2022届高三英语二轮复习：定语从句十二字解题法课件（21张ppt）

(共21张PPT)
定语从句十二字解题法
一、定句从句的概念及基本构成
1.构成：名词/代词
+
+
定从
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
头
脖子
身体
He
is
the
man.
I
saw
him
yesterday.
He
is
the
man
whom/thatI
saw
yesterday.
判断定语从句中的关系词所充当的成分
I
saw
the
man
whom/that
I
saw
yesterday.
Do
you
konw
the
man
who/that
is
standing
over
there.
He
is
not
the
man
that
he
used
to
be.
Basketball
is
a
game
which/that
is
popular
with
young
people.
This
is
the
pen
which/that
he
bought
yesterday.
I
saw
a
house
whose
window
is
red.
I
know
the
man
whose
father
is
a
doctor.
I
remember
the
time
when
we
studied
together.
This
is
the
house
where
I
lived
two
years
ago.
I
know
the
reason
why
she
was
late
this
morning.
宾
主
表
主
宾
定
定
时状
地状
原状
2.关系词
关系代词
关系副词
who
(人，主)
which
(物，主、宾)
that
(人/物，主、宾、表)
whom
(人，宾)
whose
(人/物，定)
as
when，where，why
(状)
when
指代
介词
+
时间名词
where
指代
介词+地点名词
why
=
for
which,
which指代
the
reason
二、十二字解题法
定什么，带什么，缺什么，补什么
This
is
the
room
we
lived
in.
we
lived.
句意成立
in
which
that
×
in
which
where
(介+关代可用关副词代替)
(
the
room)
(
the
room)
三、关系代词that与which的区别
共性：都可以指物
用which不用that的情况
指物时
1.介词后的关系代词
2.先行词是that或those时
3.非限制定句从句中不能用that
Do
you
like
the
book
they
talk?
We
have
that
we
need.
Water,
is
a
clear
liquid,
has
many
uses.
about
which
which
which
用that不用which的情况
1.先行词为指物的不定代词或数词
2.先行词既指人又指物
3.先行词被very,
the
only，序数词及形容词最高级修饰
4.关系代词在定语从句作表语
5.There
be
开头的句子，先行词指物
6.主句是以who,which开头的特殊疑问句
Who
is
the
person
that
is
standing
at
the
gate.
四、关系代词that与who的区别
注：记住什么情况下用who就可以了
1.先行词指人
的
those/one/ones
2.先行词为
I/you/he等人称代词
3.以there
be开头的句子，先行词指人
There
is
a
pretty
girl
who
wants
to
see
you.
五、关系代词的选择
1.
定语从句
是限定性还是非限定性
如非定限定性从句不能用
that
2.先行词指人，还是指物
如指人
who,whom,指物that,
which
3.句子所缺成分
缺
主宾表
/
定(whose)
/
状(when,
where,
why)
六、介词+关系代词的考查
介词+
关系代词
which
(先行词指物)
whom
(先行词指人)
90
%
10
%
介词+whose
This
is
the
hero
we
are
proud.
we
are
proud
of.
句意成立
of
whom
that
whom
×
(
the
hero)
(
the
hero
)
of
七、非限制性定语从句
非限定从：
有逗号,无连词，缺成分
非限定从中不能用关系词
that,
why
He
got
the
first
prize,
made
his
parents
happy.
who
that
which
when
as
as与which的区别
which表因果
as表正如
which
八、关系代词as引导的定语从句
考点1：与which区别
共性：引导非限定从和限定从
；
指代前面整个句子
区别：引导非限定从，as可放于句首或句末
which只能放于句中。及参考第七点
考点2：与that区别
限定从：the
same
such
such判别依据：缺成分用as，不缺成分用that
He
is
such
a
teacher
we
all
like
him.
He
is
such
a
teacher
we
all
like.
that
as
as+句子
that+句子
九、定从的主谓一致的问题
定语从句的谓语动词与先行词保致一致
注意the
one
of
+复名，the
only
one
of
+复名
作先行词，考查先行词的选取
the
one
of
+复名
先行词为
复名
the
only
one
of
+复名先行词为
the
only
one
He
is
the
only
one
of
the
boys
who/that
is
given
a
prize.
十、way,time,reason作先行词的定语从句中，关系词的选取
I
dislike
the
way
he
speaks.
Do
you
remember
the
time
he
told
us
just
now.
Can
you
tell
me
the
time
we’ll
have
the
meeting.
The
reason
he
gave
is
lame(无说服力的).
注：不要看到time就用when，place就用where,
reason就用why.
考虑用十二字解题法解决。
in
which/that/不填
Which/that/省略
when
that
1.
____
is
known
to
us
all
is
that
the
2008
Olympic
Games
will
take
place
in
Beijing.
A.
It
B.
What
C.
As
D.
Which（2008福建）
2.
The
man
pulled
out
a
gold
watch,
______
were
made
of
small
diamonds.
(2008陕西卷)
A.
the
hands
of
whom
B.
whom
the
hands
of
C.
which
the
hands
of
D.
the
hands
of
which
3.
The
Science
Museum,
____________
we
visited
during
a
recent
trip
to
Britain,
is
one
of
London’s
tourist
attractions.
（2008江苏卷）
A.
which
B.
what
C.
that
D.
where
4.
The
road
conditions
there
turned
out
to
be
very
good,
___
was
more
than
we
could
expect.
（全国卷II）
A.
it
B.
what
C.
which
D.
that
5.
It
was
in
New
Zealand
___
Elizabeth
first
met
Mr.
Smith.
（全国卷II）
A.
that
B.
how
C.
which
D.
when
6.I’ll
give
you
my
friend’s
home
address,
______
I
can
be
reached
most
evenings.
（08北京卷）
A.
which
B.
when
C.
whom
D.
where
7.
Villagers
here
depend
on
the
fishing
industry,
_____
there
won’t
be
much
work.
(2008上海春招)
A.
where
B.
that
C.
by
which
D.
without
which
8.
We
went
through
a
period
_____
communications
were
very
difficult
in
the
rural
areas.
(2008年上海卷)
A.
which
B.
whose
C.
in
which
D.
with
which
一、定句从句的概念及基本构成
二、十二字解题法
三、关系代词that与which的区别
四、关系代词that与who的区别
五、关系代词的选择
六、介词+关系代词的考查
七、非限制性定语从句
八、关系代词as引导的定语从句
九、定从的主谓一致的问题
十、way,time,reason作先行词的定语从句中，关系词的选取