2020-2021学年人教版（2019）选择性必修二：Unit 1 Science and Scientists 全单元课件（193张ppt）

(共193张PPT)
Unit1
Science
and
Scientists
选择性必修2
Words
and
Expressions
Page
108
1.
cholera
n.
霍乱
/U/
have/deveplop
cholera
患霍乱
2.
severe
a.
极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的
severely
adv.严重地;
严厉地;
严格地
a
severe
punishment/sentence/expression
重罚/重判/严厉的表情
severity
n.
/U/
the
severity
of
the
problem
问题的严重性
3.
diarrhea
/diarrhea
[?da??'r??]
n.腹泻
(the
runs
腹泻)
have/get
diarrhoea/the
runs
腹泻;
拉肚子
4.
dehydration
n.
脱水
dehydrate
vt.
使脱水，使干燥;vi.（人体的）脱水，失水
die
from
severe
dehydration
死于严重脱水
5.
frustrated
a.
懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的
frustrating
adj.
使人沮丧的，令人泄气的
frustrate
vt.
使懊恼;使沮丧
frustration
n.懊恼;沮丧
1
6.
once
and
for
all
最终地;彻底地
It
is
time
we
dealt
with
the
issue
once
and
for
all.
completely
adv.
完全地;
彻底地
entirely
adv.
全部地;
完整地;
完全地
7.
contradictory
a.
相互矛盾的;对立的;不一致的
contradictorily
adv.
反驳地;
矛盾地
contradict
vt.
反驳；相矛盾；驳斥；相抵触
contradiction
(between
A
and
B)
n.
矛盾，不一致
8.
infection
n.
感染;传染
9.
infect
vt.
使感染;传染
infect
sb/sth
with
sth
传染某人...；使某人感染...;用…影响某人　
be
infected
with/by...
感染....,
沾染上...
get
infected
受感染
be
infected
with...
感染....,
沾染上...
infector
n.
传播者，传染者
infected
adj.
被感染/影响的
2
1.
____________(霍乱
)
used
to
be
one
of
the
most
_________
(fear)
diseases
in
the
world,
until
a
British
doctor,
John
Snow,
showed
how
it
could
______________(overcome)
.
2.
The
man
________________(infect)
______
cholera.
3.
He
discovered
that
in
two
particular
streets
the
cholera
outbreak
was
so
_________
(severe)
_______
more
than
500
people
died
in
ten
days.
4.
______
general,
doctors
in
those
days
had
two
_____________
(contradict)
theories
_____________
(explain)
how
cholera
spread.
5.
Your
actions
______________(contradictory)
your
words.
6.
Runners
can
______________(dehydration)very
quickly
in
this
heat.
7.
His
illness
causes
severe
_____________
(腹泻),
______________(脱水),
________
even
death.
8.
As
a
young
doctor,
John
Snow
became
______________
(frustrate)
because
no
one
knew
how
______________(prevent)
cholera.
1
Cholera
feared
be
overcome
has
been
infected
with
severe
that
In
contradictory
to
explain
contradict
dehydrate
diarrhoea
dehydration
and
frustrated
to
prevent
10.
germ
n.
微生物;细菌;病菌;
(pl.
germs)
Disinfectant
kills
germs.消毒剂可杀菌。
11.
subscribe
v.
认购(股份);定期订购;定期交纳(会费)
subscriber
n.
用户，订户;
定期捐款者;
签署者
subscribe
for...
认购(股份)
subscribe
to
sth
定期订购;
定期缴纳;
定期捐款;
赞助
12.
subscribe
to
sth
同意...;赞同...
subscribe
to
the
resolution
赞同这项决议
13.
proof
n.
证据;证明;检验
need
proof
需要证明
14.multiple
a.
数量多的;多种多样的
multiple
injuries
多处受伤
multiply
vt.&
vi.
乘;
（使）相乘;
（使）增加;
（使）繁殖;
3
15.
pump
n.
泵;抽水机;打气筒;
帆布鞋
(pl.
pumps)
16.
water
pump
水泵
17.household
n.家人;家庭;同住一所(套)房子的人
(pl.
households)
adj.[用于n.前]
household
bills/chores/goods
家庭账单/杂务/用品
18.
suspect
vt.＆vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任
n.
犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象
suspect
sb
of
sth/of
doing
sth
怀疑某人有......罪
19.
blame
v.
把…归咎于;责怪;指责
n.
责备;指责
blame
sb
for…
因…责备…
be
to
blame
for.....
(不好的事)
对…负责任
only
have
oneself
to
blame
只能怪自己;
是自己的错
pin
the
blame
on...向...甩锅
take/get
the
blame
for...
为...背锅
lay/put
the
blame
for
sth
on
sb
把某事归咎于某人
4
pump
pump
1.
Another
was
that
cholera
was
caused
by
an
___________
(infect)
from
___________(germ)
in
food
or
water.
2.
The
drug
___________(suspect)
__________
causing
over
200
deaths.
3.
John
Snow
suspected
__________
the
water
pump
was
to
blame.
4.
She
doesn’t
blame
anyone
_______
her
father’s
death.
5.
The
US
president
put
the
blame
______
China.
6.
He
was
unwilling
____________(subscribe)
______
the
agreement.
7.
There
were
____________(multiply)
deaths
near
the
water
pump
in
Broad
Street
documents
at
the
library.
However,
some
____________(household)
(such
as
20
and
21
Broad
Street,
and
8
and
9
Cambridge
Street)
had
had
no
deaths.
2
infection
germs
is
suspected
of
that
for
on
to
subscribe
to
multiple
households
20.
handle
n.把手;拉手;柄
vt.
处理;搬动;操纵(车辆/动物/工具等)
handle
the
crisis
处理危机
the
handle
of
the
pump
泵的手柄
21.
intervention
n.
介入;出面;干涉
intervention
in
sth
出面；介入
intervene
in
sth
intervene
vi.
出面；介入;
阻碍；干扰;
插嘴;
介于…之间
22.
link
n.
联系;纽带
vt.
把……连接起来;相关联
a
link
between
the
two
murders
两桩凶杀案有关联
link...
to/with/and
...
把...连接/联系起来
23.
raw
a
未煮的;生的;未经处理的;原始的
raw
material
原材料
get
a
raw
deal
受到不公正的对待;
得到不公平的待遇
24.
pure
a.
干净的;纯的;纯粹的
a
bottle
of
pure
water
一瓶纯净水
pure
and
simple
纯粹地
purely
adv.
完全地;纯粹地;
纯洁地
5
25.
substantial
a.
大量的;价值巨大的;重大的
substantially
adv.本质上;实质上;
大体上;
充分地;
相当多地;
substance
n.
物质;材料
substantial
sums
of
money大笔的钱
26.
decrease
n.
减少;降低;减少量(by表增减的幅度to表增减到)
vt.＆vi.(使大小、数量等)
减少;减小;降低
reduce
v.
减少
fall
v.
减少;下降;
减小
drop
v.
降低;
减少
increase
v.
增加
rise
v.
上升;
增长
27.thanks
to
幸亏;由于
(状)
owing
to...
由于;
因为(状)
due
to…
由于;
因为(表、状)
as
a
result
of...
由于;
因为(状)
because
of
...
因为(状)
because/since/as/for
+
陈述句
由于;
因为
28.statistic
n.
[pl.
statistics
]统计数字;统计资料;统计学
6
3
1.
The
President
_______________(intervention)
personally
____
the
crisis
last
year.
2.
Moreover,
John
Snow
was
later
able
to
show
______link
__________other
cases
of
cholera
and
the
different
water
companies
in
London.
3.
The
country
has
to
import
most
of
_____
raw
___________(material)
.
4.
Through
John
Snow’s
__________(tire)
efforts,
water
companies
began
to
sell
clean
water
and
the
threat
of
cholera
around
the
world
saw
a
_______________(substantially)
decrease.
5.
They
are
making
every
effort
______________
(
decrease)
the
production
cost
______
20%.
6.
Fortunately,
we
now
know
how
to
prevent
cholera,
_________
(由于)
the
work
of
John
Snow.
7.
Recent
_____________
(statistic)
suggest
30％
or
more
of
college
students
cheat
in
________
exams.
intervened
in
a
between
its
materials
tireless
substantial
to
decrease
by
thanks
to
statistics
their
29.transform
vt.
使改观;使改变形态
vi.
改变;转变
transform/change
…into…
把...变成...
transform
sth/sb
from
sth
into
sth
把...从...变成...
transformation
n.
变化;
<核>转换;
<语>转换;
<电>变换;
30.
epidemiology
n.
流行病学
epidemic
adj.流行性的,传染的
epidemiologist
n.流行病学家
31.microscope
n.
显微镜
under
a
microscope
在显微镜下
look
through
a
microscope
at
plant
cells通过显微镜观察植物细胞
32.thinking
n.
思想;思维;见解
do
some
quick
thinking
迅速思考
thought
n.
想法;
看法;
主意;
记忆
think
v.
认为;
思考;
7
33.protein
n.
蛋白质
Rice
contains
protein
and
fat.大米中含有蛋白质和脂肪。
34.cell
n.
细胞;小房间;单间牢房
(pl.
cells)
blood
cells
血细胞
35.virus
n.
病毒
(pl.
viruses)
the
flu
virus
流感病毒
a
virus
infection
病毒感染
36.finding
n.
发现;调查结果;(法律)判決
(pl.
findings)
the
findings
of
the
commission
委员会的调查结果
37.initial
a.
最初的;开始的;
(用于名词前)第一的
initials
n.（全名的）首字母
Just
write
your
initials.写下你的姓名首字母即可。
my
initial
reaction
我最初的反应
initially
adv.
开始;
最初
8
telescope
microscope
microscope
1.
Moreover,
in
his
use
of
_________(map)
and
___________
(statistic),John
Snow
_______________(transform)
the
way
____________________scientists
study
diseases.
2.
_________________(transform)
hills
into
fields
is
an
extremely
tough
job.
3.
I
believe
she
will
transform
the
child
_______
a
speaker.
4.
Fish
is
_______
rich
source
of
_________
(protein)
.
5.
The
virus
is
not
____________(pass)
on
through
touching
or
shaking
hands.
6.
What
was
the
_________(find)
that
John
Snow
announced?
7.
Even
if
that’s
the
case,
though,
the
above
___________(find)
are
still
_________(strike)
.
8.
__________________(我最初的反应)
was
to
refuse
his
offer.
4
maps
statistics
transformed
that/in
which/×
To
transform
into
a
protein
passed
finding
findings
striking
My
initial
reaction
9
38.vaccine
n.疫苗
(pl.
vaccines)
take
a
vaccine
(against...)
接种疫苗
taken
a
vaccine
against
Covid-19
接种抗冠状病毒的疫苗
39.
framework
n.框架;结构
(pl.
frameworks)
40.
theoretical
framework
理论框架
a
good
theoretical
framework
一个良好的理论框架
41.
solid
a.
可靠的;固体的;坚实的
n.
固体
solidly
adv.
坚固地;
牢靠地;
团结一致地
all
solid
food
所有的固体食物
have
no
solid
evidence
没有确凿的证据
42.cast
vt.(
cast
cast)
投射;投以(视线、笑容等);投掷
cast
a
welcoming
smile
微笑以示欢迎
43.shadow
n.
阴影;影子;背光处
(pl.
shadows)
cast
a
shadow
on...
在某处投下/留下影子;
给...蒙上阴影
10
44.rainbow
n.
彩虹
(pl.
rainbows)
cast
a
rainbow
照出一道彩虹
45.pour
vt.
倒出;倾泻;斟(饮料)
pour
sth
out
倒/斟饮料
pour
sb
sth
=
pour
sth
for
sb
给某人倒......
pour
a
cup
of
tea
for
you
给你倒杯茶
pour
down
倾盆而下;
下大雨
46.concrete
n.
混凝士
a.
混凝土制的;确实的;具体的
concrete
evidence/proposals
确凿的证据/具体的建议
a
concrete
floor
混凝土地面
concretely
adv.具体地
47.plasma
n.
血浆
The
blood
is
made
up
of
blood
cells
and
plasma.
5
The
report
provides
a
framework
for
further
research.
The
theory
provides
a
good
theoretical
framework
for
China’s
foreign
language
teaching.
The
man
has
always
lived
in
the
shadow
of
her
wife.
2)As
the
sun
went
down,
we
cast
long
shadows
on
the
sportsground.
3)I
thought
I
saw
a
person
standing
in
the
shadows.
4)He
didn’t
want
to
cast
a
shadow
on
their
happiness.
Soon
the
rain
stopped,
the
sun
came
out,
and
a
rainbow
appeared
in
the
sky.
A
non-Newtonian
fluid
is
strange
because
you
can
pour
it
like
a
liquid,
but
if
you
put
any
pressure
on
it,
it
suddenly
becomes
hard
as
concrete.
48.
aerospace
n.
航空航天工业
(pl.
aerospaces)
aero-
空气的;
空中的;
飞行器的
aeroplane/airplane/plane
n.飞机
an
aerospace
engineer
航空航天工程师
49.
patriotic
a.
爱国的
patriotic
songs
爱国歌曲
a
patriotic
overseas
Chinese
爱国的海外华人
patriotically
adv.爱国地；忧国地
50.
mechanical
a.
机械的;发动机的;机器的
a
mechanical
problem
一个机械问题
mechanically
adv.
机械方面地;
机械地;
物理上地;
呆板地
51.
mechanic
n.
机械师;机械修理工
(pl.
mechanics)
a
car
mechanic一个
汽车修理工
52.
break
out
(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始;爆发
11
53.
aviation
n.
航空制造业;航空;飞行
/U/
civil/military
aviation
民用
/
军用航空
aviate
vi.
驾驶飞机，乘坐飞机;
vt.
驾驶（飞机）;
aviator
n.
飞机驾驶员，飞行员=pilot
54.
defend
vt.
保卫;防守;辩解
defend
sb/yourself/sth
from/against
sb/sth
防御；保护；保卫
defence/defense
n.
防御;
国防
55.
jet
n.
喷气式飞机
(pl.
jets)
a
jet
aircraft/fighter/airliner
喷气式飞机
/
战斗机
/
客机
56.
assistant
n.
助理;助手
(pl.
assistants
)
a
senior
research
assistant
高级研究助理
a
sales/shop
assistant
in
a
department
store一名百货公司售货员
57.
in
charge
of...
(某人)
主管...;掌管...
be
in
the
charge
of…(某物)
由…主管;
掌管
take
charge
of…主管...;
掌管...
12
1.
______________(patriotic)
,
he
buys
only
U.S.-made
products.
2.
______________(describe)
as
a
man
with
“great
scientific
____________(think)
and
scientific
spirit”
who
was
__________
(patriotic)
and
___________(serve)
his
homeland
with
effort,
achievement,
and
devotion,
Qian
was
an
extremely
well-respected
man.
3.
He
nodded
______________(
mechanic)
,
his
eyes
________(fix)
on
the
girl.
4.
The
train
stopped
due
to
a
______________(
mechanic)
problem.
5.
He
worked
as
a
motor
_____________(
mechanic).
6.
However,
after
the
Songhu
Battle
broke
_______
in
1932,
Qian
made
the
decision
to
switch
his
major
to
___________(aviate)
because
he
realised
that
China
needed
its
own
powerful
air
force
to
protect
and
defend
the
country.
7.
The
young
doctor
is
______________(掌管)
the
hospital.
8.
The
hospital
is
______________(掌管)the
young
doctor.
6
Patriotically
Described
thought
patriotic
served
mechanically
fixed
mechanical
mechanic
out
aviation
in
charge
of
in
the
charge
of
58.
missile
n.
导弹
(pl.
missiles)
nuclear
missiles
核导弹
a
missile
base/site
导弹基地
/
发射场
59.
leadership
n.
领导;领导地位;领导才能
lead
vt.
领导;
带领
leader
n.
领袖;
领导;
首领
under
the
leadership
of...
=
under
one's
leadership
在...的领导下
60.
trace
vt.
追溯;追踪;查出
n.
痕迹;遗迹;踪迹
trace
sth
(back)
to...
追溯什么到...
date
back
to/from...
始于;
追溯到
go
back
to...
追溯到
61.
outstanding
a.
优秀的;杰出的;明显的
excellent
adj.
优秀的;
很好的;
好极了
striking
adj.
显著的;
引人注目的
13
62.
gifted
a.
有天赋的;有天才的;天资聪慧的
gift
n.
礼物;
天赋
have
a
gift
for…
对…有天赋
be
gifted
in......
在...方面有天赋
be
gifted
with......
具有(令人愉快的东西)
be
gifted
with
a
charming
smile
有一副迷人的微笑
63.
come
down
患(病);染上(小病)
come
down
with...
染上...病;患上...病
come
down
with
a
heavy
cold患上重感冒
64.
abstract
a.
抽象的;理性的
n.
(文献等的)摘要
abstract
knowledge/principles
理论知识；抽象原理
abstractly
adv.抽象地，理论上地
65.
steady
a.
稳定的;平稳的;稳步的
steadily
adv.
稳定地;
持续地;
稳固地;
a
steady
job/income
稳定的工作/收入
Ready,
steady,
go!
=
Ready,
set,
go
!
(赛跑口令)各就各位,预备,跑!
14
Dongfeng
missiles
Dongfeng
missiles
1.
The
guidance
systems
didn’t
work
______
the
missile
couldn’t
hit
_______
target.
2.
________
Qian’s
leadership,
China
developed
the
Dongfeng
___________(missile)
,
___________(follow)
by
the
first
generation
of
Long
March
rockets.
3.
Many
countries
praised
his
___________(lead)
during
the
crisis.
4.
I
could
_________(trace)
my
family
tree
back
____
______
17th
century.
5.
The
police
have
found
some
_________(trace)
of
the
robbers.
6.
He
__________(gift)
______
a
charming
smile.
7.
Stephen
Hawking
was
one
of
the
most
famous
and
_________(gift)
scientists
_____
physics.
7
and
its
Under
missiles
followed
leadership
trace
to
the
traces
was
gifted
with
gifted
in
66.
concept
n.
概念;观念
(pl.
concepts)
grasp
the
basic
concepts
of
mathematics掌握数学的基本概念
67.
astronomer
n.
天文学家
(pl.
astronomers)
68.
astronomy
n.
天文学
69.
telescope
n.
望远镜
look
at
the
stars
through
a
telescope
通过望远镜观察恒星
binoculars
n.
双筒望远镜
microscope
n.
显微镜
70.
besides
prep.除……之外(还)
adv.
而且;此外
beside
prep.
在…旁/附近
71.
brilliant
a.
聪颖的;绝妙的;明亮的
brilliance
n.才华;
光亮，光辉
brilliantly
adv.灿烂地;出色地;
72.
furthermore
ad.
此外;再者
=moreover
=
what
is
more
=
besides=
in
addition
15
16
73.
above
all
最重要的是;尤其是
all
in
all
总而言之
after
all毕竟
in
all/total总共
first
of
all
首先
last
of
all
最后
not
at
all
一点也不
74.
fault
n.
弱点;过错
(pl.
faults)
find
fault
with...
找...岔子;
挑剔....
It
is
one’s
fault
that...
...是某人的过错/责任
It
is
one’s
fault
for
doing
sth
...是某人的过错
75.
shift
n.
改变;转换;轮班
vi.＆vt.转移;挪动;转向
be
on
the
day/night
shift
(at...)
(在某单位)上白班/夜班
76.
vivid
a.
生动的;鲜明的;丰富的
vividly
adv.
生动地
vividness
n.（色彩、光线等）鲜艳;
活泼;
生动;
逼真
the
vividness
of
my
dream
我的梦境的清晰逼真
17
77.
Queen
Victoria
维多利亚女王(英国女王)
78.
Cambridge
剑桥(英国城市)
79.
non-Newtonian
fluid
非牛顿流体
80.
the
Jet
Propulsion
Laboratory
喷气推进实验室(美国)
81.
Stephen
Hawking
史蒂芬?霍金(英国物理学家)
82.
the
big
bang
theory
大爆炸宇宙论
83.
Fred
Hoyle
弗雷德?霍伊尔(英国天文学家)
1.
Mathematics
is
connected
with
_____________(astronomy).
2.
Hawking's
own
work
on
the
big
bang
theory
was
soon
proven
by
_____________(astronomy)
________
telescopes.
3.
Besides
____________(work)
as
a
doctor,
he
also
writes
novels
_______
his
spare
time.
4.
Besides
________(be)
brilliant,
he
was
brave,
though
sometimes
___________(care)
in
what
he
said
or
did.
5.
Above
all,
Hawking
was
willing
to
admit
his
_______(fault).
6.
It
was
his
fault
_______
we
were
late
______
the
conference.
7.
Attitudes
to
the
poor
people
____________(shift)
in
recent
years.
8.
They
are
taking
turns
to
be
_______________(上夜班)
.
8
astronomy
astronomers
with
working
in
being
careless
faults
that
for
have
shifted
on
the
night
shift
P4
1.Find
the
words
from
the
previous
pages
with
the
following
prefixes
or
suffixes.
Then
add
two
words
for
each
prefix
or
suffix.
retell
disappoint
Microsoft
transform
misunderstand
Unlike
multiple
recycle
dislike
microphone
transport
Misleading
unhappy
multinational
theory
action
beneficial
biology
natural
actor
biologist
contradictory
invention
official
geology
actual
inventor
scientist
1.
Many
scientists
____________________the
view
that
it
is
human
activity
that
has
caused
global
warming.
2.He
was
to____________________
the
accident
because
he
drove
on
the
wrong
side
of
the
road.
3
The
man
____________________being
behind
the
robbery
was
seen
crossing
the
street.
4
Since
heart
disease
is
often________________
our
lifestyle
choices,
we
need
to
make
healthy
living
an
important
part
of
our
lives.
Subscribe
to
suspect
sb
of
sth
blame…
for
sth
link
sth
to
sth
subscribe
to
blame
for
suspected
of
linked
to
P4
2.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
following
phrases.
3.
Replace
the
underlined
parts
with
suitable
words
from
the
box.
1.
It
is
not
unusual
for
an
athlete
to
be
well
known
while
he
is
active,
and
quickly
forgotten
when
his
athletic
career
is
over.
2.
I'm
sure
she'll
deal
with
the
changes
very
well
because
she's
very
adaptable.
3.
He
was
ready
to
serve
dinner
to
his
friends
when
he
realized
that
he
had
forgotten
to
turn
on
the
oven
and
the
meat
was
not
cooked
yet.
4.
He
used
his
great
influence
to
change
the
thinking
of
the
scientific
community
on
this
issue.
5.
Scientists
have
collected
more
data
than
expected
to
prove
the
theory.
raw
a
household
name
substantial
statistics
handle
raw
statistics
substantial
handle
a
household
name
家喻户晓的人物
4.
Read
this
passage
about
medical
science.
Complete
it
using
the
words
below.
infection
multiple
decrease
severe
transform
proof
blame
substantial
British
scientists
believe
they
may
have
found
a
way
to
fight
the
common
cold.
It
blocks
a
key
protein
in
the
body
cells
that
is
to
________________
for
the
spread
of
cold-causing
virus.
Targeting
he
host
rather
than
_________________was
a
bit
non-traditional
but
made
sense
because
it
was
tricky
to
target
the
virus.
Cold-causing
virus
are
not
only
of
____________________kinds,
they
also
_______________
rapidly,
meaning
they
can
quickly
develop
resistance
to
medicine.
Researchers
are
working
on
making
a
form
of
medicine
that
can
be
taken
directly
into
one’s
lungs,
to____________
the
chance
of
side
effects.
Though
these
scientists
have
made
____________________
advances
in
their
research,
further______________
is
needed
to
make
sure
such
drugs
are
not
so______________
that
they
harm
the
body.
Made.
blame
infection
multiple
transform
decrease
substantial
proof
severe
P10
1.
Complete
the
passage
with
the
correct
forms
of
the
words
below.
The
scientist’s
main
task
is
to
discover
how
things
work
in
the
universe.
But
few
scientists
have
placed
themselves
under
the
__________.
So
even
though
the
__________
scientific
method,
which
mainly
includes
hypotheses,
data
collection,
and
statistical
analysis,
is
written
down,
the
method
by
which
scientists
come
to
___________
conclusions
is
hard
to
identify.
Two
of
the
essential
qualities
a
scientist
needs
to
have
seem
to
be
curiosity
and
creativity.
People
who
are
curious
usually
have
a
mixture
of
seemingly
_____________
desires:
brilliant,
solid,
microscope,
finding,
contradictory,
gift,
astronomer,
theory
microscope
brilliant
solid
contradictory
They
are
looking
for
originality
and
yet
they
also
want
everything
in
its
proper
place.
To
settle
the
conflict
between
statistics
and
___________,
scientists
often
have
to
be
creative,
and
think
outside
the
box—approach
the
problem
from
different
directions.
They
must
have
a
vivid
imagination
and
a
strong
intuition
in
order
for
new
__________
to
be
made.
It
echoes
something
the
__________
Carl
Sagan
once
said.
He
believes
that
every
child
“starts
out
as
a
scientist”
and
every
child
is
___________
with
the
“sense
of
wonder
and
awe”.
findings
brilliant,
solid,
microscope,
finding,
contradictory,
gift,
astronomer,
theory
theories
astronomer
gifted
Science
is
simply
________
you
can
do.
And
doing
science
makes
you
a
scientist!
So,
what
do
scientists
do?
Actually,
what
matters
is
not
only
_______
they
observe
in
the
world
around
them
and
what
questions
they
ask,
but
also
________
they
use
evidence
or
data
to
answer
the
questions.
They
identify
useful
data
and
take
new
measurements.
P10
2.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
a
word
or
expression
that
introduces
a
predicative
clause.
what
what
how
Some
of
the
key
issues
that
scientists
face
are
________
calculations
they
do
and
_____
they
analyse
their
data
to
draw
conclusions
about
the
questions
they
ask.
The
final
issue,
which
many
believe
to
be
the
most
important,
is
______
they
need
to
communicate
their
results.
This
is
___________
they
want
everyone
to
benefit
from
their
work!
It
seems
_______
science
is
all
around
us.
You
see,
by
doing
science,
scientists
get
a
better
understanding
of
the
world
around
them
and
share
that
understanding
with
the
whole
world.
what
that
how
as
if
because
严重的
沮丧的
矛盾的
订阅
多重的
证据
助手
爱国的
杰出的
领导
Severe
Frustrated
Contradictory
Subscribe
Multiple
Proof
Assitant
Patriotic
Outstanding
leadership
Proof
Suspect
Blame
Handle
Intervention
Initial
Solid
Pour
Shallow
concrete
证据n.
嫌疑犯n.
责备v.
手柄n.
干预n.
首字母的adj
固体的adj
倾注v.
浅薄的adj.
混凝土n.
link
Substantial
Decrease
Statistics
Transform
Thinking
Virus
Gifted
Steady
Concept
brilliant
链接
实质性
减少
统计
转换
思考
病毒
有天赋的
稳定
概念
明亮的
Abstract
Furthermore
Vivid
Besides
Defend
Missile
framework
摘要
此外
生动
此外
保卫
导弹
框架
come
to
solid
conclusions
得出确凿的结论
be
gifted
with
有天赋
sense
of
wonder
and
awe
好奇敬畏之感
have
a
vivid
imagination
有丰富的想象力
have
a
strong
intuition
有很强的直觉
have
a
mixture
of
混合
think
outside
the
box
跳出框框思考
Listening
&
Speaking
on
Page
6
Look
at
the
photo
below,
and
discuss
in
groups
what
these
activities
have
to
do
with
science.
Look
at
the
photo
below,
and
discuss
in
groups
what
these
activities
have
to
do
with
science.
A
I
think
the
dish
in
this
exhibition
is
related
to
sound.
Maybe
the
boy
is
whispering
into
the
smaller
circle
and
the
dish
can
make
his
voice
louder.
Look
at
the
photo
below,
and
discuss
in
groups
what
these
activities
have
to
do
with
science.
B
This
looks
like
a
piano
you
play
with
your
feet.Maybe
it
shows
how
sound
works.
Look
at
the
photo
below,
and
discuss
in
groups
what
these
activities
have
to
do
with
science.
C
I'm
not
sure
what
this
one
shows,
but
it
must
be
about
light
or
eyesight.
Look
at
the
photo
below,
and
discuss
in
groups
what
these
activities
have
to
do
with
science.
D
It
is
a
hall
of
mirrors.
Maybe
it
has
to
do
with
the
principles
of
reflection.
Look
at
the
photo
below,
and
discuss
in
groups
what
these
activities
have
to
do
with
science.
E
This
is
probably
an
experiment
involving
the
composition
of
light.
Before
listening:
The
photos
above
are
related
to
the
conversation
you
will
hear.
Using
the
photos,
try
to
predict
the
answers
to
the
following
questions.
1
Where
are
the
people
in
the
conversation
going
to
go?
They
are
going
to
a
science
museum.
2.
What
kind
of
place
is
it,
and
what
does
it
focus
on?
It
is
a
science
museum
that
focuses
on
letting
visitors
experience
science
through
interactive
learning
exhibitions.
3
.What
kinds
of
things
can
you
do
there?
You
can
probably
try
different
activities
to
learn
about
sound,
light,
reflection,
and
so
on.
For
example,
you
can
go
to
a
room
with
many
mirrors
facing
each
other
so
it
looks
like
there
are
many
copies
of
you!
Or
you
can
play
with
a
big
piano
on
the
floor.
P6
3.
Listen
to
the
conversation
and
see
if
your
answers
for
Activity
2
are
correct.
Then
write
down
the
letters
(A-E)
for
the
photos
in
the
order
that
you
hear
them
described.
1_________________
2________________
3.________________
4________________
5_________________
D
C
E
B
A
4.
Listen
again
and
complete
the
descriptions
of
the
photos
above.
Ph
A:
A
giant
dish;
when
you
speak
into
it,
it
_____________
the
sound
back
and
_____________.You
can
use
it
to
speak
in
a_____________
to
someone
17
meters
away,
Ph
B:
A
giant
____________.that
you
can
use
your
feet
to
play.
Instead
of
playing
the
sounds
of
a
piano,
it
plays
the
voices
of________________.
Ph
C:
You
look
at
a
blue
screen
for
a
while,
and
then
suddenly
you
can
see________________
moving
around
on
it.
These
are
our_______________________
Ph
D:
A______________________
where
you
can
see
yourself
reflected
thousands
of
times.
Ph
E:
You
stand
in
front
of_______________
and
it
casts
different
shadows
of
you,
in________________________
the
rainbow.
reflects
makes
it
louder
whisper
piano
keyboard
classical
singers
tiny
bright
lights
own
blood
cells
hall
of
mirrors
a
white
light
every
color
of
1.
The
conversation
is
about
the
City
of
Science
and
Industry,
a
museum
in
Paris.
Would
you
like
to
go
to
this
museum?
Why
or
why
not?
Yes
.
I
can
learn
a
lot
about
science
and
it
can
broaden
my
horizons.
2.
Are
there
any
museums
like
this
in
China?
What
other
interesting
museums
are
there?
Yes.
There
are
other
interesting
museums
such
as
art
museum
or
museum
about
ancient
treasure.
Speaking
Listening
text:
Judy:
Oh,
I'm
so
sorry
that
you
were
ill
and
couldn't
come
with
us
on
our
field
trip.
How
are
you
feeling
now?
Better?
Bill:
Much
better,
thanks.
But
how
was
it?
Judy:
Wonderful!
I
especially
liked
an
area
of
the
museum
called
Light
Games.it
was
really
cool.
They
had
a
hall
of
mirrors
where
I
could
see
myself
reflected
thousands
of
times!
Bill:
A
hall
of
mirrors
can
be
a
lot
of
fun.
What
else
did
they
have?
Judy:
Well,
they
had
an
experiment
where
we
looked
at
a
blue
screen
for
a
while,
and
then
suddenly
we
could
see
tiny
bright
lights
moving
around
on
it.
You'll
never
guess
what
those
bright
lights
were!
Bill:
Come
on,
tell
me!
Judy:
They
were
our
own
blood
cells.
For
some
reason,
our
eyes
play
tricks
on
us
when
we
look
at
a
blue
screen,
and
we
can
see
our
own
blood
cells
moving
around
like
little
lights!
But
there
was
another
thing
I
liked
better.
I
stood
in
front
of
a
white
light,
and
it
cast
different
shadows
of
me
in
every
color
of
the
rainbow!
Bill:
Oh,
I
wish
I
had
been
there.
Tell
me
more!
Judy:
Well,
they
had
another
area
for
sound.
They
had
a
giant
piano
keyboard
that
you
could
use
your
feet
to
play.
But
then,
instead
of
playing
the
sounds
of
a
piano,
it
played
the
voices
of
classical
singers!
Then
they
had
a
giant
dish,
and
when
you
spoke
into
it,
it
reflected
the
sound
back
and
made
it
louder.
You
could
use
it
to
speak
in
a
whisper
to
someone
17
metres
away
Bill:
It
all
sounds
so
cool.
I
wish
I
could
have
gone
with
you
Judy:
I
know,
but
we
can
go
together
this
weekend.
I'd
love
to
go
there
again!
Bill:
That
sounds
like
a
great
idea!
Listening
and
Speaking
Make
a
short
presentation
to
the
class
about
your
choice.
Use
the
example
and
useful
phrases
below
to
help
you.
EXAMPLE
Today,
I
want
to
talk
to
you
about
a
very
strange
phenomenon
called
a
non-Newtonian
fluid.
You
can
make
it
easily
using
equal
parts
of
water
and
cornflour,
like
I
have
here.
Anon-Newtonian
fluid
is
strange
because
you
can
pour
it
like
a
liquid,
but
if
you
put
any
pressure
on
it,
it
suddenly
becomes
hard
as
concrete.
In
fact,
it
becomes
hard
enough
to
stand
on.
Then,
as
soon
as
you
take
the
pressure
off,
it
becomes
a
liquid
again.
This
shows
that
it
is
possible
that
something
can
exist
as
a
liquid
and
a
solid
at
the
same
time.
Make
a
short
presentation
useful
phrases:
Talking
about
scientific
phenomena
..
can/cannot
exist
in
the
form
of
a
solid/gas
and
a
liquid/plasma
...
...
Is
both
a
...
And
a..
.
at
the
same
time
..
how
light/sound
is
reflected
...
...
the
existence
of
other…
This
occurs
when
...
If
you
....it
will
become
....
That
demonstrates
….
This
experiment/research
shows.
..
Through
this,
we
know
that
...
We
can
prove
that
...
This
evidence
proves
…
Make
a
short
presentation
Today,
I
want
to
talk
to
you
about
the
positive
and
negative
charges
of
molecules.
We
can
demonstrate
how
these
interact
through
a
simple
experiment
using
milk,
dish
soap,
and
food
coloring.
First,
cover
the
bottom
of
a
shallow
plate
with
milk.
Now
add
two
or
three
drops
of
different
liquid
food
coloring
to
the
center
of
the
milk.
They
should
form
one
large
dark
puddle
in
the
middle
of
the
milk.
Now,
dip
a
cotton
swab
into
dish
soap,
and
it
into
the
middle
of
the
food
place
coloring.
You
will
see
the
colors
quickly
move
to
escape
from
the
soap,
making
interesting
and
beautiful
patterns.
This
happens
because
the
dish
soap
molecules
have
a
strong
negative
charge,
and
the
milk
molecules
have
a
strong
positive
charge.
Like
magnets,
these
molecules
are
attracted
to
each
other,
and
so
they
appear
to
move
around
on
the
plate,
taking
the
food
coloring
with
them,
making
it
look
like
the
colors
are
quickly
moving
to
escape
from
the
soap.
Video
Time
on
Page
12
Why
is
it
important
to
explore?
Some
scientists,
researchers,
and
explorers
were
asked
the
question,
“Why
is
it
important
to
explore?”
This
video
gives
their
answers.
BEFORE
YOU
WATCH
What
do
you
think
you
will
see
in
the
video?
tick
the
items
that
you
think
will
be
mentioned.
airplane
diver
ship
butterfly
frog
submarine
city
computer
horse
volcano
polar
bear
whale
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
While
you
watch
Complete
these
quotes
with
the
words
you
hear
in
the
video.
Emily
Ainsworth:
“It’s
part
of
human
nature
to
___________
and
to
_________________
about
the
world.”
Juan
Martinez:
“It’s
where
you
find
_____________,
where
you
find
new
things,
_______________.”
Lee
Berger:
“We
think
we
know
_______________,
but
we
don’t.
We
think
we
know
_______________,
but
we
don’t.
We
think
we
understand
______________,
but
we
don’t.
Catherine
Workman:
“_______________
what’s
out
there,
_______________
what’s
out
there.”
Cory
Richards:
“And
if
we
have
more
to
care
about,
then
we
engage
more
fully
______________
and
more
fully
_________________,
and
we
act
—you
know
—
________.
be
curious
want
to
learn
more
yourself
where
you
grow
this
place
ourselves
how
things
work
By
knowing
we
care
about
with
our
world
with
our
human
family
with
love
3.
Match
the
descriptions
on
the
left
with
the
words
on
the
right.
a
first
flight
2.
used
to
explore
an
inaccessible
place
4.
eight
new
species
3.
a
new
species
5.
a
natural
alarm
clock
A.
fish
B.
frog
C.
polar
bear
D.
butterfly
with
a
tag
E.
drone
While
you
watch
C
D
E
B
A
snorkelling
浮潜
ice
climbing
spelunking
洞穴探险
After
you
watch
Of
the
explorations
in
the
video,
which
seems
the
most
important?
Which
seems
the
most
interesting?
Why?
Why
is
it
important
to
explore,
in
your
opinion?
How
would
you
like
to
explore
our
world?
Why?
Discuss
the
following
questions.
1.
Of
the
explorations
in
the
video,
which
seems
the
most
important?
Which
seems
the
most
interesting?
Why?
---The
most
important
is
the
one
with
the
butterflies
because
butterflies
are
easily
affected
by
climate
and
pollution,
and
so
their
lives
can
tell
us
a
lot
about
how
the
world
is
doing.
---The
most
interesting
one
is
the
cave
diving
where
they
found
the
animal
bones.
It
just
seems
so
strange
and
mysterious,
and
one
would
not
expect
to
find
bones
there.
2.
Why
is
it
important
to
explore,
in
your
opinion?
---I
think
it
is
important
to
explore
because
exploration
is
a
part
of
human
growth,
both
as
an
individual
and
society.
Through
exploration,
we
develop
ourselves.
Our
interests
and
curiosity
cause
us
to
learn,
to
improve,
and
to
be
better.
3.
How
would
you
like
to
explore
our
world?
Why?
---I
would
like
to
visit
places
with
my
camera
and
take
photos
of
interesting
places
and
people,
as
I
enjoy
photography
and
love
travelling
and
finding
out
about
new
cultures.
Reading
and
Thinking
on
Page
2
John
Snow
Defeats
“King
Cholera”
Who
is
he?
He
put
forward
a
theory
about
black
holes.
Stephen
Hawking
There
are
some
great
scientific
achievements
that
have
changed
the
world.
Name
some
famous
scientists
you
know
and
tell
something
about
them.
Who
is
she?
Tu
Youyou
She
is
the
first
Chinese
Nobel
winner
in
physiology
or
medicine
and
the
first
female
citizen
of
China
to
receive
a
Nobel
Prize.
Who
is
he?
Zhong
Nanshan,
who
has
been
committed
to
the
study,
prevention
and
treatment
of
major
respiratory
diseases
and
significantly
contributed
to
the
COVID-19
fight,
was
recommended
for
the
Medal
of
the
Republic
nomination.
Zhong
Nanshan
the
new
coronavirus
get
vaccine
Besides
the
coronavirus,
what
other
kinds
of
epidemics（流行病）
do
you
know?
Bird-flu
禽流感
malaria
疟疾
plague
鼠疫
Ebola
埃博拉
Smallpox
天花
Cholera
霍乱
John
Snow
Defeated
“King
Cholera”
John
Snow
Defeats
“King
Cholera”
约翰·斯诺（1813-1858)
,
英国医生，19世纪50年代因其对霍乱病源的研究和贡献享誉世界医学界，被公认为流行病学奠基人之一。斯诺1836年起接受正规医科教育，1844年毕业于伦敦大学。1854年伦敦霍乱流行，斯诺通过研究霍乱病死者的日常生活情况，发现了霍乱与饮用不洁水的关系。在他的呼吁下，政府及时关闭了不洁水源，有效制止了霍乱的流行。虽然斯诺没有发现导致霍乱的病原体，但他创造性地使用空间统计学查找到传染源，并以此证明了这种方法的价值。今天，绘制地图已成为医学地理学及传染病学中一种基本的研究方法。“斯诺的霍乱地图”成了一个经典案例。
The
text
is
mainly
about
____________
and
_______
he
defeated
king
cholera.
how
John
Snow
Look
at
the
picture,
the
title
and
the
map,
guess
what
the
content
of
the
text
is.
Then
skim
it
quickly
to
see
if
you
are
right.
Fast-reading
Para
1
JOHN
SNOW
DEFEATS
“
KING
CHOLERA”
Cholera
used
to
be
one
of
the
most
feared
diseases
in
the
world,
until
a
British
doctor,John
Snow,
showed
how
it
could
be
overcome.
This
illness
causes
severe
diarrhoea,
dehydration,
and
even
death.
In
the
early
19th
century,
when
an
outbreak
of
cholera
hit
Europe,
millions
of
people
died
from
the
disease.
As
a
young
doctor,
John
Snow
became
frustrated
because
no
one
knew
how
to
prevent
or
treat
cholera.
In
time,
he
rose
to
become
a
famous
doctor,
and
even
attended
to
Queen
Victoria
when
she
gave
birth.However,
he
never
lost
his
desire
to
destroy
cholera
once
and
for
all.
JOHN
SNOW
DEFEATS
“
KING
CHOLERA”
Cholera
used
to
be
one
of
the
most
feared
diseases
in
the
world,
until
a
British
doctor,John
Snow,
showed
how
it
could
be
overcome.
This
illness
causes
severe
diarrhoea,
dehydration,
and
even
death.
In
the
early
19th
century,
when
an
outbreak
of
cholera
hit
Europe,
millions
of
people
died
from
the
disease.
As
a
young
doctor,
John
Snow
became
frustrated
because
no
one
knew
how
to
prevent
or
treat
cholera.
In
time,
he
rose
to
become
a
famous
doctor,
and
even
attended
to
Queen
Victoria
when
she
gave
birth.However,
he
never
lost
his
desire
to
destroy
cholera
once
and
for
all.
Main
idea?
Cholera
hit
Europe
in
the
early
19th
century
and
John
Snow
was
determined
to
defeat
it.
used
to
do
sth
过去常做某事
one
of
the
most
feared
diseases
最令人恐惧的疾病之一
in
the
early
19th
century
在19世纪初
millions
of
......
成千上万的…，无数的......
died
from
......死于......
in
time
及时;
迟早;
最后;
经过一段时间之后
rise
to
do
sth
上升到能做某事
attend
to
sb/sth
处理...;料理...;照顾...
give
birth
(to
sb)
生（孩子）;生育；产生
lose
one's
desire
to
do
失去做某事的欲望
once
and
for
all
最终地；彻底地
used
to
do
sth
过去常做某事
one
of
the
most
feared
diseases
最令人恐惧的疾病之一
in
the
early
19th
century
在19世纪初
millions
of
......
成千上万的…，无数的......
died
from
......死于......
in
time
及时;
迟早;
最后;
经过一段时间之后
rise
to
do
sth
上升到能做某事
attend
to
sb/sth
处理...;料理...;照顾...
give
birth
(to
sb)
生（孩子）;生育；产生
lose
one's
desire
to
do
失去做某事的欲望
once
and
for
all
最终地；彻底地
JOHN
SNOW
DEFEATS
“
KING
CHOLERA”
Cholera
used
to
be
one
of
the
________________(fear)
diseases
in
the
world,
until
a
British
doctor.
John
Snow,
showed
how
it
could
be
overcome.
This
illness
causes
____________
(severe)
diarrhoea,
dehydration,
and
even
death.
In
the
____________(early)
19th
century,
________
an
outbreak
of
cholera
hit
Europe,
millions
of
people
died
from
the
disease.
As
a
young
doctor,
John
Snow
became
frustrated
_________
no
one
knew
how
to
prevent
or
treat
cholera.
In
time,
he
rose
to
become
a
famous
doctor,
_______
even
attended
to
Queen
Victoria
________
she
gave
birth.
However,
he
never
lost
his
desire
to
destroy
cholera
once
______
for
all.
most
feared
severe
early
when
because
and
when
and
Para
2
In
general,
doctors
in
those
days
had
two
contradictory
theories
to
explain
how
cholera
spread.
One
theory
was
that
bad
air
caused
the
disease.
Another
was
that
cholera
was
caused
by
an
infection
from
germs
in
food
or
water.
Snow
subscribed
to
the
second
theory.
It
was
correct,
but
he
still
needed
proof.
Consequently,
when
an
outbreak
of
cholera
hit
London
in
1854,
Snow
began
to
investigate.
He
discovered
that
in
two
particular
streets
the
cholera
outbreak
was
so
severe
that
more
than
500
people
died
in
ten
days.
He
was
determined
to
find
out
why.
Main
idea?
Doctors
ihad
two
contradictory
theories
and
John
Snow
found
a
problem.
In
general,
doctors
in
those
days
had
two
contradictory
theories
to
explain
how
cholera
spread.
One
theory
was
that
bad
air
caused
the
disease.
Another
was
that
cholera
was
caused
by
an
infection
from
germs
in
food
or
water.
Snow
subscribed
to
the
second
theory.
It
was
correct,
but
he
still
needed
proof.
Consequently,
when
an
outbreak
of
cholera
hit
London
in
1854,
Snow
began
to
investigate.
He
discovered
that
in
two
particular
streets
the
cholera
outbreak
was
so
severe
that
more
than
500
people
died
in
ten
days.
He
was
determined
to
find
out
why.
in
general
通常；大体上；一般而言，总的来说
have
two
contradictory
theories
有两种截然不同的看法
subscribe
to
sth
同意...;赞同...
;定期订购/缴纳/捐款
need
proof
需要证据
in
two
particular
streets
在两个特定的街道上
the
cholera
outbreak
霍乱爆发;霍乱疫情
so
......that......
如此...以至于...
die
in
ten
days
十天内死掉
be
determined
to
do
sth
决心做某事
in
general
通常；大体上；一般而言，总的来说
have
two
contradictory
theories
有两种截然不同的看法
subscribe
to
sth
同意...;赞同...
;定期订购/缴纳/捐款
need
proof
需要证据
in
two
particular
streets
在两个特定的街道上
the
cholera
outbreak
霍乱爆发;霍乱疫情
so
......that......
如此...以至于...
die
in
ten
days
十天内死掉
be
determined
to
do
sth
决心做某事
In
general,
doctors
in
those
days
had
two
contradictory
theories
to
explain
how
cholera
spread.
One
theory
was
_________
bad
air
caused
the
disease.
Another
was
_________
cholera
was
caused
by
an
infection
from
germs
in
food
or
water.
Snow
subscribed
to
the
second
theory.
It
was
correct,
_______
he
still
needed
proof.
Consequently,
_________
an
outbreak
of
cholera
hit
London
in
1854,
Snow
began
to
investigate.
He
discovered
_________
in
two
particular
streets
the
cholera
outbreak
was
so
severe
_________more
than
500
people
died
in
ten
days.
He
was
determined
to
find
out
why.
that
that
but
when
that
that
Para
3
Snow
began
by
marking
on
a
map
the
exact
places
where
all
those
who
died
had
lived.
There
were
multiple
deaths
near
the
water
pump
in
Broad
Street
(especially
house
numbers
16,
37,
38,
and
40).
However,
some
households
(such
as
20
and
21
Broad
Street,
and
8
and
9
Cambridge
Street)
had
had
no
deaths.
These
people
worked
in
the
pub
at
7
Cambridge
Street.
They
had
been
given
free
beer,
and
so
had
not
drunk
the
water
from
the
pump.
Snow
suspected
that
the
water
pump
was
to
blame.
What
is
more,
in
another
part
of
London,
a
woman
and
her
daughter
had
died
of
cholera
after
moving
away
from
Broad
Street.
It
seemed
that
the
woman
liked
the
water
from
the
pump
so
much
that
she
had
it
delivered
to
her
house
every
day.
As
a
result
of
this
evidence,
John
Snow
was
able
to
announce
that
the
pump
water
carried
cholera
germs.
Accordingly,
he
had
the
handle
of
the
pump
removed
so
that
it
could
not
be
used.
Through
this
intervention,
the
disease
was
stopped
in
its
tracks.
Main
idea?
John
Snow
conducted
research
to
stop
the
disease.
Snow
began
by
marking
on
a
map
the
exact
places
where
all
those
who
died
had
lived.
There
were
multiple
deaths
near
the
water
pump
in
Broad
Street
(especially
house
numbers
16,
37,
38,
and
40).
However,
some
households
(such
as
20
and
21
Broad
Street,
and
8
and
9
Cambridge
Street)
had
had
no
deaths.
These
people
worked
in
the
pub
at
7
Cambridge
Street.
They
had
been
given
free
beer,
and
so
had
not
drunk
the
water
from
the
pump.
Snow
suspected
that
the
water
pump
was
to
blame.
What
is
more,
in
another
part
of
London,
a
woman
and
her
daughter
had
died
of
cholera
after
moving
away
from
Broad
Street.
It
seemed
that
the
woman
liked
the
water
from
the
pump
so
much
that
she
had
it
delivered
to
her
house
every
day.
As
a
result
of
this
evidence,
John
Snow
was
able
to
announce
that
the
pump
water
carried
cholera
germs.
Accordingly,
he
had
the
handle
of
the
pump
removed
so
that
it
could
not
be
used.
Through
this
intervention,
the
disease
was
stopped
in
its
tracks.
mark
on
a
map
the
exact
places
在地图上标记出确切的位置
multiple
deaths
多人死亡
some
households
一些家庭/住户
work
in
the
pub
at
7
Cambridge
Street
在剑桥街7号的酒吧工作
be
given
free
beer
被提供免费啤酒
suspect
sb
of
sth/of
doing
sth/that...
怀疑某人有.....罪
be
to
blame
for.....
(不好的事)
对…负责任
die
of/from
sth
死于......
move
away
from...
从...离开
It
seemed
that...
看起来似乎...
carry
cholera
germs携带霍乱病菌
have
sth
delivered
to
...让人把某物运到.....
as
a
result
of
...由于…的结果；起因
have
the
handle
of
the
pump
removed
让人拆掉了水泵的把手
through
this
intervention通过这种干预
be
stopped
in
one's
tracks
在自己的轨道上被遏制
mark
on
a
map
the
exact
places
在地图上标记出确切的位置
multiple
deaths
多人死亡
some
households
一些家庭/住户
work
in
the
pub
at
7
Cambridge
Street
在剑桥街7号的酒吧工作
be
given
free
beer
被提供免费啤酒
suspect
sb
of
sth/of
doing
sth/that...
怀疑某人有.....罪
be
to
blame
for.....
(不好的事)
对…负责任
die
of/from
sth
死于......
move
away
from...
从...离开
It
seemed
that...
看起来似乎...
carry
cholera
germs携带霍乱病菌
have
sth
delivered
to
...让人把某物运到.....
as
a
result
of
...由于…的结果；起因
have
the
handle
of
the
pump
removed
让人拆掉了水泵的把手
through
this
intervention通过这种干预
be
stopped
in
one's
tracks
在自己的轨道上被遏制
and
so
adv.
因此;
Snow
began
by
marking
on
a
map
the
exact
places
________all
those
who
died
had
lived.
They
had
been
given
free
beer,
______so
had
not
drunk
the
water
from
the
pump.
Snow
suspected
_______
the
water
pump
was
to
blame.
It
seemed
________the
woman
liked
the
water
from
the
pump
so
much
_________
she
had
it
delivered
to
her
house
every
day.
As
a
result
of
this
evidence,
John
Snow
was
able
to
announce
________
the
pump
water
carried
cholera
germs.
Accordingly,
he
had
the
handle
of
the
pump
removed
so
_______
it
could
not
be
used.
where
and
that
that
that
that
that
These
people
worked
in
the
pub
at
7
Cambridge
Street.
They
_______________(give)
free
beer,
and
so
______________(not
drink)
the
water
from
the
pump.
What
is
more,
in
another
part
of
London,
a
woman
and
her
daughter
____________(die)
of
cholera
after
__________(move)
away
from
Broad
Street.
It
seemed
that
the
woman
_______(like)
the
water
from
the
pump
so
much
that
she
had
it
_____________(deliever)
to
her
house
every
day.
As
a
result
of
this
evidence,
John
Snow
was
able
to
announce
that
the
pump
water
carried
cholera
germs.
Accordingly,
he
had
the
handle
of
the
pump
_____________
(remove)
so
that
it
could
not
be
used.
Through
this
intervention,
the
disease
_______________(stop)
in
its
tracks.
had
been
given
had
not
drunk
had
died
moving
liked
delivered
removed
was
stopped
Para
4
The
truth
was
that
the
water
from
the
Broad
Street
pump
had
been
infected
by
waste.
Moreover,
Snow
was
later
able
to
show
a
link
between
other
cases
of
cholera
and
the
different
water
companies
in
London.
Some
companies
sold
water
from
the
River
Thames
that
was
polluted
by
raw
waste.
The
people
who
drank
this
water
were
much
more
likely
to
get
cholera
than
those
who
drank
pure
or
boiled
water
Main
idea?
John
found
the
truth
about
cholera.
The
truth
was
that
the
water
from
the
Broad
Street
pump
had
been
infected
by
waste.
Moreover,
Snow
was
later
able
to
show
a
link
between
other
cases
of
cholera
and
the
different
water
companies
in
London.
Some
companies
sold
water
from
the
River
Thames
that
was
polluted
by
raw
waste.
The
people
who
drank
this
water
were
much
more
likely
to
get
cholera
than
those
who
drank
pure
or
boiled
water.
be
infected
with/by...
感染....,
沾染......
a
link
between
....
......有关联
The
truth
was
that
.....真相是......
other
cases
of
cholera
另外几起霍乱病例
the
different
water
companies
多家饮用水公司
sell
water
from
the
River
Thames
出售泰晤士河的水
be
polluted
by
raw
waste
被原有的废物污染
be
much
more
likely
to
do
sth
than...比...更有可能做某事
get
cholera
染上霍乱
drink
pure
or
boiled
water
饮用纯浄水或凉开水
be
infected
with/by...
感染....,
沾染......
a
link
between
....
......有关联
The
truth
was
that
.....真相是......
other
cases
of
cholera
另外几起霍乱病例
the
different
water
companies
多家饮用水公司
sell
water
from
the
River
Thames
出售泰晤士河的水
be
polluted
by
raw
waste
被原有的废物污染
be
much
more
likely
to
do
sth
than...比...更有可能做某事
get
cholera
染上霍乱
drink
pure
or
boiled
water
饮用纯浄水或凉开水
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
(事情的真相是宽街水泵抽上来的水被废弃物污染了)
Moreover,
Snow
was
later
able
to
show
a
link
between
other
cases
of
cholera
________
the
different
water
companies
in
London.
Some
companies
sold
water
from
the
River
Thames
_________
was
polluted
by
raw
waste.
The
people
_________
drank
this
water
were
much
more
likely
to
get
cholera
than
those
_________
drank
pure
or
boiled
water
The
truth
was
that
the
water
from
the
Broad
Street
pump
had
been
infected
by
waste.
and
that
who
who
Para
5
Through
Snow’s
tireless
efforts,
water
companies
began
to
sell
clean
water
and
the
threat
of
cholera
around
the
world
saw
a
substantial
decrease.
However,
cholera
is
still
a
problem.
Each
year,
millions
of
people
around
the
world
get
cholera
and
many
die
from
it.
Fortunately,
we
now
know
how
to
prevent
cholera,
thanks
to
the
work
of
John
Snow.
Moreover,
in
his
use
of
maps
and
statistics,
Snow
transformed
the
way
scientists
study
diseases.
For
this
reason,
Snow
is
considered
the
father
of
modern
epidemiology
Main
idea?
John
contributed
a
lot
to
how
to
prevent
cholera
and
how
to
study
diseases.
Through
Snow’s
tireless
efforts,
water
companies
began
to
sell
clean
water
and
the
threat
of
cholera
around
the
world
saw
a
substantial
decrease.
However,
cholera
is
still
a
problem.
Each
year,
millions
of
people
around
the
world
get
cholera
and
many
die
from
it.
Fortunately,
we
now
know
how
to
prevent
cholera,
thanks
to
the
work
of
John
Snow.
Moreover,
in
his
use
of
maps
and
statistics,
Snow
transformed
the
way
scientists
study
diseases.
For
this
reason,
Snow
is
considered
the
father
of
modern
epidemiology
through
one's
tireless
efforts
通过某人的不懈努力
water
companies
饮用水公司
the
threat
of
cholera
霍乱的威胁
see
a
substantial
decrease
经历大幅降低
thanks
to
the
work
of
John
Snow
由于约翰?斯诺的工作
in
one's
use
of
sth
通过某人利用......
maps
and
statistics
地图和数据
transform
the
way
that/in
which/...改变...的方式
for
this
reason
以此；为此；职此之故
be
considered
(to
be/as)
sth
被誉为......
the
father
of
modern
epidemiology现代流行病学之父
through
one's
tireless
efforts
通过某人的不懈努力
water
companies
饮用水公司
the
threat
of
cholera
霍乱的威胁
see
a
substantial
decrease
经历大幅降低
thanks
to
the
work
of
John
Snow
由于约翰?斯诺的工作
in
one's
use
of
sth
通过某人利用......
maps
and
statistics
地图和数据
transform
the
way
that/in
which/...改变...的方式
for
this
reason
以此；为此；职此之故
be
considered
(to
be/as)
sth
被誉为......
the
father
of
modern
epidemiology现代流行病学之父
___________
Snow’s
tireless
efforts,
water
companies
began
to
sell
clean
water
and
___________
threat
of
cholera
around
the
world
saw
___________
substantial
decrease.
However,
cholera
is
still
___________
problem.
Each
year,
millions
of
people
around
the
world
get
cholera
and
many
die
___________
it.
Fortunately,
we
now
know
how
to
prevent
cholera,
thanks
_________
the
work
of
John
Snow.
Moreover,
___________
his
use
of
maps
and
statistics,
Snow
transformed
the
way
scientists
study
diseases.
________
this
reason,
Snow
is
considered
___________
father
of
modern
epidemiology
Through
the
a
a
from
_to
in
For
the
Try
to
put
the
following
stages
of
scientific
research
in
order.
______
analyse
the
results
______
ask
a
question
______
draw
a
conclusion
______
collect
data
______
find
a
problem
______
find
supporting
evidence
______
think
of
a
method
Read
Para
1
and
circle
the
key
words
to
put
the
stages
in
order.
JOHN
SNOW
DEFEATS
“
KING
CHOLERA”
Cholera
used
to
be
one
of
the
most
feared
diseases
in
the
world,
until
a
British
doctor,John
Snow,
showed
how
it
could
be
overcome.
This
illness
causes
severe
diarrhoea,
dehydration,
and
even
death.
In
the
early
19th
century,
when
an
outbreak
of
cholera
hit
Europe,
millions
of
people
died
from
the
disease.
As
a
young
doctor,
John
Snow
became
frustrated
because
no
one
knew
how
to
prevent
or
treat
cholera.
In
time,
he
rose
to
become
a
famous
doctor,
and
even
attended
to
Queen
Victoria
when
she
gave
birth.However,
he
never
lost
his
desire
to
destroy
cholera
once
and
for
all.
JOHN
SNOW
DEFEATS
“
KING
CHOLERA”
Cholera
used
to
be
one
of
the
most
feared
diseases
in
the
world,
until
a
British
doctor,John
Snow,
showed
how
it
could
be
overcome.
This
illness
causes
severe
diarrhoea,
dehydration,
and
even
death.
In
the
early
19th
century,
when
an
outbreak
of
cholera
hit
Europe,
millions
of
people
died
from
the
disease.
As
a
young
doctor,
John
Snow
became
frustrated
because
no
one
knew
how
to
prevent
or
treat
cholera.
In
time,
he
rose
to
become
a
famous
doctor,
and
even
attended
to
Queen
Victoria
when
she
gave
birth.However,
he
never
lost
his
desire
to
destroy
cholera
once
and
for
all.
Find
a
problem.
Read
Para
2
and
circle
the
key
words
to
put
the
stages
in
order.
In
general,
doctors
in
those
days
had
two
contradictory
theories
to
explain
how
cholera
spread.
One
theory
was
that
bad
air
caused
the
disease.
Another
was
that
cholera
was
caused
by
an
infection
from
germs
in
food
or
water.
Snow
subscribed
to
the
second
theory.
It
was
correct,
but
he
still
needed
proof.
Consequently,
when
an
outbreak
of
cholera
hit
London
in
1854,
Snow
began
to
investigate.
He
discovered
that
in
two
particular
streets
the
cholera
outbreak
was
so
severe
that
more
than
500
people
died
in
ten
days.
He
was
determined
to
find
out
why.
In
general,
doctors
in
those
days
had
two
contradictory
theories
to
explain
how
cholera
spread.
One
theory
was
that
bad
air
caused
the
disease.
Another
was
that
cholera
was
caused
by
an
infection
from
germs
in
food
or
water.
Snow
subscribed
to
the
second
theory.
It
was
correct,
but
he
still
needed
proof.
Consequently,
when
an
outbreak
of
cholera
hit
London
in
1854,
Snow
began
to
investigate.
He
discovered
that
in
two
particular
streets
the
cholera
outbreak
was
so
severe
that
more
than
500
people
died
in
ten
days.
He
was
determined
to
find
out
why.
Ask
a
question.
hypothesis
n.
假设，假说;
[逻]前提
Read
Para
3
and
circle
the
key
words
to
put
the
stages
in
order.
Snow
began
by
marking
on
a
map
the
exact
places
where
all
those
who
died
had
lived.
There
were
multiple
deaths
near
the
water
pump
in
Broad
Street
(especially
house
numbers
16,
37,
38,
and
40).
However,
some
households
(such
as
20
and
21
Broad
Street,
and
8
and
9
Cambridge
Street)
had
had
no
deaths.
These
people
worked
in
the
pub
at
7
Cambridge
Street.
They
had
been
given
free
beer,
and
so
had
not
drunk
the
water
from
the
pump.
Snow
suspected
that
the
water
pump
was
to
blame.
What
is
more,
in
another
part
of
London,
a
woman
and
her
daughter
had
died
of
cholera
after
moving
away
from
Broad
Street.
It
seemed
that
the
woman
liked
the
water
from
the
pump
so
much
that
she
had
it
delivered
to
her
house
every
day.
As
a
result
of
this
evidence,
John
Snow
was
able
to
announce
that
the
pump
water
carried
cholera
germs.
Accordingly,
he
had
the
handle
of
the
pump
removed
so
that
it
could
not
be
used.
Through
this
intervention,
the
disease
was
stopped
in
its
tracks.
Snow
began
by
marking
on
a
map
the
exact
places
where
all
those
who
died
had
lived.
There
were
multiple
deaths
near
the
water
pump
in
Broad
Street
(especially
house
numbers
16,
37,
38,
and
40).
However,
some
households
(such
as
20
and
21
Broad
Street,
and
8
and
9
Cambridge
Street)
had
had
no
deaths.
These
people
worked
in
the
pub
at
7
Cambridge
Street.
They
had
been
given
free
beer,
and
so
had
not
drunk
the
water
from
the
pump.
Snow
suspected
that
the
water
pump
was
to
blame.
What
is
more,
in
another
part
of
London,
a
woman
and
her
daughter
had
died
of
cholera
after
moving
away
from
Broad
Street.
It
seemed
that
the
woman
liked
the
water
from
the
pump
so
much
that
she
had
it
delivered
to
her
house
every
day.
As
a
result
of
this
evidence,
John
Snow
was
able
to
announce
that
the
pump
water
carried
cholera
germs.
Accordingly,
he
had
the
handle
of
the
pump
removed
so
that
it
could
not
be
used.
Through
this
intervention,
the
disease
was
stopped
in
its
tracks.
Think
of
a
method.
Draw
a
conclusion.
Collect
data.
Analyze
the
results.
Find
supporting
evidence.
Summary
The
stages
of
scientific
research
The
1st
stage:
find
a
problem
The
2nd
stage:
ask
a
question
The
3rd
stage:
think
of
a
method
The
4th
stage:
collect
data
The
5th
stage:
analyse
the
results
The
6th
stage:
find
supporting
evidence
The
7th
stage:
draw
a
conclusion
Reading
Comprehension
1.
Which
of
the
following
did
John
Snow
think
was
the
most
important
to
defeat
a
disease?
A.
Finding
its
cause.
　
B.
Finding
its
cure.
C.
Finding
its
result.
D.
Finding
its
harm.
A
2.
What
made
John
Snow
the
father
of
modern
epidemiology?
A.
His
tireless
efforts
and
work
B.
His
solution
to
the
decrease
of
cholera.
C.
His
use
of
maps
and
statistics.
D.
His
fortune
of
discovering
the
cause
of
the
disease.
C
3.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage?
A.
Polluted
water
was
a
main
reason
for
spreading
cholera.
B.
Broad
Street
and
Cambridge
Street
had
their
own
water
pumps.
C.
Cholera
spread
through
air.
D.
John
Snow
found
the
cause
of
cholera
by
accident.
A
Write
a
short
summary.
How
did
John
Snow
defeat
the
King
Cholera?
Firstly,
cholera
was
a
deadly
disease
and
John
Snow,
an
expert
in
infectious
diseases,
...
Secondly,
...
Thirdly,
...
Then,
…
Next,
…
After
that,
…
Finally,
...
King
Cholera
was
controlled.
How
did
he
defeat
the
King
Cholera?
Firstly,
cholera
was
a
deadly
disease
and
John
Snow,
an
expert
in
infectious
diseases,
was
determined
to
find
the
cause.
Secondly,
there
were
two
theories
and
he
suspected
the
second
one
was
the
cause.
Thirdly,
he
began
his
enquiry
when
another
outbreak
hit
London
in
1854.
Then,
he
marked
on
a
map
where
people
died
or
not,
from
which,
it
seemed
that
the
water
was
the
cause.
Next,
John
Snow
looked
into
the
source
of
the
water
and
found
that
it
came
from
the
polluted
river.
After
that,
he
found
two
dead
people
who
lived
in
another
street
drank
the
water.
Finally,
the
source
of
water
was
examined
and
cholera
was
controlled.
Discovering
Useful
Structures
Grammar——
表语从句
阅读下面课文原句,
体会句中从句的用法。
1.
One
theory
was
that
bad
air
caused
the
disease.
2.
Another
was
that
cholera
was
caused
by
an
infection
from
germs
in
food
or
water.
3.
The
truth
was
that
the
water
from
the
Broad
Street
pump
had
been
infected
by
waste.
4.
It
seemed
that
the
woman
liked
the
water
from
the
pump
so
much
that
she
had
it
delivered
to
her
house
every
day.
阅读下面课文原句,
体会句中从句的用法。
1.
One
theory
was
that
bad
air
caused
the
disease.
2.
Another
was
that
cholera
was
caused
by
an
infection
from
germs
in
food
or
water.
3.
The
truth
was
that
the
water
from
the
Broad
Street
pump
had
been
infected
by
waste.
4.
It
seemed
that
the
woman
liked
the
water
from
the
pump
so
much
that
she
had
it
delivered
to
her
house
every
day.
以上4个句子中的加颜色部分都是从句，这些从句在词性上相当于一个
，故被称作
从句，而且从句作
，所以又被称作
从句。
名词性
表语
表语
名词
表语从句的定义
在主从复合句充当表语的从句叫表语从句
表语从句的判断
What
I
want
to
say
is
that
I
am
tired
She
doesn’t
know
whether
she
likes
him
or
not.
He
was
sent
to
the
hospital.
That’s
because
he
was
ill.?
It
sounds
as
if
somebody
was
knocking
at
the
door.
The
reason
why
he
was
late
was
that
he
missed
the
train
this
morning
What
I
want
to
say
is
that
I
am
tired
She
doesn’t
know
whether
she
likes
him
or
not.
He
was
sent
to
the
hospital.
That’s
because
he
was
ill.?
It
sounds
as
if
somebody
was
knocking
at
the
door.
The
reason
why
he
was
late
was
that
he
missed
the
train
this
morning
.
系动词后的成分为表语。系动词后的从句为表语从句
系动词主要是be动词（am,
is,
are,
was,
were)，意为“是”。
其它系动词：
1)持续系动词（表示主语持续或保持一种状况或态度）：keep,
remain,
stay,
stand
2)
“像”系动词（表示看起来像）：seem,
appear,
look
3)感官系动词：look,
feel,
smell,
sound,
taste
4)变化系动词（主语变成什么样）：become,
grow,
turn,
fall,
get,
go
5)终止系动词（主语已终止动作）：prove,
turn
out
表语从句的判断
引导词
用法
从属连词
that
无成分，无意义
Whether
无成分，意为“是否”
连接代词
what,which,who,whom,
…+ever,
whose
在从句中充当主语，宾语，表语，定语
连接副词
how,
when,
where,
…+
ever,
why
在从句中充当状语
其它连接词
because,
as
if
,as
though
因为，好像，似乎
表语从句的引导词
This
is
__________I
want.
My
English
is
limited.
This
is
_______I
hate
reading
English
books.
The
village
is
_________
I
used
to
spend
my
holiday.
It
is
___________
I
really
love
the
way
he
behaves.
The
trouble
is
__________
we
are
short
of
funds.
My
problem
is
__________
coat
is
suitable
for
me.
I
‘
d
like
to
start
my
own
business—that’s
________
I
want
to
do
if
I
had
the
money.
What
I
want
to
know
is
_______will
support
me.
what
where
why
because
that
which
what
who
即学即练
表语从句的语法规则
The
question
is
how
can
I
make
you
understand
the
knowledge.
The
question
is
how
I
can
make
you
understand
the
knowledge.
Rule
1
:
表语从句和宾语从句、主语从句一样，要用陈述语序：主语+谓语。
The
question
is
if
it
is
worthwhile
to
do
it.
The
question
is
whether
it
is
worthwhile
to
do
it.
Rule
2
:
表语从句的引导词没有if
!!!
只用whether
,不用if的情况
Whether
to
do
Whether……or
not
介词后的宾语从句
从句：句首的主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句
表语从句的语法规则
My
proposal
is
that
we
(should)
start
early
tomorrow.
I
propose
that
we
(should)
start
early
tomorrow.
It
is
proposed
that
we
(should)
start
early
tomorrow.
Rule
3
:
表语从句的虚拟语气
在表示“建议，劝说，命令”的名词
idea,
advice,
suggestion,
request,
proposal
等后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should
+
动词原形”，should可省略
表语从句的语法规则
Rule
3
:
as
if/as
though
引导的表语从句常跟在look,
seem,
sound,
feel等后面
语气：
若表示真实情况：用陈述语气
若表示非真实情况：用虚拟语气
Dark
clouds
are
gathering.
It
looks
as
if
it’s
going
to
rain.
It
seemed
as
if
the
night
would
never
end.
表语从句的语法规则
Rule
3
:
as
if/as
though
引导的表语从句的虚拟语气：
若跟现在事实不符：过去式（be动词用were）
若跟过去事实不符：had
done
若跟将来事实不符：would/could+动词原形
The
little
boy
talks
as
if
he
knew
everything
in
the
world.
He
felt
as
if
he
had
met
this
young
lady
for
a
long
somewhere.
表语从句的语法规则
My
suggestion
is
that
we
__________
(go)
to
hospital
at
once.
When
a
pencil
is
partly
in
a
glass
of
water,
it
looks
as
if
it
_______(be)
broken.
My
idea
is
that
we
___________(get)
more
people
to
attend
the
conference.
The
little
girl
talked
as
if
she
___________(be)
a
grown-up.
She
looks
as
if
she
_________(be)
ten
years
younger.
should
go
were
should
get
had
been
were
即学即练
Rule
4
:
because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It
is
because…”结构中。
I
do
so
many
things
for
you.
It
is
because
I
love
you.
I
am
late
this
morning.
That
is
because
I
left
my
bag
on
the
subway.
Your
speech
is
excellent.
This
is
because
you
prepared
it
a
lot.
表语从句的语法规则
Rule
5
:当从句描述原因时：
主语为reason
时，引导词用that
It,
This,
That
开头做主语，引导词用because
She
was
late
this
morning.
That
was
because
she
missed
the
early
bus.
The
reason
why
he
was
late
was
that
he
missed
the
early
bus.
表语从句的语法规则
Rule
6
:引导词that,
because,
why的区别：
描述原因用that或because.
描述结果用why
The
reason
was
that
you
don’t
trust
her.?
He
was
sent
to
the
hospital.
That’s
because
he
was
ill.?
He
was
ill.
That’s
why
he
was
sent
to
the
hospital.?
表语从句的语法规则
1.He
is
careless
and
irresponsible.
That
was
_______
he
was
fired.
2.He
was
fired.
That
was
_________
he
is
careless
and
irresponsible.
3.
The
reason
_______
he
was
fired
was
________
he
was
careless
and
irresponsible.
why
because
why
that
即学即练
EXAMPLE
What
Was
it
that
John
Snow
showed
to
the
world?
What
John
Snow
showed
to
the
world
was
how
cholera
could
be
overcome.
1.
What
was
Snow’s
discovery
in
two
particular
streets
in
London?
Snows
discovery
in
two
particular
streets
in
London
was
that_____________________________________________
more
than
500
people
died
in
ten
days.
P5
2.
Answer
the
following
questions
using
the
information
from
the
reading
passage
as
well
as
the
predicative
clauses.
2.
What
was
Snow
determined
to
find
out
during
the
1854
outbreak
of
cholera
in
London?
What
Snow
was
determined
to
find
out
was
why
_________________________________________________
3.
What
were
the
exact
places(Snow
marked
on
the
map?)
The
exact
places
Snow
marked
on
the
map
were
where____________________________________________
4.
What
was
the
finding
that
Snow
announced?
Snow's
finding
was
that_____________________________
________________________________________________
the
cholera
outbreak
was
so
severe
in
the
two
particular
streets.
all
those
who
died
had
lived
the
pump
water
carried
cholera
germs..
P5
3.
David
is
talking
to
Maria
about
their
scientific
research
project.
First
complete
David's
lines
(A-E,
using
the
words
in
the
box.
Then
put
David's
lines
in
the
correct
order
and
practice
the
conversation.
A:
Absolutely
!
You
may
not
believe
it,
but
that
was
___________
happened
at
the
initial
stage
of
our
group's
research
on
developing
a
vaccine
for
malaria.
B:Yes,
it
is.
And
it
seemed____________all
the
theories
were
useful,
but
the
fact
was_________we
couldn't
persuade
one
another
that
one
theory
was
better
than
another.
C:Exactly
The
problem
was
not
about__________all
our
theories
were
equally
good,
but
in
deciding.________theory
to
depend
upon.
D:We
realised
that
what
we
cared
about
was
not____________aspect
we
needed
to
develop
a
theory
in,
but
rather
_____________we
can
reduce
the
cost
of
a
vaccine
without
reducing
its
effect!
E:
You're
right.
At
last,
we
became
focused
on
the
key
issue,
which
was
_________we
had
to
Cary
out
the
research
in
the
first
place.
as
if
that
what
who
when
How
why
whose
which
whether
Maria:
This
mix
of
theory
and
data
is
one
of
the
key
characteristics
of
what
we
call
science.
David:__A_____
Maria:
With
your
theoretical
framework?
David:__________________
Maria:
Deciding
on
a
theory
is
definitely
of
critical
importance.
David:_________________
Maria
This
was
when
you
should
have
calmed
down
and
got
down
to
doing
some
sold
work.
David:_________________
Maria:
So
what
happened
in
the
end?
David:__________________
Reading
for
Writing：
write
about
what
makes
a
great
scientist
钱学森（1911-2009）
，享誉海内外
的杰出科学家，我国导弹、原子弹和人
造卫星研究领域的开拓者，航天科学的奠基人。1991年国务院、中央军委授予他“国家杰出贡献科学家”荣誉称号和“一级英雄模范奖章”，
以表彰他对我国科技事业作出的杰出贡献。1999年中共中央、国务院、中央军委作出决定，授予钱学森“两弹一星功勋奖章”。
史蒂芬·霍金
Stephen
Hawking
（1942-2018）
，
英国著名物理学家、宇宙学家、数学家。生前曾在英国剑桥大学担任卢卡斯数学教授（国际数学领域极具声望的教授职衔），
被认为是继爱因斯坦之后最杰出的理论物理学家之一。1963年，21岁的霍金被诊断患有肌肉萎缩性侧索硬化症，
即运动神经细胞病，从此，霍金便不
断与疾病斗争、挑战自我、奉献社会，是人类身残志坚的典范。他著有《时间简史》
(A
Brief
History
of
Time)等著作，
对宇宙黑洞有独到的见地和研究。
Fast-reading
The
text
is
mainly
about
______________
_________________________________________
______________________.
the
brief
introduction
of
Qian
Xuesen
and
Stephen
Hawking.
THE
FATHER
OF
CHINA’S
AEROSPACE
Para
1
THE
FATHER
OF
CHINA’S
AEROSPACE
Perhaps
no
other
scientist
has
had
a
greater
impact
on
China’s
aerospace
science
than
Qian
Xuesen.
Described
by
the
authors
of
the
Story
of
Qian
Xuesen
as
a
man
with
"great
scientific
thought
and
scientific
spirit"
who
was
patriotic
and
served
his
homeland
with
effort,
achievement,
and
devotion,
Qian
was
an
extremely
well-respected
man.
Main
idea?
General
description
of
Qian
Xuesen.
the
father
of
China's
space
中国航天之父
no
other
scientist
没有其他科学家
have
a
great
impact
on
...对…有巨大影响
China’s
aerospace
science
中国航天科学
be
described
as...
叙述为…，形容为…，说成是…
the
authors
of
the
Story
of
Qian
Xuesen
《钱学森的故事》的作者们
a
man
with
great
scientific
thought
and
scientific
spirit
一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人
serve
one's
homeland
with
effort,
achievement
and
devotion
用努力、成就和奉献精神为自己的祖国服务
be
an
extremely
well-respected
man
一个非常受尊敬的人
the
father
of
China's
space
中国航天之父
no
other
scientist
没有其他科学家
have
a
great
impact
on
...对…有巨大影响
China’s
aerospace
science
中国航天科学
be
described
as...
叙述为…，形容为…，说成是…
the
authors
of
the
Story
of
Qian
Xuesen
《钱学森的故事》的作者们
a
man
with
great
scientific
thought
and
scientific
spirit
一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人
serve
one's
homeland
with
effort,
achievement
and
devotion
用努力、成就和奉献精神为自己的祖国服务
be
an
extremely
well-respected
man
一个非常受尊敬的人
THE
FATHER
OF
CHINA’S
AEROSPACE
Perhaps
no
ot