2021-2022学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 5 Working the Land 15课时分层作业含解析

UNIT
5
WORKING
THE
LAND
课时分层作业(十五)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
It's
not
every
day
that
United
States
history
mixes
with
microbes
(微生物)in
the
soil.But
when
the
grassland
on
the
National
Mall
in
Washington,
D．C.was
replaced,
it
offered
scientists
the
opportunity
to
study
changes
in
the
soil
beneath.
The
work
focused
on
the
bacteria
present
in
the
soil.To
the
researchers'
surprise,
the
communities
of
microbes
did
not
change
a
lot
before
and
after
the
replacement.These
communities
in
the
soil
are
known
as
the
soil
microbiome(微生物群).
“My
lab
is
interested
in
how
microbes
can
move
around
in
the
environment,
and
how
they
change
and
adapt
as
a
result
of
this
movement，”
explains
Jo
Anne
Crouch，the
lead
author
of
the
study.“We
thought
that
the
new
‘imported’
turf(草皮)from
New
Jersey
would
introduce
different
communities
of
bacteria
to
the
National
Mall.However,
we
found
that
they
weren't
significantly
different.”
Crouch's
work
focused
on
turf
grass,
defined
as
a
large
area
of
green
grass.It
is
made
up
of
the
grass，its
roots,
and
the
soil
and
microbes
found
with
them.
Think
of
the
soil
microbiome
as
similar
to
the
collection
of
microbes
found
in
the
human
body.When
the
microbes
are
out
of
balance,
it
can
make
someone
sick.Crouch
says
it's
the
same
for
the
soil
microbiome.Many
of
the
worst
diseases
in
crops
or
other
environments
are
linked
with
changes
in
the
soil
microbiome.
Additionally,
Crouch
says
that
even
though
the
changes
between
the
soils
were
small,
scientists
are
also
starting
to
appreciate
that
sometimes
a
really
important
microbe
is
a
rare
one.This
means
it
would
be
hard
to
observe
but
could
greatly
affect
how
the
groups
function
as
a
whole.“Agricultural
areas
and
other
natural
spaces
are
highly
and
easily
hurt
by
negative
changes，”
she
says.“Microbiomes
offer
an
almost
entirely
new
opportunity
to
influence
interactions
among
plants
and
microbes
to
improve
plant
productivity
and
health.”
[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍对微生物群落的研究，该研究对农业是有益的。
1．Why
did
the
researchers
feel
surprised
when
they
focused
on
the
bacteria
in
the
soil?
A．More
bacteria
appeared
in
the
soil.
B．Microbes
were
replaced
obviously.
C．Soil
microbiome
almost
remained
stable.
D．The
soil
microbiomes
damaged
the
environment.
C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To
the
researchers'
surprise，the
communities
of
microbes
did
not
change
a
lot
before
and
after
the
replacement.”可知，让研究者惊讶的是土壤微生物群落变化不大，C项与该意思相符。]
2．By
studying
the
turf
grass,
what
did
Crouch
and
her
team
find?
A．Microbes
grew
faster
in
their
own
community.
B．Soil
microbiomes
were
different
in
different
places.
C．Turf
grass
adapted
to
the
environment
nearby
very
soon.
D．Similar
communities
of
bacteria
were
brought
by
turf
grass.
D　[细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三两句可知，通过研究草坪草，克劳奇和她的团队发现草坪草带来了类似的细菌群落。]
3．Why
did
the
author
mention
the
microbes
in
the
human
body?
A．To
indicate
the
two
play
a
similar
role.
B．To
prove
they
are
both
the
causes
of
diseases.
C．To
examine
the
environments
people
live
in.
D．To
analyze
the
changes
of
human
microbes.
A　[推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“Think
of
the
soil
microbiome
as
similar
to
the
collection
of
microbes
found
in
the
human
body.”可知，作者提到人体内的微生物是为了表示，它们两者起了相似的作用。]
4．What
does
Crouch
mean
in
the
last
paragraph?
A．Microbes
are
still
as
hard
to
observe
as
before.
B．Studies
on
microbiomes
can
be
beneficial
to
agriculture.
C．Scientists
are
still
puzzled
about
the
effect
of
microbiomes.
D．Too
many
microbiomes
in
the
soil
mean
no
harm
to
plants.
B　[推理判断题。根据文章的最后一句提到“微生物群落提供了一个几乎全新的机会来影响植物和微生物之间的相互作用，以提高植物的产量和健康。”由此可知，微生物群落的研究对农业是有益的。]
B
I
left
England
for
Sydney
in
September.It
was
a
career
move
for
my
husband,
and
our
20?year?old
daughter
was
feeling
adventurous
and
decided
to
come,
too.However，just
before
leaving
England，my
79?year?old
mother
suffered
a
stroke
(中风).Being
strong
and
independent,
she
continues
to
live
at
home
with
the
help
of
social
services.But
she
couldn't
look
after
the
garden.I
thought
how
wonderful
it
would
be
if
there
was
an
organisation
offering
volunteer
help.Friends
asked
me
what
I
planned
to
do
in
Australia,
and
I
told
them
I
would
be
looking
for
a
volunteer
position
with
a
gardening
charitable
organisation.Imagine
my
surprise
when
I
found
just
the
organisation
I
had
been
looking
for—Easy
Care
Gardening(ECG)!
There
are
several
reasons
why
I
volunteer
for
ECG.Firstly，as
a
newcomer
to
Australia
I
meet
many
great
people
who，like
me,
volunteer
some
of
their
time.We
cover
a
large
age
range,
but
all
love
gardens
and
helping
others.
Secondly，through
working
with
ECG
I
have
been
lucky
enough
to
explore
Sydney's
North
Shore
that
I
might
not
have
had
the
opportunity
to
visit
otherwise.
Finally,
there
are
all
those
wonderful
people
we
call
“clients(客户)”
but
are
more
like
friends
when
we
visit
them
often
and
tend
their
gardens.What
great
people
I
have
met，and
the
stories
they
have
to
tell—the
family
histories，where
they
come
from
and
the
reasons
for
immigrating
to
Australia.I
find
it
a
privilege
to
have
access
to
private
gardens
which,
in
many
cases,
have
been
the
joy
of
their
owners
for
many
years.Each
one
is
individual
and
reflects
the
character,
needs
and
the
history
of
each
family.Indeed,
the
gardens
reflect
the
multicultural
and
historical
background
of
Sydney.
[语篇解读]　作者因个人经历决定在澳大利亚做园艺志愿者，帮助客户打理花园。这一工作不仅让作者能帮助他人，而且也给作者带来了很多收获。
5．Why
did
the
author
move
to
Sydney?
A．Her
husband
would
work
there.
B．She
planned
to
volunteer
there.
C．She
was
very
keen
on
adventures.
D．She
had
to
look
after
her
sick
mother.
A　[细节理解题。根据“I
left
England
for
Sydney
in
September.It
was
a
career
move
for
my
husband...”可知，这次搬去悉尼是由于作者丈夫的工作变动，故选A项。]
6．What
made
the
author
choose
to
be
a
gardening
volunteer?
A．The
popularity
of
ECG.
B．The
tips
of
her
friends.
C．Her
own
experience.
D．Her
gardening
skills.
C　[推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者的母亲患中风不能打理花园，希望有一个能帮助他人打理花园的慈善组织，这段经历使她萌生了做园艺志愿者的想法。]
7．What
do
the
volunteers
at
ECG
have
in
common?
A．They
make
friends
with
their
clients.
B．They
like
to
explore
Sydney's
North
Shore.
C．They
are
of
similar
ages
and
backgrounds.
D．They
are
kind?hearted
with
the
same
interest.
D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We
cover
a
large
age
range，but
all
love
gardens
and
helping
others.”可知，该组织有各个年龄段的志愿者，他们都喜欢园艺和帮助他人。由此可知，他们都善良并有共同的兴趣。]
8．What
does
the
underlined
word
“one”
in
Paragraph
4
refer
to?
A．Client.
B．Garden.
C．Reason.
D．Joy.
B　[代词指代题。根据“I
find
it
a
privilege
to
have
access
to
private
gardens”可知，中心词是garden，再结合“Indeed，the
gardens
reflect
the
multicultural
and
historical
background
of
Sydney.”可推断出，这里的one指的是garden。]
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，
根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，
使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I
was
a
volunteer
for
an
organization
at
the
beginning
of
this
year.The
organization
is
aimed
at
helping
children
who
suffer
from
cancer.One
day，we
were
asked
to
raise
money
for
cancer
research
and
program
funding
at
an
event.
Since
my
friend
Lisa
was
also
a
volunteer
for
the
organization.I
went
to
the
event
with
her.There
were
many
people
at
the
event.After
seeing
our
poster，some
people
came
to
us
and
talked
with
us.But
few
people
donated
money.It
was
a
bit
hot
that
day.Both
Lisa
and
I
got
really
upset.
Half
an
hour
later,
Lisa
started
complaining,
“I
don't
think
we
can
raise
much
money
today.”
“Don't
worry.The
event
lasts
for
three
hours.There
is
still
a
lot
of
time
left，”I
said,
though
I
also
thought
poorly
of
our
plan
to
raise
much
money
that
day.
While
Lisa
and
I
were
talking,
a
little
boy
of
about
eight
years
old
came
to
us.He
stood
in
front
of
our
poster
and
started
reading.
After
a
while,
he
asked
,
“What
is
cancer？”
I
explained
what
cancer
is.Then
I
said,
“Many
people
around
the
world
are
suffering
from
cancer.It
can
be
really
dangerous.More
research
is
needed
to
learn
about
it
so
that
people
with
it
can
suffer
less.That's
why
we're
collecting
money
for
it.”
“Do
children
suffer
from
cancer,
too？”
asked
the
boy.
“Yes.Many
children
suffer
from
cancer.Some
of
them
may
die.They
need
help.”Lisa
said
and
I
nodded.
Hearing
that,
the
boy
became
sad.Then
the
boy
asked，“How
much
money
have
you
collected？”
Both
Lisa
and
I
were
embarrassed
to
tell
him
that
we
didn't
raise
much
money.At
last,
we
said,
“Not
much.”
The
boy
looked
into
our
donation
container
and
only
saw
a
few
one?dollar
and
five?dollar
bills.The
boy
said
nothing
after
seeing
that
and
left.Then
some
girls
came
to
us
and
we
started
talking
with
them.Neither
Lisa
nor
I
thought
the
boy
would
return.However，about
twenty
minutes
later,
the
boy
did
return.
注意：1.续写的词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
The
boy
happily
ran
to
us
and
asked,
“Would
you
take
a
donation
from
children
？”_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Both
Lisa
and
I
were
deeply
touched.___________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
The
boy
happily
ran
to
us
and
asked,
“Would
you
take
a
donation
from
children？”Lisa
and
I
looked
at
each
other.We
couldn't
believe
such
a
little
boy
would
care.Though
we
didn't
believe
it，we
said
“yes”．The
boy
put
his
hand
in
his
pocket
and
took
out
some
five?dollar
bills.He
said，“I
just
asked
for
them
from
my
mother.I
really
want
to
help
the
children
suffering
from
cancer.”
Both
Lisa
and
I
were
deeply
touched.We
thanked
the
boy，but
he
left
soon.Looking
at
his
back，both
Lisa
and
I
were
greatly
encouraged.We
wanted
to
try
harder
to
raise
money.So
instead
of
just
standing
there，we
went
to
people
and
told
them
about
our
program.At
the
end
of
the
day，we
raised
over
three
thousand
dollars，a
lot
more
than
Lisa
and
I
had
expected
in
the
beginning.
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