外研版（2019）选择性必修四Unit 2 Lessons in life Part 1 Starting out 同步习题 （有答案）

Unit
2　Part
1
Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
【基础训练】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．What's
worse,
having
been
cheated
by
that
company,
he
lost
all
his
________
(财产，财物).
2．Everyone
present
thought
that
the
old
man's
behavior
was
________
(不正常的).
3．The
plan
received
________
(普遍的)
support
throughout
the
country.
4．There
is
a
general
________
(认可)
of
the
urgent
need
for
reform.
5．There's
no
reason
to
be
________
(悲观的)
about
the
future.
Everything
goes
well.
6．He
________
(预料)
something
unusual
would
happen.
7．The
team
has
been
________
(减弱)
by
injury.
8．Only
if
both
sides
accept
these
terms
will
everlasting
peace
be
________
(建立)
in
this
region.
9．My
first
________
(印象)
of
him
was
that
he
was
a
kind
and
thoughtful
young
man.
10．On
further
________
(反思)
I
was
sure
of
that
thing.
Ⅱ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
be
reunited
with,
be
made
up
of,
get
distracted
by,
keep
in
touch
with,
live
life
to
the
full,
ahead
of,
far
from,
get
through
1．Nowadays,
we
can
move
around
the
world
and
still
________________
the
people
that
we
want
to
remain
friends
with.
2．Jessie
was
sad
and
her
friends
helped
her
________________
the
first
awful
week
after
she
was
injured.
3．This
football
team
________________
20
players,
most
of
whom
are
young.
4．________________
charging
consumers
high
prices,
many
of
these
online
services
are
free.
5．After
ten
years,
the
poor
girl
________________
her
family
again.
6．He
________________
the
noise
outside
and
became
very
upset.
7．Basically
there
are
so
many
benefits
of
exercising
that
you
really
can't
________________
without
it.
8．If
we
work
on
the
project
together,
we
should
be
able
to
complete
it
________________
schedule.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．It's
commonly
believed
that
texting
while
driving
causes
________
(distract)
.
2．He
had
changed
so
much
that
you
couldn't
recognize
him.
As
a
matter
of
fact,
illness
and
age
changed
him
beyond
________
(recognize).
3．Lack
of
sleep
can
lead
to
________
(weaken)
immunity
and
memory,
and
also
slow
physical
growth.
4．Defensive
________
(pessimistic)
is
a
strategy
used
in
specific
situations
to
manage
anxiety,
fear
and
worry.
5．In
________
(anticipate)
of
my
assignment,
one
of
my
music
teachers
let
me
perform
for
her
as
a
mini
practice
exam.
6．Despite
the
fact
that
the
disease
is
so
common,
treatment
is
still
far
________
satisfactory.
7．She
probably
has
a
good
mind,
which
should
be
used
________
the
full.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Tuesdays
with
Morrie
Despite
being
1.________
successful
sports
journalist,
Mitch
feels
there
is
something
missing
from
his
life.
This
all
changes
when
he
is
reunited
with
his
favourite
professor,
Morrie.
On
discovering
that
Morrie
2.________
(weaken)
by
a
severe
illness,
Mitch
starts
visiting
him
at
his
house
on
Tuesdays.
The
3.________
(week)
conversations
between
them
result
in
a
series
of
lessons
on
the
meaning
of
life
and
how
best
to
live
it.
Indeed,
it's
a
pleasant
surprise
4.________
(find)
this
book
is
filled
with
joy
and
hope.
Morrie's
bravery
towards
the
end
of
his
life
is
inspirational
and
has
made
me
value
my
own
life
more.
5.________
Morrie
says,
“Once
you
learn
how
to
die,
you
learn
how
to
live.”
While
living,
we
tend
to
get
distracted
by
unimportant
things,
such
as
gathering
material
6.________
(possession).
It's
up
to
us
to
find
out
7.________
is
important
in
our
lives
and
establish
our
own
values.
8.________
(read)
this
book
made
me
feel
as
if
I'd
been
woken
up
from
a
long
sleep
and
finally
opened
my
eyes
to
the
world!
Receiving
widespread
9.________
(recognize),
this
book
does
teach
us
a
lesson
or
two.
One
of
the
lessons
of
the
book
is
to
keep
in
touch
10.________
the
good
people
you
meet
as
you
go
through
life.
【能力提升】
Ⅰ.阅读
Toni
Morrison
was
an
American
writer
who
received
the
Nobel
Prize
in
Literature.
Her
novels,
Beloved,
Song
of
Solomon
and
others
explored
the
way
African?Americans
search
for
freedom
and
identity
in
a
country
obsessed
(受困扰的)
with
skin
colour.
Morrison
was
nearly
40
when
she
published
her
first
novel
The
Bluest
Eye
in
1970.
The
Nobel
Prize
committee
described
her
writing
as
“language
itself,
a
language
she
wants
to
liberate
from
race”.
Her
novels
discussed
America's
past,
focusing
on
black
history
and
the
effects
of
slavery
and
racism.
She
called
her
characters
“the
unfree
at
the
heart
of
the
democratic
(民主的)
experiment”．
In
1988,
she
won
the
Pulitzer
Prize
for
her
novel
Beloved,
the
story
of
a
mother
who
kills
her
baby
daughter
rather
than
permit
her
to
return
to
slavery.
It
became
a
best?seller
and
was
later
made
into
a
film.
Many
Americans
admired
her
as
the
country's
greatest
writer,
including
former
President
Barack
Obama.
She
was
born
in
1931.
She
attended
Howard
University,
an
all?black
university
in
Washington,
DC.
At
Howard,
she
read
African,
British
and
American
literature,
including
writers
William
Faulkner
and
Virginia
Woolf.
After
a
short
marriage,
she
became
a
single
mother
of
two
sons
and
worked
as
a
book
editor
in
New
York.
Several
publishers
rejected
her
first
book
The
Bluest
Eye,
but
it
impressed
The
New
York
Times'
book
critic
(评论家)
John
Leonard,
who
believed
Morrison
was
an
important
new
voice.
He
said
her
writing
was
“so
full
of
pain
and
wonder
that
the
novel
becomes
poetry”．
Morrison
enjoyed
her
literary
fame
and
was
proud
of
her
Nobel
Prize.
1．What
are
Toni
Morrison's
books
mainly
about?
A．Women's
equality
and
rights.
B．The
development
of
America.
C．The
literature
of
America.
D．Black
history
and
racism.
2．Which
of
the
following
helped
Toni
Morrison
receive
the
Pulitzer
Prize?
A．Beloved.
B．Song
of
Solomon.
C．The
Bluest
Eye.
D．The
New
York
Times.
3．Why
is
former
President
Barack
Obama
mentioned?
A．To
show
Barack
Obama's
support
in
literature.
B．To
prove
Toni
Morrison's
greatness
as
a
writer.
C．To
stress
Toni
Morrison's
contribution
to
America.
D．To
remind
readers
of
the
skin
colour
of
Barack
Obama.
4．What
can
we
infer
from
John
Leonard's
words?
A．He
thought
highly
of
Morrison.
B．He
rejected
the
book
The
Bluest
Eye.
C．The
book
The
Bluest
Eye
made
him
painful.
D．Toni
Morrison's
book
was
hard
to
understand.
Ⅱ.七选五
Learning
to
Give
a
Pep
Talk
(激励的话)
Everyone
wants
to
be
the
type
of
person
who
gives
the
critical
talk
that
turns
around
a
friend's
outlook.
However,
giving
a
good
pep
talk
isn't
easy.
__1__
You
need
to
not
only
listen
and
understand,
but
also
stress
the
other
person's
strengths.
You
also
need
to
know
when
to
stop
talking.
“A
lot
of
people
think
they
are
giving
a
pep
talk,
but
they
are
just
saying
what
they
would
want
to
hear，”
says
Stacy
Kaiser,
a
psychotherapist
(心理治疗师)
in
Los
Angeles.
Instead
of
instantly
telling
someone
what
to
do,
ask
him
what
action
he
has
thought
about
taking
and
why
he
thinks
it
will
be
beneficial.
“Don't
jump
right
in
and
insist
‘You'll
be
fine’，”
says
Kaiser.
__2__
Repeat
the
person's
concerns
out
loud,
so
he
feels
heard.
Then,
show
your
friend
that
you
believe
in
him
and
that
he
has
what
it
takes
to
get
through
this
hard
time.
Stress
his
strengths.
__3__
You
can't
guarantee
success,
but
you
can
remind
the
person
that
he
has
been
through
a
tough
time
before
and
has
got
it
through.
At
last,
Kaiser
says
you
must
know
when
to
stop.
“
__4__
Don't
argue
if
the
person
disagrees
with
what
you
are
saying.
Instead,
tell
him
‘I
am
sorry
you
are
having
such
a
hard
time’，
and
then
back
down.”
Kaiser
says
he
has
learned
to
give
good
pep
talks
by
giving
bad
ones.
He
lost
a
number
of
loved
ones
during
a
short
period.
“Timing
is
everything.”
There
is
a
time
to
give
a
pep
talk,
and
there
is
a
time
to
just
listen.
__5__
A．Let
your
friend
have
his
moment.
B．Give
your
pep
talk
and
then
shut
up.
C．Arguing
with
your
friend
makes
no
sense.
D．Show
your
friend
that
you
understand
why
he
is
sad.
E．He
isn't
interested
in
what
his
best
friends
really
need.
F．It
requires
an
understanding
of
what
your
audience
needs.
G．It
is
also
important
to
remember
that
pep
talks
are
about
hope.
Ⅲ.完形填空
In
our
backyard
there
was
a
big
pond
with
lots
of
trees
and
bushes.
Both
my
grandparents
were
fond
of
our
so?called
garden.
One
morning
our
new
neighbor,
an
aggressively
ambitious
businessman,
saw
my
grandfather
__1__
two
rare
deodar
tree
saplings
on
both
sides
of
our
gate.
__2__
he
said
he
had
planted
the
same
tree
saplings
in
his
garden.
My
grandfather
gave
his
plants
__3__
adequate
amount
of
water
and
didn't
give
them
full
__4__
,
while
our
neighbor
interested
in
better
__5__
and
looked
after
them
too
well.
His
plants
were
much
__6__
and
greener.
Normally
in
summer,
we
have
fierce
thunderstorms.
__7__
the
extreme
damage,
these
storms
also
bring
a
welcome
sudden
__8__
from
the
terribly
hot
climate.
After
a
thunderstorm,
we
came
out
to
__9__
the
damage
to
our
garden
and
saw
the
neighbor
in
his
garden,
too,
but
he
looked
__10__
as
his
plants
had
been
uprooted.
Ours
were
standing
__11__
on
the
ground.
Surprised
to
see
this,
he
came
up
to
us
and
said
with
embarrassment,
“My
trees
__12__
from
the
roots
while
yours
didn't.
Why？”
My
grandfather
said,
“You
gave
your
plants
more
attention,
water
and
manure
(肥料),
__13__
they
didn't
need
to
work
for
anything.
I
gave
mine
just
an
adequate
amount,
letting
their
roots
do
the
__14__
;
thus
their
roots
went
deeper
and
became
stronger.”
Our
neighbor
nodded
in
__15__.
Hearing
the
words,
I
realized
that
anything
easily
given
can
be
taken
away
much
more
easily
and
we
will
not
understand
the
hard
work
it
takes
to
earn
those
things.
1．A.moving
B．purchasing
C．delivering
D．planting
2．A.By
the
way
B．By
coincidence
C．On
the
contrary
D．In
contrast
3．A.extremely
B．instantly
C．barely
D．negatively
4．A.force
B．amount
C．review
D．attention
5．A.requirements
B．returns
C．education
D．access
6．A.drier
B．rarer
C．fuller
D．wilder
7．A.Instead
of
B．Regardless
of
C．But
for
D．Apart
from
8．A.addition
B．relief
C．protection
D．awareness
9．A.infer
B．control
C．prevent
D．inspect
10．A.tired
B．upset
C．bored
D．ashamed
11．A.firmly
B．widely
C．fairly
D．flexibly
12．A.came
off
B．put
off
C．took
off
D．showed
off
13．A.so
B．if
C．though
D．unless
14．A.majority
B．opposite
C．sort
D．rest
15．A.total
B．detail
C．approval
D．turn
Ⅳ.语法填空
I
recently
heard
a
story
about
a
famous
scientist.
When
he
1.________
(ask)
why
he
was
able
to
succeed,
he
gave
the
answer.
It
all
came
from
an
experience
with
2.________
mother
when
he
was
about
two
years
old.
“I
was
trying
to
get
a
bottle
of
milk
from
the
fridge
when
I
lost
the
bottle
and
it
fell,
spilling
(溢出)
the
milk
all
over
the
floor—a
sea
of
milk!
I
got
3.________
(frighten)
and
I
didn't
know
what
to
do！”
he
said.
Instead
of
4.________
(punish)
him,
his
mother
asked
him
to
play
in
the
milk
for
a
while.
Then
she
said,
“You
know,
we
failed
in
how
to
5.________
(successful)
carry
a
big
milk
bottle
with
two
tiny
6.________
(hand)
just
now.
Let's
go
out
in
the
yard
and
fill
the
bottle
7.________
water
to
see
if
you
can
discover
a
way
to
carry
it.”
This
famous
scientist
then
remarked
that
it
was
at
that
moment
that
he
8.________
(know)
he
didn't
need
to
be
afraid
to
make
mistakes
9.________
were
actually
opportunities
for
learning
something
new.
Even
if
the
experiment
“doesn't
work”，
we
usually
learn
something
10.________
(value)
from
it.
参考答案
【基础训练】Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．possessions　2.abnormal　3.widespread　4.recognition　5.pessimistic　6.anticipated　7.weakened　8.established　9.impression　10.reflection
Ⅱ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
1．keep
in
touch
with　2.get
through　3.is
made
up
of　4.Far
from　5.was
reunited
with　6.got
distracted
by　7.live
life
to
the
full　8.ahead
of
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．distraction　2.recognition　3.weakened　4.pessimism　5.anticipation　6.from　7.to
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
1．a　考查不定冠词。句意：尽管米奇是一名前程似锦的体育记者，但他认为他的生活中缺少了一些东西。由句意可知，设空处应填不定冠词，且successful以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。
2．is
being
weakened　考查动词的时态和语态。句意：一了解到莫里正在因一种严重的疾病而变得虚弱，米奇就开始每周二去他家看望他。分析句子结构可知，设空处在从句中充当谓语，由句意可知用现在进行时态，且从句主语Morrie和动词weaken之间为被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。
3．weekly　考查词性转换。句意：他们之间每周的谈话产生了一系列关于生命的意义和如何最好地生活的教训。分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语修饰名词conversations，故填形容词weekly“每周的，每周一次的”。
4．to
find　考查非谓语动词。句意：发现这本书充满了欢乐和希望，这的确是一件令人惊喜的事。分析句子结构可知，句中it作形式主语，设空处作真正的主语，应用动词不定式。故填to
find。
5．As　考查非限制性定语从句。句意：正如莫里所说，“一旦你学会了如何死亡，你就学会了如何生活。”分析句子结构可知，设空处应为非限制性定语从句的引导词，指代后面整个主句。故填As。
6．possessions　考查名词的数。句意：当我们活着的时候，我们往往会因为不重要的事情分心，比如收集物质财富。分析句子结构可知，设空处作宾语，应用名词形式，且possession表示“财产，财富”时常用复数形式，故填possessions。
7．what　考查名词性从句。句意：这取决于我们去弄清楚在我们的生活中什么是重要的并且建立我们自己的价值观。分析句子结构可知，7.________
is
important
in
our
lives是一个宾语从句且缺少主语，结合句意可知应用连接代词what。
8．Reading　考查非谓语动词。句意：读这本书让我觉得我好像从漫长的睡眠中醒来，终于睁开了眼睛来看看这个世界！分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作主语，故用动名词形式。
9．recognition　考查词性转换。句意：得到了广泛认可，这本书确实教给了我们一两个教训。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作Receiving的宾语。故填名词recognition。
10．with　考查介词。句意：从这本书中得到的教训之一就是：在你的生活中，要与你遇到的好人保持联系。keep
in
touch
with与……保持联系。
【能力提升】Ⅰ.阅读
1．D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Her
novels
discussed
America's
past,
focusing
on
black
history
and
the
effects
of
slavery
and
racism.可知，她的小说主要是关于黑人历史和种族歧视的。故选D项。
2．A　细节理解题，根据第二段中的In
1988，she
won
the
Pulitzer
Prize
for
her
novel
Beloved可知，帮助她获得普利策奖的是小说《宠儿》。故选A项。
3．B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Many
Americans
admired
her
as
the
country's
greatest
writer,
including
former
President
Barack
Obama.可推知，文中提到前总统奥巴马是来证明托妮·莫里森作为作家的影响力之大。故选B项。
4．A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的．..
John
Leonard，who
believed
Morrison
was
an
important
new
voice.
He
said
her
writing
was
“so
full
of
pain
and
wonder
that
the
novel
becomes
poetry”．可知，约翰·伦纳德对莫里森评价很高。故选A项。
Ⅱ.七选五
1．F　根据空后的“You
need
to
not
only
listen
and
understand,
but
also
stress
the
other
person's
strengths.
You
also
need
to
know
when
to
stop
talking”可知，空处是说给人鼓舞士气，要了解你的听众需要什么。分析选项可知F项“It
requires
an
understanding
of
what
your
audience
needs”符合语境。
2．D　根据空前的“Don't
jump
right
in
and
insist
‘You’ll
be
fine’”以及空后的“Repeat
the
person's
concerns
out
loud,
so
he
feels
heard”可推断出，此处指不要只说“你会没事的”，而是让朋友知道你能理解他的悲伤。故D项符合语境。
3．G　根据空后的“You
can't
guarantee
success，but
you
can
remind
the
person
that
he
has
been
through
a
tough
time
before
and
has
got
it
through”可知，空处所填内容应能给予对方鼓励，并让对方感到有希望。分析选项可知G项中的hope与之呼应。
4．B　根据空前的“At
last，Kaiser
says
you
must
know
when
to
stop”以及空后的“Don't
argue
if
the
person
disagrees
with
what
you
are
saying...
back
down”可知，给他人打气时，如果对方不赞同你的话，要适时闭嘴。分析选项可知B项与本段意义一致。故选B。
5．A　根据空前的“There
is
a
time
to
give
a
pep
talk，and
there
is
a
time
to
just
listen”可知，有时倾听朋友也很重要，这会让朋友感觉这一时刻是属于他的，他在倾诉时有人陪伴。分析选项可知，A项符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
1．D　考查动词词义辨析。move移动；purchase购买；deliver投递；plant种植。根据下文he
said
he
had
planted
the
same
tree
saplings
in
his
garden可知，此处“种植”符合语境。故选D项。
2．B　考查短语辨析。by
the
way顺便说；by
coincidence碰巧；on
the
contrary相反；in
contrast相比之下。结合上下文可知，两个人都种了这种罕见的树苗，这是巧合，故选B项。
3．C　考查副词词义辨析。extremely极其；instantly立即；barely几乎不；negatively消极地，否定地。根据语境可知，上下文之间是对比关系，根据下文looked
after
them
too
well可推测作者的祖父几乎不会给树苗浇充足的水。故选C项。
4．D　考查名词词义辨析。force武力，力量；amount数量；review审查，评论；attention关注。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者的祖父既不给树苗充足的水，也不太关注树苗。故选D项。
5．B　考查名词词义辨析。requirement要求；return回报；education教育；access通道。根据语境可知，作为商人的邻居想要更好的回报，所以把树苗照顾得很好。故选B项。
6．C　考查形容词词义辨析。dry干旱的；rare稀少的；full茂盛的；wild荒芜的。根据空后的and
greener可知此处应选择正向的表达。故选C项。
7．D　考查短语辨析。instead
of代替，而非；regardless
of不管；but
for要不是；apart
from除了。根据语境可知，此处是指暴风雨除了带来破坏，也会带来好处。故选D项。
8．B　考查名词词义辨析。addition附加物；relief缓解；protection保护；awareness意识。结合上下文可知，此处是指暴风雨让干旱的植物得到了水分，这对植物来说是一种缓解。故选B项。
9．D　考查动词词义辨析。infer推断；control控制；prevent阻止；inspect检查。根据语境和常识可知，暴风雨过后要检查受损情况。故选D项。
10．B　考查形容词词义辨析。tired劳累的；upset沮丧的；bored无聊的；ashamed羞愧的。根据下文his
plants
had
been
uprooted可知，此处“沮丧的”符合语境。故选B项。
11．A　考查副词词义辨析。firmly牢固地；widely广泛地；fairly公平地；flexibly灵活地。根据下文My
trees
__12__
from
the
roots
while
yours
didn't.
Why？可知，两家的树苗的状况截然相反，故此处“牢固地”符合语境。故选A项。
12．A　考查动词短语辨析。come
off脱落，脱离；put
off推迟；take
off起飞，脱下；show
off炫耀。根据上文his
plants
had
been
uprooted可知，此处“脱落”符合语境。故选A项。
13．A　考查连词词义辨析。so因此；if如果；though尽管；unless除非。根据语境可知，上下文之间是因果关系。故选A项。
14．D　考查名词词义辨析。majority大多数；opposite相反的人(或事物)；sort种类；rest剩余部分。根据语境可知，此处是指给了树苗一些水和肥料之后，剩余部分就由它们的根来解决。故选D项。
15．C　考查名词词义辨析。total总计；detail细节；approval同意；turn机会。根据空前的nodded可知作者的邻居同意祖父的话。故选C项。
Ⅳ.语法填空
1．was
asked　考查时态和语态。主语he和ask是被动关系，应用被动语态。且根据gave可知，应用一般过去时。故填was
asked。
2．his　考查代词。根据下文他的讲述内容可知，他谈论的是自己的妈妈对自己的影响。且该空修饰名词mother，应用形容词性物主代词his。
3．frightened　考查形容词。get是系动词，后面接形容词做表语。此处表示人的情绪，应用frightened。
4．punishing　考查动名词。所填词做介词of的宾语，应用动名词punishing。
5．successfully　考查副词。修饰动词carry，应用副词successfully。
6．hands　考查名词。所填词前有数词two修饰，应用名词复数hands。
7．with　考查介词。fill...
with...用……装满……。故填with。
8．knew　考查动词的时态。所填词在句中做谓语，且根据上下文时态可知，这是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填knew。
9．which/that　考查定语从句。“
9.________
were
actually
opportunities
for
learning
something
new”是定语从句，修饰名词mistakes，引导词在定语从句中做主语，指物。故填which/that。
10．valuable　考查形容词。所填词修饰不定代词，应用形容词valuable。