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专题04
介词
I、2021年高考真题
(2021·全国甲卷·语法填空·T2)
It
was
built
originally
to
protect
the
city
___2___
the
Tang
dynasty
and
has
now
been
completely
restored
(修复).
【答案】in/during
【解析】考查介词。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知,表示“在某个朝代”可用介词in/during。故填in/during。
(2021·全国乙卷·语法填空·T6)
Due
to
the
growing
popularity
of
environmentally-related
and
adventure
travel,
various
types
___6___
trips
are
now
being
classified
as
ecotourism.
【答案】of
【解析】考查介词。句意:由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various
types
of
为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”,所以空格处应填of。故填of。
(2021·浙江卷·语法填空·T2)
In
1844
they
bought
it
___2___
$1,200
and
some
land
from
Charles
Dresser,
who
performed
their
marriage
ceremony
in
1842.
【答案】for
【解析】
考查介词。句意:1844年,他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地,查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知,此处考查固定短语buy
sth.
for
+价格,意为“以……价格买某物”。故填for。
(2021·全国甲卷·短文改错)
One
of
the
questions
is:Who
will
you
go
in
times
of
trouble?
【答案】go后加to
【解析】考查介词。句意同上。短语go
to
sb.“求助于某人”相当于短语turn
to
sb.
for
help。故go后加to。
(2021·全国甲卷·短文改错)
Some
will
turn
out
to
their
parents
or
teachers
for
help.
【答案】删除turn后的out
【解析】考查介词。句意:一些说他们会向他们的父母或老师求助。固定短语turn
to
sb.
for
help,意为“向某人求助”,所以此处删除介词out。故删除turn后的out。
(2021·全国乙卷·短文改错)
In
my
opinion,
students
can
benefit
a
lot
doing
some
housework.
【答案】doing前加from
【解析】
考查介词。句意:在我看来,学生可以从做家务中受益很多。固定短语“benefit......from......
”译为“从……中获益”。故在doing前加from。
II、2021年高考模拟试题
(2021·诸暨市5月模拟·语法填空·T5)
Scientists
say
that
another
26.5
trillion
pounds
will
be
produced
worldwide
___5___
2050.
【答案】by
【解析】
考查介词。句意:科学家们表示,到2050年,全球将再生产26.5万亿磅。此处表示“到……之前”应用介词by,故填by。
(2021·成都三诊·语法填空·T8)
After
taking
my
pulse,
looking
at
my
tongue,
and
asking
a
few
questions
___8___my
diet
and
lifestyle,
the
acupuncturist
correctly
reasoned
that
I
was
worn-out.
【答案】about
【解析】
考查介词。句意:针灸医生量了量我的脉搏,看了看我的舌头,问了几个关于我的饮食和生活方式的问题,然后正确地推断出我疲惫不堪。此处是指关于我的饮食和生活方式的问题,应用介词about表示“关于”。故填about。
(2021·成都三诊·短文改错)
He
got
tricked!
He
had
no
more
money.
Rather
than
continue
my
search
about
someone
who
would
buy
my
ticket,
I
decided
to
give
it
to
him
for
free.
【答案】about→for
【解析】
考查介词和固定搭配。句意:我决定把票免费送给他,而不是继续寻找愿意买我票的人。表示“寻找某人”应用search
for,search作名词时也应与for搭配。故将about改为for。
(2021·天津十二区县联考2·单项填空·T8)
We'll
have
to
revise
our
original
plan
the
present
situation.
A.
in
return
for
B.
in
view
of
C.
in
addition
to
D.
in
comparison
with
【答案】B
【解析】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:考虑到目前的情况,我们不得不修改原来的计划。A.
in
return
for作为…的报答;
B.
in
view
of考虑到;C.in
addition
to
此外;D.
in
comparison
with
与……比较。根据句意可知,此处应该表示“鉴于,考虑到”。故选B。
(2021·天津市5月压轴模拟·单项填空·T5)
Students
are
encouraged
to
take
control
of
their
own
learning,
________
just
depending
on
the
teacher.
A.rather
than
B.regardless
of
C.due
to
D.in
terms
of
【答案】A
【解析】
考查固定搭配。句意:鼓励学生掌控自己的学习,而不是只依赖老师。A.
rather
than
而不是;
B.
regardless
of
不管,不顾;C.
due
to
由于;
D.
in
terms
of
就……而言。根据前半句鼓励学生掌握自己的学习,可知,后半句应该是而不是依赖老师。故选A。
(2021·宝坻区三模·单项填空·T6)
She
asked
the
young
man
to
be
brief
and
_______
as
she
had
little
time
to
spare.
A.
at
best
B.
in
place
C.
to
the
point
D.
on
the
spot
【答案】C
【解析】
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意:她要求这个年轻人简明扼要,因为她几乎没有多余的时间。A.
at
best顶多,充其量;B.
in
place在正确的位置;C.
to
the
point切中要点;D.
on
the
spot在现场。根据空前“to
be
brief”可知,空处需用to
the
point,表示“简明扼要”之意。故选C。
(2021·和平区三模·单项填空·T8)
We
didn't
travel
much
during
the
holiday,
______
because
of
the
tight
budget,
but
also
because
of
the
huge
crowds.
A.
in
turn
B.
in
vain
C.
in
part
D.
in
effect
【答案】C
【解析】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:我们在假期不怎么旅行,部分原因是由于预算紧张,也由于假期人很多。A.
in
turn轮流;B.
in
vain徒劳;C.
in
part部分地,某种程度上;D.
in
effect实际上。根据句意可知,不去旅行的部分原因是没钱。故选C项。
(2021·和平区一模·单项填空·T15)
the
great
contributions
he
made
to
the
film
industry,
the
committee
awarded
Chaplin
a
special
Oscar
in
1972.
A.
In
view
of
B.
In
place
of
C.
In
favour
of
D.
In
terms
of
【答案】A
【解析】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:鉴于卓别林对电影业的巨大贡献,委员会于1972年授予卓别林特别奥斯卡奖。A.
In
view
of由于,鉴于,基于;B.
In
place
of代替;C.
In
favour
of赞同,有利于;D.
In
terms
of从某个角度来看。前文“the
great
contributions
he
made
to
the
film
industry”是后文“the
committee
awarded
Chaplin
a
special
Oscar
in
1972”的原因和依据,所以In
view
of,合乎逻辑,符合句意。故选A项。
(2021·河西区三模·单项填空·T5)
Look
at
this
year's
sales
figures________
last
year's;they're
much
better.
A.
between
B.
from
C.
with
D.
against
【答案】D
【解析】
考查介词。句意:看看今年的销售数字和去年的相比,它们好多了。A.between在…中间,介于…之间;B.from从……起,始于;C.with和;同;D.against与……相比。根据“they’re
much
better”可知,此处是指今年的销售数字和去年的相比。故选D。
(2021·东北三校二模·短文改错)
Nervous
though
I
was,
I
explained
the
reasons
why
I
dreamed
being
grade
president.
【答案】dreamed后加of/about
【解析】
考查介词。句意:虽然我很紧张,但我解释了我为什么梦想成为年级主席的原因。dream
of/about为固定短语。
故dreamed后加of/about。
(2021·齐齐哈尔市二模·短文改错)
Ordinary
as
they
are,
they
are
truly
my
best
teachers
and
I
am
very
proud
them.
【答案】在proud后面加of
【解析】
考查介词。句意同上。be
proud
of为固定短语,意为“以……为骄傲”。故在proud后面加of。
(2021·齐齐哈尔市三模·短文改错)
Therefore,
I
think
of
her
an
important
member
in
my
family
and
I
really
enjoy
her
company.
【答案】her后面加as
【解析】
考查介词。句意:因此,我认为她是我家庭的一个重要的成员,我真的喜欢她的陪伴。think
of...as...为固定搭配,意为“把......看作......”,故在her后加as。
(2021·齐齐哈尔市一模·短文改错)
I
was
riding
my
bike
clown
to
the
corner
shop
in
a
Saturday
morning
when
I
was
attracted
by
a
cute
boy
who
was
walking
his
dog.
【答案】in→on
【解析】
考查介词。句意:一个星期六的早晨,我骑着我的自行车去街角的商店,这时我被一个正在遛狗的可爱男孩吸引住了。表示在哪一天或怎么样的早上,使用介词on。故in改为on。
(2021?玉林市一模?短文改错)
I
was
driving
slowly
in
this
morning
when
I
saw
a
deer
living
in
the
woods
appear
in
the
middle
of
the
road.
考查介词。句意:今天早上我开得很慢,突然,我看见一只住在树林里的鹿出现在路中间。根据this
morning可知此处介词in多余,因此把in去掉。故将in删掉。
(2021?马鞍山市一模?短文改错)
I
can’t
forget
how
excited
I
was
before
winning
the
first
match.
【答案】before→after
【解析】
考查介词。句意:我无法忘记赢得第一场比赛后我是多么的激动。根据“I
can’t
forget
how
excited
I
was”可知,此处是指在赢得第一场比赛后。故将before改为after。
(2021?马鞍山市一模?短文改错)
That’s
how
I
fell
in
love
basketball.
【答案】在basketball前加with
【解析】
考查固定搭配和介词。句意:我就是这样爱上篮球的。fall
in
love
with表示“爱上”,为固定搭配。故在basketball前加with。
(2021?柳州市三模?短文改错)
Focus
on
your
speech
and
don't
worry
with
not
making
your
presentation
perfect.
【答案】with→about
【解析】
考查介词。句意:专注于你的演讲,不要担心演讲不够完美。固定短语worry
about
doing
sth担心做某事。故将with改为about。
(2021?大港一中入学模拟?单项填空?T2)
______
bad
weather,
the
celebration
will
be
held
at
the
indoor
stadium.
A.
in
case
of
B.
in
terms
of
C.
in
favor
of
D.
in
place
of
【答案】A
【解析】
考查介词短语。句意:以防天气不好,庆典将在室内体育场举行。A
in
case
of
以防;B
in
terms
of就...而言;C
in
favor
of支持,赞成;D
in
place
of
代替。结合句意。此处是指以防天气不好。故答案为A.
(2021?汉沽六中一摸?单项填空?T2)
We
were
most
impressed
______
your
speech
at
yesterday’s
meeting.
A.
in
B.
to
C.
with
D.
for
【答案】C
【解析】
考查介词。句意:你在昨天会议上的讲话给我们留下了深刻的印象。be
impressed
with
sth
译为“对某事印象深刻”
。此处为固定搭配。故选C项。
(2021?和平区期中模拟?单项填空?T2)
---I
think
movie
music
can
be
made
memorable
because
its
theme
is
repeated
________
the
film.
---
I
agree
with
you.
A.
onto
B.
with
C.
throughout
D.
around
【答案】C
【解析】
考查介词词义辨析。句意:——我认为电影音乐可以制作得令人难忘,是因为它的主题贯穿整个电影。——我同意你(的看法)。A.
onto向,朝,在……之上;B.
with和……在一起,具有,用;C.throughout
自始至终,遍及;D.
around围绕,到处。电影的主题贯穿整个电影。故选C项。
(2021?河西区期中模拟?单项填空?T10)
I
guess
we’ve
already
talked
about
this
before
but
I’ll
ask
you
again
just________.
A.
by
nature
B.
in
return
C.
in
case
D.
by
chance
【答案】C
【解析】
考查短语辨析。句意:我猜我们之前已经讨论过这个了,但以防万一我会再问你一次。A.
by
nature本性上;B.
in
return作为回报;C.
in
case以防万一;D.
by
chance偶然地。分析句意可知,C选项符合句意。故选C项。
(2021?河西区期末模拟?单项填空?T11)
The
new
product
is
beyond
all
praise
and
has
quickly
taken
over
the
market
________
its
superior
quality.
A.
in
terms
of
B.
on
account
of
C.
on
behalf
of
D.
on
top
of
【答案】B
【解析】
考查介词短语。句意:这款新产品很快获得了极高的赞扬,并且因其超级好的质量而迅速占领了市场。A.
in
terms
of就……而言;B.
on
account
of由于;C.
on
behalf
of代表……;D.
on
top
of在……顶端。商品能够迅速占领市场,是由于超级好的质量,所以前后是因果关系。故B选项正确。
(2021?红桥区期中模拟?单项填空?T7)
He
has
set
us
a
good
example
by
serving
people
heart
and
soul,________
his
personal
gain
and
loss.
A.
in
terms
of
B.
regardless
of
C.
in
favor
of
D.
by
means
of
【答案】B
【解析】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:他为大家树立了这样一个榜样——全心全意为人民服务,不计个人得失。A.
in
terms
of
就……而言;B.
regardless
of
不管;C.
in
favor
of
支持;D.
by
means
of
凭借。句意:他通过全心全意为人民服务,为大家树立了榜样,不计个人得失,根据“
his
personal
gain
and
loss”可知此处表示“不管、不顾”,故选B项。
(2021?静海区一中1月模拟?单项填空?T15)
Elderly
people
should
be
respected
________
their
contributions,
knowledge,
experience.
A.
instead
of
B.
in
favor
of
C.
apart
from
D.
regardless
of
【答案】D
【解析】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:老年人应该受到尊重,无论他们贡献、知识和经验如何。A.
instead
of代替,而不是;B.
in
favor
of支持,有利于;C.
apart
from除……之外;D.
regardless
of
不管。根据句意可知,此处表示“不管他们的贡献、知识和经验如何”,故选D。
(2021?南开区3月模拟?单项填空?T6)
Mr.
Smith
sold
that
magnificent
cottage
of
his
on
the
sea
2,000,000
dollars.
A.
at
B.
for
C.
to
D.
by
【答案】B
【解析】
考查介词的用法。句意:史密斯先生以二百万元的价格卖掉了他那座豪华的海边别墅。表示以多少价格卖掉某物用介词for。故选B。
(2021?南开区3月模拟?单项填空?T14)
The
new
product
is
beyond
all
praise
and
has
quickly
taken
over
the
market
________
its
superior
quality.
A.
in
terms
of
B.
on
account
of
C.
on
behalf
of
D.
on
top
of
【答案】B
【解析】
考查介词短语。句意:这款新产品很快获得了极高的赞扬,并且因其超级好的质量而迅速占领了市场。A.
in
terms
of就……而言;B.
on
account
of由于;C.
on
behalf
of代表……;D.
on
top
of在……顶端。商品能够迅速占领市场,是由于超级好的质量,所以前后是因果关系。故B选项正确。
(2021?南开区期中模拟?单项填空?T13)
An
advantage
is
the
company’s
ability
to
adapt
to
local
demands,
________
following
a
fixed
procedure.
A.
other
than
B.
rather
than
C.
more
than
D.
less
than
【答案】B
【解析】
考查短语辨析。句意:这个公司的优点是有能力适应当地需求,而不是沿用固定的模式。A.
other
than
“除了”;B.
rather
than
“而不是”;C.
more
than
“十分,非常;超过;不仅仅”;D.
less
than
“不到,不足;”。根据句意,B选项正确,故选B。
(2021?南开中学一模?单项填空?T15)
In
the
past
ten
years,
the
field
has
given
us
high
and
stable
produce
__________climatic
circumstances
A.
regardless
of
B.
instead
of
C.
in
addition
to
D.
with
regard
to
【答案】A
【解析】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:在过去的十年里,无论气候条件如何,这块土地都给我们带来了高产稳产。A.
regardless
of
不管,不顾;B.
instead
of
代替,而不是;C.
in
addition
to
除...以外;D.
with
regard
to
关于,至于。分析题意,根据后句“这块土地都给我们带来了高产稳产”可知,此处表示“不管”天气如何。故选A项。
(2021?天津滨海七校联考?单项填空?T15)
_________
his
excellent
performance
in
the
competition,
his
teammates
all
advocated
him
being
their
caption.
A
In
terms
of
B.
In
view
of
C.
In
addition
to
D.
In
spite
of
【答案】B
【解析】
考查固定短语辨析。句意:鉴于他在比赛中的出色表现,他的队友们都主张他当他们的解说。A.
In
terms
of依据,按照;B.
In
view
of鉴于,考虑到;C.
In
addition
to另外;D.
In
spite
of尽管。根据上文“his
excellent
performance
in
the
competition”可知鉴于他在比赛中的出色表现,他的队友们都主张他当他们的解说,应用in
view
of。故选B。
(2021?天津大港一中三模?单项填空?T11)
Human
life
is
regarded
as
part
of
nature
and,
as
such,
the
only
way
for
us
to
survive
is
to
live_________
nature.
A.
in
view
of
B.
in
need
of
C.
in
touch
with
D.
in
harmony
with
【答案】D
【解析】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:人的生活是自然的一部分,因此,我们生存下来的唯一的方法就是与自然和谐相处。A.in
view
of在……眼里;B.in
need
of需要;;C.in
touch
with和……接触;
D.
In
harmony
with与……和谐相处。这四个短语后面都应该接名词,根据句意,故选D。
(2021?天津市八校期中模拟?单项填空?T10)
______
the
severe
traffic
pressure,
many
city
authorities
have
started
to
restrict
the
use
of
private
vehicles.
A.
By
means
of
B.
In
terms
of
C.
With
regard
to
D.
In
response
to
【答案】D
【解析】
考查介词词组。句意:为了应对严重的交通压力,许多市政当局已经开始限制私家车的使用。A.
By
means
of通过;B.
In
terms
of根据;在……方面;C.
With
regard
to至于;对于;D.
In
response
to对……做出反应。根据句意可知,政府限制私家车是为了缓解交通压力,in
response
to符合句意。故选D。
(2021?天津市八校期中模拟?单项填空?T11)
______
struggles
and
setbacks,
laborers
are
taking
their
fate
into
their
own
hands.
A.
In
exchange
for
B.
In
spite
of
C.
On
behalf
of
D.
On
account
of
【答案】B
【解析】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:尽管有斗争和挫折,但是劳动者们把命运掌握在自己手中。A.
In
exchange
of作为……的交换;B.
In
spite
of尽管……;C.
On
behalf
of代表……;D.
On
account
of由于……。根据句意可知,尽管有斗争和挫折,但是劳动者们把命运掌握在自己手中。前后之间是转折关系。故选
B。
(2021?天津市部分区期中模拟?单项填空?T2)
The
art
show
was
______
being
a
failure;
it
was
a
great
success.
A.
far
from
B.
along
with
C.
next
to
D.
regardless
of
【答案】A
【解析】
考查固定短语辨析。句意:这次艺术展不是失败,而是成功的。A.
far
from远非,完全不;B.
along
with与……一起;C.
next
to几乎,差不多;D.
regardless
of不管,不顾。根据“it
was
a
great
success”可知,这次艺术展不是失败。故选A项。
(2021?江南十校一模?短文改错)
Because
his
encouragement,
I
calmed
down
and
everything
worked
out
smoothly
as
expected.
【答案】Because后加上of
【解析】
考查固定短语。句意:因为他的鼓励,我冷静下来,一切都如预期的顺利进行。后跟名词encouragement作宾语,表示“因为”应用短语because
of;because引导原因状语从句,后跟句子。故
Because后加上of。
(2021?黄山市二模?短文改错)
I
am
a
beginner
in
this
sport.
Sometimes
people
will
look
down
to
me,
but
it
doesn’t
matter.
【答案】to
→
on/upon
【解析】
考查介词。句意:有时候别人会看不起我,但没关系。固定短语look
down
on/upon“看不起”,是固定搭配。故将to改为on/upon。
(2021?淮南市一模?短文改错)
Finally,
we'd
better
have
a
chat
with
them,
so
they
can
exchange
ideas
for
us…
【答案】for
→
with
【解析】
考查介词固定搭配。句意:最后,我们最好和他们聊聊天,这样他们就可以和我们交流思想,了解我们的生活。固定搭配exchange
sb.
with
sth.(和某人换某物)。故将for改为with。
(2021?珠海市二模?语法填空?T9)
Analysis
of
elements
in
the
relics
indicates
sources
similar
____9____
those
of
other
cultures
along
the
Yangtze
River.
【答案】to
【解析】
考查介词。句意:对这些文物的元素分析表明,它们的来源与长江沿岸的其他文化相似。固定短语:be
similar
to“与……相似”。故填to。
(2021?肇庆市三模?语法填空?T2)
Changes
to
water
resources
can
have
a
big
impact
____2____
people's
lives.
【答案】on/upon
【解析】
考查介词。句意:水资源的变化会对人们的生活产生很大的影响。结合句意表示“对……有很大影响”可知短语为have
a
big
impact
on/upon。故填on/upon。
(2021?漳州一中新高考模拟?语法填空?T10)
The
asteroid
(小行星)
10930
Jinyong
(1998
CR2)
is
named
___10___
him.
【答案】after
【解析】
考查固定短语搭配。name
after….
意为“以…命名”。句意:10930号小行星(1998年CR2号)就是以他的名字命名的。故填after。
(2021?玉林市一模?语法填空?T8)
Do
foreigners
not
understand
British
humor
or
are
the
British
just
not
so
funny
____8____
they
think
they
are?
【答案】as
【解析】
考查连词。句意:是外国人不懂英式幽默,还是英国人真的不像他们自己认为的那样有趣?根据?just
not
so
funny?和they
think
they
are可知此处要用连词,as“正如”,短语so...as...“如此…正如…”。故填as。
(2021?玉林市一模?语法填空?T10)
“Accusing
the
British
____10____
having
no
sense
of
humor
is
like
telling
Rolls-Royce
that
its
cars
are
down-market.”
【答案】as
【解析】
考查介词。句意:“指责英国人没有幽默感,就像告诉劳斯莱斯它的汽车是低端市场。”短语accuse
sb.
of
sth.“指责某人某事,因某事控告某人”,是固定搭配。故填of。
(2021?永春县第三次联考?语法填空?T7)
“Tu’s
winning
the
prize
signifies
China’s
prosperity
and
progress
in
scientific
and
technological
field,
marks
a
great
contribution
of
traditional
Chinese
medicine
____7____
the
cause
of
human
health
and
shows
China’s
growing
strengths
and
rising
international
standing,”
Premier
Li
Keqiang
said
in
a
congratulatory
letter
on
Monday
evening.
【答案】to
【解析】
考查介词。固定搭配:contribute
to
sth.
“对某事的贡献”,故填to。