2022届高考英语二轮复习：定语从句复习课件（24张ppt）

(共24张PPT)
定语从句
考点与难点归纳
1.关系词的选用
2.that与which
3.介词+关系代词引导定语从句
4.the
way做先行词
5.定语从句中的主谓一致
6.as的使用
7.对where的考查
8.综合考查
考点
难点
考点1：如何选择关系词
1.
(1)
This
is
the
house
__________the
teacher
wanted
to
buy.
(2)This
is
the
house
___________
a
fire
broke
out
last
year.
which/that
where/in
which
2.
(1)We
will
never
forget
the
days
_____
we
spent
in
the
factory.
(2)we
will
never
forget
the
days
_________________
we
worked
in
the
factory.
which/that
when/during
which
选择关系词秘诀:
1.看先行词。2.看从句缺什么成分.
(缺主语、宾语或定语填关系代词,缺状语则
填关系副词)
1)
Do
you
have
anything
______
you
don’t
understand?
2)
The
only
thing
_____
we
can
do
is
to
give
you
some
advice.
3)
Who
is
the
man
_____
is
standing
there?
4)
Her
bag,
in
________
she
put
all
her
money,
has
been
stolen.
5)
She
heard
a
terrible
noise，
______
brought
her
heart
into
her
mouth.
that
that
that
which
which
考点2：that
与
which
1:先行词是everything,
nothing,
anything,
something,
much,
little,
none等不定代词或
由不定代词any,
some,
no,
much,
few,
little,
every,
all等修饰时,
引导定语从句用that不用
which。
2：先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰且指物时,
引导定语从句用that
。
3:
先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用
that
。
4:先行词被the
very,
the
only等修饰且指物时,引导定
语从句用that。
5：当先行词前面有who/which等疑问代词时，为避免重复只用that。
介词后，指物
2.
用于非限制定语从句中
只使用that应遵循的规则
只使用which应遵循的规则
考点3：介词+关系词
1.
I
was
given
three
books
on
cooking,
the
first
______I
really
enjoyed.
A.
of
that
B.
of
which
C.
that
D.
which
做题技巧?
定语从句句首为介词时,后可接的关系词为:
介词+whom
/
which
/
whose
2.
This
is
the
hero
of_____
I
am
proud.
3.
I
recognized
the
boss
in
company
my
sister
was
working.
whose
whom
关系代词前介词的确定
1.根据句子的意思判断。
e.g.
Is
that
the
newspaper
for
which
you
often
write
articles?
2.
与从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配。
e.g.
Can
you
explain
to
me
how
to
use
these
idioms
about
which
I’m
not
sure?
3.
与先行词的搭配。
e.g.
1949
was
the
year
in
which
the
P.R.C.
was
founded.
=
when
关系副词when,
where,
why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。
1.
Do
you
know
the
boy
__
____
your
mother
is
talking?
2.
I
still
remember
the
day
___
____
I
first
got
to
Paris.
3.
He
gave
me
some
novels
_____
______
I
am
not
very
familiar.
to
whom
with
which
on
which
This
is
the
child
who/
whom/
that
I
will
look
after.
（固定短语，介词不前置）
5.
译：这是我要照顾的小孩。
4.
He
gave
me
some
novels
_____
______
I
am
not
very
familiar
with.
which
/
that
/
不填
Practice
4.非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时（部分和整体关系），可用“数词/代词
+
of
+
关系代词”的结构。
e.g.
There
are
50
students
in
our
class,
two-thirds
of
whom
have
been
to
Beijing.
5.
Whose从句可转换为“
of
+
which
/whom”型，如：
e.g.
They
live
in
a
house,
whose
door
opens
to
the
south.
They
lived
in
a
house,
of
which
the
door
opens
to
the
south.
They
lived
in
a
house,
the
door
of
which
opens
to
the
south.
做题技巧?
1.The
way
_________________he
explained
the
sentence
to
us
was
not
difficult
to
understand.
2.The
way
_________________he
explained
to
us
was
quite
simple.
that/
which/不填
that/in
which/不填
缺状语
缺宾语
考点4：the
way用做先行词
the
way
做先行词时,先看后面定语从句中是否缺少
主语或宾语:
缺少主语或宾语:
引导词用that
/
which
/
不填(缺宾语时)
主语宾语都不缺:（缺方式状语）
引导词用that
/
in
which
/
不填
1.He
is
one
of
the
boys
who
_________
present
at
the
meeting
now.
2.He
is
the
only
one
of
the
boys
who
_______present
at
the
meeting
now.
are
is
考点5：定语从句中的主谓一致
3.
______
is
known
to
all,
he
is
the
best
student.
4.
Jim
passed
the
driving
test,
_____
surprised
everybody
in
the
office.
As
which
难点一：as的用法
1.
It
is
such
a
big
stone
_____
nobody
can
lift.
2.
It
is
such
a
big
stone
_____
nobody
can
lift
it.
as
that
★限制性定语从句中，当先行词前有as
，so,
such,
the
same等词修饰时,
常用as引导.
★such/so...as...中as引导定语从句，as在从句中作成分。
such/so...
that...中that引导结果状语从句，that在从句中不作成分。
★which和
as引导非限制性定语从句的区别：
1.
which可以代指主句的部分内容，也可以代指整个主句的内容。as
只能代指整个主句。
2.
as
译作“正如”引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句首、句中或句尾。which译作‘这一点，这件事’引导的非限制性定于从句只能放在句尾。
1.
It
is
so
difficult
a
problem
___no
one
can
work
out.
2.
It
is
so
difficult
a
problem_____no
one
can
work
it
out.
3.
She
wore
the
same
hat
____
you
wore
yesterday.
4.
She
is
wearing
the
same
hat____
she
wore
yesterday.
5.
She
went
to
the
same
place
______she
saw
the
key.
Practice
that
as
as
where
that
1.
I’ve
come
to
the
point
where
I
can’t
stand
him.
2.
The
country
is
in
the
situation
where
a
war
will
break
out
at
any
time.
我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。
国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。
where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是
表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。
难点二：一些特殊词之后的where
解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point,
situation,
case,
stage,
scene,
condition等表示抽象地点意义的词，从句中缺状语,常用where
引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”
。
1.We
are
trying
to
reach
a
point
____
both
sides
will
sit
down
together
and
talk.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
where
D.
when
2.
---Do
you
have
anything
to
say
for
yourself?
---Yes,
there’s
one
point
____
we
must
insist
on（坚持）
.
A.
why
B.
where
C.
how
D.
/
高考题链接：
做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择
恰当的关系词。
1.This
is
the
library_____I
borrowed
the
book.
2.It
is
from
this
library____I
borrowed
the
book.
where
定语从句
that
强调句型
3.
---Where
did
you
last
see
Mr.
Smith?
---It
was
in
the
hotel____
I
lived.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
where
D.
when
难点三.综合考查
对比训练
4.
We
all
have
heard
the
news_____
our
team
won.
5.
We
don’t
believe
in
the
news
__________
he
told
us
yesterday.
that
that/which/不填
对比训练
6._____is
known
to
us
all
that
China
has
the
largest
population
in
the
world.
7._____is
known
to
us
all
is
that
China
has
the
largest
population
in
the
world.
8._____is
known
to
us
all
,
China
has
the
largest
population
in
the
world.
It
What
对比训练
As
定语从句易错点归纳
易错点一：关系代词和关系副词的混用
e.g.
1.
I’ll
never
forget
the
days
when
I
spent
in
New
York
with
you.
2.
I’ll
never
forget
the
days
which
I
visited
New
York
with
you.
易错点二：固定句式出错
e.g.
1.
Mary
is
so
lovely
a
girl
as
everybody
loves
her.
2.
Mary
is
so
lovely
a
girl
that
everybody
loves.
易错点三：主谓不一致的现象
e.g.
1.Tom
is
one
of
the
students
who
likes
swimming.
2.
Tom
is
the
only
one
of
the
students
who
like
swimming.
which/that
when
that
as
like
likes
易错点四：与强调句及其他句型的混淆
e.g.
Was
it
in
the
shop
that
you
bought
the
recorder
that
you
lost
your
pen?
易错点五：特殊名词作先行词时关系词的选取错误
e.g.
I
don’t
like
the
way
which
you
speak
to
her.
where
that
易错点六：忽略that和which引导限定性定语从句的区别
e.g.
This
is
the
most
exciting
football
game
which
I
have
ever
seen.
易错点七:介词前置出错
e.g.
Tell
him
all
the
things
on
which
he
should
pay
attention.
易错点八：which和whose用法不明确
e.g.
The
book
which
cover
is
broken
is
of
great
help
to
all
of
us.
易错点九：定语从句中成分多余或残缺。
e.g.
1.The
letter
that
I
opened
it
wasn't
for
me
.
2.
I
didn't
know
the
name
of
the
man
helped
me.
that
to
whose
\
who/that
∧
1.
God
helps
those
who
help
themselves.
自助者天助之。
2.
He
who
laughs
last
laughs
best.
谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。
3.
He
who
doesn’t
reach
the
Great
Wall
is
not
a
true
man.
不到长城非好汉。