jack
Andraka
was
15
years
old,
he
created
a
new
diagnostic
(诊断)test
for
pancreatic
cancer
(胰腺癌).Jack's
test
is
28
times
faster,
26,000
times
less
expensive
and
over
100
times
more
sensitive
than
the
current
diagnostic
tests.
His
test
earned
him
first
prize
al
the
Intel
International
Science
and
Engineering
Fair,
which
is
like
the
Olympics
of
science
fairs.
???
It
was
after
a
close
family
friend
died
of
pancreatic
cancer
that
Jack
Andraka
became
interested
in
finding
a
better
early-detection
diagnostic
test.
Jack
said
the
solution
came
to
him
during
his
high
school
biology
class.
He
was
secretly
reading
an
article
about
nanotubes
(纳米管)while
the
teacher
was
talking
about
antibodies.
Jack
said
the
two
ideas
came
together
in
his
head,
and
he
thought
he
could
combine
what
the
teacher
was
saying
with
what
he
knew
about
nanotubes
to
create
an
early
detection
test
for
pancreatic
cancer.
???
Jack
Andraka
used
what
he
found
through
Google
searches
and
free
online
science
journals
to
develop
a
plan
and
a
budget.
Jack
contacted
about
200
people
including
researchers
at
Johns
Hopkins
University
and
the
National
Institutes
of
Health
with
a
proposal
to
work
in
their
labs.
He
got
199
rejections
before
he
finally
got
an
acceptance
from
Dr.
Anirban
Mai
Ira,
Professor
of
Oncology
(肿瘤学)at
Johns
Hopkins
School
of
Medicine.
Jack
worked
after
school
every
day,
on
weekends
and
over
holidays
at
Maitra's
lab
until
he
developed
his
test.
???
So,
think
about
Jack
Andraka
the
next
time
you
hear
that
something
can't
be
done.
Or,
if
you
receive
numerous
rejections
(close
to
200
in
Jack
Andraka's
case)
or
you're
simply
hesitating
to
give
one
of
your
ideas
a
shot.
Also,
keep
in
mind
that
you
don't
necessarily
need
a
giant
team,
billions
of
dollars
in
resources
or
even
more
than
15
years
of
life
experience
to
do
something
amazing.
1.Why
did
Jack
decide
to
work
on
the
diagnostic
test?
A.The
existing
test
was
not
widely
used.
B.He
wanted
to
win
a
prize
in
a
science
fair.
C.A
family
friend
died
of
pancreatic
cancer.
D.He
got
inspired
in
his
high
school
biology
class.
2.How
did
Jack
work
out
the
test?
A.By
cooperating
with
Google.
B.By
doing
experiments
in
the
lab.
C.By
conducting
researches
online.
D.By
contacting
about
200
people.
3.In
which
section
of
a
newspaper
can
this
article
appear?
A.Life
Style
&
Trends
B.Hospitals
&
ICUs
C.Inspirational
Stories
D.Interesting
Discoveries
答案及解析
一、答案：1-3BCD
解析：1.目的意图题。文章第一段借Watkins对未来生活的预测来引出文章的话题。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段可知,父母因生活压力忙于工作而缺乏时间,所以导致澳大利亚儿童体育活动减少。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的"But
somewhere
over
the
daily
walk
more
about
my
son's
day
comes
out.
I
hear
him
making
sense
of
friendship
and
its
limits.
This
is
the
unexpected
and
rare
parental
opportunity
to
hear
more."及最后一段中的"but
it's
certainly
worth
trying"
可知,作者认为和孩子一起散步是值得的,是因为她可以倾听孩子诉说自己的事。由此可推知,作者认为和孩子一起散步可以更好地了解她的孩子。
二、答案：1-5BACAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"Seconds
later,
our
lizard
emerged
from
its
tank
with
its
old
skin
flowing
behind
it."可知,宠物蜥蜴的旧皮脱落了。
2.细节理解题。根据第六段第二、三句"It
fell
and
crashed
beside
the
cake.
Tiny
pieces
of
glass
were
everywhere."可知,作者的丈夫过生日吃香蕉布丁,是因为玻璃花瓶掉落,碎片溅得到处都是,从而导致生日蛋糕被毁。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段内容以及最后一段第一句"Jordan
said
that
no
matter
how
it
ends,
it
starts
with
hope."可推知,作者提到这个电影是为了阐明文章主题“放手过去,重新开始”。
4.词义推测题。根据画线部分所在句及该段最后一句"I
realized
that
we
have
to
learn
to
leave
the
past
behind."
可知,作者看见乔丹脱下篮球服,换上棒球服,就像蜥蜴一样脱掉表层的东西,意识到我们必须放下过去。由此可推断,
画线部分表达的意思是“放下过去”。
5.推理判断题。根据文章最后两段内容可推知,作者最有可能想告诉我们无论发生什么,我们都应该继续前进。
三、答案：1-5ACDDA
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段第三句"The
drawback
to
being
specialists
is
we
often
come
to
know
more
and
more
about
less
and
less."可知,成为专家的缺点是对越来越少的事情知道得越来越多。因此会缩小他的知识范围。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Some
people
seem
willing
to
work
around
the
clock
in
their
narrow
specialty...
could
work
at
the
office
until
ten
each
night"可知,这些专家往往花大部分的时间在工作上。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句"The
doctor
who
is
also
a
poet
and
philosopher
is
a
superior
doctor,
one
who
can
give
so
much
more
to
his
patients
than
just
good
medical
skills."可知,作者认为一名优秀的医生可以将其他领域的知识带到工作中。
4.推理判断题。根据第五段第三句"Some
of
your
interests
may
not
appear
to
be
connected
but,
once
you
explore
their
depths,
you
discover
that
they
are."以及下文所举的Toni的例子可推断,作者想通过Toni的例子说明看似不相关的兴趣,如果深入探索的话,在某种程度上是有联系的。
5.标题归纳题。本文主要论述即使你是一个专家,
也应该当一个通才。成为专家固然好,但只研究某一特定领域会导致知识面窄,缺少自由感,而作为通才往往对广泛的学科了解得多,可以通过各事物之间的联系整体看待一件事,从而获得新的视角。因此,A项“做一个通才,而不是专家”为最佳标题。
四、答案：1-3CDD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句"The
admiration
and
respect
his
uncle
earned
inspired
Nielsen
to
make
a
career
in
acting."可知,Leslie
Nielsen的叔叔所赢得的钦佩和尊重激励了他成为像他叔叔那样的人,即成为一名演员。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句"That
movie
led
him
into
the
second
half
of
his
career
where
his
comedic
presence
alone
could
make
a
movie
a
financial
success
even
when
movie
reviewers
would
not
rate
it
highly."可知,在后半段职业生涯中,
Leslie
Nielsen仅凭他的喜剧表演就可以使一部电影获得经济上的成功。由此可知,他成了一名成功的喜剧演员。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句"He
showed
us
that
even
a
single
desire,
never
given
up
on,can
make
for
a
remarkable
life."可知,Leslie
Nielsen
的故事告诉我们,一个人只要坚定一个目标,并且坚持下去,不放弃,就能够成就不同凡响的人生。A项“人生短暂,艺术无涯”;B项“谁笑到最后,谁笑得最好”;C项“活到老,学到老”,即D项“有志者,事竟成”。
五、答案：1.C;
2.D;
3.A;
4.B;
5.C
解析：1.推理判断题.根据文章第一段"We
benefit
greatly
from
our
close
friendships,but
they
are
not
a
matter
of
calculable
gain
or
loss"可知作者提到提到自己的手术是为了介绍话题真正的友谊;所以C选项是正确的.?
2.细节理解题.根据文章第二段"There
are
consumer
relationships,those
that
we
participate
in
for
the
pleasure
they
bring
us"可知消费关系依赖于带来的乐趣;所以D选项是正确的.?
3.推理判断题.根据文章第三段"Aristotle
thought
that
there
were
three
types
of
friendship:those
of
pleasure,those
of
usefulness,and
true
friendship"可知作者通过解释三种友谊来说服读者接受自己的观点;所以A选项是正确的.?
4.细节理解题.根据文章最后一段"Friendships
are
not
without
reason,perhaps,but
they
are
certainly
without
that
particular
reason"可知友谊没有具体的原因;所以B选项是正确的.?
5.主旨大意题.通读全文,可知文章主要讲在一次手术过后一位并不特别熟悉的朋友来关心我,从此建立了特别的友谊,这使作者认识到在友谊并不一定依赖于经济.在经济衰退中也会有友谊;所以C选项是正确的.
六、答案：1.D;
2.D;
3.B;
4.C
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中"As
a
quiet
and
shy
girl,
I
feared
improvising
in
front
of
strangers.
However,
I
knew
I
wanted
to
work
as
a
science
communicator
after
finishing
my
Ph.D.,
so
it
seemed
like
a
perfect
opportunity
to
learn
how
to
speak
and
communicate
with
others
effectively.
I
signed
up,
knowing
the
experience
would
give
me
help.作为一个安静害羞的女孩,我害怕在陌生人面前即兴发挥。然而,我知道我想在完成博士学位后,成为一名科学传播者,所以这似乎是一个学习如何有效地与他人交流和沟通的绝佳机会。我报了名,因为我知道这种经历会给我帮助。"由此可知,作者参加即兴交流课是为了提高她的开口说话的沟通能力。故选D.
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中"The
first
few
scenes
were
hard,but
as
weeks
turned
into
months,I
became
more
comfortable
and
even
started
to
enjoy
our
classes.
I
became
better
at
listening,relating
to
my
conversation
partners,and
communicating
clearly
in
the
moment.开始的几场戏很难,但是几周变成了几个月,我变得更加舒服,甚至开始享受我们的课程。我变得更善于倾听,更善于与我的谈话伙伴交流,更善于在那一刻清晰地沟通。"由此可知,作者参加了即兴交流课之后所发生的变化是她在发表意见之前,先成为了一个好的倾听者。故选D.
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"The
benefits
of
improvisation
go
beyond
communication.
Before
attending
the
class,I
would
get
stuck
when
my
experiments
produced
unexpected
data,thinking
that
I
had
made
a
mistake.
But
now,instead
of
getting
discouraged,I
will
stay
open
to
the
possibility
that
the
results
are
real,
keep
exploring
the
data
and
end
up
identifying
a
new
type
of
cell-one
that
isn't
behaving
as
expected.即兴表演的好处不仅仅是沟通。在上课之前,当我的实验产生了意想不到的数据时,我会陷入困境,认为我犯了个错误。但是现在,我不会灰心丧气,我会接受结果是真实的这种可能性,继续探索数据,最终发现一种新的细胞,它的行为不像预期的那样。"由此可推知,作者提到在她的科学实验中运用"yes,and"的方法,是为了证明即兴交流课的好处。故选B.
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段"I
think
all
scientists
can
benefit
from
this
lesson.
If
the
data
say
rhinos
are
librarians,then
it's
worth
finding
out
whether
rhinos
are,
in
fact,
librarians.
As
scientists,our
job
isn't
to
challenge
data
that
support
a
preconceived
(先入为主的)story,
but
to
say
"yes,
and."我想所有的科学家都能从中受益。如果数据显示犀牛是图书管理员,那么很有必要弄清犀牛是否真的是图书管理员。作为科学家,我们的工作不是质疑那些支持预设故事的数据,而是说"是的,而且。"由此可推知,科学家应该通过承认早期数据来进行研究。故选C.
七、答案：1.C;
2.B;
3.C
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中"It
was
after
a
close
family
friend
died
of
pancreatic
cancer
that
Jack
Andraka
became
interested
in
finding
a
better
early-detection
diagnostic
test.(
Jack
Andraka的一位家族密友死于胰腺癌后,他对寻找一种更好的早期诊断方法产生了兴趣)"可知,杰克决定做诊断测试,是因为家族的一位朋友死于胰腺癌。故选C.
2.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中"Jack
worked
after
school
every
day,
on
weekends
and
over
holidays
at
Maitra's
lab
until
he
developed
his
test.(杰克每天放学后,周末和节假日都会在Maitra的实验室工作,直到他开发出自己的测试)"可知,杰克通过在实验室里做实验开发出了自己的测试方法。故选B.
3.文章出处题。根据最后一段"So,
think
about
Jack
Andraka
the
next
time
you
hear
that
something
can't
be
done.
Or,
if
you
receive
numerous
rejections
(close
to
200
in
Jack
Andraka's
case)
or
you're
simply
hesitating
to
give
one
of
your
ideas
a
shot.
Also,
keep
in
mind
that
you
don't
necessarily
need
a
giant
team,
billions
of
dollars
in
resources
or
even
more
than
15
years
of
life
experience
to
do
something
amazing.(所以,下次当你听到有些事做不到的时候,想想杰克?安德拉卡。或者,如果你收到了无数的拒绝--Jack
Andraka的例子是将近200个,或者你只是在犹豫是否要尝试一下你的想法。此外,请记住,你不一定需要一个庞大的团队,数十亿美元的资源,甚至超过15年的生活经验来做一些惊人的事情)"结合文章讲述了15岁的Jack
Andraka发明了一种新的胰腺癌诊断测试方法,比目前的诊断测试快28倍,便宜26000倍,灵敏度超过100倍。但起初Jack联系了约200人,被拒绝了199次后,他终于收到了约翰霍普金斯医学院肿瘤学教授Anirban
Maitra博士的录取通知。这个故事告诉我们即使被无数次地拒绝,也要不断尝试。可推知,这篇文章可以在报纸的"鼓舞人心的故事"版面刊登。故选C.