Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake? 语法专项--名词、祈使句 精讲精练(含习题 答案)

8年级上册unit8语法专项
精讲
可数名词与不可数名词
可数名词在应用时有单数和复数的区别。
可在其前加one或使用不定冠词a/an来表达单数“一个
.
.
.
.
”，要表达“两个”或“两个以上”时用复数形式。
eg:a
book一本书
two
books
两本书
不可数名词没有复数形式，不能与a/an及基数词连用，
需要表达不可数名词的量时，有两种方法：
1.用much,a
little,little,a
lot
of等修饰，表示其多少。
eg:We
have
a
lot
of
time.我们有很多时间。
There's
little
orange
juice
in
the
bottle.
瓶子里几乎没有橙汁。
用“基数词或冠词＋量词＋of+不可数名词”结构表示，其量的多少转化为计量单位
的数。
eg:a
cup
of
tea一杯茶
three
cups
of
tea
三杯茶
祈使句
祈使句是表示请求、命令、建议、劝告等的句子。
说话的对象大多为第二人称you,且常被省略。
句末用感叹号或句号，朗读时用降调。
肯定句：1.行为动词原形＋其他成分．
eg:Speak
loudly.
大声说。
2.Be+表语．
eg:Be
quiet.
安静点。
3.Let+sb.+动词原形＋其他成分．
eg:Let's
play
a
game,让我们玩游戏吧。
否定句：1.Don't+动词原形＋其他成分．
eg:Don't
go
there.
不要去那里。
2.Let+sb.+not+动词原形＋其他成分．
3.
No+n.
/v.
-ing!
eg:No
talking!不要喧哗！
No
photos!禁止拍照！
how
many
与
how
much
how
many
意为“多少”，主要用于对数量提问，后接可数名词复数。
eg:-How
many
sisters
do
you
have?你有多少个姐妹？
－Three.
三个。
how
much
意为“多少”，主要用于对数量提问，后接不可数名词；
还可以意为“多少钱”，常用来对价格提问。
eg:-How
much
water
do
we
need?我们需要多少水？
－Two
bottles.
两瓶。
How
much
are
your
shoes?你的鞋子多少钱？
精练
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.
We
need
two
cups
of__________
(yogurt).
2.
I
like_________(beef)
and
___________
(potato).
3.
Don't
eat
too
much
ice-cream.
It
is
high
in
fat
and
_________（sugar)
.
4.
This
morning
my
father
bought
two
kilos
of_________（cheese)
.
5.
How
many
__________（tomato)
do
we
need?
6.
Would
you
like
to
buy
some___________
(
tomato)and
_________（yogurt)
?
7.
In
summer,there
are
a
lot
of______________（watermelon)
in
the
supermarket.
8.______________
(not
talk)
loudly
in
the
library.
9.
I
don't
like
drinking
__________
(orange),but
I
like
eating
___________
(orange)
.
单项选择。
1.
-_________sugar
do
you
need?
－One
spoon.
How
many
B.
How
often
C.
How
long
D.
How
much
2.
How
many_______are
there
on
the
table?
A.tea
B.cup
of
water
C.cups
of
tea
D.cups
water
3.
______him
the
news.
A.
Don't
tell
B.
Not
to
tell
C.
Not
telling
D.
Not
tell
4.
-______sheep
are
there
on
the
farm?
－About
one
hundred.
How
much
B.
How
long
C.
How
many
D.
How
far
5.
-_______
up,
Anna.
It's
seven
thirty.
－One
more
minute,
Mom.
A.
Get
B.
Gets
C.
Got
D.
Getting
6.________do
we
need?
A.
How
many
yogurt
B.
How
much
cup
of
yogurt
C.
How
many
yogurts
D.
How
many
cups
of
yogurt
7.
How
many________do
you
want?
A.spoon
of
salt
B.spoons
of
salt
C.spoons
of
salts
D.spoon
of
salts
8.
I
want
to
make
a
banana
milk
shake.
Please
tell
me,______milk
do
I
need,and_____bananas
do
I
need?
A.how
much,how
much
B.how
many,how
many
C.how
much,how
many
D.how
many,
how
much
9.
I
want
to
watch
the
weather
report
on
TV.
Please_______the
TV
for
me!
A.turn
on
B.turn
off
C.turn
up
D.turn
down
10.
Please
bring
me_________.
A.two
cup
of
coffee
B.two
cup
of
coffees
C.two
cups
of
coffees
D.two
cups
of
coffee
11.________late.
It's
your
first
day
to
work.
A.
Don't
to
be
B.
Don't
be
C.
Not
be
D.
Be
not
12.--_________pieces
of
paper______there
on
the
table?
--Three.
A.
How
many;is
B.
How
many;are
C.
How
much;is
D.
How
much;are
13.－What
would
you
like
to
drink
after
dinner,sir?
-Some________.
orange
B.
turkey
C.
bananas
D.yogurts
14.－There_________no
milk
in
the
fridge.
Could
you
get
some
for
me,
Dick?
－All
right,
Mom.
A.
is
B.are
C.
was
D.were
15.
My
teacher
often
gives
us________on
learning
English.
A.
some
useful
advice
B.
some
pieces
of
useful
advices
C.
a
useful
advice
D.some
piece
of
useful
advice
16.－_______cheese
do
we
need?
--Only_______.
How
much;
a
few
B.
How
many;
a
little
C.
How
much;a
little
D.
How
many;
a
few
17.--______salt
do
you
need
to
make
beef
noodles?
-Only_______.
How
much;little
B.
How
much;a
little
C.
How
many;a
few
D.
How
many;few
按要求完成下列句子。
1.Drink
the
hot
water.(改为否定句）
________________
the
hot
water.
2.You
must
cut
up
three
onions.(改为祈使句）
____________
three
onions.
3.We
need
two
oranges.(对画线部分提问）
_____________oranges
do
you
need?
4.He
would
like
two
spoons
of
honey.(对画线部分提问）
__________________
honey
would
he
like?
5.The
black
sweater
is
$35.(对画线部分提问）
______________is
the
black
sweater?
参考答案：
一．1.yogurt
2.beef
;
potatoes
3.sugar
4.
cheese
5.tomatoes
6.tomatoes;yogurt
7.watermelons
8.Don’t
talk
9.orange;oranges
二．1-5DCACA
6-10DBCAD
11-15BBAAA
16C
B
三．1.Don't
drink
2.Cut
up
3.How
many
4.How
much
5.How
much