牛津译林版（2019）必修二 Unit 3 Festivals and customs词汇、语法、课文拓展填空、写作、学案（有答案）

2021-2022年高一上学期牛津英语必修一单元三套题(词汇、语法、课文拓展填空、写作)
词汇
识记
on
the
rocks
濒临破裂，（企业等）濒临失败，岌岌可危，（关系）陷于困境，在岩石上
Our?film?industry?is?on?the
rocks.?
She?confided?to?her?mother?six?months?ago?that?her?marriage?was?on?the
rocks.
I?can?see?an?eagle's?nest?on
the
rocks.
awkward
adj.
令人尴尬的，使人难堪的，难对付的，难处理的，不方便的
awkwardly
adv.
令人尴尬地，使人难堪地，难对付地，难处理地，不方便地
awkwardness
n.
尴尬;难堪，不方便
You've
put
me
in
an
awkward
position.
sight
n.
视力;，视觉，看见，视力范围，视野
in/within
one’s
sight
在某人视线以内
out
of
one’s
sight
在某人视线以外
She
has
very
good
sight.
I
have
been
known
to
faint
at
the
sight
of
blood.
original
adj.
原来的，起初的，最早的，首创的，独创的，原作的，真迹的，非复制的
n.
原件，正本，原稿，原作，(复数：originals)
an
original
thinker有创意的人
in
the
original
用原著的语言，未经翻译
This
painting
is
a
copy；the
original
is
in
Madrid.
The
room
still
has
many
of
its
original
features.
medium
adj.
中等的，中号的
n.(传播信息的)媒介，手段，工具，方法(复数：media/
mediums)
a
man
of
medium
height?
中等身材的人
the
medium
of
radio/television?
广播/电视媒介
electronic/audio-visual
media?
电子/视听媒体
social
media
社交媒体
There
are
three
sizes----small,
medium
and
large.
Blood
is
the
medium
in
which
oxygen
is
carried
to
all
parts
of
the
body.
make
it
获得成功；把事情做成(比如：能够出席、准时到达)
I'm
sorry.?I?can't?make?it?tomorrow.
horrible
adj.
毛骨悚然的，可怕的，极可憎恨的，令人讨厌的，极坏的
(同义词：shocking,
terrible,
dreadful)
die
a
horrible
death
死得很惨
horrible
smells
难闻的气味
I
have
never
had
such
a
horrible
meal.
chat
n.闲谈，聊天
vi.闲谈，聊天
chat
room
聊天室
TV
chat
show
电视访谈节目
The
customers
always
chat
without
buying
anything.
cafe
n.
小餐馆，咖啡馆
Many
cafes
serve
pastries
and
snacks.
recover
vt.
恢复，找到，全额收回，重新获得
vi.
恢复健康
I
recovered
the
money
I
had
lost.
Jennie
made
a
great
effort
to?recover?herself.
She
has
recovered
her
health.
I
think
she
will?recover.
When
you?recover
from?an
illness
or
an
injury,
you
become
well
again.
The
stock-market
index
fell
by
80%
before
it
began
to
recover.
respond
vi.
&
vt.
回应，回答，反应，响应
Eric
could
only
respond
in
broken
English.
Your
baby
may
respond
to
unfamiliar
faces
too.
loss
n.
丧失，遗失，损失，去世
total
loss
全部损失，总损失，
全损
weight
loss
减肥，体重减轻，失重
loss
ratio
损失率，损失比率
at
a
loss
不知所措，困惑
I'm?at?a?loss?what?to?do?next.?
Detectives?are
so
far?at?a?loss?to
explain?the?reason
for?his?death.
All?his?goods?sell?at
a
loss.
His?comments?left?me?at?a?loss?for?words.?
You
have
to
do
something
to
prevent
their
loss,
not
try
to
replace
it.
judge
n.
法官，鉴别家，裁判员
vt.
&
vi.
审判，判决，断定，认为，评价
judging
by...
(或from)
根据......来判断
judge
by
[from]
appearances
由外观上判断
Judge
from
the
fact
根据事实判断
You
can't
judge
a
book
by
its
cover.
He
is
going
to
judge
the
first
race.
Will
you
judge
at
the
Flower
Show?
The
prisoner
was
taken
before
the
judge.
He
was
one
of
the
judges
at
the
horse
race.
in
the
wrong
有错误，负有责任
The
motorcyclist
was
clearly
in
the
wrong.
It’s
never
easy
to
admit
you
are
wrong.
apologize
vi.
道歉，赔罪，谢罪(=beg
pardon,
express
regret
)
apologize
for...
因......而道歉
That
was
rude
of
me.
I
apologize.
It’s
I
who
should
apologize,
not
you.
There's
no
need
to?apologize.
I
apologize
for
being
late.
behavior
n.
行为，规矩，品行，态度
a
repetitive
pattern
of?behavior
重复的行为模式
We
apologize
unreservedly
for
Mr
Taylor's
incorrect?behavior.
Derek
criticized
every
aspect
of
Pauline's?behavior,
something
he
had
never
done
when
they
were
courting.
She
had
never
had
a
real
boyfriend
before
and
so
had
no
yardstick
by
which
to
compare
Charles's?behavior.
case
n.事实，情况，病例，案件，箱子，盒子，容器
vt.
把...装入箱内，装箱
brief
case
公文包
in
any
case
无论如何；不管怎样
in
case
(of)
以防万一
in
that
case
如果那样的话
in
this
case
如果这样的话
in
the
case
of...
以......为例，在......方面
in
no
case
绝不
It’s
often
the
case
that...
情况常常这样......
Human
rights
groups
have
been
closely
watching
the?case.
The
case
involved
charges
of
police
corruption.
We
ordered
3
cases
of
beer
for
the
party.
The
goods
have
been
cased
up
for
transport.
It’s
often
the
case
that
there
is
no
simple
answer
in
science.
frank
adj.
坦白的，直率的，真诚的，公开的
to
be
frank(frankly
speaking)
坦率地说
After
their
meeting,
both
men
described
the
talks
as?frank,
friendly
and
constructive.
definitely
adv.
明确地，确切地，一定地，肯定地
The
play
is?definitely?aimed
at
an
adult
audience.
I
definitely
agree
with
you.
I'm
definitely
going
to
get
in
touch
with
these
people.
trick
n.
戏法，诡计，技巧，恶作剧
vt
.
欺骗，打扮，欺诈
magic
tricks
魔术戏法
do
the
trick
成功，达到目的
trick
or
treat
不招待就使坏
hat
trick?
帽子戏法（指连入三球）
play
a
trick?on
sb
捉弄某人，开某人玩笑
dirty
trick?
卑鄙手段
clever
trick?
高明的把戏，聪明的花招，熟练的伎俩
We
are
playing
a
trick
on
a
man
who
keeps
bothering
me.
The?trick?boomeranged,
though.?
let
go
of
放开；放走；放松；放弃；摒弃
Let
go
of
your
anger/fear/doubt.
The
man
won’t
let
go
of
my
arm.
ignore
vt.
忽视，忽略，不理，对......不知
(同义词：disregard,
overlook
名词：ignorance)
These
feelings
are
impossible
to
ignore.
Such
arguments
ignore
the
question
of
where
ultimate
responsibility
lies.
suffer
vt.
遭受，经受，容忍，承受
vi.
受痛苦，受苦难，患病，受损失，受害
Vegetarians
are
less
likely
to?suffer?from
obesity.
suffer
sth.
:?to?experience?sth.
unpleasant,
such
as
injury,
defeat
or
loss
表示“遭受（不愉快的事情，比如伤害，失败或者损失）”。强调突然的或者一般的某一次不愉快的经历。
suffer
great
pain
?遭受很大的痛苦
suffer
from?sth.：?to?be
badly
affected
by?a
disease,
pain,
sadness,
a
lack
of
sth.,
etc.?
表示（因疾病，痛苦，悲伤等）受苦，受难，受折磨。强调周而复始的受到某个疾病或者苦难的折磨
例如
suffer
from
a
shortage
of
skilled
staff
?缺乏熟练的员工
People
lived
shorter
lives
and
so
they
didn't
get
far
enough
into
the
age
span
to
suffer
from
the
chronic
diseases(慢性疾病)
that
people
are
suffering
more
today.
misunderstand
vt.
&
vi.
误解，误会
反义词
understand
/comprehend
/
follow
/
grasp
I
think
the
couple
misunderstand
each
other.
They
pretend
to
misunderstand
my
complaint.
contact
n.&
vt.
接触，联系，关联，联络，沟通
come
into
contact
with...
与......接触
She
now
avoided
social
contact,
preferring
to
stay
home.
For
tickets,
contact
the
Hiton
box
office.
How
can
my
family?contact?me
in
case
of
an
emergency??
When
you?contact?these
two
wires,
the
machine
will
start
at
once
explode
vt.
使爆炸，打破，使爆发
vi.
爆发，爆炸，发作，迅速扩张
The
bomb
was
timed
to
explode
during
the
rush-hour.
Andrew,
who
was
short-tempered
from
a
sleepless
night,
was
ready
to
explode.
An
active
volcano
may
explode
at
any
time.
The
population
was
still
exploding.
Fireworks
explode
over
the
floating
Christmas
tree
in
Lagoa
Lake.
Many
people
explode
fireworks
on
Lantern
Festival.
These
are
the
facts
that
explode
their
so-called
economic
miracle.
辨析：explode,
burst,
erupt
这些词均有“爆炸、爆发”之意。explode指物体爆炸而释放大量热能的一刹那。burst强调爆炸能量的突然释放和力量的突然迸发或动作的突然发生。
erupt主要指火山的爆发。
generous
adj.
慷慨的，宽大的，度量大的
generous
heart
包容心，宽容心
Douglas
was
a
complex
man,
thoughtful,
gallant,
and?generous.
That's
very?generous?of
you.
You
can
know
yourself
to
be
generous,
but
unless
you
do
something
which
displays
generosity,
you
have
nothing
but
a
concept.
count
on
依赖，依靠，期望，指望
count
on
sb/sth.
（有把握地）期待、指望、依靠某人/某事
count
on
doing
sth.
指望做某事
Doctors
could
now
count
on
a
regular
salary.
I'll
be
back.
You
can
count
on
it.
I
can
always
count
on
you
to
cheer
me
up.
He
is
counting
on
winning
seats
and
perhaps
a
share
in
the
new
government.
eat
away
at
逐渐摧毁；逐渐侵蚀；腐蚀
The
sea
eats
away
at
coastlines.
His
illness
is
eating
away
at
his
income.
shallow
adj.浅的；肤浅的；浅薄的
(反义词:
deep)
I
think
he
is?shallow,
vain
and
untrustworthy.
Our
ship
grounded
in
shallow
water.
blog
n.
网志，部落格，博客
Thank
you
for
following
my
blog.
come
between…and…
在…...中间干涉、阻碍、离间
I
don't
want
this
misunderstanding
to
come
between
us.
They?are?good?friends?and?nothing?can?come
between
them.
Don't?let?anything?come?between?you?and?your?listeners.?
in
person
亲自，亲身
I
shall
be
present
at
the
meeting?in
person.
Most
invitations
are
made
by
telephone
or?in
person.
theme
n.
题目，作文，论文，主题，主旋律（同义词：subject，?topic，?text，?issue）
central
theme
主题
The
Sports
Cafe
is,
in
truth,
no
more
than
a?theme?restaurant.
Her
business
interests
include
a?theme?park.
slave
n.
奴隶
vi.
做苦工
The
story
tells
of
a
runaway?slave?girl
in
Louisiana
in
1855.
The
pyramids
were
mostly
built
by?slaves.
He
was
a
helpless?slave?to
his
addiction.
raft
n.
木排，筏
vt.
以筏运送
vi.
乘筏
life
raft
救生筏
A
man
poled
his
bamboo?raft?across
a
shallow
river.
They?rafted?down
the
Mississippi
river.
high
point
最高点，最有意思、最令人愉快、最好的部分
The
chase
scene
is
the
high
point
of
the
film.
through
thick
and
thin
不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦
I'll
always
stand
by
you
through
thick
and
thin.
They
promised
to
stay
together?through
thick
and
thin.
His
wife
stuck
faithfully
to
him?through
thick
and
thin.
Thank
you
for
standing
by
me?through
thick
and
thin.
在英语中，还有其他一些表达也能有一样的意思：
through
foul
and
fair
患难与共
He's
been
a
good
friend
through
fair
and
foul.
share
someone's
joy
and
sorrow
分享某人的喜怒哀乐
These
days
you
need
to
prove
you
can
draw
crowds
and
own
fans
that
are
willing
to
follow
you
and?share
your
joys
and
sorrows.
stand
right
beside
sb.
站在某人的一边
I
will
always?stand
right
beside
you.
opinion
n.
意见，见解，看法，(群体的)意见，观点，信仰
（复数：?opinions）
opinion
poll
民意测验，民意调查
in
one’s
opinion
在某人看来
I
had
a
higher?opinion?of
myself
than
I
deserved.
Despite
poor?opinion?poll
showings,
the
party
selected
him
as
its
candidate.
He
is,
in
my
poor?opinion,
a
more
handsome
young
man.
quality
n.
质量，品质，优质，特质，特征，素养，优秀，卓越
(复数：qualities)
adj.
优质的，高质量的
quality
of
life
生活质量，生命质量
quality
management
质量管理，品质管理，素质管理
quality
standards
质量标准，品质标准，质量的标准
quality
inspection
质量检验，质检
quality
guarantee
质量保证，品质保障，质量保障
quality
cost
质量成本，品质成本
The
government
made
great
efforts
to
upgrade
the?quality
of
the
teaching
profession.
Everyone
can
greatly
improve
the
quality
of
life.
These
shoes
are
made
of?quality?leather.
basis
n.
基础，基准，原因，根据（复数：?bases）
on
the?basis?of?…
以
……为基准
Tickets
will
be
sold
on
the
same?basis?as
in
previous
years.
On
the?basis?of
these
statistics
important
decisions
are
made.
The
information
was
used
as
the?basis?for
decision
.
respect
n.
尊敬，尊重，方面，重视
vt.
尊敬，尊重，遵守，重视
respect
privacy
尊重隐私
respect
for
tradition
尊重传统，崇尚传统，尊重习俗
in/with
respect
to
关于
The
only
rules
that
matter
are
practical
ones
that?respect?locals.
The
director
had
a
lot
of?respect?for
Douglas
as
an
actor.
get
over
恢复常态，克服
They
held
a
banquet
to
help
their
visiting
friends?get?over?the
shock.
It
took
her
a
long
time
to?get?over?her
cold.
efficient
adj.
有效率的，有能力的，有功效的（反义词inefficient
/
unable
/
incapable
/
incompetent）
The
metro(地铁)
is?efficient?and
spotlessly
clean.
Who
wouldn't
want
such
an?efficient?and
far-sighted
man
on
their
side?
extra
adj.
(作表语或定语)额外的，特别的，分外的，附加的
adv.
额外地，特别地，分外地
Extra?safety
precautions
are
essential.
Guests
at
this
hotel
can
use
the
gym
at
no
extra
cost.
He
bought
extra
food
in
anticipation
of
more
people
coming
than
he'd
invited.
There
are
extra
flights
to
Colorado
during
the
winter.
We'll
give
you
an
extra
special
discount
for
buying
these
goods.
bring
out
使显现，展现出，拿出，阐释，揭示，出版
to
bring
out
the
best
in
sb.
使某人表现出最好的品质，激发出某人最好的一面
to
bring
out
the
worst
in
sb.
使某人表现出最差的一面,
He
was
so
shocked
that
he
could
hardly?bring
out?a
word.
When
will
the
publishers?bring
out?their
new
books?
Keep
calm
during
the
exam,
and
you
will?bring?out?the
best
in
you.
A
few
words?bring?out?the
image
of
a
village
girl.
measure
vt.
测量，度量，斟酌，估量，评估
n.
措施，测量
effective
measure
有效措施
for
good
measure
额外
technical
measure
技术措施
a
tape?measure
一把卷尺
in
full
measure
最大程度地，最大限度地
in
some
measure
在某种程度上
in
equal
measure
在同等程度上
How
do
we
measure
poverty?
This
measure
is
suited
to
some
places,,
but
not
to
others.
I
had
better?measure?my
words
so
as
not
to
embarrass
anyone.
The
room
measures
ten
meters
long.
For?two?years?they?enjoyed
happiness?in?full?measure?and?then?Jane?fell?ill.?
reflection
n.
反射，深思，反省，映像，反映
(复数：?reflections)
A
healthy
skin
is
a?reflection?of
good
health
in
general.
On
further?reflection,
I
came
to
doubt
whether
I
was
right
or
not.
The
outer
world
you
see
is
a?reflection?of
your
inner
self.
Reflection?of
the
past
aims
at
the
future.
seek
(sought
sought)
vi.
&
vt.
寻找，寻求，追求，试图，争取
seek
for
寻找，谋取
seek
help
寻求帮助，求助，求救
hide-and-seek
捉迷藏
They
came
here
to?seek?shelter
from
biting
winter
winds.
Many
patients
self-diagnose
and
do
not?seek?medical
help
for
their
symptoms.
The
contract
will?seek?to
define
the
client's
obligations.
escape
vi.
&
vt.
逃跑，逃脱，没被…注意，被…遗忘，逃避，躲避，避开，侥幸躲过
n.
逃跑，逃脱，泄漏，逃逸，逃避
escape
punishment
逃避惩罚
escape
capsule
逃生舱，逃离舱，逃逸飞行器
escape
attention
逃避关注
She
felt
there
was
no
place
where
she
could?escape?from
the
spying
eyes.
Romantic
novels
should
present
an?escape?from
the
dull
realities
of
life.
The
search
was
delayed,
allowing
the
murderers
to?escape
being
caught.
smooth
out消除、克服（困难等）
She
smoothed
out
wrinkles
out
of
the
tablecloth.
We?will
be?able
to?smooth?out?our
differences.?
Regrouping?of?countryside?will?smooth?out?many?problems?that
are
to?settle.
be
meant
to
do
sth
应该做某事，注定做某事
The
meeting
is
meant
to
deal
with
some
important
problems.
He
was?meant?to
do
his
best
by
everyone.
?
You're?meant?to
take
your
shoes
off
when
you
enter
a
Hindu
temple.
??
Books
are?meant?to
be
read.
??
benefit
n.利益，好处，优势，成效，救济金
vt.
使收益
vi.得益于，受益于
反义词：damage
/
lose
/
loss
/
harm
/
disadvantage
benefit
from
从……获利/收益.
It
was
for
the
benefit
of
your
company
that
we
did
that.
Applications
for
unemployment
benefits
dropped
last
month.
The
new
hospital
will
benefit
the
entire
community.
A
large
number
of
students
will
benefit
from
the
new
teaching
method.
comfort
n.
舒适，自在，安慰，慰藉，安逸，享受
vt.
安慰，慰藉，使放松
adj.
comfortable
comfort
letter
安慰函，告慰函
comfort
and
convenience
舒适和便利，舒适和方便，舒适便捷
If
you
stay
within
your?comfort?zone
you
will
never
improve.
He
returned
to
the
comparative?comfort?of
his
own
home.
She
looked
so
sad
that
I
bent
down
to?comfort?her.
joy
n.
喜悦，快乐，令人高兴的人或事
反义词：sorrow
/
grief
/
sadness
/
regret
近义词：pleasure/
fun
/enjoyment
I
had
moments
of
inexpressible?joy.
She
shouted
with?joy.
The
children
are
jumping
with?joy?at
the
thought
of
an
extra
day’s
holiday.
It
is
a
great?joy/delight
to
watch
sunrise
at
the
top
of
Mount
Hua.
failure
n.
失败，未做到，未履行，故障，失灵，衰退，衰竭，不及格，失败的人或事（复数：failures）
failure
analysis
故障分析，失误分析，失败分析
failure
rate
故障率，失效速率，失误率
Failure
is
the
mother
of
success.
If
taken
in
large
quantities,
the
drug
can
result
in
liver?failure.
It
is
noteworthy
that
no
one
at
the
Bank
has
accepted
responsibility
for
the?failure.
take
on
承担，?具有，接受，雇用（近义词undertake?,?accept?,?obtain?,?receive?,?bear）
No
other
organization
was
able
or
willing
to
take
on
the
job.
This
is
a
brief
stop
to
take
on
passengers
and
water.
He's
spoken
to
a
publishing
company.
They're
going
to
take
him
on.
I?don't?feel
ready
to?take?on?new?responsibilities.
The?chameleon(变色龙)?can?take?on?the?colors?of
its
background.
moment
n.
片刻，瞬间，时光，时机，瞬间，某个时候
for
the
moment
现在
for
a
moment
一会儿
at
the
moment
此刻
I'm
sorry;
he's
out
at
the?moment.
The
house
looked
as
if
it
were
going
to
fall
down
at
any?moment.
At
no
time
in
the
day
must
there
be
an
idle?moment.
indeed
adv.
确实，实在，真是，真正地
Our
new
cook
is?indeed?one
in
a
thousand.
He
prepares
excellent
dishes.
We
are?indeed?sorry
for
not
being
able
to
meet
your
present
order
immediately.
A
friend
in
need
is
a
friend
indeed.
well-meaning
adj.
善意的，好心的
Even
well-meaning
attempts
at
conservation
can
bring
problems.
On
the
contrary,
I
am
thoughtful
and?well-meaning.
recognize
vt.
承认，识别，认出，意识到
The
receptionist
recognized
him
at
once
I
recognize
my
own
shortcomings
A
man
I
easily
recognized
as
Luke's
father
sat
with
a
newspaper
on
his
lap.
thorough
adj.
彻底的，十分的，周密的，仔细的，全面的
thorough
repair
大修
thorough
understanding
深入了解，透彻的理解，透彻了解
thorough
cleaning
大扫除
We
have
asked
our
service
department
to
have
thorough
investigation
of
the
complaint.
This
course
provides
a
thorough
introduction
to
the
principles
and
methods
of
physics
for
students
who
have
good
preparation
in
physics
and
mathematics.
death
n.
死，死亡，死去，死亡状态
death
from
overwork
过劳死
death
threat
死亡威胁
death
sentence
死刑判决，死亡判决
fight
to
death
战斗到底
We're
working
on
the
assumption
that
the
time
of?death?was
after
midnight.
His
wife's?death?has
long
been
the
subject
of
rumor
and
anecdote.
company
n.
公司，陪伴，同伴，作伴
company
limited
有限公司，有限责任公司，股份有限公司
in
the
company
of
?在…的陪同下
He
kept
me
company.
She
helped
to
keep
the
company
alive
when
its
existence
was
threatened.
crowd
n.
人群，一帮人，一伙人
vi.
群集，拥挤
vt.
挤满，塞满，使拥挤
be
crowded
with…
挤满……
The
crowd
began
throwing
stones.
There
was
a
crowd
of
people
in
front
of
the
town
hall.
I
saw
a
crowd
of
magazines
and
papers
on
her
desk.
He
crowded
more
books
onto
the
shelf.
poet
n.
诗人，有诗人才气的人
What
makes
a?poet's
work
survive?
He
was
a
painter
and?poet.
admire
vt.
钦佩，羡慕，赞美
I
really?admire?you,
Diana.
I?admire?him
for
his
success
in
career.
wine
n.
葡萄酒，果酒
wine
grapes
酿酒葡萄
wine
country
葡萄酒国家，红酒之乡，葡萄酒乡
I
don't
want
to
drink
much
red?wine?on
a
school
night.
She
had
a
cup
of
the
same?wine?and
suffered
no
ill
effects.
默写（单词和词组互译，部分有首字母提示）
1.a________
adj.令人尴尬的;使人难堪的;难处理地;不方便地(awkward)
2.________
n.
视力;视觉;看见(sight)
3.________
adj.
原来的;起初的;最早的;首创的;独创的(original)
4.h_________
adj.毛骨悚然的；可怕的；极可憎的；令人讨厌的；极坏的(horrible)
5._______
n.闲谈；聊天
vi.闲谈；聊天(chat)
6.________
vt.
恢复;
找回;
全额收回；重新获得(recover)
7.________
vi.道歉；赔罪；谢罪(apologize)
8.b________
n.行为；规矩；品行；态度(behaviour)
9.d
________
adv.明确地；确切地；一定地；肯定地(definitely)
10._________
n.戏法；诡计；技巧；恶作剧
(trick)
11._________
vt.
忽视；忽略；不理；对…装作不知(ignore)
12.________
vt.
遭受；经受；容忍；承受
vi.受痛苦；受疼痛；受苦难；患病(suffer)
13.________
vt.
&
vi.
误解；误会(misunderstand)
14.________
n.&
vt.
接触；联系；关联；联络；沟通(contact)
15.________
vt.使爆炸；打破；使爆发
vi.爆发；爆炸(explode)
16.________
adj.慷慨的；宽大的；度量大的(generous)
17.________
n.
网志；部落格；博客(blog)
18.________
n.
题目；作文；论文；主题；主旋律(theme)
19.________
n.奴隶
vi.
作苦工(slave)
20._______
n.
木排；筏
vt.
以筏运送
vi.
乘筏(raft)
21._______
n.
意见；见解；看法(opinion)
22.
_______
n.
质量；品质；优质；特质；特征；素养；优秀；卓越(quality)
23._______
n.
基础；基准；原因；根据(basis)
24._______
n.
尊敬；尊重；方面；重视(respect)
25._________
adj.（作表语或定语）额外的；特别的；分外的；附加的(extra)
26.
be
meant
to
do
sth________
(应该做某事；注定做某事)
27.
in
any
case____________
(无论如何；不管怎样)
28.
in
the
wrong_________
(有错；负有责任)
29.
make
it________
(获得成功；把事情做成(比如：能够出席、准时到达))
30.
on
the
rocks________
(濒临破裂;（企业等）濒临失败;岌岌可危;在岩石上)
31.
let
go
of______
(放开；放走；放松；放弃；摒弃)
32.
count
on_______
(依赖;
依靠;期望;
指望)
33.
eat
away
at_________
(逐渐摧毁；逐渐侵蚀；腐蚀)
34.
come
between…and…_________(在…...中间干涉、阻碍、离间)
35.
in
person______
(亲自;亲身)
36.
high
point________
(
最高点；最有意思、最令人愉快、最好的部分)
37.
through
thick
and
thin_________
(不顾艰难险阻；同甘共苦)
38.
bring
out_______
(使显现；展现出；拿出；阐释；揭示；出版)
39.
smooth
out_________
(消除、克服（困难等）)
40.
point
out
________
(指出)
根据句境、首字母及汉语提示完成单词填空
1.
I
have
been
known
to
faint
at
the
______
of
blood.
(sight)
2.
This
painting
is
a
copy;
the
o______
is
in
Madrid.
(original)
3.
There
are
three
sizes----small,
m______
and
large.
(medium)
4.
Blood
is
the
medium
in
which
oxygen
is
carried
to
all
parts
of
the
____.
（body）
5.
I'm
sorry.?I?can't?make?______?tomorrow.
(it)
6.
Many
______(咖啡馆)serve
pastries
and
snacks.
(cafes)
7.
Eric
could
only?r______?in
broken
English.
(respond/reply)
8.
I'm?at?a??_____
what?to?do?next.?(loss)
9.
You
can't
______
a
book
by
its
cover.
(judge)
10.
After
their
meeting,
both
men
described
the
talks
as?f____,
friendly,
and
constructive.(
frank)
11.
For
tickets,?c______?the
Hilton
box
office.
(contact)
12.
You
can
know
yourself
to
be
generous,
but
_____
you
do
something
which
displays
generosity,
you
have
nothing
but
a
concept.
(unless)
13.
His
illness
is
eating
____
at
his
income.
(away)
14.
Our
ship
grounded
in
____
water.
(shallow)
15.
I
don't
want
this
misunderstanding
to
come
_____
us.
(between)
16.
Who
wouldn't
want
such
an
e_____??and
far-sighted
man
on
their
side?
(efficient)
17.
The
room
m______
ten
meters
long.
(measures)
18.
A
healthy
skin
is
a?r______?of
good
health
in
general.
(reflection)
19.
They
came
here
to?_____(寻求)?shelter
from
biting
winter
winds.
(seek)
20.
She
felt
there
was
no
place
where
she
could?_____(逃跑)?from
the
spying
eyes.
(escape)
21.
It
was
for
the
b____
of
your
company
that
we
did
that.
（benefit）
22.
She
looked
so
sad
that
I
bent
down
to?c____?her.
(comfort)
23.
The
children
are
jumping
____?joy?at
the
thought
of
an
extra
day’s
holiday.
(with)
24.
______is
the
mother
of
success.
(Failure)
25.
The?chameleon(变色龙)?can?take?_____?the?colors?of
its
background.
(on)
26.
The
house
looked
as
if
it
were
going
to
fall
down
at
any?m______.
(moment)
27.
We
are?i_____?sorry
for
not
being
able
to
meet
your
present
order
immediately.(
indeed)
28.
On
the
contrary,
I
am
thoughtful
and?w_____(好心好意的).
（well-meaning/well-intended）
29.
A
man
I
easily
r______
as
Luke's
father
sat
with
a
newspaper
on
his
lap.
(recognized)
30.
We
have
asked
our
service
department
to
have
t_____
investigation
of
the
complaint.
(thorough)
31.
His
wife's?______(死亡)?has
long
been
the
subject
of
rumor
and
anecdote.
（death）
32.
She
helped
to
keep
the?______(公司)?alive
when
its
existence
was
threatened.（company/firm）
33.
There
was
a
c_____
of
people
in
front
of
the
town
hall.
（crowd）
34.
He
was
a
painter
and?p_____.
(poet/pianist)
35.
I?admire?him
_____
his
success
in
career.
(for)
36.
I
don't
want
to
drink
much
red?w____?on
a
school
night.
(wine)
二．语法
定语从句中关系代词的用法
定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语，修饰主句的某个名词、代词。用逗号和主句隔开的定语从句称非限制性定语从句。修饰整个句子的定语从句一般是非限制性定语从句。引导定语从句的关系代词有that,
which,
who,
whom,
whose,
as等；引导定语从句的关系副词有when,
where,
why。关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首，主句先行词之后，起着连接先行词和从句的作用，同时在从句中又充当句子的某个成分。如果定语从句修饰的名词或代词有更简洁的介词或副词短语修饰，则定语从句和主句出现分隔现象。
关系代词that,
which,
who,
whom,
whose,
as等的用法：
that既可指物，也可指人,在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语；不能作介词的宾语，只能引导限制性定语从句，不能引导非限制性定语从句。如：
A
plane
is
a
machine
that
can
fly
in
the
sky.
Do
you
know
the
girl
that/who
is
standing
over
there?
He
is
not
the
person
that
he
used
to
be.
This
is
the
book
(that/which)
he
borrowed
from
the
library
yesterday.
which指物，在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语(介词后表物的宾语只用which)。which可引导限制性定语从句；也可引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面主句中的某个名词或整个句子。如：
Can
you
see
the
red
house
which
is
located
behind
the
classroom
building?
Show
me
the
book
(which)
you
bought
yesterday.
This
is
the
house
in
which/where
he
was
born.
He
is
addicted
to
computer
games,
which
are
harmful
to
his
studies.
He
was
seriously
ill
when
he
was
young,
which
made
him
lose
his
sight.
who指人,在定语从句中作主语，引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语(介词后表人的宾语只用whom)，引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。如：
Do
you
know
the
teacher
who
is
teaching
my
English?
Mary
is
one
of
the
students
who
live
in
the
countryside.
在前面没有介词的情况下，who可替代whom。如：
The
headmaster
is
the
person
who/whom/that
Mr.
Lee
is
talking
with.
=
The
headmaster
is
the
person
with
whom
Mr.
Lee
is
talking.
We
will
pay
a
visit
to
Mr.
Wang,
who
still
works
for
our
school
in
his
seventies.
whose指人和物,在定语从句中作定语，引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。whose后面的名词和前面的名词构成所属关系。如：
This
is
the
girl
whose
mother
is
a
singer.
I
live
in
the
room
whose
door
faces
the
south.=I
live
in
the
room,
the
door
of
which
faces
the
south.
关系代词as也可以引导定语从句。
1.
as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the
same...
as,
such...
as...
,so...
as...结构中，以区别”so…that…,
such…that…”结构中that引导的结果状语从句。
(1)
I
never
give
my
students
such
difficult
homework
as
they
can’t
do.
(2)
Such
machines
as
are
used
in
our
workshop
are
made
in
China.
(3)
This
book
was
written
in
such
easy
English
as
beginners
could
understand.
对比：
This
book
was
written
in
such
easy
English
that
beginners
could
understand
it.(这句中的that引导的是结果状语从句，不是定语从句。)
2.
as引导的非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后,
也可放在主句中间，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：as
is
known
to
all,
as
is
said,
as
is
reported,
as
is
announced,
as
we
all
know,
as
I
expect等。
(1)
As
I
expected,
he
got
the
first
place
again
in
this
mid－term
examination.
(2)
Pingchao
is
a
beautiful
town,
as
we
all
know.
注意：which和as一样，也可以修饰整个句子，但有区别：
(1)
当非限制性定语从句为否定句时，常用which引导。
Tom
drinks
a
lot
everyday,
which
his
wife
doesn't
like
at
all.
(2)
which引导的修饰整个句子的非限制性定语从句只能放在句尾，而as引导的修饰整个句子的非限制性定语从句可放在句首、句尾或句中。
①Li
Ping
is
good
at
English,
as
we
all
know.
②As
is
known
to
all
of
us,
the
Great
Wall
is
a
pride
to
the
Chinese
people.
③Most
people
in
China
play
ping－pong,
which
makes
it
popular
in
China.
(3)
which在引导的修饰整个句子的非限制性定语从句中一般作行为动词的主语。
Mr.
Lee
teaches
English
in
a
lively
and
interesting
way,
which
benefits
his
students
greatly.
way后面的限制性定语从句的特殊关系词。way在后面的限制性定语从句中作状语，可以不用关系词，也可以用that，也可以用in
which。way在后面的限制性定语从句中如果不作状语而作主语或宾语，就只能用关系代词that或关系代词which。如：
I
don’t
like
the
way
(that/in
which)
you
speak
to
your
mother.
I
don’t
like
the
way
(that/which)
you
used
in
solving
the
problem.
另外，way后面跟to
do…或of
doing作定语的用法也需要注意：
This
is
the
best
way
he
can
think
of
to
solve
the
problem.=
This
is
the
best
way
he
can
think
of
of
solving
the
problem.
关系代词that的特殊用法：
1．先行词为something,
everything,
anything,
nothing,
all,
much,
little,
few,
none，one等时，引导定语从句的关系代词只能用that。
Is
there
anything
(that)
I
can
do
for
you?
Shanghai
is
the
only
one
of
the
cities
that
belongs
to
China.
2.
当先行词被the
only,
the
very,
the
last修饰时，引导定语从句的关系代词只能用that。
This
is
the
only
job
that
is
fit
for
you.
3．当先行词被序数词和最高级形容词修饰时或先行词是名词化的序数词和最高级形容词，引导定语从句的关系代词只能用that。
This
is
the
best
film
(that)
I
have
ever
seen.
When
we
talk
about
the
tourist
attractions
in
Hangzhou,
the
first
that
comes
into
our
minds
is
the
West
Lake.
4.
当先行词被any,
all
,no,
much,
little,
few,修饰时，引导定语从句的关系代词只能用that。
Any
girls
that
knew
him
were
English
students.
5.
当先行词为人和物的混合体时，引导定语从句的关系代词只能用that。
The
house
fell
and
hurt
a
woman
and
her
dog
that
were
just
passing
by.
They
had
a
long
talk
about
the
persons
and
the
things
(that)
they
both
knew.
6.
有时为避免重复，引导定语从句的关系代词只能用that。
Who
is
the
scientist
that
is
going
to
give
us
a
talk
on
space
this
Sunday?
要注意的是：以上都是讲的关系代词that的特殊使用，如果定语从句中使用的不是关系代词，不能因为思维定势而犯错误。如：
This
is
the
only
bookstore
where
you
can
buy
an
English
dictionary.
Is
there
a
bookstore
around
where
I
can
buy
an
English
dictionary？
在初中基础英语里，定语从句可以使用介词短语来简化。如：
I
prefer
to
stay
in
a
hotel
room
which
has
a
sea
view.=I
prefer
to
stay
in
a
hotel
room
with
a
sea
view.
Do
you
know
the
girl
who
is
holding
two
books
in
her
hand?=Do
you
know
the
girl
with
two
books
in
her
hand?
The
man
who
wears
a
blue
shirt
is
our
English
teacher.=The
man
in
a
blue
shirt
is
our
English
teacher.
定语从句和强调结构搭配，常出现which,
where引导的定语从句和强调that的搭配以及其它介词加关系代词引导的定语从句和强调that的搭配。如：
It
was
in
the
stone
house
which
was
built
as
a
school
by
local
villagers
that
the
boy
finished
his
primary
school.
(为避免重复，which一般不改用that。)
It
was
from
the
river
where
he
often
did
some
fishing
that
he
saved
the
girl.
It
was
the
activities
organized
by
the
school
in
which/where
they
gained
experience
for
growth
that
shaped
their
lives.
巩固练习：
一．阅读下面的短文，用正确的关系代词填空。
Titanic
You
may
have
heard
the
sad
story
about
“Titanic”
(1)____
sounded
very
sad,
but
it
is
true.
The
story
happened
on
the
ocean
where
the
great
ship
set
off
on
her
first
voyage,
but
also
her
last
one.
The
ship
sank
at
the
waters
where
there
were
not
many
icebergs.
The
ship
sank
on
the
night
when
there
were
stars
in
the
sky.
None
of
the
people
on
the
ship
knew
the
reason
why
the
great
ship
should
sank.
Now
evening
came
quietly.
Suddenly,
a
strange
sound
came
from
down
below
the
ship
(2)_____
was
flying
forward
like
a
great
bird.
Captain
Smith
did
not
find
there
was
something
wrong
until
the
engine
had
stopped
and
he
was
told
that
the
ship
was
flooded.
Thomas
Andrews
might
be
the
last
man
on
the
ship.
When
a
seaman
asked
him
if
he
was
going
to
leave,
he
gave
no
reply.
The
“Titanic”
is
to
him
what
a
child
to
his
mother.
He
really
did
not
know
whether
he
should
leave
the
ship
or
not.
Andrews
designed
“Titanic”.
Generally
speaking,
he
was
the
man
(3)_____
people
would
blame.
It
was
a
great
ship
(4)_____
could
carry
over
1000
passengers.
But
this
great
ship
(5)_____
the
famous
designer
was
proud
of
had
a
life
of
four
days.
Captain
Smith
was
another
man
(6)_____
people
would
blame.
Was
he
the
right
man
(7)_____
task
was
to
pilot
the
ship
of
dreams?
1.that/which
2.which/that
3.who/whom/that
4.that/which
5.that/which
6.whom/who/that
7.whose
二．用合适的关系代词或“介词+关系代词”完成短文。
Hawaii
is
the
only
U.S.
state
1
is
made
up
completely
of
islands.
It
has
1.67
million
square
kilometers
with
a
population
of
almost
1
million,
a
third
2
are
white
people
and
the
rest
are
Polynesian,
Philippines,
Chinese
and
Korean.
Honolulu,
3
is
the
capital
of
Hawaii,
is
situated
on
Oahu.
It
plays
a
role
of
business,
commercial
and
cultural
center
of
Hawaii,
4
about
80%
of
the
population
of
Hawaii
live.
About
five
centuries
ago,
the
Polynesian
from
the
south
Pacific
moved
to
the
beautiful
islands.
In
1795
most
islands
were
controlled
by
the
kingdom
of
Hawaii.
In
1893,
when
the
kingdom
was
overthrown
(推翻),
the
Republic
of
Hawaii
was
set
up
with
the
support
of
the
US.
However,
in
1898,
Hawaii
came
to
the
control
of
the
US.
In
1941
Japanese,
5
had
fights
with
many
Asian
countries
including
China,
bombed
(轰炸)
Pearl
Harbor,
6
led
the
USA
into
World
War
II,
since
when
Hawaii
became
a
major
naval
station
(海军基地).
Hawaii
became
the
50th
state
of
the
USA
in
1959.
Now
Hawaii,
7
largest
industry
is
tourism,
is
a
major
tourist
destination
in
the
world,
8
attracts
more
than
five
million
visitors
a
year.
Hawaii
is
one
of
two
states
9
do
not
observe
(遵循)
daylight
saving
time
(夏令时);
the
other
is
Arizona.
It
is
also
one
of
two
states
10
are
not
within
the
mainland
of
the
United
States;
the
other
is
Alaska.
that
2.
of
which
3.
which
4.
in
which
5.
who
6.
which
7.
whose
8.
which
9.
that/which
10.
that/which
三．课文阅读拓展填空
根据文章的句境、首字母及所给单词，完成单词填空。
练习一
Friendship
Friendship
is
a
bridge
1._____(build)
by
friends
together.
It
is
a
great
project
2.
_____
requires
time
and
energy,
care
and
devotion.
One
day,
I
3.b______
a
tea
cup
in
the
teacher’s
office
by
4.a______.
Before
anybody
noticed
what
had
happened
there,
I
escaped
5.______(hurry).
I
was
so
worried
that
I
shared
this
secret
6._____
my
close
friend
Li
Hua.
She
took
hold
of
my
hands
and
said,
“Go
to
tell
the
7.t_____
and
I
will
go
with
you.”
I
will
never
forget
Li
Hua’s
answer
when
I
asked
her
why
she
8.______(courage)
me.
She
said,
“Because
I
know
your
decision,
and
I
just
push
you
forward.”
From
then
on,
I
realize
9._____
friendship
should
be.
For
one
thing,
true
friendship
is
the
understanding
of
the
minds.
For
10.______,
a
friend
who
tries
to
11.
______(good)
you
and
care
you
is
a
true
friend.
Once
you
have
found
such
a
true
friend,
12._____
treasure
him
or
her.
1.
built
2.
which/that
3.
broke
4.
accident
5.
hurriedly
6.with
7.truth
8.
encouraged
9.
what
10.
another
11.
better
12.
do
练习二
International
Friendship
Day
International
Friendship
Day
is
a
day
for
1.______(friend)
and
friendship
when
we
appreciate
our
friends,
renew
our
friendship
ties
and
reach
out
to
2.____
new
friends.
It
takes
place
on
the
first
Sunday
of
August
every
year.
The
first
Sunday
of
August
was
3.________(recognize)
as
a
holiday
in
honor
of
friends
in
America.
4._____
Friendship
Day
becoming
popular
and
successful
in
the
US,
more
and
more
countries
accepted
the
holiday,
5.____
it
has
become
an
international
festival.
International
Friendship
Day
is
6.______(much)
popular
among
young
people
especially
at
school
and
college.
It
is
celebrated
by
giving
friends
7.g_____
and
cards,
calling
them
or
8.______(send)
them
short
text
messages.
Some
friends
celebrate
the
day
by
dining
out
9._____
some
choose
to
10.______
their
friends
for
a
meal
at
home.
Friendship
Day
celebrations
have
come
a
long
way,
but
the
basic
idea
11.b_____
the
day
has
never
changed.
People
express
love
for
their
friends,
and
12._____
in
mind
their
presence
in
life.
1.
friends
2.
make
3.
recognized
4.
With
5.
and
6.more
7.gifts
8.sending
9.while
10.invite
11.behind
12.bear/keep
练习三
How
to
Get
Along
Well
with
Others？
In
our
daily
life,
we
are
in
1.c_____
with
all
kinds
of
people.
So
it
is
important
for
us
to
know
how
to
get
along
well
2._____
other
people.
To
get
along
well
with
others
and
win
their
friendships,
we
should
do
as
follows.
To
begin
with,
we
must
be
honest
to
others
and
should
always
3.____
what
we
say.
Lies,
of
course,
will
make
others
stay
far
away
4._____
us
in
the
future.
After
all,
honesty
is
the
best
policy.
Second,
we
should
be
5.______(modesty)
and
plain.
If
we
are
proud
before
others,
we
will
not
gain
their
6.r______,
let
7._____
friendship.
Last
but
not
least,
we
must
be
8._____(self).
We
should
think
of
others
instead
of
only
ourselves.
Showing
concern
for
others
9._____(meaning)
showing
concern
for
ourselves.
As
long
as
we
act
in
the
way
mentioned
above,
we
will
find
it
10._____(ease)
to
get
along
well
with
others.
1.
contact
2.with
3.mean
4.from
5.modest
6.respect
7.
along
8.unselfish
9.means
10.easy
四．写作
1.应用文写作
“双减”政策实施后，学校和课堂成为学习的主阵地，我们不需要在放学后和周末去上辅导班了。你班举行征文比赛，要你谈谈你的理想学校。请根据以下提示，以“My
ideal
school”为题，写一篇80-90个字的短文。
我的理想学校：学习轻松，学校食堂环境好，班级规模不太大，有好的图书馆等。
My
ideal
school
As
is
known,
we
now
spend
almost
all
our
time
in
the
school.
So
everyone
of
us
hopes
to
have
his
or
her
ideal
school.
My
ideal
school
starts
at
8
a.
m.
and
finishes
at
four
p.
m.
We
do
not
need
to
get
up
early,
and
we
have
lots
of
time
for
after-school
activities.
I
hope
there
is
a
big
clean
dining
hall
in
my
ideal
school,
where
we
can
have
lunch
and
chat.
While
eating,
we
can
listen
to
music.
As
to
classes,
they
should
not
be
too
big.
We
can
choose
subjects
we
like
to
study.
To
make
our
school
life
rich
and
colorful,
we
should
have
a
big
library,
a
football
field,
and
a
swimming
pool.
Such
is
my
ideal
school!
We
will
always
have
fun
studying
in
it.
2.读后续写
读下面的三段文字，根据后两段的首句提示完成续写。要求：想象合理，结构完整，字数150左右。
I
have
two
very
smart
daughters.
My
oldest
is
7
and
she
is
one
of
the
best
students
in
her
second
grade
class
and
my
youngest,
who
is
2,
is
learning
new
things
every
day.
When
it
comes
to
their
cleverness,
I
believe
that’s
due
to
their
love
of
reading.
When
my
wife
and
I
first
became
parents,
we
were
told
by
a
number
of
people
that
the
best
thing
we
could
do
for
our
kids
was
to
encourage
them
to
read.
And,
we
stuck
with
that.
However,
with
things
like
television
and
video
games
out
there,
we
did
find
it
was
sometimes
hard
to
make
books
seem
more
interesting.
But,
we
did
succeed
with
both
of
them
by
doing
a
few
different
things.
One
of
the
first
things
we
did
was
reading
to
them.
My
youngest
daughter
can’t
read
books
herself
yet
and
is
read
to.
But,
I
also
take
the
time
to
read
to
my
oldest
daughter,
too.
Not
only
is
this
a
great
way
to
have
a
good
relationship
with
your
kids
and
make
them
like
you,
it
also
introduces
them
to
a
world
that
they
might
not
otherwise
realize.
One
thing
I
do
recommend
is
making
sure
you
plan
ahead
so
you
have
plenty
of
time
to
read
more
than
one
book
if
they
want
it.
This
allows
you
to
read
their
favorite
stories
while
mixing
in
something
new,
too.
1.
Another
thing
I
started
doing
with
my
oldest
daughter
is
having
her
read
to
her
younger
sister.__________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.
I
also
encourage
them
to
do
other
things
like
reading.
___________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
1.Another
thing
I
started
doing
with
my
oldest
daughter
is
having
her
read
to
her
younger
sister.
This
makes
her
practice
reading
aloud
something
she
learns
at
school
and
loves
to
read.
I’ve
noticed
that
my
2-year-old
seems
to
pay
closer
attention
to
the
stories
for
some
reason.
They
find
that
they
can
get
along
well
with
each
other.
In
fact,
they
can
be
left
alone
together
for
a
relatively
long
time
at
home
without
fighting.
2.
I
also
encourage
them
to
do
other
things
like
reading.
Sometimes
I
will
borrow
one
of
my
oldest
daughter’s
books
to
read
to
the
younger.
She’s
still
paying
attention
when
I
read
them.
Moreover,
I
let
them
be
friends
and
consider
their
similar
interests.
So,
in
addition
to
having
them
read
on
a
regular
basis,
I
let
them
involve
themselves
in
television,
video
games,
etc.
This
keeps
reading
a
bit
more
exciting
for
them
because
they
like
reading
the
books
that
they
want
to
rather
than
think
I’m
forcing
them
to.