2020-2021学年北师大版高中英语必修五： Unit14 Careers Lesson 3 Grammar 学案

北师大高中英语导学案
班级：
姓名：
课题
Unit
14
Careers
Lesson
3
Nine
to
Five
主备人
课型
Grammar
审核人
时间
月
日
领导签字
学习
目标
To
master
some
usages
of
the
passive
voice.
Be
able
to
put
what
you
have
learned
into
practice.
导学过程
笔记
【课前预习与检测】
完成下列句子
1.
自从18岁后，我的儿子就在经济上独立了。
My
son
has
been
__________
since
18
years
old.
2.
我一看见他就知道他是那家旅馆的老板。
I
knew
he
was
the
boss
of
the
hotel_____________________.
3.
在中国，当与人交谈时你应该直视别人。
In
China,
you
should
______
others
_________when
talking.
4.
周围的村庄已并入了那个日益扩展的城市。
________________have
been
absorbed
by
the
growing
city.
5.
我跟她约好星期六见。
I
her
to
meet
on
Saturday.
【理解拓展，重点知识解析】
间接引语（II）
知识必备
我们用自己的语言转述别人的话语，称为间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句，用陈述句
语序。而主句部分则根据语境的需要选择适当的
转述动词。
1.直接引语变成间接引语分以下几种情况
(1)
直接引语为陈述句：间接引语变成由that引导的宾语从句。
John
said，“I
like
reading
adventure
stories.
”
John
said
that
he
liked
reading
adventure
stories.
(2)直接引语是一般疑问句：间接引语变成由if/
whether引导的宾语从句。
He
asked
Mary,
“Do
you
want
to
go
to
the
concert
with
me?”
He
asked
Mary
if/whether
she
wanted
to
go
to
the
concert
with
him.
(3
)直接引语是选择疑问句：间接引语变成由
whether
...
or
...引导的宾语从句，主句谓语
动词一般用ask。
She
said，“Would
you
like
tea
or
coffee?”
→She
asked
(us)
whether
we
would
like
tea
or
coffee.
(4)直接引语是特殊疑问句：间接引语变成由该疑问
句的疑问词引导的宾语从句。
He
asked，“What
is
it
all
about?”
→He
asked
what
it
was
all
about.
2.直接引语变成间接引语时，除语序要变成陈述句语序外，还有下列内容需要做出相应的变化。
(1)
人称的变化。
a.“一随主”。直接引语的主语为第一人称，变为
间接引语时，从句主语应与主句主语一致。
He
said，“I
like
pop
music.
”
→
He
said
he
liked
pop
music.
b.
“二随宾”。直接引语的主语为第二人称，变为
间接引语时，从句主语应与主句中的宾语一致。
He
told
me,“You
should
hand
it
in
on
Friday.
”
→He
told
me
that
___should
hand
it
in
on
Friday.
c.
“三不变”。直接引语中的主语为第三人称，变
为间接引语时，从句主语可以不变。
Mr.
Smith
said，“She
is
my
workmate.
”
→Mr.
Smith
said
that
she
was
his
workmate.
(2)
时态的变化。
主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句谓语荦词的时态一般也要
作相应的变化。如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，则从句的时态可以不变。
j
直接引语变间接引语时的时态变化
直接引语间接引语一般现在时→—般过去时He
said，“I’m
afraid,
I
can’t
finish
the
work.”He
said
that
he
was
afraid
he
couldn’t
finish
the
work.现在进行时→过去进行时He
said，“I’m
using
the
bike.”
He
said
that
he
was
using
the
bike.现在完成时→过去完成时“l
have
been
to
Sydney，”
said
John.John
said
that
he
had
been
to
Sydney.一般过去时→过去完成时“We
went
water
skiing，”
the
boys
said.The
boys
said
that
they
had
gone
water
skiing.一般将来时→过去将来时She
announced，“I’m
going
to
write
a
new
book
soon.
”She
announced
that
she
was
going
to
write
a
new
book
soon.含情态动词的→该情态动词的过去式“Which
chair
shall
I
sit
on?”
she
asked.She
asked
which
chair
she
should
sit
on.
(3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化。
直接引语间接引语指示
代词this/thesethat/those时
间
状
语nowthentodaythat
daytonightthat
nightyesterdaythe
day
beforelast
week/monththe
week/month
before
the
previous
week/monththe
day
before
yesterdaytwo
days
beforeagobeforetomorrowthe
next
daynext
week/yearthe
next
week/year
the
following
week/year地点状语herethere动词come/bringgo/take
(4)
以上是直接引语变间接引语应遵循的规则,但应特别注意下面几点：
①
直接引语如果是客观真理、自然现象、名言警
句等，变为间接引语时，时态不变。
“The
earth
moves
around
the
sun
and
the
moon
moves
around
the
earth，’’
the
teacher
told
me.
—?The
teacher
told
me
the
earth
____(move)
around
the
sun
and
the
moon
moves
around
the
earth.
②
当直接引语阐述的是一个固定的过去事实，变为间接引语时，时态不变。
My
history
teacher
taught
us,
“The
Peopled
Republic
of
China
was
founded
in
1949.”
—My
history
teacher
taught
us
that
the
People’s
Republic
of
China
was
founded
in
1949.
③
如果直接引语中从句的谓语动词是虚拟语气，
变为间接引语时，其时态不变。
“I
insist
that
you
give
up
smoking，”
said
the
doctor.
—The
doctor
insisted
that
he
____
(give)up
smoking.
(5)
直接引语前面的主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，
变为间接引语时，其时态不变。
He
says，“I
have
accepted
her
suggestion.
’’
—
He
says
that
he
has
accepted
her
suggestion.
【自我检测】
I.把下列句子变为间接引语
1.
“You
should
be
more
careful
next
time,”
his
father
said
to
him.
2.
Mr
Wang
said,
“I
will
leave
for
Shanghai
on
business
next
month,
children.”
3.
“I
haven’t
heard
from
my
parents
these
days，”
said
Mary.
4.
She
said
to
him,
“It’s
time
that
you
left
here.
’’
5.
Zhang
Hong
said
to
me,
“Doctor
Wang
passed
away
in
1948.
”
6.
John
said
to
his
parents，“I
had
learned
500
Chinese
words
by
the
end
of
last
term.
7.
The
history
teacher
said
to
them,
“The
Chines'
Communist
Party
was
founded
on
July
1st，1921.”
8.“Please
come
here
again
tomorrow，’’
her
friend
said
to
her.
away
in
1948.
”
II.把下列句子变为直接引语
1.
I
told
him
that
I
had
lost
my
money
and
that
I
would
find
it.
2.
She
asked
whether
I
would
be
free
the
next
day
or
not.
3.
I
asked
her
where
she
was
going
and
what
she
was
going
to
do
the
next
day.
4.
His
father
told
him
not
to
climb
that
high
tree
in
his
new
coat.
5.
The
stranger
asked
me
what
my
name
was.
6.
She
said
that
she
would
finish
her
work
the
next
day.
【课前预习与检测】
1.
on
his
feet
2.
The
instant
I
saw
him
3.
look；
in
the
eye
4.
The
surrounding
villages
5.
made
an
appointment
with
【理解拓展，重点知识解析】
2.(1).b
I
①moves③should
give(give)
【自我检测】
His
father
told
him
that
he
should
be
more
careful
the
next
time.
Mr.
Wang
told
the
children
that
he
would
leave
for
Shang-hai
on
business
the
next
month.
Mary
said
that
she
hadn't
heard
from
her
parents
those
days.
She
told
him
that
it
was
time
that
he
left
there.
Zhang
Hong
told
me
that
Doctor
Wang
passed
away
in
1948.
John
told
his
parents
that
he
had
learned
500
Chinese
words
by
the
end
of
last
term.
The
history
teacher
told
them
that
the
Chinese
Communist
Party
was
founded
on
July
1st.
1921.
Her
friend
asked
her
to
go
there
again
the
next/
following
day.
II.
1.I
said
to
him,“I
have
lost
my
money.
I
will
find
it.
”
2.She
asked，“You
will
be
free
tomorrow,
won’t
you?”
3.1
asked
her,
“Where
are
you
going
and
what
are
you
going
to
do
tomorrow?”
4.His
father
said，“Don’t
climb
this
high
tree
in
your
new
coat.
”
5.The
stranger
asked，“What’s
your
name?”
6.“I’ll
finish
my
work
tomorrow，”
she
said.
4
/
4