人教版必修五Unit 1 Great scientists B卷 能力提升单元测试卷（ word版含解析 无听力试题）

Unit
1
Great
scientists
B卷
能力提升
本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
第一部分
阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
1.Center
for
Excellence
in
Child
and
Adolescent
Health
Research
???
Our
research
center
was
created
to
promote
the
health
of
babies,
adolescents,
and
young
adults
by
advancing
meaningful
and
creative
clinical
(临床的)
research.
Through
this
website,
we
bring
participants,
families,
researchers,
health
care
providers,
and
the
community
into
our
research
home
where
we
can
learn
from
one
another.
???
For
Families
&
Caregivers
???
Now
guidelines
for
treating
children
are
often
based
on
data
from
the
adult
studies.
To
improve
clinical
care
of
children,
more
studies
are
needed
focusing
on
children’s
health
with
the
goal
to
better
diagnose(诊断),
treat,
and
prevent
the
diseases
that
are
specific
to
children.
???
For
Teens
&
Young
Adults
???
We
need
adolescents
and
young
adults
like
you
to
help
doctors
and
nurses
provide
the
best
care
they
can.
Doctors
and
nurses
use
what
they
learn
from
research
studies
to
take
care
of
patients,
but
most
of
this
research
has
been
done
with
adults.
Your
bodies
are
different
from
older
adults
and
your
health
needs
are
different
too!
We
need
you
to
help
us
learn
about
the
best
treatments
for
teens
and
young
adults
and
you
can
make
a
difference.
???
For
Health
Care
Providers
???
Considering
the
state
of
children's
treatment,
child
health
research
is
the
best
way
to
advance
medical
care
for
children.
We
need
children
of
different
ages,
genders,
races,
and
neighborhoods
to
participate
in
studies,
so
doctors
will
know
which
treatments
work
best
for
children.
1.How
will
the
center
promote
the
health
of
children?
A.By
researching
the
effects
of
adult
medicine
on
children.
B.By
comparing
and
learning
research
results
of
the
community.
C.By
making
creative
clinical
research.
D.By
connecting
with
families
and
communities
regularly.
2.What
are
guidelines
for
children
treatment
based
on?
A.Information
from
the
adult
studies.
B.Data
from
children
too
long
ago.
C.Statistics
in
connection
with
parents.
D.Experience
built
up
through
generations.
3.Who
does
the
passage
ask
for
help
for
the
research?
A.Doctors
and
researchers.
B.Teachers
and
researchers.
C.Social
health
care
workers.
D.Teens
and
young
adults.
2.???
Engineers
at
Zhejiang
University
have
created
China's
first
brain-like
computer,
named
Darwin
Mouse,
which
can
copy
the
way
a
human
brain
works
and
solve
complex
calculations
while
using
a
small
amount
of
the
energy
used
by
traditional
supercomputers.
???
Though
the
technology
is
still
in
its
early
stages,
experts
say
it
could
be
used
to
run
large,
real-time
simulations(模拟)
and
make
new
discoveries
in
chemistry,
medicine
and
neuroscience.
It
could
also
be
used
to
revolutionise
computer
design,
leading
to
more
powerful
and
efficient
artificial
intelligence.
???
Pan
Gang,
a
professor
at
the
university's
College
of
Computer
Science
and
Technology,
said
neuromorphic(神经形态的)
computing
has
been
a
focus
of
the
international
scientific
and
engineering
communities
for
some
time
and
is
considered
one
of
the
key
methods
to
overcome
the
major
computing
challenges
for
artificial
intelligence.
Darwin
Mouse
represented
a
"major
milestone
achievement"
in
China's
brain-like
computing
technology.
???
In
late
2018,
the
University
of
Manchester
in
the
United
Kingdom
upgraded
its
neuromorphic
supercomputer
SpiNNaker
to
use
a
million
processors,
enabling
it
to
perform
2
trillion
actions
a
second.
This
allowed
the
machine
to
run
extremely
large-scale
real-time
simulations,
such
as
modelling
parts
of
the
brain.
Darwin
Mouse
uses
significantly
fewer
processors
thanks
to
the
latest
developments
in
brain-like
chips
made
in
China,
allowing
it
to
perform
far
better.
???
Another
advantage
is
low
energy
costs.
When
information
is
transmitted,
only
neurons
that
receive
and
process
the
signals
are
activated,
while
other
neurons
stay
asleep,
similar
to
how
a
brain
works.
As
a
result,
the
energy
consumption
can
be
reduced
to
a
small
part
of
that
of
conventional
supercomputers.
???
"We
hope
to
keep
evolving
the
Darwin
series
neuromorphic
computer
towards
reaching
human
levels
of
intelligence,
thus
achieving
more
powerful
artificial
intelligence
with
significantly
less
energy
use.
It
is
hopeful
that
brain-like
computers
will
make
their
way
into
our
daily
lives
as
the
hardware
and
the
software
for
the
technology
mature,"
Pan
said.
1.
Which
can
be
inferred
about
Darwin
Mouse?
A.
Brain-like
and
easy
to
operate.
B.
Powerful
and
energy-saving.
C.
Traditional
but
efficient.
D.
Advanced
but
impractical.
2.
Why
is
SpiNNaker
mentioned
in
Paragraph
4?
A.
To
show
it
can
run
more
complex
simulations.
B.
To
prove
no
computers
can
compare
with
human
brains.
C.
To
stress
the
importance
of
brain-like
chips.
D.
To
highlight
the
advantage
of
Darwin
Mouse.
3.
What
is
Professor
Pan's
attitude
to
Darwin
Mouse?
A.
Positive.
B.
Sceptical.
C.
Tolerant.
D.
Objective.
4.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Outstanding
Engineers
of
China
B.
The
Brain-Like
Computer
Makes
Its
First
Appearance
in
China
C.
Darwin
Mouse,
a
Famous
Mouse
D.
Artificial
Intelligence
Has
a
Bright
Future
3.Some
parents
will
buy
any
high-tech
toy
if
they
think
it
will
help
their
child,
but
researchers
said
puzzles
help
children
with
math-related
skills.
Psychologist
Susan
Levine,
an
expert
on
mathematics
development
in
young
children
at
the
University
of
Chicago,
found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
ages
2
and
4
later
develop
better
spatial
skills.
Puzzle
play
was
found
to
be
a
significant
predictor
of
cognition(认知)
after
controlling
for
differences
in
parents'
income,
education
and
the
amount
of
parent
talk,
Levine
said.
The
researchers
analyzed
video
recordings
of
53
child-parent
pairs
during
everyday
activities
at
home
and
found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
26
and
46
months
of
age
have
better
spatial
skills
when
assessed
at
54
months
of
age.
"The
children
who
played
with
puzzles
performed
better
than
those
who
did
notion
tasks
that
assessed
their
ability
to
rotate(旋转)
and
translate
shapes,"
Levine
said
in
a
statement.
The
parents
were
asked
to
interact
with
their
children
as
they
normally
would,
and
about
half
of
the
children
in
the
study
played
with
puzzles
at
one
time.
Higher-income
parents
tended
to
have
children
play
with
puzzles
more
frequently,
and
both
boys
and
girls
who
played
with
puzzles
had
better
spatial
skills.
However,
boys
tended
to
play
with
more
complex
puzzles
than
girls,
and
the
parents
of
boys
provided
more
spatial
language
and
were
more
active
during
puzzle
play
than
the
parents
of
girls.
The
findings
were
published
in
the
journal
Development
Science.
1.
In
which
aspect
do
children
benefit
from
puzzle
play?
A.
Building
confidence.
B.
Developing
spatial
skills.
C.
Learning
self-control.
D.
Gaining
high-tech
knowledge.
2.
What
did
Levine
take
into
consideration
when
designing
her
experiment?
A.
Parents'
age.
B.
Children's
imagination.
C.
Parents'
education.
D.
Child-parent
relationship.
3.
How
do
boys
differ
from
girls
in
puzzle
play?
A.
They
play
with
puzzles
more
often.
B.
They
tend
to
talk
less
during
the
game.
C.
They
prefer
to
use
more
spatial
language.
D.
They
are
likely
to
play
with
tougher
puzzles.
4.
What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.
A
mathematical
method.
B.
A
scientific
study.
C.
A
woman
psychologist.
D.
A
teaching
program.
4.???
Does
just
thinking
about
stepping
inside
a
gym
make
you
feel
exhausted?
If
so,
here's
some
good
news.
One
of
the
world's
largest
studies
on
physical
activity
has
found
that
doing
household
chores
(家务活)
can
be
just
as
effective
as
running
or
working
out
when
it
comes
to
cutting
your
risk
of
heart
disease
and
extending
your
life.
???
A
team
of
researchers
discovered
that
people
enjoyed
the
same
health
benefits
whether
they
were
going
to
the
gym,
walking
to
work
or
doing
household
chores.
Indeed,
performing
30
minutes
of
any
kind
of
physical
activity
a
day,
five
days
a
week,
could
reduce
your
risk
of
dying
from
any
causes
by
28%
and
your
rate
of
heart
disease
by
20%.
And,
again,
the
positive
effects
were
the
same
whether
someone
was
working
out,
walking
or
doing
chores
such
as
mopping
the
floor
or
gardening.
???
"Walking
for
at
least
30
minutes
most
days
of
the
week
has
a
massive
benefit,
and
high
levels
of
physical
activity
is
associated
with
even
lower
risk
of
illness,"
the
lead
researcher
Scott
Lear
said
about
the
findings.
"By
including
low-
and
middle-income
countries
in
this
study,
we
were
able
to
determine
the
benefit
of
activities
such
as
having
an
active
job
or
even
doing
household
chores,"
Lear
said.
He
noted
that
1
in
4
people
worldwide
do
not
get
30
minutes
of
exercise
a
day,
five
times
a
week.
???
Interestingly
enough,
the
Canadian
study
found
no
ceiling
(上限)
on
the
benefits
of
exercise
and
"no
risks
associated
with
extremely
high
levels
of
physical
activity",
defined
as
more
than
2,500
minutes,
or
more
than
41
hours
per
week.
Lear
said
that
those
who
spent
more
than
750
minutes
walking
quickly
each
week
lowered
their
risk
of
premature
death
by
36%.
1.What
can
we
infer
about
the
study
from
Paragraph
1
?
A.Women
should
do
more
housework
than
men.
B.Doing
housework
may
help
to
live
long
and
healthily.
C.People
with
heart
disease
had
better
do
less
housework.
D.Doing
housework
makes
people
feel
less
tired
than
going
to
the
gym.
2.What
does
Scott
Lear
say
about
his
findings
on
health?
A.Sitting
long
will
take
health
away.
B.Exercise
will
make
life
meaningful.
C.It's
a
good
idea
to
walk
less
than
30
minutes
a
day.
D.High
levels
of
physical
activity
can
reduce
disease
risk.
3.What
is
the
study
in
the
text
mainly
supported
by?
A.Statistics.
B.Voices.
C.Examples.
D.Experiments.
4.Which
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.Take
exercise
for
Better
Strength
and
Balance
B.Risks
of
High
Levels
of
Physical
Activity
C.Doing
Household
Chores
May
Be
a
Secret
to
Living
Longer
D.Two
Factors
that
Determine
the
Benefit
of
Activities
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
5、???????①?
You
are
not
alone
if
you
have
had
problems
with
your
writing.
Writing
is
hard.
All
writers
struggle
at
some
point.
And
even
if
writing
has
come
easily
for
you,
at
some
point
in
your
work
as
a
student,
eventually
you’re
going
to
hit
a
roadblock
(路障).②?
When
the
writing
was
going
well,
what
was
happening?
When
the
writing
wasn’t
going
well,what
was
happening?
???????③??
Most
people’s
negative
writing
experiences
happened
because
of
some
specific
requirements
like
an
exact
length.
They
focus
on
and
worry
about
what
the
final
product
has
to
look
like,
like
how
many
pages
for
a
research
essay.
Or
if
it
is
in
the
second
or
third
language,
or
grammar,
like
whether
it
gets
communicated
in
the
right
language.
????????Another
problem
can
arise
when
the
need
to
do
well
on
a
paper
is
extremely
important,
like
a
timed
essay
exam,
or
a
college
application
essay,
or
a
research
paper
at
the
end
of
the
term,
and
it’s
tied
to
the
entire
grade
for
the
class.
So
worrying
about
what
will
happen
if
they
don’t
do
well
—
get
bad
grades,
don’t
get
into
college
—
creates
anxiety.④?
.
????????Try
to
move
to
more
positive
projects.
Usually
when
writing
comes
easily,
the
writers
feel
they
have
something
important
to
say.⑤?
What
personal
understanding
of
the
subject
can
you
bring
to
your
paper?
Why
is
this
subject
important?
For
whom
is
it
meaningful?
Who
will
be
reading
it?
What
is
it
that
you
really
want
to
say
to
readers?
Those
thoughts
can
cause
writing’s
change
for
all
writers.
A.Grammar
is
not
the
first
thing
to
think
about.
B.The
teacher
advises
asking
yourself
positive
questions.
C.So
take
a
moment
to
think
about
your
past
writing
experiences.
D.And
that
can
make
it
harder
to
get
the
writing
done.
E.Everyone
struggles
with
writing.
F.Writing
comes
with
few
problems.
G.Focusing
on
the
end
makes
it
really
hard
to
get
started.
第二部分
语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
6.阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Many
people
tend
to
bring
electronic
products
when
travelling,
including
me.
Last
year
I
just
ruined
my
summer
vacation
by
bringing????
1???
?a
modern
convenience:
the
iPad.
Instead
of
looking
at
nature,
I
checked
my
e-mail.
Instead
of
reading
great
novels,
I????
2???
?to
reading
online
newspapers
each
morning.
And
that
was
the
problem:
I
was
acting
as
if
I
were
still
in
the
office.
My
body
was
on
vacation
but
my?
??
3???
?wasn't.
So
this
year
I
made
up
my
mind
to
try
something
???
4???
:
getting
away
from
the
Internet.
I
knew
it
wouldn't
be
easy,
since
I’m
not
good
at
self-control.
But
I
was
???
5???
.
I
started
by????
6???
?the
iPad
to
my
wife.
Then,
a
stroke
of
luck:
The
mobile
phone????
7???
?at
our
cabin
was
worse
than
in
the
past.
I
was
trapped
in
a
small
circle
and????
8???
?to
carry
out
my
plan.
??
?9???
?cut
off
from
e-mail
and
my
favorite
newspaper
websites,
I
had
little
way
to????
10???
?the
world.
I
had
no
choice
but
to
do
what
I
had
planned
to
do
all
along:
read
books.
With
determination
and
the
strong
support
of
my
wife,
I
succeeded
in
my
vacation????
11???
?against
the
Internet.
I
finally
realized?that
it
was
I,
of
course,
not
the
iPad,
that
led
to
the
problem.
I
knew
I
had
???
12???
?when
we
passed
a
Starbucks
and
my
wife
asked
if
I
wanted
to
stop
to
use
the
Wi-Fi.
"Don't
need
it,"
I
said.
??
13???
,
as
we
return
to
work,
a
test
begins:
Can
I
??
14???
?when
I'm
back
at
work?
I
had
no????
15???
?of?giving
up
my
iPad
completely.
But
I
hope
to
resist
the
temptation
(诱惑)
to
use
it
every
five
minutes.
1.A.about????
B.up????
C.along????
D.out
2.A.stuck????
B.led????
C.donated????
D.contributed
3.A.opinion????
B.identity????
C.mind????
D.image
4.A.attractive????
B.effective????
C.magical????
D.different
5.A.unusual????
B.shocked????
C.determined????
D.professional
6.A.defining????
B.handing????
C.sending????
D.confirming
7.A.quality????
B.download????
C.signal????
D.technology
8.A.concerned????
B.reminded????
C.inspired????
D.forced
9.A.Immediately????
B.Fortunately????
C.Largely????
D.Creatively
10.A.give
way
to????
B.connect
to????
C.adapt
to????
D.turn
to
11.A.comparison????
B.struggle????
C.contrast????
D.protest
12.A.won????
B.removed????
C.suffered????
D.recovered
13.A.Somehow????
B.Anyway????
C.However????
D.Therefore
14.A.function????
B.forgive????
C.escape????
D.continue
15.A.guideline????
B.intention????
C.emotion????
D.measure
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
7.???
Around
74%
of
adults
globally
are
willing
to
get
immunised?①_____
the
coronavirus
if
a
vaccine(疫苗)
becomes
available—but
that
may
not
be
enough
to
defeat
the
fast-spreading
virus,
according
to
a
survey
②_____(release)
on
Tuesday.
???
A
majority
of
respondents
from
all
the
③_____(country)
expressed
their
willingness
④_____(get)
a
vaccine,
the
survey
results
showed.
China
was
the
most
enthusiastic
country
with
97%
of
respondents
⑤_____(indicate)
they
would
like
to
be
vaccinated,
⑥_____
Russia
was
the
least
willing
with
only
54%
interested
in
doing
so,
the
survey
found.
???
"It's
a
concern
that
roughly
one
quarter
of
people
globally
are
not
intending
to
get
vaccinated,"
said?⑦_____
expert
from
the
World
Economic
Forum.
COVID-19
is
the
formal
name
of
the
coronavirus
disease,
which?⑧_____(infect)
millions
of
people
globally
since
it
started
to
spread,
according
to
data
provided
by
Johns
Hopkins
University.
???
The
most
⑨_____(frequent)
cited
reason
for
not
wanting
a
vaccine
is
concern
about
the
side
effects,
according
to
the
survey
findings.
Other
factors
mentioned
by
respondents
include
their
belief
that
a
vaccine
may
not
be
⑩_____(effect).
第三部分
写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节
（满分15分）
8.假定你是李华,你的美国的好友Jack想了解一下在2020年9月8日上午北京人民大会堂隆重举行的“全国抗击新冠肺炎疫情表彰大会”(the
meeting
commending
role
models
in
the
country's
fight
against
the
COVID-19
epidemic)的情况,请你给他写封邮件,内容包括:
1.表彰大会举行的时间及地点;
2.简要介绍受表彰的对象及奖项(钟南山-共和国勋章,张伯礼等-人民英雄);
3.表彰大会的意义及目的。
参考词汇:共和国勋章:the
Medal
of
the
Republic
人民英雄:People's
Hero
注意:
1.词数80左右:
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
第二节
（满分25分）
9.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
???
I
was
angry
on
seeing
Jane
entering
the
class
and
even
more
angry
when
I
saw
she
was
getting
full
attention
by
guys
of
our
class.
Reason
being
simple,
she
was
the
most
beautiful
girl
in
campus.
She
had
perfect
figure
and
sharp
features.
Her
innocent
smile
took
heart
of
many
people.
Not
only
that,
she
did
many
modeling
contracts
as
well.
???
I
envied
her
but
today
I
hated
her
the
most.
Today
for
the
first
time
I
heard
none
from
Sunny.
He
is
my
best
friend
and
he
is
the
coolest
guy
of
college.
He
always
takes
care
of
wishes
and
fulfills
them.
But
today
when
I
proposed
him,
he
said
no.
The
reason
he
gave
was,
he
loves
Jane.
???
I
was
not
at
all
attentive
in
my
favorite
class.
Professor
Smith
was
surprised
to
see
me
not
answering.
Yes,
I
am
the
top
student
in
my
class.
Apart
from
my
teachers,
no
one
likes
me.
Everyone
loves
Jane.
Even
Sunny
loves
her.
???
I
was
rushing
towards
canteen
when
I
heard
Johnson,
my
classmate,
calling
me.
Once
settling
in
canteen
she
started
gossiping
as
usual.
But
I
was
not
in
mood.
All
of
a
sudden
she
said,
"Did
you
read
the
newspaper
of
today?
Jane
is
in
the
photo
advertisement
of
tooth
paste."
???
I
took
a
glance
at
the
paper.
She
really
had
sparkling
smile
and
glowing
face.
Even
in
simple
clothes
she
looked
so
pretty.
???
I
couldn't
sleep.
I
was
thinking
about
Jane.
She
was
not
the
top
student
but
definitely
she
was
the
distinction
holder.
She
always
helped
everyone
and
was
not
proud
of
her
looks.
She
used
to
talk
to
them,
share
biscuits
she
brought
from
home,
and
she
was
quite
extrovert
(外向的).
She
never
stayed
after
college
hours.
She
never
attended
any
annual
functions.
I
envied
her
a
lot.
She
had
everything
in
her
life.
She
even
rejected
Sunny's
proposal
for
whom
all
girls
including
me
were
crazy.
The
next
day
in
college
I
found
Sunny
sad.
He
was
looking
so
bothered.
I
could
make
out
from
his
look.
???
He
was
my
best
friend
and
I
did
have
some
feelings
for
him
though
he
rejected
me.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Jane
looked
sad
at
my
words,
her
sparking
smile
gone._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
1.答案：1-3.CAD
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Our
research
center
was
created
to
promote
the
health
of
babies,
adolescents,
and
young
adults
by
advancing
meaningful
and
creative
clinical(临床的)
research"可知,该中心通过实行创造性的临床研究促进儿童健康,故C项正确。
2.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Now
guidelines
for
treating
children
are
often
based
on
data
from
the
adult
studies"可知,目前,治疗儿童的指南通常是基于成人研究的数据,故A项正确。
3.考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"We
need
adolescents
and
young
adults
like
you
to
help
doctors
and
nurses
provide
the
best
care
they
can"可知,这篇文章向青少年和年轻人寻求研究方面的帮助,故D项正确。
2.答案：1-4
BDAB
解析：1.推理判断题。由第一段中的which
can
copy
the
way
a
human
brain
works
and
solve
complex
calculations
while
using
a
small
amount
of
the
energy
used
by
traditional
supercomputers可以推断出，
Darwin
Mouse不仅具有强大的功能，而且消耗的能源还很少,故选B项。
2.推理判断题。第四段的前半部分提到超级计算机SpiNNaker升级之后性能大大提高，后半部分将Darwin
Mouse与SpiNNaker进行了对比，
Darwin
Mouse因为使用了国产芯片,使用的处理器更少，性能也更好。因此该段提到超级计算机SpiNNaker是为了通过对比来突出Darwin
Mouse的优点，故选D项。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段中的Darwin
Mouse
represented
a
“major
milestone
achievement”
in
China's
brain-like
computing
technology.和最后一段中的It
is
hopeful
that
brain-like
computers
will
make
their
way
into
our
daily
lives
as
the
hardware
and
the
software
for
the
technology
mature可以推断出，潘纲教授对Darwin
Mouse持积极的态度，故选A项。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了浙江大学的工程师们研制出的中国第一台类脑计算机Darwin
Mouse，故选B项。
3.答案：1-4BCDB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
ages
2
and
4
later
develop
better
spatial
skills"可知,孩子们可以从智力游戏中发展更好的空间技能。故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Puzzle
play
was
found
to
be
a
significant
predictor
of
cognition
after
controlling
for
differences
in
parents'
income,
education
and
the
amount
of
parent
talk,
Levine
said."可知,Levine在设计这个实验时考虑了父母的收入、教育和谈话量。故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的"However,
boys
tended
to
play
with
more
complex
puzzles
than
girls"可知,
男孩比女孩更喜欢玩复杂的谜题,即他们可能会玩难度更大的谜题。故选D项。
4.主旨大意题。本文是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究,介绍了研究考虑的因素,研究过程和结果,所以是关于科学研究的。故选B项。
4.答案：1-4.BDAC
解析：1.考查推理判断。根据文章第一段中的"One
of
the
world's
largest
studies
on
physical
activity
has
found
that
doing
household
chores(家务活)
can
be
just
as
effective
as
running
or
working
out
when
it
comes
to
cutting
your
risk
of
heart
disease
and
extending
your
life"可推知,做家务和跑步或者体育活动一样有助于长寿和健康。故选B。
2.考查细节理解。根据文章第三段中的"Walking
for
at
least
30
minutes
most
days
of
the
week
has
a
massive
benefit,
and
high
levels
of
physical
activity
is
associated
with
even
lower
risk
of
illness"可知,Scott
Lear认为高水平的体育活动可以降低患病风险。故选D。
3.考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的"Indeed,
performing
30
reduce
your
risk
of
dying
from
any
causes
by
28%
and
your
rate
of
heart
disease
by
20%"、第三段中的"He
noted
that
1
in
4
people
worldwide
do
not
get
30
minutes
of
exercise
a
day,
five
times
a
week"和最后一段中的一些数据可知,文章中研究的主要依据是数据。故选A。
4.考查主旨大意。结合全文内容尤其是根据文章第一段中的"One
of
the
world's
largest
studies
on
physical
activity
has
found
that
doing
household
chores(家务活)
can
be
just
as
effective
as
running
or
working
out
when
it
comes
to
cutting
your
risk
of
heart
disease
and
extending
your
life"可知,文章主要介绍了一项研究发现:做家务和跑步或者锻炼身体一样,能够降低患心脏病的风险并延长寿命。所以C项"Doing
Household
Chores
May
Be
a
Secret
to
Living
Longer(做家务可能是长寿的秘诀)"作为文章标题最为合适。
E;
C;
G;
D;
B
1.
①.E项中的Everyone与下文中的not
alone对应。每个人写作时都挣扎,你并不是唯一一个有这种问题的人。
2.
②.C项与下文中的内容相对应。因此花一些时间想一想你过去的写作经历,写得顺利时是什么情形,不顺时又是怎样。
3.
③.该空是本小段的主题句,G项"关注结尾使开始(写作)变得真的困难”与下文描述的内容相对应。
4.
④.该空前一句说明了对于写不好的结果过于担忧会造成焦虑,故选D"那让完成写作变得更难",表示递进。
5.
⑤.选项B中的"asking
yourself
questions"与空后的几个问题相呼应,此处是说写好文章应该问自己一些有积极意义的问题。
6.答案：1.C;
2.A;
3.C;
4.D;
5.C;
6.B;
7.C;
8.D;
9.C;
10.B;
11.B;
12.A;
13.C;
14.D;
15.B
解析：
7.答案：①against
②released
③countries
④to
get
⑤indicating
⑥while/but
⑦an
⑧has
infected
⑨frequently
⑩effective
解析：①句意为:
周二公布的一项调查显示,
全球约有74%的成年人愿意接种抗冠状病毒的疫苗,
如果疫苗研制成功的话,
但那可能不足以战胜快速传播的病毒。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,
此处需要填介词,
表示"防;
抗",
故填against。
②名词短语a
survey作介词短语according
to的宾语,
后面应用定语修饰,
故用非谓语动词形式,
且release与a
survey在逻辑上为被动关系,
用过去分词形式,
故填released。
③由文章第一句中的globally可知,
此处指所有国家,
为复数概念,
应用可数名词复数,
故填countries。
④名词willingness意为"意愿",
后接不定式作后置定语,
故填to
get。
⑤此处为"with+宾语+宾补"结构,
respondents与indicate之间是逻辑上的主动关系,
应用现在分词作宾补,
故填indicating。
⑥根据前文的97%和后文的only
54%可知,
此处是中国和俄罗斯的对比,
需要用并列连词while或but表对比关系,
故填while或but。
⑦expert是发音以元音音素开头的可数名词,
此处泛指"一位专家",
故填an。
⑧根据时间状语从句since
it
started
to
spread可知,
该空用现在完成时,
which指代先行词COVID-19并在非限制性定语从句中作主语,
谓语动词用单数,
故填has
infected。
⑨修饰过去分词cited,
应用副词,
作状语,
故填frequently。
⑩be为系动词,
其后接形容词作表语,
根据语境可知,
此处表示"有效的",
故填effective。
8.答案：
Dear
Jack,
Knowing
that
you
are
eager
to
know
“the
meeting
commending
role
models
in
the
country's
fight
against
the
COVID-19
epidemic”,
I’m
more
than
honored
to
introduce
you
more
about
it.
?Held
at
the
Great
Hall
of
the
People
in
Beijing
on
Sep
8,
2020,
the
meeting
was
aimed
to
commend
role
models
in
the
country's
fight
against
the
COVID-19
epidemic.
During
the
meeting,
Xi
presented
the
Medal
of
the
Republic
to
Zhong
Nanshan,
and
the
national
honorary
title
"People's
Hero"
to
Zhang
Boli,
Zhang
Dingyu,
Chen
Wei
for
their
outstanding
contributions
to
the
country's
fight
against
COVID-19.
It’s
the
role
models
and
their
spirits
of
“putting
people’s
lives
first”
that
protected
us
from
the
horrible
virus
and
saved
millions
of
lives.
All
Chinese
show
respect
and
worship
to
them
and
decide
to
learn
from
them
to
unite
together
to
build
better
communities..
Pray
the
crisis
will
end
as
soon
as
possible.
Best
wishes!
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
解析：
9.答案：
???
He
was
my
best
friend
and
I
did
have
some
feelings
for
him
though
he
rejected
me.
I
planned
to
do
something
for
Sunny,
so
I
went
to
Jane,
shouting
at
her,
"What
do
you
think
of
yourself?
How
can
you
reject
Sunny?
You
always
reject
people.
You
have
everything
and
that's
why
you
show
your
pride."
???
Jane
looked
sad
at
my
words,
her
sparking
smile
gone.
After
a
silent
while,
she
took
my
hands
and
said,
"You
may
envy
me,
my
perfect
figure
and
sharp
features,
but
do
you
know
that
my
mother
has
been
ill
for
five
years?
My
father
and
I
are
working
hard
to
pay
the
hospital
bills.
After
college,
I
do
some
modeling
work
in
order
to
help
my
father.
I
have
no
time
and
money
to
attend
your
annual
parties.
My
life
is
difficult.
How
can
I
think
of
love,
when
my
heart
is
full
of
love
for
my
mom?
I
only
wish
her
happy
and
healthy."
I
was
ashamed
of
my
thoughts
after
hearing
all
this.