2022届高三英语二轮复习时事完形填空之中美关系、阿富汗问题【word版含答案解析】

Ⅰ.
Cloze
The
images
from
Afghanistan
1
in
Washington
this
week
have
been
of
collapse
and
evacuation:
the
inside
of
a
military
cargo
plane,
filled
with
more
than
six
hundred
Afghan
evacuees,
who
are
ready
to
withdrawal,
sitting
on
the
floor
and
grasping
straps;
a
little
girl
with
a
pink
backpack
being
handed
over
a
wall,
with
hopes
of
escaping;
hundreds
of
Afghans
2
a
departing
cargo
plane
on
the
runway
at
Hamid
Karzai
International
Airport,
as
if
they
might
grab
hold
of
it
and
be
lifted
away.
“Please
don’t
leave
us
behind,”
an
Afghan
Air
Force
pilot
pleaded,
via
the
news
network
the
Bulwark,
speaking
3
many
who
were
undeniably
being
left
behind.
“We
will
be
great
Americans.”
In
the
U.S.,
some
of
the
deepest
4
came
from
people
who
had
poured
themselves
into
this
project.
“We
were
overly
optimistic
and
largely
made
things
up
as
we
went
along,”
Mike
Jason,
a
retired
Army
colonel
who
trained
Afghan
police,
wrote
in
The
Atlantic
last
week.
“We
didn’t
like
oversight
or
tough
questions
from
Washington,
and
no
one
really
bothered
to
hold
us
accountable
anyway.”
The
U.S.
Department
of
Veterans
Affairs,
whose
functions
are
related
to
retired
soldiers,
5
that
the
low
mood
might
grow
even
deeper
and
more
6
,
sent
out
a
suicide-prevention
blast:
“Veterans
may
question
the
meaning
of
their
service
or
whether
it
was
worth
the
sacrifices
they
made.
They
may
feel
more
moral
distress.”
These
feelings,
the
V.A.
noted,
were
normal.
“You
are
not
alone.”
That
so
many
in
Washington
were
seeing
the
same
images,
and
reacting
in
many
of
the
same
ways,
had
a
strange-bedfellows
effect
on
politics
this
week.
This
past
Sunday,
on
MSNBC,
Representative
Barbara
Lee,
the
only
congressperson
who
voted
against
the
Authorization
for
Use
of
Military
Force,
explained
what
this
week’s
events
proved
to
her.
“There
is
no
military
solution,
7
,
in
Afghanistan,”
she
said.
“We
have
been
there
twenty
years.
We
have
spent
over
a
trillion
dollars.
And
we
have
trained
over
three
hundred
thousand
of
the
Afghan
forces.”
On
Twitter,
you
could
find
a
very
similar
8
coming
from
a
former
senior
Trump
defense
official,
Elbridge
Colby,
who
wrote,
“We
Americans
are
just
not
good
at
9
.
Many
of
the
same
pathologies（病态行为）characterized
our
effort
in
Vietnam.”
This
week,
one
line
coming
out
of
the
Afghanistan
crisis
was
that
the
American
era
was
over,
that
the
U.S.
was
a
punished
and
exposed
power.
To
listen
to
the
China
hawks（强硬派）was
to
hear
an
opposite
contention:
that
the
10
of
American
intervention
ran
deep,
and
were
politically
11
,
and
were
not
likely
to
be
so
simply
12
.
When
I
asked
Colby
what
he
thought
united
the
changing
Republican
Party
with
the
Sino-U.S.
13
,
he
said
that
to
him
it
was
a
story
of
disempowerment.
The
Republican
story
post-Trump,
he
told
me,
was
“
‘We’ve
been
deindustrialized,
we
have
economic
insecurity,
there’s
these
élites’—there’s
a
disempowering
function
going
on.”
Colby
said
he
detected
in
these
politics
an
“anti-hegemonic”（反霸权）
tone
that
echoed
the
fear
of
China.
Like
a
lot
of
what
Colby
said,
that
claim
struck
me
as
smart
and
interesting
but
a
little
14
.
The
real
situation
seemed
more
basic.
As
U.S.
involvement
in
Afghanistan
ends,
a
hawkishness
on
China
is
15
,
in
some
expected
places
and
some
unexpected
ones,
and
we
might
soon
find
ourselves
managing
claims
about
the
necessity
of
war
all
over
again.
A.
lying
B.
circulating
C.
originating
D.
preparing
A.
praying
B.
seeking
C.
taking
D.
chasing
A.
on
behalf
of
B.
instead
of
C.
despite
of
D.
in
favor
of
A.
enthusiasm
B.
angers
C.
depressions
D.
optimism
A.
opposing
B.
denying
C.
boasting
D.
anticipating
A.
disastrous
B.
constructive
C.
negative
D.
unexpected
A.
luckily
B.
unfortunately
C.
excitedly
D.
accurately
A.
viewpoint
B.
opposition
C.
outline
D.
summary
A.
Islamism
B.
economy
C.
development
D.
imperialism
A.
benefits
B.
merits
C.
patterns
D.
decline
A.
similar
B.
various
C.
irrelevant
D.
expected
A.
rebuilt
B.
inherited
C.
removed
D.
distinguished
A.
affairs
B.
warship
C.
cooperation
D.
friendship
A.
enlightening
B.
inspiring
C.
overelaborate
D.
weak
A.
decreasing
B.
right
C.
emerging
D.
appealing
(Will
the
Next
American
War
Be
with
China?
-
New
Yorker
August
19,
2021;
Subject:
International
Affairs,
Sino-U.S.
relationship,
Politics)
【答案】1-5
BDACD
6-10
ABADC
11-15
BCACC
【解析】
circulating此处意为传播，可同义替换为spreading，结合语义，此处照片应为被广泛传播。
结合后文“as
if
they
might
grab
hold
of
it
and
be
lifted
away”，好像他们能够抓住飞机并且被运走，此处应为追逐飞机，选chasing。
on
behalf
of为代表……，类似represent。结合前文“Please
don’t
leave
us
behind”和后文“undeniably
being
left
behind.”，点明此人是代表被落下的群体。
前文为渴望带走而未被带走，“who
had
poured
themselves
into
this
project”强调其为美国在阿富汗的计划尽心尽力，此处体现其失落和负面的情绪，使用depressions，且与后文the
low
mood形成对应。
anticipate意为预测，估计。后文sent
out
a
suicide-prevention
blast:
“Veterans
may
question
the
meaning
of
their
service
or
whether
it
was
worth
the
sacrifices
they
made.
They
may
feel
more
moral
distress.”
These
feelings,
the
V.A.
noted,
were
normal.
“You
are
not
alone.”，可以体现此处是对低情绪的肯定推断。
同第五题引文，此处体现low
mood越来越具有破坏性。
“There
is
no
military
solution,
,
in
Afghanistan,”
在长久鏖战后，没有军事解决方案是不幸的。此题为语义平推。A，C不符合语境，D选项与下文越南战争实例冲突——不只在阿富汗，与文义冲突。
“very
similar”强调相似性，B与之矛盾，C、D文中未体现其概括性，不可选。
imperialism意为帝国主义，强调扩展，具有战争属性。A选项局限性过强，且紧随其后的例证与伊斯兰无关，B、C强调美国的经济与发展，与全文内容无关。
“an
opposite
contention”强调与punished/exposed语义不同，而与ran
deep（加深）倾向性一致，此处不可选择倾向性不同的D。后文强调中美对立的局势，benefits/merits与中方强硬派利益不一致，不能选择。
此处与前文倾向性一致，强调run
deep，因此选择B——政治上富有多样性。
由于影响深刻且富有多样性，因此难以清除。
Sino-U.S.
意为中美之间的，合作、战争在此处均无体现，且倾向性过强。此处affairs最为合理。
but强调语义转折，与“smart
and
interesting”
相反，且结合“The
real
situation
seemed
more
basic.”，此处意为威胁被过分强调、过度诠释，因此选C最为合适
a
hawkishness
on
China，结合前文hawk意味强硬派的解释，可以得出hawkishness为强硬态度相关意思，“in
some
expected
places
and
some
unexpected
ones”，体现了这种强硬态度有好有坏，有对有错，因此B过于绝对排除。结合前文语义，此处选择decreasing语义错误，appealing语义不明。