2022届高考英语二轮复习：七选五解题技巧教案（word版2课时）

学生姓名
性别
年级
高三
学科
英语
授课教师
上课时间
课时：2
课时
教学课题
七选五解题技巧
教学目标
语言知识目标：帮助学生理解语境中的衔接（2）
语言技能目标：帮助学生掌握“七选
五”的解题技巧（3）
情感态度目标：提高学生的实际应试能力，促进学生思维能力的发展。
教学重点与难点
重点：在衔接的基础上学习七选五填空技巧难点：学生能够运用解题技巧完成练习
考纲解读
根据《考试说明》,结合近年来的高考阅卷实践,可以发现该题型大致通过“主旨概括句(涉及文章整体内容)、过渡性句子(涉及文章结构)、注释性句子(涉及上下文逻辑意义)”等三个类型的备选项来考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握能力。多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三个方面进行设置,例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题,过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构,注释性句子与上下文逻辑脱节等。
教学过程
七选五解题技巧（二）考点精讲一，内容回顾上节课主要介绍了七选五的文章结构，并从段首、段中、段尾三个部分简单介绍了一下做题方法。1，考查重点：七选五的题型主要考查考生对整体内容，篇章结构，以及上下文逻辑关系的理解掌握。教学理念：用英语获取处理和运用信息的能力，逐步获取用英语思维的能力。。2，选项特点：①主旨概括句（概括文章主旨或文段内容）②过渡性句子（文章结构：并列，递进，转折，因果等）③注释性句子（解释说明）3，三要素①，线索（上下文）的重合②，逻辑连贯③，语义通顺4，几点注意①，注意空的位置（段首/标题，段中，段末)②，注意上下文联系（线索词对应：同义复现，代词)③，注意句中逻辑关系（并列，因果，转折，递进）④，意义通顺二，做题方法：1，文章结构2，关键词的衔接（就近原则）3，逻辑关系的衔接（一）文章结构①大标题，短小精悍，大写②小标题，短小精悍，结构一致③段首，概括文段，与小标题呼应④段中，承上启下⑤段尾，总结，承上启下（二）关键词词汇的衔接包括:①词汇复现复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。例1：The
scientists
say
that
the
human
life
has
changed
greatly.Our
bodies
have
not
been
able
to
deal
with
these
changes
in
lifestyle
and
this
had
led
to
new
kinds
of
sicknesses
_E_
So
they
are
called
"diseases
of
civilization".
Many
cancers
and
diseases
of
the
blood
system
are
examples
of
such
diseases.A.
Stone
aged
people
lived
a
simple
lifeB.
But
today
,we
enjoy
eating
a
lot
of
these.C.
In
that
case,they
would
live
much
healthierD.
Ancient
people
also
got
lots
of
physical
exercise.
E.
These
new
sicknesses
were
not
known
in
ancient
times.F.
People
today
probably
don't
want
to
live
like
our
ancestors.G.
Modern
people
used
to
suffer
from
"diseases
of
civilization'.[同义词复现]练习1：On
the
other
hand
,the
advantages
of
going
overseas
may
include
day-to-
day
opportunities
to
learn
a
new
culture,meet
new
friends
with
whom
you
can
use
and
practice
the
language,and
chances
to
see
different
parts
of
the
world.__B__
Those
disadvantages
include
expense,time
away
from
one’s
school,family,...A.The
following
are
its
advantages.B
However
,there
may
be
a
number
of
disadvantages.Consider
a
distance
education.D.Most
of
us
are
adapted
to
studying
at
school.[反义词复现或转折关系]②同范畴词出现同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。例2
：Everybody
gets
stressed
time
to
time.
Try
taking
these
four
steps
the
next
time
you
are
stressed:
(1)
Get
support.
When
you
need
help,
reach
out
to
the
people
who
care
about
you.
Talk
to
a
trusted
adult,
such
as
a
parent
or
other
relatives.___D__They
might
have
had
similar
problems
such
as
dealing
with
a
test,
or
the
death
of
a
beloved
pet.A.
Ask
for
a
helping
hand
to
get
you
through
the
tough
situation.B.
Different
people
feel
stress
in
different
waysC.
You
need
to
figure
out
what
the
problem
is.D.
And
don't
forget
about
your
friends.[可以相信的人：父母+亲戚+朋友（同范畴）]练2：Workplace
stress
is
on
the
rise.
___A___.These
include
disease,
depression
and
even
death.
We
all
seem
to
be
running
from
one
place
to
the
next,
never
finding
out
where
we
want
to
go
in
the
first
place.I
intend
to
break
that
trend
in
the
coming
days.A.
With
it
come
many
health
problems.B.
When
you
finally
get
home
you'll
be
greatly
refreshed.C.
I
challenge
each
one
of
you
to
do
the
same.D.
Draw
up
a
detailed
plan
so
you
can
see
more.E.
Life
is
not
all
about
work,
or
at
least
it
shouldn't
be.F.
And
only
you
know
how
to
vacation
your
way.G.
For
my
next
holiday,
I
will
do
all
the
things
that
I
love
doing
[健康问题：疾病（身体上），沮丧（情绪上），死亡（生理上）]
③代词线索英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的
指代关系
和根据代词的
单复数
差异可以准确而快速地解题。it可指代单数名词或整个句子;they或them指代复数名词;one指代单数可数名词;that指代不可数名词或句子;
this指代单数名词或句子;
these或those指代前句的复数名词。例3：__A__.
They
say
the
first
step
is
to
admit
that
you
are
angry
and
to
recognize
the
real
cause
of
the
anger,...A.
Doctors
say
the
solution
is
learning
how
to
deal
with
anger.B.
He
said
that
laughter
is
much
healthier
than
anger.C.
Anger
is
a
normal
emotion
that
we
all
feel
from
time
to
time.练3：__G__.
Their
anger
might
be
so
strong
that
they
lose
control
of
their
temper.
They
may
act
in
ways
unacceptable
and
hurtful.
People
may
say
that
someone
has
trouble
controlling
their
temper.__E__E.
In
fact,
they
usually
mean
that
a
kid
behaves
badly
when
feeling
angry.G.
Some
kids
get
angry
more
often
or
more
easily
than
some
other
kids.（三）逻辑关系逻辑关系的衔接过渡性句子可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为:①，并列关系:
First(ly),Second(ly),;
First,
then/next;
In
the
first
place,
in
the
second
place;for
one
thing,
for
another
thing
,..;
then
/next
,finally/last等②，递进关系：too
,also,
besides,
further
,furthermore
,moreover
,what's
more
,
in
addition
,
as
well
,
to
make
matters
worse
,not
..but...
,not
only...but
also...等③，转折关系：but,
however，yet
,while
/though
,or
/otherwise
,on
the
contrary
,instead,
nevertheless
(
然而),
,despite,in
spite
of,
,on
the
contrary等④，因果关系:
so
,
therefore
,
thus
,consequently(结果)
,as
a
result
(of),
so/such
..that
...,
so
that
...等⑤，对比关系:similarly，similar
to，compared
with
(to)，likewise，in
the
same
way，in
this
way，just
like，just
as...等⑥，解释例证关系:
for
example
,for
instance
,in
fact/as
a
matter
of
fact
,actually
,in
other
words
/that
is
to
say等⑦，概况归纳关系:
in
short，in
brief，in
summary
，generally
speaking
,in
general
,
to
conclude
,in
conclusion,
in
a
word
,on
the
whole
,
to
sum
up等例4：__C__
Second,
your
notes
are
excellent
materials
to
refer
to
when
you
are
studying
for
a
test.A.
You
must
write
your
notes
on
separate
paper.B.
There
are
three
practical
note-taking
methods.C.
First,
the
simple
act
of
writing
something
down
makes
it
easier
for
you
to
understand
and
remember
it.例5：
...This
could
be
watching
TV
or
listening
to
music.
Doing
some
exercises
earlier
in
the
day
should
help
you
feel
physically
as
well
as
mentally
tired.___B___
However,
coffee
or
tea
should
be
avoided
as
they
contain
caffeine
and
will
keep
you
awake...A.
So,
what's
a
good
sleep?B.
A
bedtime
drink
can
also
help.C.
Having
a
good
sleep
will
keep
you
lively
the
whole
day.三，随堂巩固：(1)__B__The
image
includes
the
way
you
look,the
way
you
act,
the
way
you
talk
and
the
way
you
think.
Interestingly,
our
self-images
are
often
quite
different
from
the
images
others
hold
about
us.A.
Always
love
yourself.B,
Self-image
is
your
own
mind's
picture
of
yourself.Don't
allow
doubts
to
occur
in
it
.(2)___C___They
give
more
background
and
details.
They
also
let
you
read
parts
that
are
important
to
you
and
skip
the
rest.A.Both
television
and
the
Internet
have
many
disadvantages.B.Other
high-tech
timesavers
have
similar
disadvantagesC
Newspapers
and
magazines
have
some
important
advantages.(3)Psychologists
think
there
may
be
many
reasons
why
violent
games
are
more
harmful
to
children
than
violent
movies.
Firstly
players
are
actively
involved
in
violence,
and
may
begin
to
use
weapons
as
second
nature.__C___A.Children
are
most
likely
to
become
addicted
to
violent
video
games.B.
At
least
12
murders
since
1997
have
been
linked
to
an
addiction
with
violent
video
games.C,
Secondly
violent
games
provide
repetitive
aggressive
experiences
that
are
rewarded
by
more
killing.(4)___B_____However
,
the
real
movie
capital
is
Mumbai,
in
India.
Mumbai
used
to
be
known
as
Bombay,
and
so
the
film
industry
there
is
called“Bollywood”A.Sometimes
they
even
write
the
script
by
hand
.B,Most
people
think
that
the
capital
of
the
movie
world
is
Hollywood,
in
the
United
States.C.They
may
even
shoot
scenes
for
several
films
on
the
same
day
using
the
same
clothes.(5)Vacations
are
important.
We
need
to
take
time
out
from
work
to
relax,
and
just
be
ourselves._E_
We
should
all
be
allowed
to
leave
our
jobs
behind
us
at
least
for
a
few
weeks
each
year
and
just
have
fun.
...A.
With
it
come
many
health
problemsB.
When
you
finally
get
home
you'll
be
greatly
refreshed.C.
I
challenge
each
one
of
you
to
do
the
same.D.
Draw
up
a
detailed
plan
So
you
can
see
more.E.
Life
is
not
all
about
work,
or
at
least
it
shouldn't
be.F.
And
only
you
know
how
to
vacation
your
way.G.
For
my
next
holiday,
I
will
do
all
the
things
that
I
love
doing.四，总结：一)，解题方法：1，文章结构（大小标题，段首、段中、段尾）2，词汇的衔接（词汇复现，同范畴词，代词，遵就近原则）3，逻辑关系的衔接（并列，递进，转折，因果，对比，解释，概括）二)，解题步骤：1.看标题、副标题预测文章大意2.通读全文，查看主题句，分析结构.3.看选项，找出和文章相对应的关键词4.看空前空后内容，分析之间的逻辑性5.灵活掌握答题顺序(先易后难)6.代入答案，重点核查逻辑关系。三)，注意：●注重实效。阅读时不仅要注意文章的细节，更应该注意文章的布局。●注意命题陷阱。切忌当同样的词，同样的名字或同样的日期都在文或节选段落中出现，就认为它们是正确的选项，一定要符合逻辑，确保文章内容严谨。●注重速度。进行限时训练，培养实战观念，不可拖沓。五，课后练习【2019·全国卷II】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine
a
child
standing
on
a
diving
board
four
feet
high
and
asking
himself
the
question:“Should
I
jump?
This
is
what
motivation
or
the
lack
of
it
can
do.Motivation
and
goal
setting
are
the
two
sides
of
same
coin.
___36___
Like
the
child
on
the
diving
board,
you
will
stay
undecided.
___37___
More
than
that,
how
should
you
stay
motivated
to
achieve
the
goal?
First,
you
need
to
evaluate
yourself
,your
values
your
strengths,
your
weaknesses,
your
achievements,
your
desires,etc.
Only
then
should
your
you’re
your
goals.
You
also
need
to
judge
the
quality
and
depth
of
your
motivation.
This
is
quite
important,
because
it
is
directly
related
to
your
commitment.
There
are
times
when
your
heart
is
not
in
your
work.
___38___
So,
slow
down
and
think
what
you
really
want
to
do
at
that
moment.
Clarity(清晰)of
thoughts
can
help
you
move
forward.
Another
way
of
setting
realistic
goals
is
to
analyze
your
short
and
long
term
objectives,
keeping
in
mind
your
beliefs,
values
and
strengths.
Remember
that
goals
are
flexible.____39____
They
also
need
to
be
measurable.
You
must
keep
these
points
in
mind
while
setting
your
goals.
Your
personal
circumstances
are
equally
important.
For
example,
you
may
want
to
be
aPilot
but
can’t
become
one
because
your
eyesight
is
not
good
enough.____40____You
should
reassess
your
goals,
and
motivate
yourself
to
set
a
fresh
goal.You
will
surely
need
to
overcome
some
difficulties,
some
planned,
but
most
unplanned.
You
cannot
overcome
them
without
ample
motivation.
Make
sure
that
you
plan
for
these
difficulties
at
the
time
of
setting
your
goals.A.
This
can
affect
your
work.B.
So
how
should
you
motivate
yourself?C.
However,
this
should
not
discourage
you.D.
So
why
should
we
try
to
set
specific
goals?E.
They
can
change
according
to
circumstances.F.
Motivation
is
what
you
need
most
to
do
a
good
job.G.
Without
motivation
you
can
neither
set
a
goal
nor
reach
it【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章作者对于怎样设定具体目标，给出了一些方法。36.G上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”。下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，难以决定”。该空承上启下，G选项“没有目标，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G。37.B下文说“不仅如此，你应该如何为实现你的目标保持积极性”。该空引出下文，B选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢”切题，故选B。38.A上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么”。该空承上启下，A选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A。39.E上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选E。40.C
上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C选项“然而，这也不要使你沮丧”切题，故选C。六，本节课总结：本节课始终贯穿学法指导。有解题技巧的点拨，有“七选五”解题步骤的总结。但还是有诸多不足之处，其一，渗透“七选五”解题技巧即段首、段中、段末略显肤浅，如能再深入挖掘则更透彻。其二，课堂“七选五”练习题中稍显沉闷。结课句分享：Do
not
become
cocky
with
success,nor
discouraged
by
defeat.胜不骄，败不馁。