2022届高考英语二轮复习：非谓语动词复习课件（33张ppt）

(共33张PPT)
2非谓语动词
CONTENTS
目录
知识点讲解
例题分析
总结
课后作业
2
3
1
4
非谓语动词(Non-finite
Verb)
非谓语动词，又叫非限定动词，是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。
非谓语动词(Non-finite
Verb)
不定式
动词不定式：（to）+
do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。
　　否定式：not
+
(to)
do
不定式：表示目的和将来发生的事
所做成分:
除了谓语以外的其他成分都可以
注意，一个句子中有且只有一个谓语动词
一般式:
表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后.
例如：
　　He
seems
to
know
a
lot.
他看起来懂得很多。
　　We
plan
to
pay
a
visit.
我们计划去参观。
　
The
teacher
ordered
the
work
to
be
done.
老师要求完成工作。
不定式的一般式(to
do/to
be
done)
不定式的进行式(to
be
doing
)
进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，
例如：
　　The
boy
pretended
to
be
working
hard.
男孩假装工作得很努力。
　　He
seems
to
be
reading
in
his
room.
看起来他正在他的房间里面读书。
不定式的完成式(to
have
done/to
have
been
done)
完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。
例如：
　　I
happened
to
have
seen
the
film.
我偶然看过这部电影。
　　He
is
pleased
to
have
been
selected
as
monitor.
他很庆幸被选为班长。
1.作主语
02.title
Eg
:
To
finish
the
work
in
ten
minutes
is
very
hard.
十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。
动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例如上面两句可用如下形式：
It
is
very
hard
to
finish
the
work
in
ten
minutes.
十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。
不定式的句法功能
2.作表语
02.title
Her
job
is
to
clean
the
hall.
她的工作是打扫大厅。
He
appears
to
have
caught
a
cold.
他似乎感冒了。
不定式的句法功能
3.做宾语
常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want,hope,wish,offer,fail,plan,learn,pretend＋to
do
I
want
to
go
swimming.
我想要去游泳。
The
driver
failed
to
see
the
other
car
in
time.
司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
4.做定语
02.title
动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系：
①动宾关系：
I
have
a
meeting
to
attend.
我有一个会议要出席。
②说明所修饰名词的内容：
We
have
made
a
plan
to
finish
the
work.
我们制定了一个完成工作的计划。
③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语：
He
is
the
first
to
get
here.
他第一个来到这儿。
不定式的句法功能
5.做状语
02.title
①表目的：
He
worked
day
and
night
to
get
the
money.
他夜以继日地工作来赚钱。
②表结果
He
arrived
late
only
to
find
the
train
had
gone.
他来晚了，只见火车已经走了。
③表原因：常放在形容词后面
They
were
very
sad
to
hear
the
news.
他们听到这条新闻非常伤心。
④表程度：
It's
too
dark
for
us
to
see
anything.
太暗了，我们什么也看不见。
不定式的句法功能
动名词
动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。
动名词的形式：Ving
否定式：not
+
动名词
1．一般式：doing
Seeing
is
believing.
眼见为实。
2．被动式：being
done
He
came
to
the
party
without
being
invited．他未被邀请就来到了晚会。
动名词
3．完成式：having
done
We
remembered
having
seen
the
film.
我们记得看过这部电影。
4．完成被动式：having
been
done
He
forgot
having
been
taken
to
Guangzhou
when
he
was
five
years
old.
他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。
1.做主语
02.title
Reading
aloud
is
very
helpful.
朗读是很有好处的。
Collecting
stamps
is
interesting.
集邮很有趣。
当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。
It's
no
use
quarrelling.争吵是没用的。
2．作表语：
In
the
ant
city,the
queen's
job
is
laying
eggs.
在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。
动名词的句法功能
3.作宾语
02.title
They
haven't
finished
building
the
house.
他们还没有建好房子。
We
have
to
prevent
the
air
from
being
polluted.
我们必须阻止空气被污染。
要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：
enjoy,finish,suggest,avoid（避免），excuse,delay,imagine,keep,miss,consider,admit（承认），deny（否认），mind,permit,forbid,practise,risk（冒险），appreciate（感激），be
busy,be
worth,feel
like,can't
stand,can't
help（情不自禁地）…
动名词的句法功能
4.作定语
02.title
He
can't
walk
without
a
walking-stick.
他没有拐杖不能走路。
5.作同位语
The
cave,his
hiding-place
is
secret.
那个山洞，他藏身的地方很秘密。
动名词的句法功能
现在分词
现在分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。
现在分词主动语态的一般式(doing)表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式(having
done)表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。例如：
They
went
to
the
park,singing
and
talking.
他们边唱边说向公园走去。
Having
done
his
homework,he
played
basket-ball.
做完作业，他开始打篮球。
现在分词
现在分词的被动语态：一般式(being
done)表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式(having
been
done)表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。
The
problem
being
discussed
is
very
important.
正在被讨论的问题很重要。
Having
been
told
many
times,the
boy
made
the
same
mistake.
被告诉了好几遍，这个孩子又犯了同一个错误。
02.title
1．作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前
In
the
following
years
he
worked
even
harder.
在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。
2.现在分词作表语：
The
film
being
shown
in
the
cinema
is
exciting.
正在这家上演的电影很棒。
现在分词的句法功能
02.title
3.作宾语补足语
Can
you
hear
her
singing
the
song
in
the
next
room?
你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗？
4．现在分词作状语：
①作时间状语：
(While)
Working
in
the
factory,he
was
an
advanced
worker.
在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工人。
②作原因状语：
Being
a
League
member,he
is
always
helping
others.
由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他人。
现在分词的句法功能
02.title
③作方式状语，表示伴随：
He
stayed
at
home,cleaning
and
washing.
他呆在家里，又擦又洗。
④作条件状语：
(If)
Playing
all
day,you
will
waste
your
valuable
time.
要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间。
⑤作结果状语：
He
dropped
the
glass,breaking
it
into
pieces.
他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。
⑥作目的状语：
He
went
swimming
the
other
day.
几天前他去游泳了。
⑦作让步状语
现在分词的句法功能
过去分词
过去分词只有一种形式：done
规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则
1.作定语
Those
selected
as
committee
members
will
attend
the
meeting.
当选为委员的人将出席这次会。
2.作表语
The
window
is
broken.
窗户破了。
过去分词
3.作状语
Praised
by
the
neighbours,he
became
the
pride
of
his
parents.
受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。（表示原因）
Once
seen,it
can
never
be
forgotten.
一旦它被看见，人们就忘不了。（表示时间）
4.作宾语补足语：
I
heard
the
song
sung
several
times
last
week.
上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。
典型习题
1．The
Olympic
Games,
___C___
in
776
B.C,
did’t
include
women
players
until
1919.
A.first
playing
B.to
be
first
played
C.first
played
D.to
be
first
playing
2．European
football
is
played
in
80
countries,
__A____
it
the
most
popular
sport
in
the
world.
A.making
B.makes
C.made
D.to
make
3．Little
Jim
should
love
___A___
to
the
theater
this
evening.
A.to
be
taken
B.to
take
C.being
taken
D.taking
4.The
patient
was
warned
___C___
oily
food
after
the
operation.
A.to
eat
not
B.eating
not
C.not
to
eat
D.not
eating
5.The
murderer
was
brought
in,with
his
hands
___D___
behind
his
back.
A.being
tied
B.having
tied
C.to
be
tied
D.tied
02.title
1.——I
usually
go
there
by
train.
——Why
not
____D_
by
boat
for
a
change?
A.to
try
going
B.trying
to
go.
C.to
try
and
go.
D.try
going
2.____C__
a
reply,he
decided
to
write
again.
A.Not
receiving
.
B.Receiving
not
C.Not
having
received.
D.Having
not
received
课后作业
02.title
3.Charles
Babbage
is
generally
considered
____C__
the
first
computer.
A.to
invent.
B.inventing.
C.to
have
invented.
D.having
invented
4.Most
of
the
artists
____A__
to
the
party
were
from
South
Africa.
A.invited.
B.to
invite.
C.being
invited.
D.had
been
invited
课后作业
THANK
YOU!
Thank
you！