外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 6 Space and beyond Part 2 Using language 同步习题（有答案）

Unit
6
Part
2　Using
language
【基础训练】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The
effects
of
weathering
can
be
________
(模仿)
in
the
laboratory.
2．The
mask
she
was
wearing
was
so
________
(逼真的)
that
it
was
quite
frightening.
3．We
should
________
(提交)
our
plans
to
the
council
for
approval.
4．He
died
________
(悲惨地)
in
a
traffic
accident.
5．Once
the
cargo
has
been
shipped,
insurance
can
be
covered
________
(即时).
6．That
new
white
car
bought
by
his
father
is
totally
________
(很好的).
7．China
________
(发射)
the
Long
March
5B
carrier
rocket
successfully
in
May
2020,
which
was
a
great
step
for
a
permanent
space
station.
8．The
burning
of
fossil
fuels
results
in
the
pollution
of
the
________
(大气).
9．She
felt
more
than
usually
hungry
after
her
________
(远足).
10．His
public
________
(形象)
is
very
different
from
the
real
person.
Ⅱ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
set
out,
send
back,
no
wonder,
bring...back
to,
what's
more,
grow
up,
sign
up,
take
in,
make
contact
with,
apply
for
1．When
you
________________
on
a
long
walk,
remember
to
wear
suitable
boots.
2．Professor
Hawking
said
humans
should
be
wary
of
trying
to
________________
other
alien
life
forms
as
we
could
not
be
sure
whether
they
would
be
friendly
or
not.
3．The
game
is
challenging
and
________________，
it's
exciting.
4．As
she
________________
gradually,
she
became
more
and
more
outgoing.
5．Gazing
at
his
eyes,
she
seemed
to
________________
all
he
said.
6．What
qualifications
should
I
have
to
________________
this
job?
7．My
teacher
asked
me
why
I
didn't
________________
for
the
important
competition.
8．The
exploration
spacecraft
launched
in
2003
________________
thousands
of
live
pictures
of
Mars.
9．The
beauty
of
flowers
is
immerse
and
________________
many
designers
and
artists
use
these
patterns
of
flowers
within
their
artworks.
10．Even
if
dinosaurs
were
________________
life,
they
probably
could
not
survive
in
the
present?day
environment.
Ⅲ.用适当的情态动词填空
1．Whales
breathe
through
lungs
just
as
we
humans
do,
so
they
________
come
up
for
air.
2．I
knew
she
________
be
in
because
I
heard
the
radio,
but
she
didn't
open
the
door.
3．He
is
ill
today.
So
he
________
not
go
to
school.
4．You
________
have
seen
Mary
at
the
meeting
this
morning,
because
she
left
for
Beijing
yesterday.
5．She
said
she
________
visit
me
today,
but
she
was
not
sure.
6．Only
by
talking
face
to
face
________
we
have
the
chance
to
persuade
him
to
change
his
mind.
7．—It
is
very
hot
here
in
summer.
—Yes,
the
temperature
________
be
above
40
degrees
centigrade
in
July.
8．There
was
plenty
of
time.
She
________
have
hurried.
9．You
have
made
so
many
mistakes.
You
________
be
careful
next
time.
10．—Must
I
finish
the
homework
first?
—No,
you
________．
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我们本来没必要买这么多食物和饮料，因为埃米莉不会来和我们吃晚饭了。
________________________________
so
much
food
and
drink
now
that
Emily
won't
be
with
us
for
dinner.
2．你无法想象一个举止有度的绅士竟会对一位女士如此粗鲁。
You
can't
imagine
that
a
well?behaved
gentleman
__________________________________．
3．完成了所有的工作，我昨天晚上本可以去参加聚会的。
With
all
the
work
finished,
I
________________________________
last
night.
4．我今天本没必要去工作。老板根本没来。
I
________________________________
today.
The
boss
didn't
show
up
at
all.
5．你本不应该取笑他的。他是你学习而不是嘲笑的对象。
You
________________________________
fun
of
him.
He
is
not
the
one
you
laugh
at
but
learn
from.
【能力提升】
Ⅰ.阅读
A
When
I
first
started
taking
photographs
of
the
night
sky,
I
never
thought
I'd
end
up
doing
it
for
a
living.
I'd
always
been
interested
in
photography.
I
used
to
drive
my
family
and
friends
crazy
because
I
was
always
taking
photographs
of
them.
Then
one
day
I
saw
a
poster
of
the
Earth
taken
from
outer
space.
Posters
like
that
were
really
popular
in
the
1970s.
I
had
seen
lots
of
them,
but
there
was
something
different
about
this
one.
It
attracted
me
and
it
ended
up
changing
my
life!
It
hasn't
always
been
easy
though.
I
remember
trying
to
take
a
picture
of
the
Comet
Hale?Bopp
for
a
photography
competition
in
1997.
I
checked
with
the
experts
at
the
local
weather
station
to
make
sure
they
weren't
expecting
clouds
or
strong
winds.
At
3：30
am
I
set
the
camera
on
a
tripod
(三脚架)
in
my
garden,
and
then
I
began
the
countdown
to
4：00
am,
when
the
comet
was
scheduled
to
appear.
I
recall
thinking,
“If
everything
goes
as
planned,
the
photo
will
show
the
comet
as
a
line
of
light
moving
across
a
background
of
stars.”
But
suddenly
everything
was
terribly
wrong!
At
3：59
am,
just
as
I
was
making
the
final
adjustments,
out
the
bushes
came
a
streak
(色条)
of
black
heading
straight
for
my
feet,
and
before
I
knew
it,
the
camera,
the
tripod
and
I
were
on
the
ground!
The
streak
of
black
was
my
neighbour's
cat
Tiddles
out
for
his
late?night
exercise,
and
he
had
ruined
the
only
chance
I
had
for
the
next
2，000
years
of
taking
photographs
of
the
spectacular
(壮观的)
comet!
Missed
photo
opportunities
aside,
astrophotography
is
a
great
job,
and
it
can
also
be
an
enjoyable
hobby.
Surprisingly
enough,
you
don't
need
any
special
equipment:
just
a
35
mm
camera,
a
tripod
and
some
slow?speed
film.
But
you
must
remember
to
take
care
of
your
equipment.
1．What
does
the
author
mainly
describe
in
the
text?
A．How
he
was
trained
to
be
a
weather
expert.
B．How
he
took
photographs
for
posters.
C．How
he
took
photographs
of
people.
D．How
he
became
an
astrophotographer.
2．What
changed
the
author
completely?
A．Taking
family
photographs
for
a
living.
B．Taking
up
astrophotography
as
a
hobby.
C．An
attractive
poster
of
the
Earth
taken
from
outer
space.
D.A
popular
photograph
of
the
comet.
3．What
can
we
learn
from
the
text?
A．The
author
wanted
to
take
a
picture
of
the
comet
for
a
competition.
B．The
author
showed
people
how
the
comet
moved
across
the
sky.
C．The
comet
was
expected
to
appear
at
3：30
am.
D．The
comet
once
appeared
in
the
year
of
2000.
4．What
destroyed
the
author's
last
opportunity
to
take
the
picture
of
the
comet?
A．Unexpected
clouds.
B．A
line
of
light.
C．A
neighbour's
cat.
D．Strong
winds.
B
Launching
people
into
space
may
make
the
headlines
but
it
is
little
useful
for
science.
So
when
George
Bush
redirected
America's
space
agency,
NASA,
away
from
scientific
research
and
towards
a
manned
return
to
the
moon,
many
scientists
were
disappointed.
Now
the
agency
has
finally
offered
some
small
morsels
of
comfort
in
the
form
of
four
projects
that
could
accompany
efforts
for
a
lunar
return.
The
most
exciting
of
these
is
the
plan
for
a
radio
telescope
that
could
be
placed
on
the
far
side
of
the
moon.
Such
a
device
would
look
back
at
the
early
universe
to
the
time
when
large?scale
structures
such
as
galaxies
and
stars
formed.
A
lunar?based
radio
telescope
would
be
able
to
detect
long
wavelengths
that
cannot
be
sensed
on
Earth
because
they
are
absorbed
by
the
outermost
layers
of
the
planet's
atmosphere.
Moreover
by
pointing
the
telescope
away
from
the
din
of
shorter?wavelength
radio
waves
that
are
used
for
communication
on
Earth,
astrophysicists
would
be
able
to
see
the
early
universe
in
unprecedented
detail.
Finding
alien
life
might
also
be
possible
with
such
a
telescope.
It
would
be
able
to
map
the
magnetic
fields
of
stars
and
exoplanets.
It
is
the
magnetic
field
of
the
Earth
that
protects
its
inhabitants
from
being
bombarded
by
high?energy
particles
from
space
that
would
otherwise
leave
the
planet
sterile.
Detecting
a
magnetic
field
surrounding
an
Earth?like
exoplanet
would
prove
a
promising
sign
for
finding
extraterrestrial
life.
The
proposal,
led
by
Joseph
Lazio,
of
the
Naval
Research
Laboratory
in
Washington,
DC,
is
to
create
an
array
of
three
arms
arranged
in
a
Y?shape,
each
of
which
would
be
500
metres
long
and
contain
16
antennae.
Each
arm
would
be
made
of
a
plastic
film
that
could
be
rolled
out
onto
the
surface
of
the
moon,
either
by
robots
or
by
astronauts.
A
second
project,
headed
by
Michael
Collier,
of
the
NASA
Goddard
Space
Flight
Centre,
would
examine
how
the
solar
wind—a
stream
of
charged
particles
ejected
from
the
sun—interacts
with
the
tenuous
lunar
atmosphere
close
to
the
moon's
surface.
Such
bombardment
produces
low?energy
X?rays
that
would
be
detected
on
the
surface
of
the
moon.
The
third
and
fourth
projects
are
similar
both
to
each
other
and
to
earlier
ventures
dropped
on
the
moon
by
the
Apollo
and
the
Soviet
Luna
missions
in
the
late
1960s
and
1970s.
Some
35
years
on,
reflectors
placed
on
the
lunar
surface
are
still
used
by
scientists
interested
in
geophysics
and
geodesy.
Most
of
the
reflectors
are
clustered
close
to
the
lunar
equator.
The
proposals,
led
by
Stephen
Merkowitz,
also
of
NASA's
Goddard
Space
Flight
Centre,
and
Douglas
Currie,
of
the
University
of
Maryland,
are
to
sprinkle
some
more
sophisticated
versions
over
more
of
the
moon's
surface.
Such
efforts
may
attract
little
attention
compared
with
the
launch
of
the
space
shuttle
Endeavour
this
week.
Nevertheless,
when
NASA
argues
that
putting
people
into
space
inspires
young
people
to
study
science,
it
is
precisely
these
endeavours
that
it
wishes
to
encourage.
5．By
“Launching
people
into
space
may
make
the
headlines
but
it
is
little
useful
for
science.”
(in
Paragraph
1),
the
author
means
________．
A．launching
people
into
space
is
very
important
B．newspaper
only
cares
about
whether
humans
can
travel
into
space
C．humans'
travel
to
outer
space
is
against
scientific
rules
D．launching
people
into
space
is
not
of
great
scientific
value
6．The
most
distinctive
feature
of
a
lunar?based
radio
telescope
mentioned
in
the
second
paragraph
is
that
________．
A.it
is
able
to
capture
long
wavelengths
B．it
possesses
better
functions
than
the
telescopes
on
Earth
C．it
can
escape
from
the
magnetic
field
of
the
Earth
D．it
can
detect
all
galaxies
in
the
universe
7．How
does
the
author
feel
about
the
four
new
moon
plans?
A．Objective.
B．Affirmative.
C．Carefree.
D．Opposed.
8．To
which
of
the
following
is
the
author
likely
to
agree?
A．The
radio
telescope
will
be
able
to
find
extraterrestrial
life.
B．The
second
project
focuses
on
the
interaction
between
solar
wind
and
Earth's
atmosphere.
C．Joseph
Lazio's
proposal
is
part
of
the
radio
telescope
project.
D．The
four
projects
are
closely
related
to
the
recently
launched
space
shuttle
Endeavour.
Ⅱ.七选五
The
importance
of
self?improvement
often
goes
unnoticed.
Truth
is—you
can't
run
away
from
yourself.
The
idea
should
be
to
focus
on
continuous
self?development
at
every
stage
of
life.
__1__.
Increase
self?awareness
The
first
step
of
self?improvement
asks
you
to
become
more
self?aware.
Self?awareness
is
an
ongoing
journey.
As
life
goes
on,
you
meet
with
different
experiences
and
challenges.
__2__.
To
be
on
the
path
of
self?improvement,
it's
important
to
never
lose
touch
with
yourself.
Improve
strengths
(优点)
Self?improvement
lets
you
identify
your
personal
strengths.
__3__.
It
gives
you
a
better
understanding
of
what
you
are
seeking
and
where
you
are
likely
to
thrive
(繁荣，兴旺).
It
helps
you
set
life
goals
and
make
them
happen.
Step
out
of
the
comfort
zone
Choosing
to
work
on
improving
yourself
requires
you
to
step
out
of
your
comfort
zone.
It
lets
you
face
your
fears,
try
new
things,
and
challenge
yourself.
There
will
be
times
when
you'll
discover
a
new
side
of
your
personality.
__4__.
Don't
let
failures
get
you
frustrated.
And
never
get
too
comfortable
in
familiar
spaces
because
life
begins
outside
your
comfort
zone.
__5__
People
who're
invested
in
their
continuous
self?improvement
come
with
an
extremely
positive
attitude
towards
learning.
Instead
of
being
ignorant
and
escaping
from
their
problems,
they
make
it
a
point
to
learn
from
their
mistakes
to
grow
and
succeed.
This
is
a
wonderful
quality
to
have
as
having
a
learning
attitude
is
instrumental
in
achieving
success.
A．Improve
mental
health
B．Develop
a
learning
attitude
C．And
knowing
your
strengths
is
important
D．However,
there
will
also
be
times
when
you'll
fail
E．They
make
you
more
aware
of
your
personality,
thoughts
and
feelings
F．After
all,
you
can
only
achieve
what
you
want
when
you
know
what
you
want
G．Here
are
some
tips
on
self?improvement
Ⅲ.语法填空
On
the
Earth,
everyone
has
a
home.
While
in
space,
there
is
also
a
home.
It
is
nearly
as
big
as
a
soccer
field
and
1.________
(large)
than
a
six?bedroom
house.
It
is
the
International
Space
Station
(ISS)
.
The
ISS
is
home
to
astronauts.
2.________
(usual),
there
are
three
to
six
astronauts
on
board.
Astronauts
in
the
space
station
are
very
busy
3.________
(do)
many
science
experiments
in
biology
and
physics.
They
study
the
effects
4.________
the
human
body
after
long
exposure
to
microgravity.
Sometimes
they
go
on
spacewalks
to
work
outside
the
station.
As
a
groundbreaking
scientific
research
facility,
the
ISS
5.________
(benefit)
people
on
the
Earth.
Robots
on
the
ISS
have
inspired
medical
technology.
Now
it
is
possible
for
patients
6.________
(receive)
certain
surgery
by
a
robotic
arm,
7.________
performs
better
than
humans.
The
ISS
also
helps
to
watch
the
Earth's
ecosystems
8.________
warns
us
of
volcano
eruptions
and
earthquakes.
In
the
future,
space
will
be
home
to
more
9.________
(station)
like
the
ISS.
China
is
also
planning
to
build
10.________
(it)
own
space
station,
and
the
launch
of
Tiangong?1
in
2011
was
the
first
step.
It
is
expected
that
China
will
complete
the
space
station
by
2023.
参考答案
【基础训练】Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．simulated　2.lifelike　3.submit　4.tragically　5.instantaneously
6．awesome　7.launched　8.atmosphere　9.excursion　10.image
Ⅱ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
1．set
out　2.make
contact
with　3.what's
more　4.grew
up
5．take
in　6.apply
for　7.sign
up　8.sent
back　9.no
wonder　10.brought
back
to
Ⅲ.用适当的情态动词填空
1．must　2.must　3.may/might　4.couldn't　5.might
6．can　7.can　8.needn't　9.should　10.needn't
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．We
needn't
have
bought　2.should
be
so
rude
to
a
lady
3．could
have
gone
to
the
party　4.needn't
have
gone
to
work
5．shouldn't/ought
not
to
have
made
【能力提升】Ⅰ.阅读
A
1．D　主旨大意题。综观全文可知，作者从看到一张从外太空拍摄的地球照片开始对拍摄天体感兴趣，重点讲述了自己拍摄彗星时遇到的趣事，文章最后总结天体摄影是有趣的工作。由此可见全文主要讲述作者成为天体摄影师的过程。故选D项。
2．C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Then
one
day
I
saw
a
poster
of
the
Earth
taken
from
outer
space.
Posters
like
that
were
really
popular
in
the
1970s.
I
had
seen
lots
of
them,
but
there
was
something
different
about
this
one.
It
attracted
me
and
it
ended
up
changing
my
life！”可知，一张从外太空拍摄的地球的海报照片吸引了作者，并改变了他的人生。故选C项。
3．A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I
remember
trying
to
take
a
picture
of
the
Comet
Hale?Bopp
for
a
photography
competition
in
1997.”可知，作者为了摄影大赛要拍摄一张海尔?波普彗星的照片。故选A项。
4．C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The
streak
of
black
was
my
neighbour's
cat
Tiddles
out
for
his
late?night
exercise,
and
he
had
ruined
the
only
chance
I
had
for
the
next
2，000
years
of
taking
photographs
of
the
spectacular
comet！”可知，邻居的猫出来活动，破坏了作者在接下来的2
000年里拍摄到壮观的彗星的唯一机会。故选C项。
B
5．D　推理判断题。文章第一句话的意思是，把人送入太空也许能成为头条新闻，但是对科学研究却没有多大帮助。故选D项。
6．A　细节理解题。文章第二段提到，该射电望远镜的最大特点在于能够探测到那些无法在地球表面被检测到的长波。
7．B　推理判断题。文章第二段中的“The
most
exciting”说明了作者的支持态度。同样，最后一段中作者对这些月球计划所代表的“奋进”精神大加赞赏，同样表达了一种支持的态度。
8．C　细节理解题。A选项错误的原因在于寻找外星人只是一种可能性，至于结果是不确定的。B选项错误的原因在于该研究定位于太阳风和月球稀薄的大气层之间的关系，而不是和地球大气层的关系。D选项错误的原因在于这四项研究与“奋进”号航天飞机并没有很大的关系。
Ⅱ.七选五
1．G　上文说自我完善的重要性往往被忽视，而真相是你不能逃避自己。本段是文章的第一段，引出话题——以下就是一些针对自我完善的建议。故选G。
2．E　本段小标题是Increase
self?awareness(提高自我认知)，而E选项中的They指代的就是上文的“different
experiences
and
challenges”。由此可知，随着生活的继续，你会遇到不同的经历和挑战，是它们使你更了解你的个性、思想和情感。故选E。
3．C　上文提到自我完善让你识别你的个人优势，由此可知，C项“了解你的优势很重要”切题。注意这里有同一个关键词strengths。故选C。
4．D　下文说：不要让失败使你沮丧。D项“然而，也会有你失败的时候”合乎上下文逻辑，注意这里有关键词failures和fail。故选D。
5．B　本题是选择段落标题。本段主要讲了那些致力于不断地自我完善的人，对学习有着极其积极的态度。所以，培养学习态度是最佳选项。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
1．larger　考查比较级。句意：它几乎和一个足球场一样大，比一栋有六间卧室的房子还要大。根据空后的than判断，应填large的比较级。
2．Usually　考查副词。句意：通常，飞船上有三到六名宇航员。设空处作句子的状语，意为“通常”，用副词Usually。
3．doing　考查非谓语动词。句意：太空站的宇航员正忙着做许多生物和物理方面的科学实验。be
busy
doing
sth.“忙于做某事”，是固定短语。
4．on　考查介词。句意：他们研究长期暴露在微重力环境下对人体的影响。the
effect
on意为“对……的影响”，是固定用法。
5．benefits　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：作为一项开创性的科研设施，国际空间站造福了地球上的人们。设空处作句子的谓语，主语是ISS，且联系上下文可知用一般现在时。故用benefits。
6．to
receive　考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，病人可以通过机械手臂接受某些手术，这比人类的表现更好。it是形式主语，故填动词不定式作真正的主语。
7．which　考查定语从句。所填词引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词是a
robotic
arm。故用which。
8．and　考查连词。句意：国际空间站还有助于观察地球的生态系统，并提醒我们注意火山爆发和地震。所填词连接并列的谓语helps和warns。故填and。
9．stations　考查名词的复数。句意：在未来，太空将成为更多像国际太空站这样的太空站的家园。由more可知，应用复数形式。
10．its　考查代词。句意：中国还计划建造自己的太空站，2011年发射的天宫一号是第一步。one's
own“某人自己的”，是固定用法。