2021-2022学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册People of Achievement课时分层作业（word版含解析）

UNIT
1
PEOPLE
OF
ACHIEVEMENT
课时分层作业(一)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.
The
success
of
this
experiment
is
crucial(关键性的)to
the
project
as
a
whole.
2．These
people
are
short
of
all
understanding
of
scientific(科学的)principles.
3．At
that
time,
I
insisted(坚决要求)that
they
should
wait
for
our
return.
4．The
coach
tried
to
analyse(分析)the
cause
of
our
defeat.
5．The
report
concluded(得出结论)that
no
big
changes
were
necessary.
6．To
their
sadness,
they
failed
to
carry
out
all
their
objectives(目标).
7．The
plan
might
work
better
with
more
favourable
circumstances(环境).
8．It
is
distinct(清晰的)that
smoking
is
harmful
to
health.
9．She
decided
to
go
on
her
study
after
obtaining(获得)her
first
degree.
10．He
acknowledged(承认)that
the
accident
was
due
to
his
carelessness.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
You
probably
know
who
Marie
Curie
was,
but
you
may
not
have
heard
of
Rachel
Carson.Of
the
outstanding
ladies
listed
below,
who
do
you
think
was
the
most
important
woman
of
the
past
100
years?
Jane
Addams(1860—1935)
Anyone
who
has
ever
been
helped
by
a
social
worker
has
Jane
Addams
to
thank.Addams
helped
the
poor
and
worked
for
peace.She
encouraged
a
sense
of
community(社区)by
creating
shelters
and
promoting
education
and
services
for
people
in
need.In
1931，Addams
became
the
first
American
woman
to
win
the
Nobel
Peace
Prize.
Rachel
Carson(1907—1964)
If
it
weren't
for
Rachel
Carson,
the
environmental
movement
might
not
exist
today.Her
popular
1962
book
Silent
Spring
raised
awareness
of
the
dangers
of
pollution
and
the
harmful
effects
of
chemicals
on
humans
and
on
the
world's
lakes
and
oceans.
Sandra
Day
O'Connor(1930—present)
When
Sandra
Day
O'Connor
finished
third
in
her
class
at
Stanford
Law
School,
in
1952,
she
could
not
find
work
at
a
law
firm
because
she
was
a
woman.She
became
an
Arizona
state
senator(参议员)and，in
1981,
the
first
woman
to
join
the
U．S.Supreme
Court.O'Connor
gave
the
deciding
vote
in
many
important
cases
during
her
24
years
on
the
top
court.
Rosa
Parks(1913—2005)
On
December
1，1955，in
Montgomery,
Alabama，Rosa
Parks
would
not
give
up
her
seat
on
a
bus
to
a
passenger.Her
simple
act
landed
Parks
in
prison.But
it
also
set
off
the
Montgomery
bus
boycott.It
lasted
for
more
than
a
year,
and
kicked
off
the
civil?rights
movement.“The
only
tired
I
was,
was
tired
of
giving
in，”said
Parks.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了二十世纪的一些著名的女性及其她们的贡献。
1．What
is
Jane
Addams
noted
for
in
history?
A．Her
social
work.
B．Her
teaching
skills.
C．Her
efforts
to
win
a
prize.
D．Her
community
background.
A　[细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“Anyone
who
has
ever
been
helped
by
a
social
worker
has
Jane
Addams
to
thank.”可知，她是一位社会工作者。]
2．What
was
the
reason
for
O'Connor's
being
rejected
by
the
law
firm?
A．Her
lack
of
proper
training
in
law.
B．Her
little
work
experience
in
court.
C．The
discrimination
against
women.
D．The
poor
financial
conditions.
C　[细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“she
could
not
find
work
at
a
law
firm
because
she
was
a
woman”可知，她因为是女性而被法律公司拒绝录用。]
3．Who
made
a
great
contribution
to
the
civil?rights
movement
in
the
U．S.?
A．Jane
Addams.
B．Rachel
Carson.
C．Sandra
Day
O'Connor.
D．Rosa
Parks.
D　[细节理解题。根据末段倒数第二句“It
lasted
for
more
than
a
year,
and
kicked
off
the
civil?rights
movement.”可知，Rosa
Parks对民权运动做出了贡献。]
4．What
can
we
infer
about
the
women
mentioned
in
the
text?
A．They
are
highly
educated.
B．They
are
truly
creative.
C．They
are
pioneers.
D．They
are
peace?lovers.
C　[推理判断题。根据文章对这几个人物的介绍可知，这些女性都是在各自的领域为社会做出贡献的先驱。]
B
On
Thursday
night
my
two
adult
children
took
us
out
to
dinner
as
our
daughter
lives
in
Bathurst
and
she
will
be
there
for
Father's
Day
with
her
husband's
side
of
the
family.Two
of
our
grandchildren
were
able
to
join
us.
Having
pre?celebrated
my
Father's
Day
and
it
being
on
our
minds,
my
wife
asked
this
question
only
this
morning：
“Do
you
remember
anything
about
your
father？”
While
this
subject
had
come
up
before，however,
the
question
had
not
been
put
so
bluntly
(直率地).I
answered“No.My
only
memory
is
of
the
few
photos
outside.”You
see,
my
father
died
when
I
was
only
four
years
old.
Many
people
have
lost
their
father
early
in
life
and
it
is
easy
to
feel
somewhat
sorry
for
having
to
deal
with
such
a
situation,
especially
when
the
death
has
occurred
when
you
are
at
an
early
age.On
reflection,
I
think
I
do
not
remember
anything
because
he
passed
away
when
he
was
a
member
of
the
Royal
Australian
Air
Force.He
was
a
Corporal(下士)doing
land
based
duties，however,
a
medical
condition
took
his
life.It
was
in
1942.
The
2nd
World
War
was
in
full
battle
and
Australia
was
being
attacked.My
mum
and
I
with
my
younger
brother，were
living
with
my
grandparents
and
I
can
only
imagine
the
emotional
circumstances
that
existed
in
the
household
at
that
time.Probably
not
something
that
would
leave
a
memory.
What
I
would
like
to
say
at
this
time,
as
the
question
is
often
asked
，“What
did
you
learn
from
your
father？”The
thing
I
learnt
from
his
passing,
at
the
age
of
28，is
a
love
of
life.What
I
do
remember
is
growing
up
wondering
if
I
would
live
to
his
age,
and
after
I
did,
thinking
each
year
the
bonus(津贴)of
life
I
had
been
blessed
with
when
compared
to
my
father.
I
have
sometimes
felt
disappointment
in
not
knowing
my
father
but
life
has
moved
on.However,
can
I
say
to
those
who
do
have
fathers,
celebrate
today
with
him
and
return
him
all
the
love
and
happiness
he
has
given
to
you.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者由父亲节切入讲述了父亲的离世对自己的影响——让他认识到了自己生命中的爱。
5．Why
did
the
author
answer
“No”
in
Paragraph
4?
A．He
didn't
want
to
talk
about
his
father.
B．His
father
died
when
he
was
very
young.
C．He
was
much
disappointed
in
his
father.
D．There
was
no
photo
of
his
father
left.
B　[细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“You
see，my
father
died
when
I
was
only
four
years
old.”可知，作者回答说不记得关于父亲的事情了是因为父亲在作者很小的时候就离世了，故B项正确。]
6．What
do
we
know
about
the
author?
A．He
is
the
only
child
of
his
parents.
B．His
father
died
of
a
medical
condition.
C．He
remembered
quite
a
lot
about
his
father.
D．He
lived
with
his
parents
during
World
War
Ⅱ.
B　[细节理解题。根据第五段的最后部分“however，a
medical
condition
took
his
life.It
was
in
1942”可知，作者的父亲于1942年死于疾病，故B项正确。]
7．The
father's
passing
makes
the
author________．
A．realize
the
love
of
his
own
life
B．hope
to
live
longer
than
his
father
C．feel
very
disappointed
all
the
time
D．want
to
get
more
bonus
from
life
A　[细节理解题。根据第七段的第二句“The
thing
I
learnt
from
his
passing，at
the
age
of
28，is
a
love
of
life.”可知，父亲的离世让作者认识到了自己生命中的爱，故A项正确。]
8．What
is
the
author
mainly
talking
about
in
this
passage?
A．His
father's
life.
B．His
Father's
Day.
C．His
fatherless
childhood.
D．His
father's
influence.
D　[主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据最后两段内容可知，作者由父亲节切入讲述了父亲的离世对自己的影响——让他认识到了自己生命中的爱，故D项(父亲的影响)正确。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
We
all
have
days,
or
even
weeks,
on
the
job
when
our
productivity
declines.But
if
your
output
has
been
steadily
decreasing,
it
could
be
because
you're
wasting
time
rather
than
focusing
on
key
tasks
at
hand.__1__
Turn
off
your
cellphone
If
you're
eager
to
stop
wasting
time
at
the
office，silence
your
cellphone.__2__Turn
on
your
phone
only
during
breaks.
Organize
your
calendar
It's
easy
to
waste
time
when
you
don't
have
a
preset
schedule
outlining
your
days
at
work.But
if
you're
guilty
of
not
maximizing
your
time
at
the
office，it'll
help
to
create
a
daily
calendar
with
blocks
of
time
for
various
tasks.
Organize
your
space
__3__If
your
desk
is
in
a
mess，carve
out
some
time
to
get
it
organized.Throw
away
papers
you
don't
need，file
essential
documents
in
some
sort
of
order,
and
make
your
supplies
more
accessible.
Build
in
breaks
Sometimes
we
waste
time
at
work
by
talking
to
colleagues,
checking
text
messages,
or
surfing
the
Internet
because
our
minds
need
a
break
from
the
constant
work.If
that
sounds
like
you，then
you'd
better
schedule
some
breaks
during
the
day.__4__
The
more
time
you
waste
at
work,
the
more
your
manager
and
peers
are
likely
to
take
notice—and
that's
a
good
way
to
hurt
your
reputation
and
put
your
job
at
risk.__5__Doing
so
might
save
you
from
a
busy
night.
A．Ask
your
manager
for
permission
to
use
his
office.
B．Here
are
a
few
steps
you
can
take
to
stop
wasting
time
at
work.
C．Instead,
clean
up
your
act
and
keep
searching
for
ways
to
be
more
efficient.
D．Give
family
members
and
close
friends
a
way
to
reach
you
in
an
emergency.
E．Conversations
in
the
office
are
far
more
interesting
than
the
work
you
are
doing.
F．A
messy
workplace
can
make
you
inefficient
even
when
you're
trying
to
do
better.
G．This
way，you'll
get
that
need
out
of
your
system
so
you
can
then
go
back
to
concentrating.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇社会类说明文。工作效率太低怎么办？试试这4种方法。
1．B　[根据前句“但如果你的产出效率在持续下降，可能是因为你在浪费时间而非专注于手头上的重要工作”以及下文内容可知，B项“这有一些建议可以使你在工作中减少时间的浪费”可起到承上启下的作用。]
2.D　[根据前句“If
you're
eager
to
stop
wasting
time
at
the
office，silence
your
cellphone.(如果你不想在办公室继续浪费时间，那就关掉你的手机)”和后句“Turn
on
your
Phone
only
during
breaks.(只在休息时间打开手机)”可知，在紧急情况下，给你的家人和亲密的朋友一个联系你的方法。]
3．F　[根据小标题Organize
your
space(整理你的空间)，和后句“If
your
desk
is
in
a
mess，carve
out
some
time
to
get
it
organized.(如果你的办公桌乱糟糟的，挤出点时间把它整理一下)”可知，即使你想做得更好，但凌乱的工作环境会让你效率低下。]
4．G　[根据前句“If
that
sounds
like
you，then
you'd
better
schedule
some
breaks
during
the
day.”可知，如果这听起来像你(的情况)，那么你最好安排一些休息时间，G项“这样，你就可以得到休息，之后重新集中注意力”可承接上文。]
5．C　[根据前句“The
more
time
you
waste
at
work，the
more
your
manager
and
peers
are
likely
to
take
notice—and
that's
a
good
way
to
hurt
your
reputation
and
put
your
job
at
risk.(你在工作中浪费的时间越多，你的经理和同事就越容易注意到——这是一个损害你声誉和使你的工作处于危险中的好方法)”和后句“Doing
so
might
save
you
from
a
busy
night.(这样做可能会让你从忙碌的夜晚中解脱出来)”可知，C项符合语境。]
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