2021年高考英语真题和模拟题分类汇编之专题12: 特殊句式(word版附答案、解析)

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名称 2021年高考英语真题和模拟题分类汇编之专题12: 特殊句式(word版附答案、解析)
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专题11
特殊句式
I、2021年高考真题
(2021·全国甲卷·语法填空·T3)
It
is
possible??????3??????(walk)
or
bike
the
entire
14
kilometers.
【答案】
to
walk
【解析】考查形式主语句,本句是典型的It
is
adj.
+
to
do的形式。非谓语动词to
do做真正主语,it做形式主语。故填
to
walk

(2021·全国乙卷·短文改错)
I
also
water
the
flowers
in
the
yard
and
tidying
up
my
own
bedroom
whatever
necessary.
【答案】tidying→tidy
【解析】
考查并列结构。句意:我也给院子里的花浇水,必要时打扫我自己的卧室。分析句子结构以及并列连词and可知,此处tidy
up是并列谓语。根据上文的“water
the
flowers”可知,句子要使用一般现在时。主语第一人称I,谓语动词用原型。故将tidying改为tidy。
(2021·全国乙卷·短文改错)
That's
our
view
on
housework.
And
hopes
this
can
inspire
more
thinking
on
the
topic!
【答案】把hopes改为hope
【解析】
考查省略句。分析题目可知,此处表示(I)
hope
this
can
inspire…,故hope应用动词原形形式。故把hopes改为hope。
II、2021年高考模拟试题
(2021·河东区二模·单项填空·T10)

English
has
a
large
vocabulary,
hasn’t
it?
—Yes.
____
more
words
and
expressions,
and
you
will
find
it
easier
to
read
and
communicate.
A.
Known
B.
Knowing
C.
To
know
D.
Know
【答案】D
【解析】
考查祈使句+and句型。句意:——英语的词汇量很大,不是吗?——是的。掌握更多的词汇和短语,你将会发现阅读和交流变得很容易。祈使句+and+含将来时的句子,该句型表示条件,相当于if条件句,原句可改写为If
you
know
more...,
you
will
find
it...,故选D。
(2021·南开中学5月模拟·单项填空·T9)
_____________
basic
first-aid
techniques
will
help
you
respond
quickly
to
emergencies.
A.
Known
B.
Having
known
C.
Knowing
D.
Being
known
【答案】C
【解析】
考查动名词作主语。句意:了解基本的急救知识可以帮助您快速应对紧急情况。分析句子成分,谓语是will
help,所以前面的是主语,用动名词做主语,故选C项。
(2021·南开中学5月模拟·单项填空·T13)
It
is
believed________
children
should
learn
to
be
responsible
from
the
very
beginning.
A.
why
B.
that
C.
how
D.
when
【答案】B
【解析】
考查固定句型。句意:人们认为,孩子应该从一开始就学会负责任。这里使用了固定句型:It
is
believed
that…据相信......其中it在这里是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。故选B。
(2021·南开中学5月模拟·单项填空·T14)
Though________
to
see
us,
the
professor
gave
us
a
warm
welcome.
A.
surprising
B.
to
surprise
C.
being
surprised
D.
surprised
【答案】D
【解析】
考查状语从句的省略。句意:教授见到我们虽然很惊讶,但还是热情地欢迎了我们。be
surprised
to
do,对做某事很惊讶,在though引导的让步状语从句中,当从句主语与主句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,本句完整形式为:Though
he
was
surprised
to
see
us,相当于省略了he
was,故选D。
(2021·天津芦台一中六模·单项填空·T10)
I’m
sorry
you
have
been
waiting
so
long,
but
it
will
still
be
some
time
________
you
can
get
your
passport.
A.
since
B.
till
C.
after
D.
before
【答案】D
【解析】
考查固定句型及状语从句连词。句意:真是对不起让你等了这么久,可还要一段时间以后你才能够拿到你的护照。A.
since自从;既然;B.
till直到……才;C.
after在……之后;D.
before在……之前。固定句型“It
be+一段时间+before
从句”表示“一段时间以后某事才发生”。本句考查的正是这个句型。故D项正确。
(2021·天津芦台一中六模·单项填空·T15)
He
doesn’t
think
that
the
plan
is
practical,
_____?
A.
does
he
B.
doesn’t
he
C.
is
it
D.
isn’t
it
【答案】C
【解析】
考查反意疑问句。句意:他认为这个计划不切实际,是吗?A.
does
he他是吗;B.
doesn’t
he
他不是吗;C.
is
it它是吗;D.
isn’t
it它不是吗。分析可知,句子句式属于“I(we)
don’t
think
+that从句”,在该句式中,从句为否定意义,反意疑问句部分的系动词/助动词/情态动词和主语要与that从句保持一致且用肯定式,因此在本题中,反意疑问句应是与从句中的系动词“is”保持一致,主语与“the
plan”保持一致,用第三人称单数“it”代替,故反意疑问句为:is
it。故选C项。
(2021·天津杨村一中一模·单项填空·T4)
China’s
image
is
improving
steadily,
with
more
countries
________
its
role
in
international
affairs.
A.
recognizing
B.
being
recognized
C.
to
be
recognized
D.
recognized
【答案】A
【解析】
考查with复合结构。句意:中国的形象正在稳步提升,更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系,用现在分词,故选A。
(2021·天津杨村一中一模·单项填空·T11)
When
______
different
cultures,
we
often
pay
attention
only
to
the
differences
without
noticing
many
similarities.
A.
being
compared
B.
comparing
C.
Compared
D.
having
been
compared
【答案】B
【解析】
考查状语从句省略。句意:当比较不同的文化的时候,我们通常总注意到它们之间的区别而没有注意到它们之间的相似之处。当从句省略主语的时候,暗指的主语必须和主句的主语一致,“When

后没有主语,所以它暗指的主语必须是后面主句的主语,就是“'we”,也就是说从句里的compare
的主语是we,表示“我们在比较”,
compare与句子we构成主动关系,使用动词的现在分词,且与主句主语pay
attention
to同时发生,用一般式。A项是被动式;C项是过去分词,D项是完成被动式,均表示被动。故B项正确。
(2021·天津杨村一中一模·单项填空·T12)
In
any
unsafe
situation,
simply
________
the
button
and
a
highly-trained
agent
will
get
you
the
help
you
need.
A.
press
B.
to
press
C.
pressing
D.
pressed
【答案】A
【解析】
考查祈使句。句意:在任何不安全的情况下,仅仅摁一下这个按钮,一个训练有素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词,连接并列结构,and后面是一个句子,那么,前面也应是句子,选项中只有动词原形可以构成祈使句,其余的都是非谓语动词,无法构成句子。故A选项正确。
点睛:祈使句+and/or+陈述句是一种常见结构。当前后两部分间为承接关系时,用and;前后意思为相反关系时,用or。该句式中的陈述句部分常用一般将来时态。
(2021·天津耀华滨海学校适应性考试·单项填空·T14)
I
wish
I
________
football
game
on
TV
last
night,
but
I
went
to
a
friend's
birthday
party.
A.
watched
B.
had
watched
C.
would
watch
D.
were
watching
【答案】B
【解析】
考查虚拟语气。句意:我希望我昨晚看了电视上的足球比赛,但是我去了一个朋友的生日聚会。分析可知,wish后的宾语从句,应用虚拟语气,由时间状语last
night可知该句是对过去发生事情的虚拟,结构为:wish
+
主语
+
had
+
过去分词。故选B项。
(2021·天津耀华滨海学校适应性考试·单项填空·T15)
It
was
only
after
experiencing
the
failure________
he
began
to
train
seriously
and
he
won
the
championship
in
the
400-metcr
freestyle
a
year
later.
A.
when
B.
whether
C.
that
D.
which
【答案】C
【解析】
考查强调句。句意:在经历了失败后,他开始认真训练,并在一年后赢得了400米自由泳冠军。分析句子可知,该句去掉It
was和设空处仍然是完整的句子,由此可知此处考查该强调句,结构为:It
is
+
被强调部分
+
that/who(强调人时可用who)...,该句被强调部分为状语,只能用that。故选C项。
(2021·东北三校二模·短文改错)
Nervous
although
I
was,
I
explained
the
reasons
why
I
dreamed
of
being
grade
president.
【答案】although→though/as
【解析】
考查倒装句。句意:虽然我很紧张,但我解释了我为什么梦想成为年级主席的原因。本句为倒装句,although不能引导倒装句。故although改成though/as。
(2021·齐齐哈尔市二模·短文改错)
Ordinarily
as
they
are,
they
are
truly
my
best
teachers
and
I
am
very
proud
of
them.
【答案】Ordinarily→Ordinary
【解析】
考查倒装句和形容词。句意:尽管他们很普通,但他们确实是我最好的老师,我为他们感到骄傲。as意为“尽管”,引导让步状语从句时,句子使用部分倒装,此处需用形容词作表语。故将Ordinarily改为Ordinary。
(2021?大港一中入学模拟?单项填空?T7)
It
soon
became
widely
known
________
the
attempt
to
save
girl
had
failed.
A.
that
B.
what
C.
who
D.
which
【答案】A
【解析】
考查主语从句引导词。句意:营救那个女孩的努力失败了,这事很快就传开了。分析可知,“It”为形式主语,“________
the
attempt
to
save
girl
had
failed”应是句子的真正主语,即,主语从句,从句中句子结构完整,句意完整,应用that引导。故选A项。
(2021?汉沽六中一摸?单项填空?T12)
No
matter
where
he
is,
he
makes
________
a
rule
to
go
for
a
walk
before
breakfast.
A.
him
B.
this
C.
that
D.
it
【答案】D
【解析】
考查it作形式宾语。句意:不管他在哪儿,早餐前都要去散步,这是他的惯例。句中it用作形式宾语,不定式短语“to
go
for
a
walk
before
breakfast”是真正的宾语,故选D项。
(2021?和平区期中模拟?单项填空?T9)
People
take
it
for
granted
_______
there’s
always
time
and
opportunity
to
teach
and
learn
all
that
they
want
to
share
and
know.
A.
why
B.
what
C.
that
D.
how
【答案】C
【解析】
考查固定句型。句意:人们理所当然地认为,总会有时间和机会去教授和学习他们想要分享和知道的东西。此处为固定句型“take
it
for
granted
that…”,表示“认为……理所当然”,it为形式宾语,that从句为真正宾语。故选C。
(2021?红桥区期中模拟?单项填空?T11)
The
shocking
news
made
me
realize
_____________
terrible
problems
we
would
face.
A.
that
B.
how
C.
why
D.
what
【答案】D
【解析】
考查感叹句转化的宾语从句。句意:这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合语意可知,此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句,what后接名词或者名词短语,故选D。
(2021?静海区四校12月模拟?单项填空?T11)
We
had
just
finished
our
dinner,
______someone
knock
the
door
violently.
A.
while
B.
when
C.
since
D.
now
that
【答案】B
【解析】
考查固定句型。句意:我们刚吃完晚饭,突然有人使劲敲门。根据句意可知,此处为固定句型had
done...when...“刚做完某事(突然)就......”,此处when是一个并列连词。故选B。
(2021?静海区一中1月模拟?单项填空?T12)
---
How
long
will
it
be
________
your
brother
attends
university?
---
Half
a
month.
A.
since
B.
before
C.
until
D.
when
【答案】B
【解析】
考查固定句型。句意:——还要多久你弟弟才上大学?——半个月。A.
since
自从,因为;B.
before
在......之前;C.
until直到;D.
when当。分析句子可知,此处考查固定句型:It
will
be
+
时间段+
before“还要......才......”。故选B。
(2021?南开区3月模拟?单项填空?T15)
Mrs.
Green
doesn’t
believe
that
her
son
is
able
to
design
automobiles,
?
A.
is
he
B.
isn’t
he
C.
doesn’t
she
D.
does
she
【答案】D
【解析】
考查反意疑问句。句意:格林太太不相信她的儿子会设计汽车,是吗?根据句意和句子结构可知,句子为反意疑问句,如果陈述句部分为肯定句,疑问部分应用否定形式,如果陈述句部分为否定句,疑问部分应用肯定形式,陈述句部分为that引导的宾语从句,根据主句中“doesn’t
believe”可知,陈述句部分为否定句,故疑问部分应用肯定形式,陈述句中由助动词“doesn’t”构成否定,故疑问部分应用does,主句主语为“Mrs.
Green”,意为“格林太太”,为女性,应用人称代词she代替。故选D项。
(2021?南开区期中模拟?单项填空?T12)
Sarah
had
her
washing
machine
repaired
the
day
before
yesterday,
________
she?
A.
had
B.
did
C.
hadn't
D.
didn't
【答案】D
【解析】
考查反义疑问句。本句中had是have的过去式,是一个行为动词,使用助动词didn’t构成反义疑问句。句意:Sarah前天把洗衣机修好了,不是吗?故D项正确。
(2021?南开中学二模?单项填空?T12)
I
feel
it
is
you
as
well
as
your
wife
that
______
for
your
son's
bad
performance
at
school.
A.
are
to
blame
B.
is
to
be
blamed
C.
are
to
be
blamed
D.
is
to
be
blamed
【答案】A
【解析】
考查强调句中的主谓一致。句意:你儿子在学校成绩不好,我觉得你和你妻子都应该受到责备。as
well
as连接两个并列主语,谓语动词要和前一主语保持一致,因此be动词用are;动词blame不用被动语态,常用be
to
blame主动式表被动意义。故选A项。
(2021?塘沽一中一模?单项填空?T2)
Catherine,
____
the
alarm
clock
for
6
o’clock,
or
you
would
oversleep
and
be
late
for
the
train.
A.
setting
B.
sets
C.
set
D.
to
set
【答案】C
【解析】
考查祈使句。句意:凯瑟琳,把闹钟定到6点,否则你会睡过头,火车就赶不上了。分析句子并结合句意可知此处为“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构,用动词原形,故选C。
(2021?塘沽一中一模?单项填空?T13)
I
wonder
when
it
was_______
you
came
to
realize
________his
words
meant.
A.
that;
what
B.
what;
that
C.
what;
what
D.
that;
which
【答案】A
【解析】
考查强调句及宾语从句。句意:我想知道究竟是什么时候你意识到他所说的话的真正意思是什么。本句是一个多重复合句。I
wonder后是when引导的强调句式的特殊疑问句,可以复原为“It
was
(when)
that
you
came
to
realize…”以协助理解,所以空一用强调句的引导词that;及物动词realize后接宾语从句,该从句中动词meant后的宾语缺失,即空二应填入能充当meant宾语的疑问词来引导宾语从句,结构为meant
sth.(what),故what正确。故选A。
(2021?塘沽一中一模?单项填空?T14)
Only
when
_______
be
possible
to
sign
the
papers.
A.
does
the
lawyer
come
with
it
B.
the
lawyer
comes
will
it
C.
has
the
lawyer
come
it
will
D.
the
lawyer
comes
it
will
【答案】B
【解析】
考查倒装。句意:只有律师来了才有可能在文件上签字。only
+
状语从句位于句首,主句要进行部分倒装,从句不倒装。故选B。
(2021?天津大港一中三模?单项填空?T6)
I
________down
to
London
when
I
suddenly
found
that
I
was
on
the
wrong
road.
A.
was
driving
B.
have
driven
C.
would
drive
D.
drove
【答案】A
【解析】
考查固定句型和过去进行时。句意:我正开着车去伦敦的路上,这时我发现走错路了。be
doing
sth
when
结构表示“正在做某事,这时…”。为固定句型。根据时态一致原则,可知这里用过去进行时,故选A。
(2021?天津市河西区期末模拟?单项填空?T14)
,
I
believe,
and
you
will
find
Tom
is
outgoing.
A.
Having
a
talk
with
the
student
B.
One
talk
with
the
student
C.
Given
a
talk
with
the
student
D.
If
you
have
a
talk
with
the
student
【答案】B
【解析】
考查特殊句式。句意:
和学生谈一谈,
我相信你会发现汤姆非常友好。本题是“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构,
前面的祈使句也可以是名词(短语),
故选B。
(2021?天津市红桥区期中模拟?单项填空?T11)
The
shocking
news
made
me
realize
_____________
terrible
problems
we
would
face.
A.
that
B.
how
C.
why
D.
what
【答案】D
【解析】
考查感叹句。句意:这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合语意可知,此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句,what后接名词或者名词短语,故选D。
(2021?天津市六校期末模拟?单项填空?T4)
This
discovery
helped
researchers
conclude
that
these
two
drugs,
when
___
together,
could
lead
to
heart
disease.
A
taken
B.
taking
C.
to
take
D.
having
taken
【答案】A
【解析】
考查非谓语动词和省略。句意:这一发现帮助研究人员得出结论,当这两种药物同时服用时,可能会导致心脏病。分析句子结构可知,空处省略主语the
two
drags,此处表示药被服用,所以空处需用一般现在时的被动语态:are
taken,此处when引导的时间状语从句,主语与宾语从句主句一致,且含有be动词,所以此处be动词和主语被省略,所以可能从需用过去分词taken,故选A。
(2021?天津一中二模?单项填空?T6)
Bach
died
in
1750,
but
it
was
not
until
the
early
19th
century____
his
musical
gift
was
fully
recognized.
A.
while
B.
though
C.
that
D.
after
【答案】C
【解析】
考查强调句。句意:巴赫死于1750年,但直到19世纪初期他的音乐天赋才被承认。强调句与not
until连用,It
be
not
until
that
…。故选C项。
注:not
until
引起的时间状语置于句首时,句子的主谓应部分倒装。由
not
until
引导的时间状语从句位于句首时,主句应部分倒装,从句语序不变。如:
Not
until
1998
did
he
return
to
his
hometown.
直到
1998
年他才回到家乡。
注意:当not
until
引导的状语或状语从句用于强调句型时,句子的主语不倒装。如将上两句改为强调句应为:
It
was
not
until
1998
that
he
returned
to
his
hometown.
(2021?天津一中二模?单项填空?T10)
—How
long
do
you
think
it
will
be
_____
we
totally
control
the
pandemic?
—Hard
to
say,
but
COVID-19
vaccine
developed
by
Pfizer
and
BioNTech
is
reportedly
more
than
90
percent
effective.
A.
before
B.
when
C.
until
D.
since
【答案】A
【解析】
考查固定句型。句意:——你认为我们要多久才能完全控制这一流行病?——很难说,但据报道,辉瑞公司和BioNTech公司开发的COVID-19疫苗的有效性超过90%。A.
before在……之前;B.
when当……时候;C.
until直到;D.
since自从。此处为句型“it
will
be+一段时间+before”,表示“还要多久才……”。故选A。
(2021?天津一中零模?单项填空?T2)
Fanny
asked
________
made
that
odd?looking
little
cat
so
popular.
A.
what
was
it
that
B.
wat
was
that
C.
what
it
was
that
D.
what
that
was
【答案】C
【解析】
考查宾语从句和强调句。句意:他想知道是什么使她在最后一刻改变了主意。根据句意,他想知道是什么使她在最后一刻改变了主意。分析句子可知,空格处引导宾语从句作
asked的宾语,从句中缺少表语,所以应用
what
引导。又因为从句中包含一个强调句,所以应用
“it
is
(was)
...
that
+
其他”
的结构,强调宾语从句的主语
what,故此处应为
what
it
was
that。故正确答案为C。
(2021?天津一中一模?单项填空?T12)
The
manner
_________
a
telephone
is
answered
gives
the
image
of
the
organization,
so
_______
polite
and
pleasant
when
answering
the
telephone.
A.
in
which;
be
B.
where;
be
C.
which;
being
D.
in
which;
being
【答案】A
【解析】
考查定语从句和祈使句。句意:接听电话的方式会给人留下公司的印象,所以接听电话时要礼貌、愉快。分析句子结构,so为连词,第二空所在的句子缺少主句的谓语动词,排除C项和D项;第一空,in
a
manner为固定用法,设空处引导定语从句,先行词在定语从句中作方式状语,需用in
which引导。故选A。
(2021?天津一中一模?单项填空?T13)
In
my
opinion,
all
Mr.
White
________
good
to
his
students
in
his
class
at
present.
He
is
very
strict
in
their
study.
A.
does
does
does
B.
does
do
do
C.
does
does
do
D.
does
do
does
【答案】C
【解析】
考查谓语动词和助动词。句意:在我看来,目前怀特先生所做的一切对他班上的学生都是有益的。他对他们的学习很严格。分析句子可知,Mr.
White
does为定语从句,修饰all;主语为all
Mr.
White
does,后面的does
do是谓语动词的强调形式。故选C项。
(2021?天津中学一模?单项填空?T12)
Never
before
____________
seen
anybody
who
can
play
tennis
as
well
as
Robert.
A.
had
she
B.
she
had
C.
has
she
D.
she
has
【答案】C
【解析】
考查倒装。句意:在那以前,她从来没有看到一个人可能和Robert一样打乒乓球打得那么好。否定词never放在句首,主句要部分倒装,B、D排除,又因为是过去的情况对现在造成的影响,所以为现在完成时,是第三人称所以用has,所以用现在完成时,排除A,故选C。
(2021?兰州市三诊?短文改错)
They
are
many
after-school
activities
in
my
school.
【答案】They→There
【解析】
考查there
be句型。句意:我们学校有许多课外活动。根据句意可知,此处用there
be存在句,表示“有”,they
are表示“他们是”。故将They改为There。
(2021?淮南市一模?短文改错)
Second,
if
time
permits,
it
does
them
good
to
take
them
to
travel.
Traveling
is
a
good
way
for
them
to
get
relaxed
and
enjoyed
the
beautiful
scenery
outdoors.
【答案】enjoyed

enjoy
【解析】
考查并列结构。句意:旅游对他们来说是一种放松和欣赏户外美景的好方法。and表并列,and前面用动词不定式短语to
get
relaxed,后面也用动词不定式(to
do),to可省略,enjoy用动词原形形式。故将enjoyed改为enjoy。
(2021?桂林市二模?短文改错)
After
arriving
home,
it
occurred
him
that
he
could
make
a
bag
by
using
his
old
trousers.
【答案】occurred后加to
【解析】
考查固定句式。句意:到家后,他突然想到,他可以用他的旧裤子做一个袋子。固定句式:It
occurred
to
sb.
that...,意为“某人突然想起......”。故在occurred后加to。
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