人教版英语九年级全册 Unit 5 What are the shirts made of 讲义(知识梳理和练习)

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名称 人教版英语九年级全册 Unit 5 What are the shirts made of 讲义(知识梳理和练习)
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更新时间 2021-08-24 15:46:51

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初中英语重点知识点梳理.
9-5
重点短语
be
made
of由.....制成
be
good
for对......有好处
in
fact事实上;实际上
be
known
for以......闻名/为人知晓
by
hand手工;亲手
重点句型
1.What
are
these
things
usually
made
of?
这些东西通常是用什么制成的?
2.Well,as
far
as
I
know,tea
plants
are
grown
on
the
sides
of
mountains.
哦,据我所知,茶树是在山坡上种植的,
3.It
seems
that
many
people
all
over
the
world
drink
Chinese
tea
似乎世界各地的很多人都喝中国茶。
4.No
matter
what
you
may
buy,you
might
think
those
products
were
made
in
those
countries.
不管你会买什么,你可能认为那些产品是产自那些国家的。
China
is
famous
for
tea,
right?
中国已茶而著名,对吗?
要点精析
①主语是表示人的名词或代词时,表示“以某种技能、作品或特征而著名”。
例:
He
is
famous
for
his
novels.
他以他的小说而著名。
②主语为地点名词时,表示“以某种特产或特种而著名”。
例:Weifang
is
famous
for
kites.
潍坊以风筝而著名。
③主语为事物名词时,表示“以其内容、特征价值等而被人所知”。
例:What
is
your
hometown
famous
for?
你的家乡以什么而闻名?
知识拓展
①be
famous
as意为“作为......而出名”.
例:Mo
Yan
is
famous
as
a
writer.
莫言作为一名作家而闻名。
②be
famous
to意为“为......所熟知”.
例:The
old
man
is
famous
to
the
people
all
over
the
world.
这位老人为全世界的人所熟知。
Well,as
far
as
I
know,tea
plants
are
grown
on
he
sides
of
mountains.
哦,据我所知,茶树是在山上种植的。
要点精析1
as
far
as意为”据我所知”。
其中as
far
as作从属连调,为“就......的限度;到......程度”,引导状语从句,强调程度或范围,从句中常用动词know,see等。
例:He
isn't
coming
today,as
far
as
I
know.
据我所知,他今天不来了,
要点精析2
grow在这里是及物动词,意为“种植;栽培”,过去式是grew,过去分词是grown。
例:They
are
growing
rice.
他们正在种植水稻
知识拓展
grow作不及物动词,意为“生长;
成长”,grow
up意为“成长;
长大”.
例:I
want
to
be
a
doctor
when
I
grow
up.
我想长大后当一名医生,
小贴士
指种植花草时,用grow或plant均可;指种植树木时,一般用plant;指种植农作物时,一般用grow。
例:We
have
grown/planted
a
lot
of
flowers
this
summer.
这个夏天,我们栽培了许多花儿。
Many
families
own
plots
of
land
to
grow
food.
家庭都有自己的小块土地种植粮食。
要点精析3
on
the
sides
of
mountains意为“在山上,在山腰上".
例:There
are
many
flowers
on
the
sides
of
mountains.
山坡上有许多花儿。
When
the
leaves
are
ready,
they
are
picked
by
hand
and
then
are
sent
for
processing.
当叶子长好时,它们被手工采摘,然后被送去加工。
要点精析1
在when引导的时间状语从句中,
调语动词表示的动作可以是延续性的,
也可以是非连续性的,可与主句中谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,也可在其后发生。
例:I
was
just
reading
a
book
when
she
came
into
room.
她走进我房间时,我刚好正在看书。
要点精析2
leaf名词,意为”叶;叶子”,复数形式是leaves。
例:This
tree
has
green
leaves
throughout
the
year.
这棵树四季常青。
知识拓展
以-f/-fe结尾的可数名词变复数时,把-f或-fe变为-ve,再加s,
例:shelf-shelves架子
thief一thieves小偷
wolf-wolves狼
knife-knives刀
wife-wives妻子
self-selves自己
half一halves一半
life一lives生命
要点精析3
by
hand意为“手工:亲手”
例:All
these
toys
are
made
by
hand,
not
on
a
machine,
所有这些玩具都是手工制作的,不是机器制造的,
辨析by
hand,
in
hand,
at
hand与on
hand
by
hand
相当于副词的用法,
意为“用手工做,
由专人递送”
in
hand
相当于形容词或副词的用法,
意为“在手里/手边;
进行中;
掌握中”
at
hand
相当于形容词或副词的用法,
意为“即将来到的;
在手边”,
常与close,near连用
on
hand
意为“在手上,
在身上”
例:Her
sweater
is
knitted
by
hand.
她的毛衣是手工编织的,
The
police
had
the
riot
in
hand.
警察控制了暴动。
I
always
keep
a
dictionary
at
hand.
我经常把词典放在手边,
Do
you
have
any
money
on
hand?
你手头上有钱吗?
要点精析4
process动词,意为“加工;处理“。
例:Most
of
the
food
we
buy
is
processed
in
some
way.
我们买的大部分食品都用某种方法加工过。
知识拓展
process还可作可数名词,意为“过程”。
例:It
will
be
as
low
process.
这将是一个缓慢的过程。
5.
What
happens
next?
后来又发生了什么?
要点精析
happen意为“发生”,是不及物动词,主要有以下三种用法:
①"Sth.+happens/happened+地点/时间.”意为“某地/某时发生了某事”
例:The
accident
happened
on
the
road.事故是在这条公路上发生的,

Sth.+happens/happened
to+sb.意为“某人出了某事(常指不好的事情发
生在某人身上)“.
例:What
happened
to
him?他出什么事了?

Sb.+happens/happened+to
do
sth.意为“某人碰巧做某事”
例:He
happened
to
make
it
to
the
goal他恰巧实现了他的目标
小贴士
“It
happens/happened
that...”的句型中that从句中的主语是人时,此句型可以与“sb.+happens/happened+to
do
sth."句型互换。
例重It
happened
that
Peter
was
at
home
that
day.=Peter
happened
to
beat
home
that
day.
碰巧那天彼得在家。
辨析happen与take
place
两者都为不及物动词(短语),不可用于被动语态中。
happen
一般用来强调某事发生的偶然性
take
place
表示发生事先安排的或有准备的事情
例:I
don’t
know
how
this
happened.
我不知道这事怎么发生的,
If
something
happens
to
the
machine,please
let
me
know.
如果机器出了什么问题,请通知我,
The
sports
meeting
took
place
in
our
school
last
week.
上周我们学校举行了一场运动会。
The
film
festival
takes
place
in
October.
电影节将于十月举行。
Yes,people
say
that
tea
is
good
for
both
health
and
business!
是的,人们说茶对健康和生意都有好处!
要点精析1
be
good
for意为”对......有好处”。
例:Eating
more
vegetables
is
good
for
your
health.
多吃蔬蔬菜对你的健康有好处。
辨析be
good
for,
be
good
at与be
good
to
be
good
for
意为“对......有好处”,
后接名词、代词
be
good
at
“擅长......”,
后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式
be
good
to
“对.........友好”,
后接名词、代词
例:Exercise
is
good
for
your
health.
锻炼对你的健康有好处。
I’m
good
at
playing
chess.
我擅长下国际象棋,
My
friend
was
good
to
me
when
I
was
ill.
我生病时我的朋友对我关怀备至。
要点精析2
both...and...,意为“既.....又.....;和.....都”,连接两个井列的成分(可以是名词、形容词、代词等)
,其反义词组为neither...nor...意为“既不.....也不....“.
例:Both
he
and
I
are
from
Beijing.
我和他都来自北京。
Neither
he
nor
lam
from
Beijing.
我和他都不是来自北京,
小贴士
both...and...连接两个井列成分作主语时,请语动词用复数形式;
neither...nor...连接两个井列成分作主语时,请语动词应与nor后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
No
matter
what
you
may
buy,you
might
think
those
products
were
made
in
those
countries.
不管你会买什么,你可能认为那些产品是产自那些国家的。
要点精析
“no
matter+疑问词”或“疑问词-ever“表示“不管/无论......都......”,它们都可引导让步状语从句,可以互换。
例:No
matter
what
happened.he
would
not
mind.=
Whatever
happened,he
would
not
mind.
无论发生了什么,他都不会介意的。
辨析no
matter
what与whatever
no
matter
what
只能引导状语从句
whatever
既可引导状语从句,
又可引导名词性从句
知识拓展
“no
matter+疑问词”与“疑问词-ever”同义
例:no
matter
what=whatever无论什么
no
matter
who=whoever无论谁
no
matter
when=whenever无论何时
no
matter
where=wherever无论在哪里
no
matter
how=however无论怎样
要点精析2
product名词,可指“(人工的)
产品、制成品”;也可指“(自然的)
产物”.
例:The
country's
main
product
is
gold.
这个国家的主要物产是黄金。
He
realized
that
Americans
can
hardly
avoid
buying
products
made
in
China.
他意识到美国人几乎不能避免买到中国产品。
要点精析1
hardly副词,意为”几乎不”,相当于almost
not。
例:Helen
was
so
excited
at
the
news
that
she
could
hardly
say
a
word.
海伦对于这个消息如此激动,她几乎说不出一句话。
知识拓展
hardly表达否定意义,构成否定句,变反意疑问句时后面要用肯定形式。
例:She
can
hardly
write
her
own
name,can
she?
她几乎不能写她自己的名字,是吗?
小贴士
hardly不是hard的副词形式,hardly是一个独立的单词。
例:He
worked
very
hard
and
he
hardly
took
a
day
off.
他工作非常努力,几乎没有休过一天班.
要点精析2
avoid动词,意为“避兔”,后跟名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语。
例:To
avoid
the
city
center,
turn
right
here
please
如果要开市中心,请从这里右转。
Why
do
you
avoid
answering
my
questions?
你为什么逃避回答我的问题?
went
on
a
vacation
to
Weifang.
去潍坊度假。
要点精析
vacation名词,意为“假期,休假”,同义词为holiday.
take
a
vacation度假,休假;on
vacation在休假中,在度假,
例:We
are
on
vacation.
我们正在度假。
Let
me
show
you
the
photographs
from
my
vacation.
让我给你看一看我假期里拍的照片。
辨析vacation与holiday
vacation
在英国,指大学的寒假或法定不工作的日子;在美国,可指任何假日(期)
holiday
”假日,休息日”,主要指按风俗习惯或法律规定的纪念日及休息日,其复数形式可表示延续一段时间的”假期”,美式英语中则习惯用单数形式
例:We
spent
our
summer
holidays/vacation
in
the
countryside
this
year.
今年我们在乡村度过了假。
Tom
and
I
are
going
to
have
a
holiday.
我和汤姆准备去度假。
小贴士
在表示每年例行的休假时,如新年、圣诞节等,英国用holiday,美国用vacation;在不明确的情况两者一般可以互换使用。
The
competitors
at
the
festival
are
from
all
over
the
world.
风筝节上的参赛者来自世界各地。
要点精折1
competitor可数名词,意为“参赛者;竞争者”,是由动词compete(竞争;
比赛)去e加-it
or构成的名词,表示动作的执行者。
例:That
company
is
a
strong
competitor
for
us.
对于我们来说,那家公司是强有力的竟争者。
知识拓展
competition可数名词,意为“比赛;
竞争”,
例:Who
won
the
competition?谁赢了这次比赛?
要点精析2
be
from意为“来自",
其中be是连系动词,有人称和数的变化.
同义短语为come
from.
例:They
are
from
England.=They
come
from
England.
他们来自英格兰。
The
most
common
things,from
paper
to
clay
to
bamboo,are
turned
into
objects
of
beauty.
从纸到粘土再到竹子,这些最普通的东西被转变成精美的物品。
要点精析
turn...into...意为“把......变成......“.
例:Water
can
be
turned
into
ice.
水可以变成冰,
知识拓屑
含有turn的常见短语:
①by
turns“轮流;
交替”;in
turn”“依次”,
例:We
did
the
work
by
turns.
我们轮流做这项工作,
We
will
cross
the
bridge
in
turn.
我们将依次过桥,
②turn
down“关小(收音机等的音量)
”,
turn
up“开大(收音机等的音量)

是一对反义词组;
turn
in“上交”.
例:The
TV
is
pretty
loud.Can
you
turn
It
down
a
little?
电视机声音太大了,你能关小一点儿吗?
I
can't
hear
the
radio
very
well
Could
you
turn
it
up
a
bit?
我听不太清收音机,你能把它开大一点儿吗?
Turn
in
your
homework,please.
请把家庭作业交上来
③turnoff关掉(收音机、电灯、水龙头等)

例:Turnoff
the
light
before
you
go
out.
你出去时要关灯。
He
sent
them
out
to
ask
for
help
when
in
trouble.
当陷入困境时他把它们发送出去寻求帮助。
要点精析1
send
out意为“发送;放出;发出(光亮等)
;派遣",
例:The
ship
sent
out
a
message
for
help.
这船发报求援。
The
sun
sends
out
light
and
heat.
太阳发出光和热。
Then
they
sent
out
five
medical
teams.
后来他们派出了五个医疗队,
小贴士
send
out是由“动词+副词”构成的动词短语,代词作宾语时,代词要放在动词与副词之间。
例:Make
sure
you
send
it
out
in
time.
你务必把它及时发送出去.
要点精析2
in
trouble意为“处于困境中,处于麻烦中;处于困扰中”,表示状态,get
into
trouble意为“陷入困境”,表示动作。
例:They
did
their
best
to
help
the
people
in
trouble.
他们尽最大努力帮助在困难中的人们。
He
always
offers
his
help
when
I
am
in
trouble.
每当我陷入困境时,他总伸出援助之手,
知识拓属
trouble的用法:
①作名词,意为“麻烦;烦扰;困难”
例:I
don't
want
to
be
any
trouble
to
you.
我不想打找你。
Repairing
this
computer
is
more
trouble
than
it's
worth.
这台电脑修起来挺麻烦,不值得修。
②作动词,意为“麻烦;打扰”
例:May
I
trouble
you
to
give
me
a
hand?
劳驾你帮我一下好吗?
Don't
trouble
trouble
until
trouble
troubles
you!
不要庸人自扰!
They
are
made
of
bamboo
and
covered
with
paper.
它们由竹子制成井用纸覆盖.
要点精析
be
covered
with意为“被......覆盖;用......盖着”.
例:The
mountain
was
covered
with
snow
all
the
year
round.
这座山一年到头都被雪覆盖着。
It
must
have
rained
last
night,for
the
ground
is
covered
with
water.
昨晚一定下过雨,因为地上到处都是水。
The
table
is
covered
with
a
tablecloth.
这张桌子盖着一张桌布,
When
the
lanterns
are
lit,they
slowly
rise
into
the
air
like
small
hot-air
balloons
for
all
to
see.
当灯笼被点燃时,它们会慢慢升到室中,就像大家看到的小型热气球。
婴点精析1
此处的lit是light的过去分词形式,
light作及物动词,
意为“点燃”,
其过去式和过去分词均为lit。
例:He
stopped
to
light
a
cigarette.
他停下来点了一支烟,
要点精析2
slowly副词,意为“慢地;缓慢地”,在句中作状语,修饰动词。
例:She
opened
the
door
slowly.
她慢慢地打开了门.
The
sky
slow
y
changed
from
blue
into
red.
天空慢慢地由蓝色变成了红色。
要点精析3
arise动词,意为“上升;升起;上涨;升高;增加”.
例:The
sun
has
not
yet
risen.
太阳还没升起来。
辨析rise,
lift与raise
rise
不及物动词,意为“升起,
上升”,侧重由低到高的变化过程,也可指物价“上涨”;其过去式、过去分词分别是rose和risen,现在分词是rising
lift
指用体力或机械力把某物从地面举到一定的高度,一般可与raise换用
raise
及物动词,意为“升起,举起”,在表示“举起”时,可以和lift互换使用,还可以表示晋升职位、提高工资等,其过去式和过去分词都是raised,
现在分词是raising
例:Prices
continue
to
rise.
物价继续上涨。
The
box
is
too
heavy
for
me
to
lift.
这个箱子太重了,我举不起来。
He
was
raised
to
an
important
position.
他被提拔到一个重要的职位。
Parents
and
students
were
invited
to
the
school
concert
last
night.
昨天晚上,父母和同学们被避请参加学校音乐会。
要点精析
invite动词,意为“邀请”。名词形式为invitation,
例:I
invite
you
to
dance.
我邀请你去跳舞。
Thanks
for
your
invitation.
谢谢你的逃请。
知识拓展
①invite
sb.
to
a
place邀请某人到某地
例:Don’t
invite
strangers
to
your
house.
不要邀请陌生人到你的家里。
②invite
sb.
to
do
sth.邀请某人做某事
例:He
invites
me
to
have
dinner
with
him.
他邀请我与他共进晚餐。
I
invite
you
to
dance.
我邀请你去跳舞。
Thanks
for
your
invitation.
谢谢你的邀请。
即学即试
一、单项填空
1
The
farmer_________wheat
in
this
field.
A.plant
B.grow
C.plants
D.grows
2.Girl
students
in
some
schools
are
not
allowed_________long
hair.
A.having
B.have
C.had
D.to
have
3.-Did
you
go
to
the
cinema
last
night?
-Oh,
no.
I
________
go
to
the
cinema.
The
tickets,you
know,
are
too
expensive.
A.always
B.hardly
C.usually
D.often
4.________that
they
haven't
known
the
news.
A.It
seems
B.It
seemed
C.They
seem
D.They
seemed
5.This
pair
of
shoes________hand,and
it________very
comfortable.
A.is
made
with;
is
felt
B.are
made
from;
is
felt
C.are
made
of;
feels
D.is
made
by;
feels
参考答案与解析
Section
A
即学即试
I
1.D句意:那个农民在这块田地里种小麦。表示“种植小麦”用grow,
主语the
farmer为第三人称单数,
grow应在词尾加-s,
故选D
2.D句意:一些学校的女学生不允许留长发,
“允许某人做某事”用allow
sb.to
dos
th.表示,故选D.
3.B由答语后一句“你知道,(电影)票太贵了”可以推知“我几乎不看电影”,表示“几乎不”用hardly,
故选B.
4.A
It
seems
tha..“看起来好像......”,
为固定句式,
故选A
5.D句意:这双鞋是手工制作的,
它感觉很舒服,
表示“由手工制作”用be
made
by
hand;
pair作主语时,
谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,
故选D.