牛津译林版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册Unit 4 Exploring poetry 讲义（下）（含答案）

◎课文语法填空
根据P44-45教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Poetry
is
a
1._______(combine)
of
“sound”
and
“sense”.
If
you
want
to
reveal
the
hidden
dimension,
the
following
methods
should
2._______(adopt).
First,
even
if
its
true
meaning
appears
to
be
3._______
your
grasp,
you
can
always
say
something
about
how
the
poem
sounds
when
you
read
it
aloud.
You
can
detect
a
rhythm,
repeated
words,
rhymes
and
other
special
effects.
Second,
approach
the
poem
as
if
you
4._______(be)
an
explorer
in
an
unfamiliar
landscape.
Ask
some
basic
questions
about
the
poem,
such
as
5._______
is
talking
and
who
is
being
talked
to
and
so
on.
Third,
be
6._______(patience)
if
you
are
struggling
to
interpret
the
meaning
of
a
poem.
Set
the
poem
aside
and
come
back
to
it
later,
then
you
can
make
your
great
discovery.
Poems
that
7._______(constant)
reveal
deeper
and
previously
unrecognized
meanings
are
more
interesting.
Finally,
when
you
abandon
logical
thinking,
you
can
discover
its
inner
beauty.
It
is
worth
8._______(make)
efforts
to
perceive
another
level
of
meaning.
Only
in
these
9._______(way)
can
you
enjoy
your
journey
of
the
poetry,
because
poetry’s
combination
of
“sound”
and
“sense”
makes
you
see
the
world
in
a
new
way
and
allows
you
10._______(go)
beyond
normal
reality
for
the
everlasting
beauty.
【答案】1.
combination
2.
be
adopted
3.
beyond
4.
were
5.
who
6.
patient
7.
constantly
8.
making
9.
ways
10.
to
go
语言知识初探
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
_________
n.
小说家→_________
n.（长篇）小说
adj.
新奇的
_________
n.
工业化→_________
n.
工业；行业→_________
adj.
工业的；产业的
_________
n.
看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心→_________
v.
相信；认为真实→_________
adj.
可信的
_________
vt.
是……的特征，以……为典型；使……具有特点；描述，刻画→_________
n.
特性；品质；符号；人物→_________
n.
特点；特性；品质
adj.
典型的；特有的
_________
adj.
荣耀的，光荣的；壮丽的，辉煌的→_________
n.
光荣；荣誉；赞颂；壮丽
_________
n.
稳定（性），稳固（性）→_________
adj.
稳定的；沉稳的→_________
adv.
稳定地
_________
adj.
宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的→_________
n.
宽容；容忍；忍耐力→_________
v.
容忍，允许
_________
adj.
典型的，有代表性的
n.
典型人物，代表性人物；代表→_________
vt.
展现；展示；代表→_________
n.
描述；表现
_________
vt.
&
vi.
深深吸引，迷住→_________
adj.
极感兴趣的；入迷的→_________
adj.
迷人的→_________
n.
魅力；极大的吸引力；入迷
根据提示补全下列短语
be
representative
of
...
代表某人/某物，是某人/某物的代表
keep
one’s
head
保持头脑清醒
contribute
to
...
导致；促成；捐款；投稿
familiarize
oneself
with
...
谙熟于心
the
majority
of
...
大多数的
be
characterized
by
...
以......为特色
be
rooted
in
...
植根于……
for
fear
of
...
唯恐……
stick
out
醒目，突出
in
one's
eyes
在某人看来
重点知识点解析
advocate
vt.
拥护，支持，提倡
n.
[C]
拥护者，支持者
(教材P48)
Instead,
they
advocated
going
back
to
nature.
相反，他们提倡回归自然。
【用法详解】advocate
(doing)
sth.
提倡（做）某事，主张（做）某事
advocate
+that从句
提倡/主张……（从句谓语用“should+动词原形”）
an
advocate
of/for
...
……的拥护者/支持者
如：Many
experts
advocate
rewarding
your
child
for
good
behaviour.
很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。
The
report
advocated
that
all
buildings
(should)
be
fitted
with
smoke
detectors.
报告主张所有的建筑物都应安装烟火探测器。
an
advocate
for/of
hospital
workers
医院工作人员的支持者
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
1.
他提倡把学生按能力分班，因需施教。
He
advocates
streaming(stream)
children,
and
educating
them
according
to
their
needs.
2.
He
was
an
advocate
of
universal
suffrage
as
a
basis
for
social
equality.
他提倡普选权，认为这是社会公平的基础。
知识要点2
belief
n.
[sing.,
U]
看法，信念；[C,
usu
pl.]
信仰;；[U]
相信，信心
(教材P48)
The
poets
also
wrote
about
individual
feelings
and
beliefs.
诗人们也写自己的感情和信念。
【用法详解】beyond
belief
令人难以置信
have
belief
in
...
相信……；对……怀有信心
belief
+that从句同位语从句
……看法；……信念
religious/political
beliefs
宗教/政治信仰
如：I
admire
his
passionate
belief
in
what
he
is
doing.
我佩服他对自己的工作所抱的坚定信心。
belief
in
God/democracy
对上帝/民主的笃信
She
acted
in
the
belief
that
she
was
doing
good.
她这么做是因为她认定自己是在做好事。
Contrary
to
popular
belief,
he
was
not
responsible
for
the
tragedy.
同大家的看法相反，对这出悲剧没有责任。
There
is
a
general
belief
that
things
will
soon
get
better.
大家普遍认为情况很快就会好转。
【归纳拓展】词性转换：
disbelief
n.
[U]
不信，怀疑
常见搭配
in
disbelief
怀疑地
（2）believe
v.
相信；认为……为实
→believable
adj.
可信的
→unbelievable
adj.
难以置信的
如：He
stared
at
me
in
disbelief.
他满腹疑惑地盯着我。
Her
explanation
certainly
sounded
believable.
她的解释听起来的确可信。
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
This
book
is
full
of
believable(believe),
interesting
characters.
(2021届高三苏北七市三模)
In
a
Chinese
garden,
a
strong
belief
in
a
sense
of
unity
with
nature
is
required.
知识要点3
claim
v.,
n.
(教材P50)
And
having
perhaps
the
better
claim
...
显得更诱人、更美丽……
【用法详解】(1)n.
[C]
声称，断言；索款，索赔
常见搭配
put
in/make
a
claim
for
...
提出……的赔偿要求；要求……的赔偿
如：You
can
make
a
claim
on根据
your
insurance
policy.
你可按保险单索赔。
to
put
in
a
claim
for
an
allowance
提出领取津贴的要求
【用法详解】(2)vt.
声称，宣称，断言
常见搭配
claim
that
...
声称……
claim
to
do
sth.
声称做某事
如：He
claims
(that)
he
was
not
given
a
fair
hearing.
他声称他未得到公正的申述机会。
I
don't
claim
to
be
an
expert.
我不敢自称为专家。
【用法详解】(3)vt.
&
vi.
索要，索取；vt.
认领，索取
常见搭配
claim
sth.
from
sb.
(for
sth.)
（因……）向某人索要……
claim
sth.
back
索回某物
如：She
claimed
damages
from
the
company
for
the
injury
she
had
suffered.
她因受伤向公司要求获得损害赔偿金。
【用法详解】(4)vt.（灾难、事故等）夺走，夺去（生命）
如：The
car
crash
claimed
three
lives.
那次撞车事故导致三人死亡。
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
You
can
claim
back
the
tax
on
your
purchases.
你可以要求退回购物时缴纳的税款。
He
claimed
that
it
was
all
a
conspiracy
against
him.
他声称这一切都是一场针对他的阴谋。
I
make
no
claim自认为不……
to
understand(understand)
modern
art.
我自认为不懂现代艺术。
知识要点4
tolerant
adj.
宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的
(教材P54)
This
open
and
tolerantinclusive
atmosphere
allowed
Li
Bai
the
liberty
to
develop
a
free
and
unconstrained
personality,
which,
in
turn继而；反过来；依次,
had
a
huge
impact
on
his
poetic
production.
这种开放而包容的氛围，使李白得以率性放达，养成了自由不羁的性格，进而极大地影响了他的诗歌创作。
【用法详解】be
tolerant
of
...
容忍，忍受；（植物、动物、机器）对……有耐受性
如：They
need
to
be
tolerant
of
different
points
of
view.
他们需要容忍不同的观点。
The
plants
are
tolerant
of
frost.
这些植物耐霜。
【归纳拓展】词性转换：
（1）tolerance
n.
宽容；容忍；忍耐力
（2）tolerate
v.
容许，允许（不同意或不喜欢的事物）；vt.
容忍，包容（=put
up
with
...）；vt.
耐……
常见搭配
tolerate
doing
sth.
容忍/容许做某事
如：She
refused
to
tolerate
being
called
a
liar.
她拒不接受被称为撒谎者。
知识要点5
distinguish
v.
(教材P54)
Equally
impressive
is
Li
Bai’s
free
expression
of
strong
feelings,
which
breathes
vitality
into
the
lifeless
objects
he
describes,
and
which
distinguishes
him
from
other
landscape
poets.
同样令人叹服的是李白对强烈情感的恣意抒发，笔下万物都被赋予灵性，这也让他与其他的山水诗人迥然有别。
【用法详解】(1)vt.
成为……的特征，使有别于；vt.
&
vi.
区分，分清
常见搭配
distinguish
A
from
B
=distinguish
between
A
and
B
区分A和B
如：At
what
age
are
children
able
to
distinguish
between
right
and
wrong?
儿童到什么年龄才能明辨是非？
It
was
hard
to
distinguish
one
twin
from
the
other.
很难分辨出一对孪生儿谁是谁。
What
was
it
that
distinguished
her
from
her
classmates?
是什么使得她有别于班上其他同学呢？
【用法详解】(2)vt.
使出众；使著名；使受人青睐
常见搭配
distinguish
oneself
(as/by
sth.)
（作为/因……）杰出，著名
如：She
has
already
distinguished
herself
as
an
athlete.
作为运动员她已享有盛名。
【用法详解】(3)vt.
看清；认出；听出（不用于进行时）（=make
out）
如：I
could
not
distinguish
her
words,
but
she
sounded
agitated.
我听不清她说的话，但听得出她很紧张不安。
【归纳拓展】词性转换：
（1）distinguishable
adj.
隐约可辨的；可区分的
（2）distinguished
adj.
著名的。杰出的；高贵的
常见搭配
be
distinguished
for
sth.
=be
famous
for
sth.
因……而著名
如：He
is
distinguished
for
his
knowledge
of
physics.
他因物理学方面的渊博学识而闻名于世。
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
The
Chinese
nation
is
distinguished
for
its
diligence
and
courage.
中华民族以勤劳勇敢著称。
The
male
bird
is
distinguished
from
the
female
by
its
red
beak.
雄鸟喙呈红色，有别于雌鸟。
知识要点6和7
owe，debt
(教材P54)
Generations
of
poets,
both
in
China
and
abroad,
owe
a
debt
to
his
inspirational
poems.
他的诗篇滋养着中国乃至海外一代又一代诗人。
【用法详解】(1)owe
vt.
欠（债、账、情等）；归功于，归因于
常见搭配
owe
sb.
sth.
=owe
sth.
to
sb.
欠（债），欠（账），欠（情）；归因于，归功于……
如：She
still
owes
her
father
￡3
000.
=She
still
owes
￡3
000
to
her
father.
她还欠她父亲3
000英镑。
You
owe
me
a
favour!
你还欠我个人情呐！
I
think
you
owe
us
an
explanation.
我认为你应当给我们一个解释。
He
owes
his
success
to
hard
work.
他的成功是靠勤奋工作。
【用法详解】(2)debt
n.
[C,
usu.
sing.]
人情债，情义，恩情；[U]
负债情况；[C]
债务，欠款
常见搭配
owe
a
debt
of
gratitude
to
sb.
感激某人；欠某人的情
be
in
sb.'s
debt
欠某人的人情债；受某人的恩惠；感激某人
be
in
debt
负债（强调状态）
?be
out
of
debt
不负债（强调状态）
go/get/run/fall
into
debt
陷入债务之中（强调动作）
get/stay
out
of
debt
摆脱债务，不负债（强调动作）
pay
off
one’s
debts
还清某人的债务（强调动作）
如：I
owe
a
debt
of
gratitude
to
all
my
family.
我很感激我的全家人。
I
need
to
pay
off
all
my
debts
before
I
leave
the
country.
我得在离开该国前偿清所有债务。
We
were
poor
but
we
never
got
into
debt.
我们穷是穷，但从不负债。
He
died
heavily
in
debt.
他死时负债累累。
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
I
know
I
shall
feel
forever
in
her(she)
debt.
People
used
to
recoil
from
the
idea
of
getting(get)
into
debt.
I
think
we
are
owed(owe)
an
apology.
我认为得有人向我们道歉。
知识要点8
blame
vt.
责备；谴责，把……归咎于
n.
[U]
责任，责备
(教材P55)
If
you
can
keep
your
head
when
all
about
you
/
Are
losing
theirs
and
blaming
it
on
you;
如果周围的人失去理智，纷纷责难于你，而你能淡定处之；
【用法详解】blame
sth.
on
sb./sth.
把某事归咎于某人/某事
blame
...
for
(doing)
sth.
因（做）某事责备……
be
to
blame
for
(doing)
sth.
因（做）某事应受责备；对（做）某事负有责任不定式用主动形式表被动含义
take/bear
the
blame
for
sth.
承担某事的责任
lay/put
the
blame
(for
sth.)
on
...
把（某事的）责任归咎于……
如：Police
are
blaming
the
accident
on
dangerous
driving.
警方把事故原因归咎于危险驾驶。
Which
driver
was
to
blame
for
the
accident?
哪位司机是此次事故的肇事者？
Why
do
I
always
get
the
blame
for
everything
that
goes
wrong?
为什么出了事总是让我背黑锅？
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
If
their
forces
were
not
involved,
then
who
is
to
blame(blame)?
She
doesn't
blame
anyone
for
her
father's
death.
◎单元重点语法—非谓语动词
非谓语动词常指动词不定式、动词-ing和动词-ed形式，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。见下表：
主语谓语宾语表语定语状语补语插入语不定式√√√√√√√动名词（动词-ing）√√√√分词
（动词-ing、动词-ed）√√√√√
非谓语动词作主语（主宾不过分：分词<尤其是过去分词>不作主语或宾语）
不定式作主语：指具体的一次性的动作（通常会用it作形式主语）
→表将来含义
结构一：It
is/was
+
adj.
+
(for/of
sb)
+
to
do
sth.
结构二：It
is/was
+
a/an
+
n.
+
to
do
sth.
结构三：It
takes/took
+
(sb)
+
time/courage/patience,
...
+
to
do
sth.
It
requires/required
courage/patience/hard
work,
...
+
to
do
sth.
动名词做主语：指一般的或抽象的多次性的动作，时间概念不强
(1)常用句型：
结构一：It
is
+
adj.(eg.
good,
funny,
nice,
worthwhile,
interesting,
etc)
+
doing
sth.
结构二：It
is
no/any/some
good/use
(in)
doing
sth.
结构三：There
is
no
point/use/good
(in)
doing
sth.
结构四：There
is
no
doing
sth.
“禁止做……”
(2)动名词的复合结构（注意时态和语态）：
形容词性物主代词
+
动名词
名词所有格
+
动名词
如：Their
coming
to
help
was
a
great
encouragement
to
us.
Mike’s
returning
to
work
is
a
great
help
to
us.
注意
Doing
+
谓语动词
+
其他.
It
+
谓语动词
+
...
+
to
do
sth.
（80%）
非谓语动词作宾语
不定式作宾语
作及物动词的宾语（从一而终：动词形式后加to
do作宾语，其名词形式后也是加to
do）
(1)决心学会想希望，拒绝没法愿假装；主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
decide/determine,
learn,
want,
expect/hope/wish
refuse,
manage,
desire,
pretend
offer,
promise,
choose,
plan
agree,
ask/beg,
help
如：He
hopes
to
go
to
university
next
year.
他盼望来年上大学。
She
finally
decided
to
give
up
the
job.
她最后决定放弃那项工作。
(2)it作形式宾语，构成“及物动词
+
it
+
adj./n.
+
(for
sb)
+
to
do
sth”结构，这类及物动词常见的有：think,
find,
believe,
feel,
make,
consider。如：
Her
foreign
identity
makes
it
hard
(for
her)
to
find
a
job
here.
作介词的宾语：不定式通常不作介词的宾语，但可在except和but后作宾语（前有“do”，后无“to”）；若在
除二者之外的介词后作宾语，通常会加上特殊疑问词（宾语从句的省略）。如：
They’re
talking
about
how
to
get
there.
We
have
no
choice
but
to
wait.
We
have
nothing
to
do
but
wait.
动名词作宾语
作及物动词的宾语
考虑建议盼原谅（consider,
suggest/advise,
look
forward
to,
excuse/pardon）
承认推迟没得想（admit,
delay/put
off,
fancy）
避免错过继续练（avoid,
miss,
keep/keep
on,
practise）
否认完成就欣赏（deny,
finish,
enjoy/appreciate）
禁止想象才冒险（forbid,
imagine,
risk）
不禁介意准逃亡（can’t
help,
mind,
allow/permit,
escape）
难以忍受始反对（can’t
stand,
set
about,
object
to）
想要成功坚持忙（feel
like,
succeed
in,
stick
to/insist
on,
be
busy）
习惯放弃有困难（be
used/accustomed
to,
give
up,
have
difficulty/trouble/problems
）
导致专心防道款（lead
to,
devote
to,
prevent/stop/keep
sb/sth
from,
apologize
for）
be
surprised
at
对……感到惊讶
be
proud
of
以……为骄傲
be
afraid
of
害怕……
注意
①allow,
permit,
forbid,
advise等及物动词后直接加动名词（doing）作宾语；如果这些词后有名词或代词，则用to
do作宾语。如：allow
doing
sth.或allow
sb
to
do
sth.；
②大部分能加名词作宾语的及物动词，也能加动名词（doing）作宾语（但expect,
want等除外）；
③主动表被动：need/want/require
doing
=
need/want/require
to
be
done。
作介词的宾语：vi./adj.
+
介词短语
+
doing。其中，需特别注意介词to！
补充
含有介词to的固定搭配
admit
to,
be
equal
to,
devote
...
to,
get
down
to,
look
forward
to,
object
to,
stick
to,
take
to开始沉湎于……；养成……的习惯,
see
to,
attend
to,
lead
to,
pay
attention
to,
be/get
used/accustomed
to等。
3、动名词的复合结构作宾语（注意时态和语态）：
人称代词（宾格）+
动名词
形容词性物主代词
+
动名词
名词所有格
+
动名词
名词通格名词原形
+
动名词
如：①It
the
babysitter
can’t
come
tomorrow,
do
you
mind
Fred’s/his/him
being
left
alone
at
home,
sleeping?
②I
knew
nothing
about
the
window
being
open.
非谓语动词作表语
不定式表示将来或解释说明或动名词
→对称结构
注意
对于不定式，如果主语部分有实义动词“do”，则作表语的不定式通常省“to”。如：
The
only
thing
you
can
do
is
wait
and
see.
（前有“do”，后无“to”）
分词：exciting和excited
非谓语动词作定语
注意
完成式have
done,
to
have
been
done,
having
done,
having
been
done>不作定语！！
作前置定语（单个单词
→所以没有to
do）
→doing,
done
动名词（doing表功能，强调名词词性；没有being
done）
现在分词（doing表进行，强调动作；没有being
done）
过去分词（done表完成，强调动作）
注意
有些单个的过去分词在作定语时习惯后置，如：given,
left,
concerned有关的等。
作后置定语
→to
do,
to
be
done;
doing,
being
done;
done
不定式（表将来）
现在分词短语（doing表主动/进行；being
done表被动且进行，“正在被……”）
过去分词短语（done表被动且完成，“已经被……”）
解析
不定式作后置定语：
①中心词为抽象名词，由原本加不定式的及物动词或形容词派生而来。如：
be
able
to
do
...
→ability
to
do
...等。
提示
其中，中心词（ability）与to
do具有隐含的同位关系，即不定式解释说明中心词的内容，此类词还有means,
way等。
②中心词
+
不定式
(1)中心词逻辑主语
+
to
do（表主谓关系），如：
We
need
some
nurses
to
look
after
children.
（nurses→look
after
children）
(2)中心词逻辑宾语
+
to
do（表动宾关系），此结构为“主动表被动”。如：
I
have
some
heavy
bags
(for
me)
to
carry.
（some
heavy
bags←carry）
I
have
some
problems
(for
me)
to
deal
with.
（some
problems←deal
with）
注意
试比较以下2句话：
There
are
many
difficulties
to
handle.
→可在不定式前加“for
me”，说明困难是由“我”解决。
There
are
many
difficulties
to
be
handled.
→表示困难不是由“我”解决。
③中心词为不定代词，或被the
only/last/next/
...,
the
first等序数词或最高级修饰时。如：
I
have
no
pencil
to
write
with.
He
is
the
first
one
to
get
to
school.
注意
①非谓语动词为不及物动词，则只有现在分词的主动形式（过去分词表示动作已完成）；
②非谓语动词为及物动词，则有2种情况：
有名词或代词作宾语，用现在分词的主动形式。如：
They
live
in
a
room
facing
the
south.
若无宾语，则用被动语态。根据时态的不同，有3种情况：
The
meeting
to
be
held
is
very
important.
“将被举办的”
The
meeting
being
held
is
very
important.
“正在被举办的”
The
meeting
held
was
very
important.
“已被举办的”
非谓语动词作状语
不定式作状语
目的状语（句首/句中/句末通常不在“,”后）
结果状语：①表示出乎意料的结果，only
to
do
...
②too
...
to
do
和enough
...
to
do
注意
(1)too后面的形容词表示“愿意，乐意”等含义时，too相当于very，主语常为人，表肯定含义。如：
She
is
too/very
willing
to
help
him.
她很愿意帮助他。
(2)not/never
too
...
to
do表示肯定含义，意为“并不太……所以能”。如：
He
is
not
too太
old
to
do
the
work.
他并不是太老，所以能做这项工作。
(3)too
...
not
to
do意为“太……而不得不”，为双重否定（即肯定）。如：
He
is
too
angry
not
to
say
that.
他太生气了，不得不说出那样的话。
原因状语：be
+
表喜怒哀乐的adj.
+
to
do
...
分词作状语
现在分词形式一般式：doing,
being
done过去分词形式done完成式：having
done,
having
been
done作用作时间、条件、原因、结果、让步状语→状语从句
作方式、伴随状语→并列分句作用作时间、条件、原因、让步状语→状语从句
作方式、伴随状语→并列分句
分词的逻辑主语一般为句子的主语：主谓关系→现在分词，动宾关系→过去分词；
为使分词所表达的时间、让步、条件等更加明确，可以在非谓语前加适当的从属连词（如when/while,
although,
if,
unless等；省去“主语同”和“谓语be”），构成“从属连词＋分词”的结构（状语从句的省略），但as,
because,
since引导的原因状语从句等除外。如：
Although
(he
was)
living
miles
away,
he
attended
the
course.
注意
分词的完成式作状语，表示分词动作先于主句动作发生。如：
Having
sent
the
children
to
bed,
she
began
to
study.
（由主语定语态，由谓语定时态）
非谓语动词作补语（及物动词<五看三使两听一感觉一发现半帮助>、with复合结构）
不定式：表示全过程，或经常发生的动作
现在分词：动作正在进行
过去分词：和宾语是被动关系
独立主格结构
名词/代词主格
+分词adj./adv./介词短语There/It
being
+
n./代/adj.
With(out)
复合结构
√小试身手-用括号内词的适当形式填空
1.（湖南高考改编）When
the
clerk
saw
kind
face
wrinkled(起皱纹)
in
an
apologetic
smile,
she
stood
rooted
to
the
ground
_________(wonder)
whether
to
stay
or
leave.
2.（2018·江苏七市联考）The
village
evolved
into
major
e-commerce
center,
and
_________(review)
the
past,
the
villagers
owed
their
success
to
the
policy
of
reform
and
opening-up.
3.
Bill
suggested
_________(hold)
a
sports
meeting
the
next
month.
4.
（2019·江苏常州检测）The
study,
from
academics
at
Harvard,
claims
_________(produce)
the
first
clear
evidence
showing
that
when
temperatures
go
up,
school
performance
goes
down.
5.
Difficult
as
the
financial
problem
is
_________(solve),
we
believe
there
are
more
solutions
than
difficulties.
6.
More
highways
have
been
built
in
China,
_______(make)
it
much
easier
for
people
to
travel
from
one
place
to
another.
7.
Laura
was
away
in
Paris
for
over
a
week.
When
she
got
home,
there
was
pile
of
mail
_________(wait)
for
her.
8.
_________(be)
a
shy
girl,
she
never
dares
to
speak
in
public.
9.
Passengers
are
permitted
_________(carry)
only
one
piece
of
luggage
to
the
plane.
10.（2019·天津七校联考）I
couldn’t
make
sense
of
the
passage.
You
must
have
left
out
some
important
information
while
_________(copy)
it.
11.（2019·天津七校联考）_________(lose)
his
school
uniform
in
the
stadium,
David
rushed
back
to
get
it
and
an
acquaintance
had
taken
it
away.
12.
We’ve
had
a
good
start,
but
next,
more
work
needs
_________(do)
to
achieve
the
final
success.
13.
_________(ask)
to
work
overtime
that
evening,
I
missed
a
wonderful
film.
14.
_________(expose)
to
the
sunlight
for
too
much
time
will
do
harm
to
your
skin.
15.（2018·浙江读后续写改编）My
dad
and
spent
the
night
in
the
guestroom
of
the
farm
house
listening
to
the
frogs
and
water
_________(roll)
down
the
river
nearby.
16.
Lionel
Messi,
_________(set)
the
record
for
the
most
goals(进球)
in
calendar
year,
is
considered
the
most
talented
football
player
in
Europe.
17.
That
is
the
only
way
we
can
imagine
_________(reduce)
the
overuse
of
water
in
students’
bathrooms.
18.
Please
let
me
_________(know)
where
the
meeting
is
_________(hold)
tomorrow.
19.
_________(lack)
the
support
of
the
banks,
Mike
managed
to
save
his
company
with
the
help
of
his
friends.
20.
It’s
no
use
_________(worry)
about
it.
You
can’t
do
anything
to
change
it.
【答案】1.
wondering
2.
reviewing
3.
holding
4.
to
have
produced
5.
to
solve
6.
making
7.
waiting
Being
9.
to
carry
10.
copying
11.
Having
lost
12.
doing
13.
Having
been
asked
14.
Being
exposed
15.
rolling
16.
having
set
17.
to
reduce
18.
know;
to
be
held
19.
Lacking
20.
worrying
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
(industrial)
is
the
way
to
solve
these
economic
problems.
2.
The
World
Economic
Forum's
report
has
some
(strike)
findings
on
how
we
will
work
in
the
future.
3.
It's
easy
to
find
Robert.
His
height
distinguishes
him
other
boys
.
4.
Qiu
Ying
is
a
(represent)
painter
in
the
Ming
Dynasty.
5.
We
know
that
carbon
emission
from
human
activities
are
partly
(blame)
for
global
warming.
【答案】1.
Industrialization
2.
striking
3.
from
4.
representative
5.
to
blame
II.
完成句子
1.
有时候读诗可能是一辈子的事情。
Sometimes
can
be
a
lifelong
job.
2.
只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟，或者让你发现另一层含义，你的努力就是值得的。
_______
_______
_______
the
journey
of
poetry
reading
_______
_______
_______
something
or
lets
you
perceive
another
level
of
meaning,
it
will
have
been
worth
your
effort.
3.
那是一个许多画家、音乐家、小说家和诗人用新且不同的方式看待世界的时代。
many
painters,
musicians,
novelists
and
poets
looked
at
the
world
in
new
and
different
ways.
4.
浪漫主义者的目标是破除18世纪的理想：他们拒绝遵循死板的规则，相反，他们把重点放在想象和感情、对自然的热爱和回归过去的重要性上。
The
aim
of
the
Romantics
was
_______
_______
_______
the
ideals
of
the
18th
century:
they
refused
_______
_______
_______
_______.
Instead,
they
put
emphasis
on
the
importance
of
imagination
and
feeling,
the
love
of
nature
and
a
return
to
the
past.
5.
但我知道路径延绵无尽头,恐怕我难以再回返。
Yet
knowing
how
way
leads
on
to
way,
doubted
.
6.
据信这首诗是李白少年时写的。
_______
_______
_______
_______
this
poem
was
written
by
Li
Bai
in
his
teenage
years.
7.
这首早期的诗歌在表达方式上具有引人注目的想象力，如“恐惊天上人”，它已经显示出一种浪漫主义风格的迹象，这成为后来李白诗歌的特色。
With
striking
imagination
in
expressions
like
“scaring
dwellers
on
high”,
this
early
poem
already
displayed
signs
of
a
romantic
style,
.
8.
受对冒险和旅行的强烈渴望的驱使，李白在二十出头的时候离开了家，开始四处旅行。
,
Li
Bai
left
home
and
started
to
travel
around
.
9.
在旅途中，他游览了名山大川，见识了不同的风俗习惯。
During
his
travels,
he
visited
famous
mountains
and
great
rivers,
.
【答案】1.
reading
a
poem
2.
As
long
as;
makes
you
feel
3.
It
was
a
time
when
4.
to
break
with;
to
follow
rigid
rules
5.
if
I
should
ever
come
back
6.
It
is
believed
that
7.
which
was
later
to
characterize
Li
Bai’s
poetry
8.
Driven
by
a
burning
desire
for
adventure
and
travel;
in
his
early
twenties
9.
encountering
different
customs
and
practices
III.
阅读理解
A
To
increase
awareness
of
aging
problems
in
the
International
community,
the
United
Nations
established
Oct.
1
as
the
International
Day
of
Older
Persons
in
1991.
Many
countries
also
have
their
own
special
days
or
festivals
to
honor
senior
citizens.
Let's
take
a
look
at
how
some
countries
celebrate
Seniors'
Day
around
the
world.
The
Republic
of
Korea
The
Republic
of
Korea
established
May
8
as
its
Mothers'
Day
in
1956,
and
then
the
day
was
made
into
Parents'
Day
in
1973.
It's
a
major
festival
in
the
country.
On
this
day,
children
always
make
greeting
cards
and
prepare
flowers
and
gifts
for
their
parents.
Children
also
salute
their
parents
in
a
traditional
manner
during
visits
and
then
present
the
flowers
and
gifts.
After
that,
they
will
sit
with
their
parents
for
a
talk.
The
United
States
The
first
Sunday
after
Labor
Day（which
is
the
first
Monday
in
September）was
set
as
National
Grandparents
Day
in
1978,
when
Jimmy
Carter
was
president.
On
this
day,
many
communities
in
the
US
will
hold
various
activities
for
the
elderly.
As
Americans
love
traveling,
many
seniors
also
plan
a
trip
together.
Canada
Seniors'
Day,
which
is
called
Laughter
Day,
falls
on
June
21
each
year
in
Canada.
On
this
day,
children
may
not
present
precious
souvenirs
or
delicious
food
to
the
seniors,
instead
they
bring
humor
and
laughter.
As
for
Canadians,
laughter
is
the
best
present
for
older
people.
Poland
Poland
also
has
Grandparents
Festival,
with
the
Grandmother
Festival
on
Jan.
21
and
the
Grandfather
Festival
on
Jan.
22.
On
these
two
days,
students
in
kindergartens
and
primary
schools
will
invite
their
grandparents
to
school
and
children
will
give
them
gifts
to
show
respect.
In
addition,
young
parents
will
take
their
children
to
visit
their
grandparents.
In
which
country
does
Seniors’
Day
come
first
every
year?
A.
The
Republic
of
Korea.
B.
The
United
States.
C.
Canada
.
D.
Poland.
22.
What
are
the
elderly
in
the
US
most
probably
doing
on
Seniors'
Day?
A.
Holding
various
activities.
B.
Traveling
together.
C.
Talking
with
children.
D.
Visiting
schools.
23.
What
do
the
seniors
in
Canada
value
most
on
Seniors'
Day?
A.
Precious
souvenirs.
B.
Delicious
food.
C.
Greeting
cards.
D.
Humor
and
laughter.
B
Natural
selection
is
a
harsh
questioner
at
the
best
of
times.
But
if
you
were
a
bird,
there
would
be
an
extra
question,
not
asked
so
forcefully
by
animals
that
cannot
fly:
"Is
that
extra
gram
of
weight
really
necessary?"
Contrary
to
the
insult（辱骂）
"bird-brained",
birds
are
not
notably（显著地）
more
stupid
than
mammals,
but
the
pressure
to
keep
organs（器官）
light
applies
to
the
brain
as
mush
as
it
does
to
anything
else.
For
the
past
century,
though,
birds
have
faced
a
new
enemy
that
might
require
them
to
get
smarter:
the
motor
car.
These
days,
cars
and
other
motorized
vehicles
kill
around
250m
birds
a
year.
That
sounds
like
a
significant
selective
pressure,
so
Anders
Moller,
an
evolutionary（进化论的）
biologist
at
the
Paris-Sud
University,
in
France,
decide
whether
it
really
was.
Dr
Moller's
hypothesis（假设）
was
that
avoiding
vehicles
needs
intelligence,
and
intelligence
needs
a
big
brain.
The
conclusion
of
this
syllogism（三段论）
is
that
small-brained
birds
are
more
likely
to
be
roadkill
than
large-brained
birds.
To
test
this
idea,
though,
he
needed
data
on
a
lot
of
dead
birds.
That
serendipity
plays
a
part
in
science
is
undeniable.
Kekule's
dream
about
carbon
atoms（原子）
dancing
in
rings
led
to
his
model
of
the
structure
of
benzene（苯）.
Dr
Moller's
serendipity
was
to
meet,
30
years
ago,
a
taxidermist
called
Johannes
Erritzoe.
Mr
Erritzoe
has
during
his
career,
exhaustively（详尽地）
recorded
details
of
the
specimens（标本）
that
have
passed
through
his
hands.
These
details
include
the
weight
of
the
internal
organs,
and
likely
causes
of
death,
of
3,
521
bird
specimens
of
25
species.
Since
they
meet,
Dr
Moller
and
Mr
Erritzoe
have
cooperated
on
many
papers.
This
time,
they
asked
whether
there
was
a
difference
between
the
weight
of
the
organs
of
birds
killed
by
traffic
and
of
those
that
had
died
of
other
causes.
They
found
that
the
smaller
a
bird's
brain
,
the
more
likely
it
was
to
have
been
roadkill.
Some
60%
of
the
smallest-brained
birds
Mr
Erritzoe
handled
had
died
this
way.
Among
the
largest-brained,
death
by
traffic
was
unheard
of
All
this
suggests
a
selective
pressure
on
birds
in
parts
of
the
world
with
lots
of
traffic
to
acquire
bigger
brains,
even
at
the
cost
of
the
extra
energy
required
to
keep
their
brains
airborne.
It
also
leads
to
a
prediction,
in
a
field
of
science
--
evolutionary
biology.
This
is
that
the
average
weight
of
bird
brains
may
rise
over
coming
decades.
Whether
anyone
with
Mr
Erritzoe's
enthusiasm
for
data
collection
will
provide
the
means
to
test
that
prediction
is,
though,
a
different
question.
24.
What
can
be
learned
from
the
first
two
paragraphs?
A.
Motor
cars
are
the
main
cause
of
bird
death.
B.
Both
humans
and
animals
need
light
organs.
C.
Birds
are
much
more
stupid
than
other
animals.
D.
Natural
selection
is
the
key
to
the
chance
of
survival.
25.
What
does
the
underlined
sentence
in
paragraph
4
imply?
A.
Great
discoveries
always
come
from
experiments.
B.
Experiments
are
really
a
necessary
part
of
science.
C.
Unexpected
discoveries
can
be
made
with
good
luck.
D.
Cooperation
does
contribute
to
scientific
achievements.
26.
Which
of
the
following
statements
may
Dr
Moller
and
Mr
Erritzoe
agree
with?
A.
Birds'
brain
size
determines
their
surviving
ability.
B.
Body
weight
plays
an
important
role
in
birds'
survival.
C.
The
largest-brained
birds
are
more
likely
to
be
roadkill.
D.
Light-bodied
birds
move
more
quickly
to
avoid
a
vehicle.
27.
What
is
the
prediction
in
evolutionary
biology
about?
A.
The
risk
of
being
killed
by
cars.
B.
The
trend
of
bird
brain
evolution.
C.
The
cost
of
the
extra
energy
required
to
evolve.
D.
The
need
to
be
protected
from
natural
enemies.
C
Rumors（谣言）：we've
all
heard
some
and
we've
all
spread
some.
In
more
traditional
times
they
shook
entire
families.
Today,
they
circulate（流传）
differently
because
the
way
we
share
information
has
also
changed.
The
fact
is
that
rumors
have
great
potential
to
upset
things,
whether
socially
or
personally.
We
don't
enjoy
being
on
the
receiving
end
of
one,
since
they
usually
don't
have
good
intentions.
They
are
somewhat
veiled（掩饰的）
messages.
Normally
rumors
are
oral
messages:
word
of
mouth.
The
paradox（自相矛盾）
is
that
there
is
no
evidence
to
support
rumors,
but
the
more
people
share
it,
the
more
they
see
it
as
true.
To
finish
defining（解释）
rumors,
we
think
that
they
follow
certain
very
clear
laws.
Secrecy:
The
source
is
unknown.
There
is
also
a
proven
phenomenon
that
human
beings
usually
forget
the
source
of
a
message
before
they
forget
its
content.
Certainty:
We
hardly
question
rumors
simply
because
of
the
mental
effort
involved.
On
the
other
hand,
no
one
likes
to
doubt
a
person
who
convinces
us
that
the
information
they
spread
is
true.
Change:
It
acts
like
a
tree.
New
rumors
branch
out
to
fill
in
the
gaps
left
by
the
initial（最初的）
rumor.
Another
property（属性）
of
rumors
is
that
they
tend
to
become
viral.
Each
receiver
is
at
the
same
time
a
potential
transmitter（传输者）
of
the
information.
The
receiver
often
adds
their
own
opinion.
Their
manner
and
tone
of
transmitting
it
also
changes
it.
How
can
we
end
rumors?
The
answer
is
as
simple
as
it
is
impossible:
preventing
people
from
communicating.
A
more
realistic
response
is
equally
difficult,
although
less
than
the
first
one.
It
is
that
we
should
be
critical（批判的）
of
the
information
we
receive.
We
should
ask
ourselves
if
the
source
is
reliable.
Ask（if
possible）the
person
you
heard
it
from
whether
they
also
trust
the
information.
We
should
also
think
about
if
the
rumor
benefits
someone,
and
if
that
someone
started
the
rumor.
One
rumor
to
be
especially
cautious
of
is
a
rumor
about
groups
relatively
unable
to
defend
themselves.
That's
why
we
say,
"history
is
always
told
by
the
victors（获胜者）."
The
first
payment
the
defeated
must
make
is
to
accept
the
victor's
version
of
the
story.
28.
What
can
we
learn
about
rumors?
A.
We
have
all
heard
some
and
believed
them.
B.
We're
happy
to
be
the
receiving
end
of
them.
C.
They
may
have
negative
influence
on
society.
D.
They
often
hide
good
intentions
in
the
messages.
29.
How
are
rumours
like
a
tree?
A.
Rumours
keep
changing,
just
as
trees
change
their
colour.
B.
Rumours
are
deeply
rooted
in
reality,
like
tree
roots
in
the
earth.
C.
New
rumours
have
gaps,
like
the
space
between
tree
branches.
D.
New
rumours
grow
out
of
the
original,
like
branches
out
of
a
trunk.
30.
What
does
the
underlined
word
''rival"
in
Para,
4
probably
mean?
A.
Something
easily
spread.
B.
Something
acceptable.
C.
Something
easily
defended.
D.
Something
beneficial.
31.
Which
of
the
following
may
the
author
agree
with?
A.
It
is
easy
to
prevent
people
from
spreading
rumors.
B.
People
are
often
active
in
judging
the
rumors
critically.
C.
We
should
think
about
the
hidden
message
of
the
rumors.
D.
Stories
told
by
the
victors
are
usually
better
worth
trusting.
D
Last
night,
I
went
to
see
The
Magic
Flute
at
the
Bavarian
State
Opera.
An
opera
in
two
acts,
The
Magic
Flute
is
famous
for
being
Mozart's
last
work,
which
he
composed
just
a
few
months
before
his
death.
This
is
the
story
of
Prince
Tamino,
the
three
ladies
of
the
Queen
of
the
Night
and
the
bird-catcher
Papageno.
In
ancient
times,
in
Egypt,
Prince
Tamino
is
attacked
by
a
big
serpent（蛇）.
But,
three
ladies,
who
are
the
servants
of
the
Queen
of
the
Night,
save
him.
The
three
ladies
show
him
a
portrait（画像）
of
the
queen's
daughter,
Pamina,
and
Tamino
falls
in
love
with
her
even
though
he
has
not
even
met
her.
The
Queen
of
the
Night
promises
her
daughter
to
him,
if
he
can
rescue
Pamina
who
has
been
enslaved
by
the
evil（邪恶的）
Sarastro.
Tamino
decides
to
rescue
her,
and
is
given
a
magic
flute
by
the
three
lady
servants.
There
is
a
man,
Papageno,
who
is
a
bird-catcher.
Incidentally（顺便说一下）,
he
follows
Tamino,
and
is
also
given
magic
bells
by
the
ladies.
By
the
power
of
the
magic
flute
and
bells,
Tamino
finally
gets
to
meet
Pamina.
They
fall
in
love
with
each
other
immediately.
In
fact,
Sarastro
is
not
an
evil
man,
but
a
high
priest（大祭司）.
He
has
protected
Pamina
from
her
mother
who
is
filled
with
a
strong
desire
to
dominate（统治）
the
world.
Sarastro
imposes（施加）
three
tests
on
Tamino
to
get
his
lover,
Pamina.
The
first
test
is
“Silence”.
When
Tamino
falls
silent,
Pamina
who
knows
nothing
fells
sorrow,
but
they
endure（经受住）
this
test.
The
second
test
is
"Fire".
and
the
third
test
is
"Water".
They
pass
these
tests
through
the
power
of
the
magic
flute.
In
addition,
Papageno
is
also
tested
to
get
his
unseen
lover.
Papageno
is
not
able
to
endure
the
tests,
but
is
rewarded
anyway
with
the
hand
of
his
ideal
female
companion
Papagena.
On
the
other
hand,
Pamina's
mother,
the
Queen
of
the
Night
is
furious.
She
tries
to
break
into
the
temple
of
Sarastro.
But,
she
is
driven
away
into
eternal（永久的）
night.
In
the
end,
Sarastro
blesses
Tamino
and
Pamina
for
passing
their
tests.
The
world
premiere（首次公演）
of
this
opera
was
actually
conducted
by
Mozart
on
the
30th
of
September
in
1791.
Papageno
was
played
by
Emanuel
Schikaneder,
the
principal
of
the
theater,
who
requested
Mozart
to
compose
this
opera.
This
opera
became
so
successful;
it
was
performed
100
times
that
year.
The
attractive
point
of
this
opera
is
having
a
lot
of
popular
melodies
and
Mozart's
music.
For
example,
two
arias（咏叹调）
sung
by
the
queen
of
the
Night
include
the
highest
notes
possible
in
music.
And,
the
duet（二重唱）
by
Papageno
and
Papagena,
"Pa
Pa
Pa",
is
a
very
amusing
song.
The
Magic
Flute
is
basically
a
tender
and
amusing
opera.
You
will
probably
enjoy
this
opera.
Prince
Tamino
makes
up
his
mind
to
rescue
Pamina
in
order
to
.
A.
get
married
to
her
B.
please
the
three
ladies
C.
return
the
favor
to
Sarastro
D.
move
the
Queen
of
the
Night
33.
What
can
we
learn
about
Sarastro
from
the
passage?
A.
He
has
been
dreaming
of
ruling
the
whole
world.
B.
He
has
finally
defeated
the
Queen
of
the
Night.
C.
He
protects
Pamina
from
being
harmed
by
her
mother.
D.
He
doesn't
support
the
marriage
between
Pamina
and
Tamino.
34.
The
underlined
word
“furious"
in
Paragraph
5
most
probably
means
“
".
A.
full
of
energy
B.
full
of
anger
C.
full
of
hope
D.
full
of
relief
35.
Which
part
of
the
opera
does
the
author
speak
highly
of?
A.
The
setting
of
the
opera.
B.
The
music
of
the
opera.
C.
The
theme
of
the
opera.
D.
The
characters
of
the
opera.
【答案】DBDDC
ABCDA
CACBB
IV.
七选五
A
dog's
mind
is
only
equal
to
that
of
a
two-year-old
baby.
61
Therefore,
they
are
probably
the
first
to
notice
any
change
in
the
behavior
of
their
masters.
Let's
do
some
deep-digging
to
understand
the
amazing
ability
of
a
dog.
They
sense
your
feelings.
Isn't
it
strange?
62
This
is
true.
A
study
published
in
the
Animal
Cognition
journal
says
that
dogs
are
known
to
come
to
people
who
appear
sad
or
depressed.
It
doesn't
matter
if
the
person
is
their
owner
or
a
stranger.
They
have
an
ability
to
sense
sadness
and
are
attached
to
troubled
souls.
63
Dogs
can
easily
tell
when
you're
playing
with
favorites,
and
if
you
reward
or
play
more
with
other
pets,
your
dog
might
notice
it
and
feel
uncomfortable.
As
they
can't
say
how
they
feel,
they
will
scratch,
yawn
or
lick
their
mouths.
They
smell
fear.
Let's
say
you're
faced
with
your
worst
fear.
Would
you
get
scared
and
run
away
or
just
face
it?
Before
choosing
how
to
deal
with
it,
you
should
remember
one
thing.
64
Research
shows
that
dogs
often
sense
their
masters'
responses
in
dangerous
situations,
If
you
fear
something
and
choose
to
back
away
chances
are
that
your
pet
is
going
to
do
the
same
thing.
They're
watching
you.
We
are
all
raised
as
respectable
individuals
who
are
taught
to
respect
elders,
obey
the
law
and
help
out
people
in
need
from
time
to
time.
65
But
if
you
have
a
dog
at
home,
it
is
time
to
be
serious
about
them.
Dogs
like
generous
people.
So
just
be
careful
around
your
pet;
it
may
judge
you
on
how
you
behave
with
others.
A.
They
sense
health
problems.
B.
They
understand
when
ignored.
C.
They
know
when
no
one's
looking
at
them.
D.
You
would
be
setting
an
example
to
your
pet
E.
Every
time
you
feel
sad,
your
dog
just
know
it.
F.
But
dogs
are
able
to
sense
everything
around
them.
G.
However,
not
all
of
us
take
these
three
things
seriously.
【答案】FEBDG
单元单词默写
_________
n.
小说家
_________
与某事终止关联，破除
_________
n.
理想；典范
adj.
完美的，理想的
_________
adj.
死板的，僵硬的；固执的，僵化的
_________
vt.
经历，经受
_________
n.
工业化
_________
vt.
拥护，支持，提倡
n.
拥护者，支持者；辩护律师
_________
n.
看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心
_________
n.
时代，年代
_________
n.
区，行政区；地区，区域
_________
vi.
分叉，岔开；分歧，相异；偏离
_________
vi.
&
vt.（使）拐弯，弯曲
n.
拐弯，弯道
_________
n.
声明，宣称；所有权；索赔
vt.
宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得
_________
vi.
&
vt.
踩，踏；踩碎，践踏；行走，步行
_________
n.
&
vi.
叹气，叹息
_________
adv.
因此，由此
_________
vi.
&
vt.
敢于，胆敢；激（某人做某事）
_________
n.
居民，居住者
_________
adj.
引人注目的，显著的；妩媚动人的，标致的
_________
vt.
是……的特征，以……为典型；使……具有特点；描述，刻画
_________
n.
儒家，儒学，孔子学说
_________
n.
道教，道家
_________
n.
传说，传奇故事；传奇人物
_________
vt.
偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到
n.
相遇，遭遇，冲突
_________
vt.
培养，助长；抚养，滋养
_________
adj.
众多的，许多的
_________
adj.
荣耀的，光荣的；壮丽的，辉煌的
_________
n.（贸易和经济活动的）激增，繁荣
vi.
迅速发展，激增，繁荣昌盛
_________
n.
稳定（性）
_________
adj.
宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的
_________
n.
自由
_________
adj.
不受约束的，自由的
_________
n.
生命力，活力，热情
_________
vt.
&
vi.
成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众
_________
n.
夸张，夸大
_________
n.
暗喻，隐喻
_________
adj.
典型的，有代表性的
n.
典型人物，代表性人物；代表
_________
n.
霜；霜冻，严寒天气
_________
vt.
投射；向……投以（视线、笑容等）；投，抛；选派角色
n.
全体演员；投，抛
_________
vt.
欠（情）；欠（债）
_________
n.
人情债,情义,恩情；借款,欠款,债务
_________
vt.
&
vi.
深深吸引，迷住
_________
vt.
给……命名；使享有权利，使符合资格
_________
vt.
把……归咎于，责怪，指责
n.
责任，责备，指责
_________
n.
津贴，补助；限额；零花钱
_________
体谅；考虑到，估计到
_________
n.
巨大成功，重大成就，伟大胜利
vi.
打败，战胜，成功
_________
n.
冒名顶替者，冒名行骗者
_________
adj.
棘手的；不饶人的，不宽容的
novelist
break
with
sth.
ideal
rigid
undergo
industrialization
advocate
belief
era
district
diverge
bend
claim
tread
sigh
hence
dare
dweller
striking
characterize
Confucianism
Taoism
legend
encounter
nourish
numerous
glorious
boom
stability
tolerant
liberty
unconstrained
vitality
distinguish
exaggeration
metaphor
representative
frost
cast
owe
debt
fascinate
entitle
blame
allowance
make
allowance
for
triumph
impostor
unforgiving