人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement B卷 能力提升单元测试卷（ word版含解析 无听力试题）

Unit
1
People
of
Achievement
B卷
基础夯实
本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
第一部分
阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
1.???
If
it
had
not
been
for
Fan
Jinshi
and
her
team,
the
world
cultural
heritage(遗产)
at
Dunhuang
Mogao
Grottoes
in
a
remote
Chinese
desert
might
have
long
been
destroyed
by
sand,
weather
or
humans.
???
Fan
has
spent
more
than
half
a
century
fighting
an
uphill
battle
to
preserve
the
ancient
Buddhist
wall
paintings
at
Dunhuang,
in
Northwest
China's
Gansu
Province.
Dunhuang
Mogao
Grottoes
are
a
huge
collection
of
Buddhist
art—more
than
2,000
Buddha
figures
and
45,000
square
meters
of
paintings
spread
among
735
caves.
It
is
one
of
China's
UNESCO
World
Heritage
Sites.
???
Archaeologist
Fan
was
sent
to
Dunhuang
after
graduating
from
Peking
University
in
1963.
While
in
Dunhuang,
a
remote
village
in
the
desert
then,
Fan
lived
in
an
abandoned
temple.
At
first,
she
did
not
even
dare
to
go
out
to
the
toilet
at
night.
To
protect
the
treasures
from
sand
and
dampness,
Fan
and
other
workers
put
doors
on
the
caves,
planted
trees
and
started
monitoring
temperature
and
humidity(湿度)
in
the
caves.
They
also
controlled
the
number
of
visitors.
???
In
the
late
1990s,
with
tourism
booming
nationwide
since
national
holidays
were
extended,
the
local
government
planned
to
go
public
with
Dunhuang
Mogao
Grottoes,
but
found
Fan
firmly
in
their
way.
"The
heritage
would
have
been
destroyed
if
it
had
been
listed,"
she
said.
???
Dunhuang
Academy
has
now
photographed
and
catalogued
online
all
the
sculptures
and
paintings.
"Despite
our
efforts
to
minimize
damage,
we
can't
completely
stop
them
from
being
eroded(腐蚀).
But
the
digital
database
will
last."
???
Fan
was
grateful
when
her
husband
joined
her
in
Dunhuang
in
1986
after
19
years
of
separation.
Her
two
sons
grew
up
in
Shanghai
with
their
aunt.
"I
have
not
been
a
good
mother
or
wife.
With
regard
to
my
family,
I'm
full
of
guilt,"
she
said.
Fan,
81,
retired
four
years
ago
as
the
director
of
Dunhuang
Academy
but
continues
her
efforts
as
an
honorary
president
of
Dunhuang
Academy.
1.
Which
of
the
following
measures
didn't
Fan
Jinshi
take
to
protect
Dunhuang
Mogao
Grottoes?
A.
Opening
Dunhuang
Mogao
Grottoes
to
the
public
extensively.
B.
Planting
trees
and
stopping
Dunhuang
Mogao
Grottoes
being
eroded.
C.
Picturing
and
classifying
all
the
sculptures
and
paintings
online.
D.
Putting
doors
on
the
caves
and
monitoring
temperature
and
humidity.
2.
When
was
Fan
separated
from
her
husband?
A.
In
1963.
B.
In
1967.
C.
In
1986.
D.
In
the
late
1990s.
3.
What
kind
of
person
do
you
think
Fan
is?
A.
Considerate
and
easy-going.
B.
Kind
and
intelligent.
C.
Humorous
and
sweet-tempered.
D.
Committed
and
persistent.
2.???
Born
in
London
in
1825,
Thomas
Henry
Huxley
was
one
of
the
greatest
men
of
the
nineteenth
century.
In
1846
Thomas
Henry
Huxley
was
appointed
assistant
doctor
aboard
H.
M.
S.
Rattlesnake.
The
ship
had
been
asked
to
survey
areas
of
the
Great
Barrier
Reef
and
the
neighboring
seas.
This
gave
Thomas
Henry
Huxley
an
opportunity
to
study
animal
life
and
was
the
start
of
his
biological
career.
The
voyage
lasted
four
years,
during
which
time
he
gathered
much
information
on
plankton(浮游生物).
???
On
his
return
from
the
voyage,
Thomas
Henry
Huxley
was
made
a
member
of
the
Royal
Society
in
recognition
of
his
scientific
work.
Although
he
continued
to
publish
papers
about
plankton,
his
interest
was
turning
towards
vertebrate(有脊椎的)
animals.
For
some
time
Thomas
Henry
Huxley
and
his
workmates
had
been
discussing
the
possibility
that
animal
species
had
evolved,
one
from
another.
No
satisfactory
theories
had
been
put
forward,
but
in
1859
Darwin's
On
the
Origin
of
Species
appeared.
Thomas
Henry
Huxley
at
once
realized
its
importance
and
how
the
theory
of
natural
selection
provided
"the
working
hypothesis(假说)
we
sought".
???
For
the
rest
of
his
life
Thomas
Henry
Huxley
struggled
to
ensure
the
full
recognition
of
Darwin's
work.
In
1863
Thomas
Henry
Huxley
published
Man's
Place
in
Nature
in
which
he
compared
man
and
great
apes(猿).
He
clearly
showed
similarities.
???
Despite
his
many
achievements,
he
was
given
no
award
by
the
British
state
until
late
in
his
life.
From
about
1870,
Thomas
Henry
Huxley
was
too
involved
in
other
things
to
continue
actual
research.
He
had
always
been
interested
in
education.
He
pioneered
the
teaching
of
biology
and
his
method
of
selecting
"type
animals"
is
still
followed
today.
He
spent
the
last
ten
years
of
his
life
writing
essays
mainly
on
biology.
1.
Why
did
Huxley
go
on
the
voyage?
A.
To
explore
the
deep
sea.
B.
To
do
research
on
sea
animals.
C.
To
work
as
a
doctor
on
the
ship.
D.
To
gather
information
for
his
paper.
2.
How
did
Huxley
react
to
the
theory
of
natural
selection?
A.
He
had
doubt
about
it.
B.
He
thought
highly
of
it.
C.
He
couldn't
understand
it.
D.
He
thought
he
developed
it
first.
3.
What
do
we
know
about
Huxley's
book
Man's
Place
in
Nature?
A.
It
discusses
the
importance
of
human
beings.
B.
It
focuses
on
Darwin's
theory
of
natural
selection.
C.
It
talks
about
the
differences
between
man
and
apes.
D.
It
provides
evidence
about
the
evolution
of
man
from
apes.
4.
What
can
we
learn
about
Huxley
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.
He
contributed
a
lot
to
biology
teaching.
B.
He
continued
his
research
till
his
death.
C.
He
became
a
good
novelist
late
in
his
life.
D.
He
never
got
awards
for
his
achievements.
3.???
The
Nobel
Prize
in
Literature,
which
has
been
awarded
almost
every
year
since
1901,
nets(净赚)
the
winning
author
747,000
pounds($915,000),
a
medal,
a
certificate,
and
the
legal
duty
to
deliver
a
lecture
in
Sweden
at
some
future
date.
The
winner
was
selected,
as
usual,
by
the
Swedish
Academy,
which
also
picked
a
second
laureate
(获奖者)
this
year
to
make
up
for
the
fact
that
no
prize
was
presented
in
2018
because
of
a
scandal(丑闻).
???
The
Nobel
Prize
in
Literature
for
2018
was
awarded
to
the
Polish
author
Olga
Tokarczuk
"for
a
narrative
imagination
that
with
encyclopedic(百科全书式的)
passion
represents
the
crossing
of
boundaries
as
a
form
of
life".
She
won
last
year's
Man
Booker
International
Prize
for
her
novel
Flights.
Her
representative
works
include
Drive
Your
Plow
Over
the
Bones
of
the
Dead
and
Primeval
and
Other
Times.
The
Nobel
Prize
in
Literature
for
2019
was
awarded
to
the
Austrian
author
Peter
Handke
"for
an
influential
work
that
with
linguistic
ingenuity(语言的独创性)
has
explored
the
periphery
and
the
specificity
of
human
experience".
His
representative
works
include
A
Sorrow
Beyond
Dreams,
Slow
Homecoming
and
The
Great
Fall.
???
Before
the
announcement
of
the
Nobel
Prize
in
Literature
winners,
there
were
also
two
nominees(被提名者)
who
had
attracted
much
attention.
Chinese
people
were
keeping
their
eyes
on
nominee
Can
Xue.
Can
Xue,
whose
real
name
is
Deng
Xiaohua,
was
born
in
central
China's
Hunan
Province
in
1953.
She
had
a
tough
childhood,
working
as
a
worker
in
a
street
factory
for
eight
years.
Her
life
experience
has
formed
her
own
unique
literary
path.
Can's
books
have
been
translated
and
published
outside
China.
Frontier,
published
in
the
US
in
2017,
won
attention
and
applause
from
the
West.
???
The
other
hot
guess
was
Japanese
writer
Haruki
Murakami,
whose
books
and
stories
have
been
bestsellers
in
Japan
as
well
as
internationally,
with
his
works
being
translated
into
50
languages
and
selling
millions
of
copies
outside
his
native
country.
His
works
have
received
numerous
awards.
Internet
users
kept
eyes
on
him
for
the
Nobel
Prize
in
Literature
because
he
had
become
a
hot
guess
for
years.
His
representative
works
include
Norwegian
Wood,
Kafka
on
the
Shore
and
1Q84.
1.Why
were
two
writers
awarded
the
Nobel
Prize
in
Literature
this
year?
A.To
fill
the
prize
gap
of
2018.
B.To
attract
more
people's
attention.
C.To
inspire
more
outstanding
writers.
D.To
satisfy
the
development
of
literature.
2.What
made
Olga
Tokarczuk
win
the
Nobel
Prize
in
Literature?
A.Her
high
popularity.
B.Her
language
skills.
C.Her
numerous
works.
D.Her
writing
style.
3.Which
book
can
you
choose
if
you
are
interested
in
Peter
Handke's
style?
A.Flights.
B.The
Great
Fall.
C.Frontier.
D.Kafka
on
the
Shore.
4.Why
did
the
Internet
users
pay
close
attention
to
Haruki
Murakami?
A.He
had
created
hundreds
of
great
novels.
B.He
had
received
lots
of
awards
all
the
time.
C.He
had
been
supposed
to
win
the
prize
for
years.
D.He
had
been
recognized
as
the
most
popular
writer.
4.???
For
years,
Hamzeh
AlMaaytah
supported
a
community
of
book
lovers
in
Jordan,
keeping
his
bookstore
in
Amman's
old
center
open
around
the
clock,
encouraging
customers
to
stay
for
a
long
time
over
rare
treasures
and
often
allowing
them
to
set
the
price
for
a
purchase.
???
His
supporters
recently
had
a
chance
to
repay
him
when
the
local
landmark
was
threatened
with
closure,
following
a
sudden
illness
that
put
him
out
of
action
for
several
months
as
bills
were
piling
up.
By
April,
330
people
from
more
than
20
countries
had
contributed
$18,000
in
a
crowd-finding
(众筹)campaign
launched
by
two
friends.
???
The
money
allows
AlMaaytah
to
repair
his
small
space
and
expand
to
a
storefront
next
to
it,
where
he
hopes
to
set
up
a
literary
salon,
a
display
of
rare
books
and
a
reading
comer.
Up
to
now,
much
of
the
store's
activity
has
taken
place
outdoors,
with
books
laid
out
under
a
sheet
on
the
sidewalk.
???
Despite
the
recent
financial
scare,
the
36-year-old
shopkeeper
is
sticking
to
his
"pay
as
you
please"
business
model,
applied
to
most
books.
Customers
can
also
pay
a
small
amount
of
fee
to
borrow
books
or
read
rare
editions
in
the
store.
???
"It's
risky.
But
it's
also
an
adventure."
said
AlMaaytah.
"You
would
be
surprised
what
putting
your
trust
in
people
can
do.
It
doesn't
just
make
more
room
for
generosity.
They
also
want
to
come
back
for
more.
More
books,
more
conversations."
???
AlMaaytah
recently
renamed
his
branch
"Mahall
al-Maa"
loosely
translated
as
"Source
of
Water."
to
reflect
his
belief
that
books—like
water—are
a
necessity
and
should
be
accessible
to
all.
???
Such
access
has
been
a
problem
in
Jordan,
which
lacks
government-funded
community
libraries,
forcing
readers
to
buy
expensive
books
or
go
to
university
libraries,
said
Sara
Qudah,
the
culture
editor
of
the
Al-Rai
newspaper.
(1).What
did
AlMaaytah
advise
people
to
do
according
to
Paragraph
1?
A.To
work
hard
for
good
pay.
B.To
keep
valuable
jewelry.
C.To
enjoy
some
rare
books.
D.To
go
to
look
for
treasures.
(2).What
did
people
do
to
repay
AlMaaytah?
A.People
donated
some
money
to
him.
B.People
paid
almost
all
his
bills.
C.People
decorated
his
bookstore
for
him.
D.People
launched
crowd-funding
campaigns.
(3).Why
has
much
of
the
store's
activity
been
held
outdoors?
A.There
is
a
reading
comer
outdoors.
B.All
the
books
are
put
outdoors
now.
C.The
store
tries
to
attract
customers.
D.The
store
is
small.
(4).Which
of
the
following
statements
does
AlMaaytah
agreewith?
A.People
want
to
be
put
your
trust
in
wherever
they
live.
B.Books
are
a
must
and
all
should
have
access
to
them.
C.More
room
should
be
made
for
people
to
show
generosity.
D.People
want
to
read
more
books
and
make
more
conversations.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
5.阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。?
???
Florence
Nightingale
was
named
after
her
birthplace,
Florence,
Italy.
When
she
was
almost
a
year
old,
she
returned
with
her
family
to
England.
???
Florence
often
helped
her
mother
deliver
food
to
the
poor
and
sick.?①________
Her
family
was
shocked
because
nursing
was
not
a
respected
profession.
???
But
Florence
was
determined.
She
studied
books
on
medicine.
Later,
she
visited
hospitals
in
France,
Germany
and
Ireland
and
learned
everything
she
could.
②________
???
In
1854,
Britain
was
at
war
with
Russia.
Florence
went
to
the
British
hospital
in
Scutari
(now
?sküdar
in
Istanbul)
and
she
was
shocked.
The
hospital
left
men
lying
on
the
floor,
and
rats
were
running
everywhere.?③________
Many
soldiers
died
before
receiving
help.
???
The
doctors
wouldn't
listen
to
Florence
because
they
didn't
like
the
idea
of
women
in
army
hospitals—until
one
day
500
unexpected
casualties
(伤亡者)arrived.?④________
Florence
made
changes,
making
sure
the
men
were
washed
and
their
injuries
were
cared
for.
Every
night
she
would
check
the
patients
with
her
lamp.
???
When
she
returned
home
after
the
war,
a
fund
had
been
set
up
in
her
honor.
Many
of
the
soldiers
she
had
nursed
had
made
contributions.
Now
she
could
set
up
the
Nightingale
Training
School
in
London.
???
After
years
of
hard
work,
Florence
Nightingale
saw
cleaner
and
more
cheerful
hospitals.?⑤________
All
of
this
was
because
of
the
"lady
with
the
lamp".
A.?Nursing
became
an
honored
profession.
B.?There
was
no
running
water
and
no
heat.
C.?She
knew
she
had
much
to
learn
about
nursing.
D.?Florence
saw
the
soldiers'
health
had
improved.
E.?As
she
grew
older,
she
decided
to
become
a
nurse.
F.?They
soon
realized
that
Florence
knew
what
she
was
doing.
G.?Upon
returning
home,
she
was
an
expert
on
hospital
management.
第二部分
语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
6.???
Craven,
26,
had
to
get
around
the
world
to
be
at
the
hospital
for
his
wife
was
going
to
give
birth.
He
was
in
Afghanistan.
He????
1???
?to
Kuwait
and
then
to
Philadelphia,
where
matters
grew????
2???
?Storms
caused
a
cancellation
so
he
was????
3???
?to
stay
in
a
hotel
overnight.
He
was
scheduled
to
fly
out
the
next
morning.
???
While
sitting
on
the
plane
on
Thursday
morning,
they
experienced
repair
issues.
After
about
30
minutes
of
remaining
seated
on
the
plane,
everybody
had
to????
4???
?the
plane
and
went
back
inside
again.
After
that
was
delay
after
delay.
???
"They
just
kept
pushing
it,"
Craven
said.
"If
they
had????
5???
?the
plane
from
the
beginning,
I
would
have
found
another
way
home
somehow."
???
"Because
of
the
bad
???
6???
,
there
were
not
rental
vehicles
at
all
from
the
airport,"
he
said.
"The????
7???
?flight
didn't
work
until
10:30
a.
m.
the
next
day.
So
I
would
have????
8???
?all
of
it."
???
???
9???
,
word
of
Craven's
plight(困境)
started
spreading
among????
10???
.?His
story
reached
Charlene
Vickers
who
was
also
on
a
deadline.
She
needed
to????
11???
?Charleston
by
noon
on
Friday.
???
She????
12???
?herself
to
Craven
and
said,
"I'm
going
to
drive
to
West
Virginia
tonight.
So
are
you
willing
to
join
this????
13???
?party
of
ours?"
Craven
didn't
even
wait
to
get
his
suitcase.
The
group
arrived
at
his
house
just
past
midnight.
His
9-pound,
8-ounce
boy,
Cooper,
was????
14???
?the
next
morning.
???
"If
it
hadn't
been
for
Charlene,
I
never
would
have
made
it,"
Craven
said.
"All
she
wanted????
15???
?was
pictures
of
the
baby."
1.
A.
drove????
B.
flew????
C.
walked????
D.
rode
2.
A.
complicated????
B.
valuable????
C.
exciting????
D.
pleasing
3.
A.
invited????
B.
punished????
C.
forced????
D.
expected
4.
A.
take
off????
B.
put
up????
C.
get
off????
D.
set
up
5.
A.
canceled????
B.
arranged????
C.
complained????
D.
repaired
6.
A.
traffic????
B.
weather????
C.
route????
D.
travel
7.
A.
fast????
B.
next????
C.
new????
D.
only
8.
A.
missed????
B.
evaluated????
C.
achieved????
D.
destroyed
9.
A.
Generally????
B.
Apparently????
C.
Fortunately????
D.
Frequently
10.
A.
soldiers????
B.
pilots????
C.
drivers????
D.
passengers
11.
A.
leave????
B.
reach????
C.
pass????
D.
control
12.
A.
introduced????
B.
devoted????
C.
abandoned????
D.
committed
13.
A.
unique????
B.
energetic????
C.
regular????
D.
crazy
14.
A.
gone????
B.
sent????
C.
lost????
D.
born
15.
A.
in
time????
B.
in
use????
C.
in
return????
D.
in
need
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
7.???
Yu
Rong,
a
famous
artist,
thinks
of
a
new
way
to
introduce?①________
ancient
story
of
Hua
Mulan
in
her
picture
book.
In
the
book,
I
Am
Hua
Mulan,
she
tells
the
story
by
②________
(combine)
paper-cutting
with
international
artistic
styles.
She
places
Shaanxi
paper-cuts
over
western-style
pencil
sketches
(素描)
③________
(create)
a
typical
presentation
of
Chinese
elements,
which
turns
out
to
be
a
④________
(success)
and
impressive
breakthrough.
???
Hua
Mulan,?⑤________
story
has
been
told
by
generations
in
China,
was
a
fighter
from
the
Northern
Wei
Dynasty(386
-534).
As
a
devoted
daughter,
she
dressed
herself
as
a
man
to
serve
in
the
army?⑥________
place
of
her
father.
Mulan's
characteristics,
such
as
courage,
kindness
and
a
disinterested
attitude
toward
fame
and
fortune,
made
⑦________
(she)
one
of
the
most
respected
historical
Chinese
heroines.
Mulan's
story
has
been
adapted
⑧________
(frequent)
in
modern
media.
For
example,
in
1998,
Disney
produced
a
film
named
Mulan,
which
⑨________
(consider)
a
great
success
by
critics
and
the
public.
???
To
better
tell
the
story,
Yu
Rong
draws
inspiration
from
her
several
⑩________
(visit)
to
sites
of
ancient
battles
and
Henan
Opera.
After
years
of
preparation
she
finally
makes
this
extraordinary
work.
第三部分
写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节
（满分15分）
8.请根据下面提示,写一篇介绍著名科学家屠呦呦的短文。词数60—80。
1.?屠呦呦是一位忠诚的科学家,1930年出生于浙江。(commit)
2.?大学毕业后,她一直从事研究工作,目的是找到治疗疟疾的新疗法。(graduate,
objective)
3.?经历了许多次失败后,她终于找到了青蒿素,这是一种公认的治疗疟疾的有效药物。(defeat,
effective)
4.?由于她对医学界的贡献,2015年她被授予诺贝尔奖。
(contribution,
award)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节
（满分25分）
9.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
???
The
event
that
stands
out
in
Tom's
memory
happened
one
morning
when
Tom
was
only
ten
years
old.
He
was
at
home
with
his
elder
sister
Jane.
Tom
was
doing
his
homework
when
he
heard
raised
voices.
At
first
he
thought
nothing
of
it
since
customers
in
the
motorcycle
shop
directly
below
their
flat
often
became
loud,
but
he
soon
realized
this
time
it
was
different.
???
"Quick!
Quick!
Remove
the
motorcycles
from
the
shop."
someone
shouted.
???
Then
a
thick
burning
smell
filled
the
air.
When
Tom
opened
the
front
door
of
their
flat
to
investigate,
a
thick
cloud
of
smoke
greeted
him.
The
motorcycle
shop
had
caught
fire
and
people
were
running
and
crying.
???
Jane,
who
had
been
playing
the
violin
in
her
room,
hurried
to
the
living
room.
They
rushed
out
of
the
door
and
along
the
corridor
(走廊)through
the
smoke.
???
They
were
heading
towards
the
stairway
at
the
far
end
of
the
corridor
when
Jane
suddenly
stopped
in
her
track.
She
turned
around
and
headed
back
the
way
they
came.
Tom
had
no
idea
what
she
was
doing,
but
he
followed
her.
???
Jane
had
suddenly
remembered
the
lady
in
her
70s
who
lived
next
door
to
them,
who
they
called
Makcik.
Jane
began
banging
on
Makcik's
door,
but
got
no
answer.
As
the
smoke
thickened
around
them,
Tom
could
see
many
of
their
neighbors—some
still
in
their
pajamas
(睡衣)—running
for
safety.
The
thought
of
fear
crossed
his
mind.
???
"She
would
have
run
for
safety
like
everyone
else!"
Tom
cried.
However,
Jane
refused
to
give
up.
"I
know
Makcik's
still
inside."
She
said
she
was
familiar
with
Makcik's
daily
routine
and
was
certain
she
would
still
be
sleeping.
She
pounded
against
the
door.
"Go
downstairs.
Go
now!
Go!"
Paragraph
1
:
???
Tom
noticed
the
flame
was
reaching
up._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2
：
???
Luckily,
some
neighbors
passing
by
stopped
and
offered
help.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
1.答案：1-3
ABD
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"To
protect
the
treasures
from
sand
and
dampness,
Fan
and
other
workers
put
doors
on
the
caves,
planted
trees
and
started
monitoring
temperature
and
humidity(湿度)
in
the
caves.
They
also
controlled
the
number
of
visitors"及第五段中的"Dunhuang
Academy
has
now
photographed
and
catalogued
online
all
the
sculptures
and
paintings"可知，为了保护敦煌莫高窟，樊锦诗和其他工作人员给洞穴装上门、植树、监测洞内温度和湿度、控制游客数量并在网上对所有的雕塑和绘画进行了拍照和编目。A项是与"控制游客数量"这一措施相反的情况。故选A。
2.考查简单计算。根据最后一段中的"Fan
was
grateful
when
her
husband
joined
her
in
Dunhuang
in
1986
after
19
years
of
separation"可知，樊锦诗和她的丈夫是在1986年的19年前即1967年分开的。
3.考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Fan
has
spent
more
than
half
a
century
fighting
an
uphill
battle
to
preserve
the
ancient
Buddhist
wall
paintings
at
Dunhuang"及最后一段中的"I
have
not
been
a
good
mother
or
wife.
With
regard
to
my
family,
I'm
full
of
guilt"可知，樊锦诗放弃照顾家庭,一生守护敦煌莫高窟。由此可判断出樊锦诗对工作尽心尽力，坚持不懈。
2.答案：1-4
CBDA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段的“In
1846
Thomas
Henry
Huxley
was
appointed
assistant
doctor
aboard
H.
M.
S.
Rattlesnake.
(1846年，托马斯?亨利?赫胥黎被任命为H.
M.
S.
Rattlesnake号上的助理医生）”可知，赫胥黎航海是因为他在船上当医生，故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thomas
Henry
Huxley
at
once
realized
its
importance
and
how
the
theory
of
natural
selection
provided
'the
working
hypothesis
we
sought'.（托马斯?亨利?赫胥黎立刻意识到它的重要性，以及自然选择理论如何提供了‘我们所寻求的工作假设’）”可知，赫胥黎对自然选择理论评价很高，故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段可知，1863年，托马斯?亨利?赫胥黎发表了《人类在自然界的位置》一书，将人类与类人猿进行了比较。他明显指出了相似之处。即托马斯?亨利?赫胥黎的书《人类在自然界的位置》为人类从类人猿进化而来提供了证据，故选D。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段的“He
had
always
been
interested
in
education.
He
pioneered
the
teaching
of
biology
and
his
method
of
selecting
'type
animals'
is
still
followed
today.
He
spent
the
last
ten
years
of
his
life
writing
essays
mainly
on
biology.”推断出，赫胥黎对生物教学做出了很大贡献，故选A。
3.答案：1-4.ADBC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句The
winner
was
selected,
as
usual,
by
the
Swedish
Academy,
which
also
picked
a
second
laureate(获奖者)
this
year
to
make
up
for
the
fact
that
no
prize
was
presented
in
2018
because
of
a
scandal(丑闻).可知,瑞典文学院2019年还选出了第二名获奖者,以弥补在2018年由于丑闻没有颁奖这一事实,故选A项。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段第一句The
Nobel
Prize
in
Literature
for
2018
was
awarded
to
the
Polish
author
Oiga
Tokarczuk
"for
a
narrative
imagination
that
with
encyclopedic百科全书式的)
passion
represents
the
crossing
of
boundaries
as
a
form
of
life".可知,“叙事富于百科全书式的激情和想象力,代表了一种跨越边界的生命形式”是这位作家的写作风格,也就是说她的写作风格使她赢得了这个奖,故选D项。
3.细节理解题。根据题干中的Peter
Handke可以定位到第三段,再根据该段最后一句His
representative
works
include
A
Sorrow
Beyond
Dreams,
Slow
Homecoming
and
The
Great
Fall.可知,The
Great
Fall是彼得·汉德克的代表作之一,如果对他的风格感兴趣可以看这本书,故选B项。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句Internet
users
kept
eyes
on
him
for
the
Nobel
Prize
in
Literature
because
he
had
become
a
hot
guess
for
years.可知,互联网用户关注着村上春树是因为多年来他都是这个奖的热门人选,这说明多年来大家都以为他会获得这个奖,故选C项。
4.答案：(1)-(3)CADB
解析：(1).细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...encouraging
customers
to
stay
for
a
long
time
over
rare
treasures
and
often
allowing
them
to
set
the
price
for
a
purchase.”可知,他鼓励顾客在稀有书籍前驻足,允许他们确定购买价格,故C项正确。
(2).细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“
By
April,330
people
from
more
than
20
countries
had
contributed
$18,000
in
a
crow-
funding
campaign
launched
by
two
friends.”可知,为了回报他,人们给他捐款。
(3).推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句“
The
money
allows
AlMaaytah
to
repair
his
small
space
and
expand
to
a
storefront
next
to
it...”可知,阿勒迈塔想用这笔资金翻修狭小、拥挤的书店。由此可推断出,书店的大部分活动都在室外进行的原因是书店狭小拥挤,故D项正确。
(4).细节理解题。根据第六段的“...to
reflect
his
belief
that
books—like
water—are
a
necessity
and
should
be
accessible
to
all.”可知,B项正确。
5.答案：EGBFA
解析：①根据下一句“
Her
family
was
shocked
because
nursing
was
not
a
respected
profession”可知,E项“随着南丁格尔慢慢长大,她决定要当一名护士”符合该处语境。
②根据上一句“
Later,
she
visited
hospitals
in
France,
Germany
and
Ireland
and
learned
everything
she
could.
"可知,南丁格尔回到家乡后已经非常熟悉医院管理方面的知识。
③B项内容与上一句
“The
hospital
left
men
lying
on
the
for,
and
rats
were
running
everywhere.”并列,描述医院的惨状。
④根据上一句中的“The
doctors
wouldn't
listen
to
Florence”和下一句中的“
Florence
made
changes”可知,空格处在此承上启下,因此F项“他们很快意识到南丁格尔知道她自己在做什么”符合该处语境。
⑤根据上一段末句中的“
she
could
set
up
the
Nightingale
Training
School
in
London”以及该段中的“cleaner
and
more
cheerful
hospitals”可知,南丁格尔经过多年的努力使得护士成了一个令人尊敬的职业。
6.答案：1-5
BACCA
6-10
BBACD
11-15
BADDC
解析：1.根据"Craven，
26，
had
to
get
around
the
world
to
be
at
the
hospital
for
his
wife
was
going
to
give
birth"以及下文中出现的"fly
out"
"on
the
plane"可知,
Craven要及时回到家，坐飞机到了科威特。
2.根据下文中的"Storms
caused
a
cancellation
so
he
was
3
to
stay
in
a
hotel
overnight"可知，事情变得复杂了。
3.因为暴风雨，航班取消，
Craven被迫（forced)在一家宾馆住一晚。
4.下文提到飞机延误，由此可知乘客们此时是下(get
off)飞机。
5.根据下文中的"I
would
have
found
another
way
home
somehow"可知，此处意为"如果他们一开始就取消航班，我就找其他办法回家了"。根据语境可知选A项。
6.暴风雨造成了飞机航班的推迟，故可知是天气恶劣。
7.根据语境可知，下一个航班在第二天。
8.根据下文内容可知，如果乘坐第二天的航班，他肯定会错过(missed)孩子出生。
9.根据下文内容可知，幸运的是，关于Craven的困境的消息在人们之间传播，最后Craven得到了Charlene
Vickers的帮助。
10.由下文中的"His
story
reached
Charlene
Vickers
who
was
also
on
a
deadline.
She
needed
to
11
Charleston
by
noon
on
Friday"可知，
Craven的故事应是在其他乘客之间传播。
11.根据下文内容可知，
Charlene需要到达Charleston。
12.根据语境可知，两人素不相识，所以Charlene
Vickers要先介绍（introduced)自己。
13.上文说Charlene
Vickers也要赶时间，所以她打算开车去目的地。原来需要乘坐飞机的路程现在靠开车去完成，可谓是"疯狂"的一组人。
14.由"his
wife
was
going
to
give
birth"可知，
Craven及时到了家，迎接到了自己儿子的出生。
15.Charlene
Vickers是个善良的人，她所要的回报只是几张孩子的照片而已。in
return"作为回报"。
7.答案：the;
combining;
to
create;
successful;
whose;
in;
her;
frequently;
was
considered;
visits
解析：本文介绍了著名艺术家郁蓉通过把中国的剪纸和国际上流行的艺术形式结合在一起,创作了含有中国元素的图画书《我是花木兰》。
①考查冠词。此处特指花木兰的故事,应用定冠词,故填the。
②考查非谓语动词。在介词by后作宾语,应用动词-ing形式,故填combining。
③考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语,故填to
create。
④考查形容词。and连接并列结构,此处and后面是形容词impressive,故空处填successful。
⑤考查定语从句的关系词。空处引导定语从句,指代先行词Hua
Mulan,在定语从句中作story的定语,故填whose。
⑥考查介词。in
place
of是固定短语,表示"替代",故填in。
⑦考查代词。空处作宾语,应用宾格,故填her。
⑧考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词作状语,故填frequently。
⑨考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,which指代上文中的"a
film
named
Mulan",与consider是被动关系,且根据上文中的produced可知此处应用一般过去时,故填was
considered。
⑩考查名词复数。空前的several修饰可数名词复数,故填visits。
8.答案：???
Tu
Youyou,
who
is
a
committed
scientist,
was
born
in
1930
in
Zhejiang
Province.
After
graduating
from
college,
she
kept
on
doing
research,
with
the
objective
of
discovering
a
new
treatment
for
malaria.
After
being
defeated
many
times,
she
finally
found
artemisinin,
which
was
acknowledged
as
an
effective
cure
for
malaria.
For
her
contributions
to
the
medical
world,
she
was
awarded
the
Nobel
Prize
in
2015.
解析：
9.答案：
Paragraph
1:
???
Tom
noticed
the
flame
was
reaching
up.
Frozen
with
fear,
he
stood
rooted
to
the
spot.
He
comprehended
the
gravity
of
the
situation
and
held
Jane's
hand
tightly.
Both
of
them
were
coughing
and
their
eyes
were
stinging.
Time
seemed
to
stand
still,
though
they
were
probably
there
for
only
two
or
three
minutes.
Tom
begged
Jane
to
run
for
safety
as
quickly
as
possible.
Jane
tried
to
shield
her
nose
from
the
choking
smoke
and
shook
her
head.
She
kept
pounding
against
the
door.
Tom
burst
out
crying.
Paragraph
2:
???
Luckily,
some
neighbors
passing
by
stopped
and
offered
help.
A
sense
of
strength
immediately
replaced
the
mounting
fear
and
anxiety
in
Jane's
mind.
She
told
them
Ms.
Makcik
must
be
still
in
the
room.
They
forced
the
door
open
with
all
their
might.
Sure
enough,
Makcik
was
lying
in
bed,
unconscious.
She
was
carried
downstairs
and
then
rushed
to
the
hospital,
where
she
finally
came
to
herself.
People
in
the
neighborhood
felt
relieved
and
Jane
and
Tom
were
very
happy.