北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册单元测试AB卷 Unit 3 Conservation B卷 能力提升（含解析）

Unit
3
Conservation
B卷
能力提升
第一部分
阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节
（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
???
Scientists
and
marine
biologists(海洋生物学家)
had
something
to
celebrate
last
week
when
two
lost
humpback
whales(座头鲸)
returned
to
the
Pacific
Ocean.
Delta
and
Dawn—a
mother
and
a
baby—had
circled
the
Sacramento
Bay
area
for
two
weeks
before
going
back
to
the
ocean.
???
"We
all
shouted
loudly
like
'Yay'!"
said
Jim
Oswald,
a
spokesman
for
the
Marine
Mammal
Centre.
"It's
been
really
exciting."
???
The
humpback
whales
were
last
spotted
on
May
29
near
the
Golden
Gate
Bridge
in
San
Francisco,
California.
Scientists
are
sure
that
the
whales
swam
into
open
water
during
the
evening
of
May
29
or
early
the
next
morning,
since
there
have
been
no
further
sightings
of
the
whales.
Even
so,
boats
were
sent
out
to
look
for
them,
just
in
case
the
whales
made
another
wrong
turn.
???
Officials
spent
two
weeks
trying
to
get
the
whales
to
turn
back
towards
the
ocean.
Biologists
played
recordings
of
whale-feeding
as
well
as
unfamiliar
sounds
to
try
to
make
the
whales
head
back
to
the
Pacific
Ocean.
???
However,
Delta
and
Dawn
gave
scientists
an
unexpected
chance
to
study
humpback
whales
in
the
wild.
Scientists
were
able
to
gather
sound
recordings
and
watch
their
behaviours.
This
is
especially
exciting
because
humpback
whales
are
an
endangered
species.
What's
more,
scientists
don't
usually
have
the
chance
to
observe(观察)
them
in
their
natural
habitat.
???
"All
those
things
are
very
hard
to
get,"
said
Oswald.
"So
what
we
are
doing
is
filling
up
the
knowledge
blank
on
humpback
whales
in
the
wild."
Scientists
should
be
able
to
use
this
information
to
help
other
lost
whales
in
the
future.
1.Jim
Oswald
was
very
happy
because
___________________.
A.the
whales
travelled
to
Sacramento
Bay
B.he
found
the
lost
humpback
whales
C.the
scientists
held
a
great
celebration
D.the
whales
returned
to
the
Pacific
Ocean
2.In
order
to
make
the
whales
go
back
to
the
ocean,
biologists
_________________.
A.fed
them
with
other
animals
B.swam
into
open
water
C.played
music
for
them
D.played
strange
sounds
for
them
3.What's
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.Looking
for
the
Lost
Whales
B.Helping
the
Lost
Whales
C.The
Lost
Whales
Returned
D.Two
Whales
Were
Lost
B
??
Cao
Zhawa
has
been
planting
trees
for
most
of
his
life.
He
lives
and
works
in
the
heart
of
Mu
Us
Desert,
an
area
in
the
southwest
part
of
Inner
Mongolia.
???
In
1958,
when
he
was
just
16
years
old,
Cao
started
planting
trees.
Cao's
trees
now
cover
an
area
of
more
than
1.
3
million
square
metres.
Cao's
forest
is
worth
an
estimated
10
million
yuan
and
can
produce
100,000
kilograms
of
oxygen,
enough
to
sustain
a
full-grown
adult
for
nearly
a
year.
???
Mu
Us
Desert
is
one
of
the
places
in
China
most
affected
by
erosion
(侵蚀)
and
desertification.
The
amount
of
annual
rainfall
ranges
from
150
to
300
millimetres,
while
evaporation(蒸发)
between
2,000
and
3,000
millimetres.
Cao
recalls
that
his
growing-up
was
troubled
by
sandstorms.
This
was
one
of
the
factors
that
motivated
Cao
to
join
and
stay
on
the
tree-planting
programme.
???
Popularly
known
as
the
"Green
Great
Wall",
the
project,
which
is
set
for
completion
in
2050,
would
be
a
4,
800-kilometre
green
belt
of
trees
and
shrubs
(灌木)
protecting
the
area
from
strong
winds
and
preventing
soil
erosion.
Since
the
start
of
the
Three-North
Shelter
Forest
Programme,
millions
of
people
have
joined
in
and
become
a
vital
part
of
the
plan.
???
However,
the
tree-planters
face
a
host
of
challenges,
with
watering
the
most
difficult
among
them.
"When
I
was
young,
the
level
of
groundwater
was
high,"
said
Cao.
"But
with
less
rain,
the
trees
are
hard
to
plant
and
keep
alive."
???
Planting
trees
has
also
become
harder
for
Cao
as
he
ages.
However,
he
doesn't
want
to
leave
the
forest
in
the
care
of
his
children,
and
he
insists
the
land
belongs
to
the
government.
"When
I
die,
I
just
want
to
be
buried
under
the
trees,"
Cao
said.
"Then
I
will
be
with
them
forever."
1.By
listing
the
figures
in
Paragraph
2,
the
author
wants
to
_____________.
A.show
Cao
has
had
a
hard
life
B.praise
Cao
for
his
contribution
C.tell
us
how
much
oxygen
an
adult
needs
D.make
it
clear
that
Cao
has
made
a
fortune
2.Why
did
Cao
make
up
his
mind
to
plant
trees?
A.Evaporation
in
his
hometown
was
serious.
B.He
had
no
other
ways
to
earn
a
living.
C.He
found
it
a
pleasure
to
plant
trees.
D.Sandstorms
kept
striking
his
hometown.
3.What
does
Cao
Zhawa
most
care
about?
A.His
health.
B.His
wealth.
C.The
forest's
ownership
(所有权).
D.His
children's
future.
4.What's
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.An
Elder
in
the
Desert
B.A
Life
Devoted
to
Planting
Trees
C.Mu
Us
Desert
Requires
Forest
D.Cao
Zhawa—a
Peasant
with
a
Great
Dream
C
???
You
get
on
an
almost
empty
bus,
but
the
next
passenger
decides
to
ignore
all
the
empty
seats
to
sit
right
next
to
you.
While
you
are
waiting
in
line
at
the
supermarket,
the
next
customer
stands
just
behind
you
shouting
into
his
phone.
???
These
are
attacks
of
the
personal
space
invaders
(侵犯者).
Though
preferences
for
personal
space
differ
from
culture
to
culture,
we
Britons
do
love
our
independence
and
privacy(清静).
???
As
the
British
etiquette(礼仪)
website
Debrett's
puts
it,
as
a
British
person,
somebody
standing
too
close
may
make
you
"focus
less
on
what
somebody
is
saying
than
on
how
close
they
are
to
you".
Simple
acts
like
putting
an
arm
around
someone
you
don't
know
that
well
may
seem
friendly
in
China,
but
they
can
make
us
very
uncomfortable.
The

website
explains,
"The
British
are
not
back
slappers
(拍打者)
or
touchers
and
generally
do
not
show
affection(喜欢)
in
public."
???
Being
a
British
person
around
people
from
other
countries
can
therefore
be
full
of
problems.
People
from
many
European
countries
such
as
France
and
Spain
kiss
each
other
on
the
cheek
when
they
meet,
yet
to
us
this
seems
too
friendly
and
"touchy-feely".
???
Simple
matters
like
how
close
others
stand
can
be
problematic
to
Britons
who
want
to
keep
their
own
personal
space.
Giving
advice
on
how
to
behave
around
a
British
person,
Debrett's
says
that
"if
you
can
feel
the
warmth
of
their
worried
breath
upon
your
face,
then
you're
standing
too
close".
???
So,
are
British
people
unfriendly?
Far
from
it.
The

website
explains
that
we
are
not
as
"indifferent"
as
we
may
seem,
but
"very
friendly
and
helpful
to
foreigners".
However,
we
do
have
different
ideas
about
our
own
space
to
many
people
from
other
countries.
Just
let
us
know
if
you're
going
to
come
any
closer
than
arm's
length,
and
you'll
be
fine!
1.What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.How
to
make
friends
with
British
people.
B.Some
tips
on
British
table
manners.
C.Ways
in
which
British
people
show
affection.
D.British
people's
preference
for
personal
space.
2.According
to
the
text,
if
you
were
meeting
a
British
person
for
the
first
time,
it
would
be
polite
of
you
to________.
A.kiss
him/her
on
the
cheek
B.put
an
arm
around
him/her
C.keep
an
arm's
length
away
from
him/her
D.slap
his/her
back
or
shake
his/her
hands
3.What
does
the
underlined
word
"indifferent"
in
the
last
paragraph
mean?
A.Cold.
B.Modest.
C.Gentlemanlike.
D.Independent.
4.What
can
we
conclude
from
the
text?
A.British
people
like
to
sit
next
to
others
on
empty
buses.
B.British
people
are
helpful,
although
they
may
not
appear
to
be.
C.British
people
do
not
like
staying
with
other
Europeans.
D.British
people
are
happy
to
show
affection
in
public.
D
???
Plans
to
bring
wild
tigers
back
to
their
original
home,
their
historical
range
(历史分布范围)
in
the
Ili-Balkhash
region,
have
been
announced
by
Kazakhstan(哈萨克斯坦)
and
an
agreement
with
World
Wide
Fund
for
Nature(WWF)
to
conduct
a
tiger
reintroduction
programme
has
been
signed.
"It
will
not
only
bring
wild
tigers
back
to
their
original
home,
but
also
protect
the
unique
ecosystem
of
the
Ili-Balkhash
region,"
said
Askar
Myrzakhmetov,
the
Minister
of
Agriculture
of
the
Republic
of
Kazakhstan.
???
If
successful,
Kazakhstan
will
be
the
first
country
in
the
world
to
bring
wild
tigers
back
to
an
entire
region
where
they
have
died
out
for
nearly
half
a
century.
Tiger
reintroduction
projects
have
only
been
achieved
within
national
borders
and
in
areas
that
are
considered
current
tiger
habitats.
Kazakhstan's
tiger
reintroduction
programme
is
unique
and
it
badly
requires
the
restoration
of
a
vast
forest
that
is
part
of
the
wild
tigers
historical
range.
???
Since
the
beginning
of
the
20th
century,
wild
tigers
have
lost
over
90
percent
of
their
historical
range.
Wild
tigers
have
completely
disappeared
from
the
region
since
the
late
1940s,
due
to
the
loss
of
habitat.
To
prepare
for
the
return
of
wild
tigers,
on
1
st
January
2021
Kazakhstan
will
set
up
a
new
nature
reserve
in
the
southwestern
Ili-Balkhash,
in
order
to
restore
the
unique
forest
habitat.
This
will
include
the
protection
of
existing
wildlife,
and
reintroducing
important
prey
(猎物),
such
as
the
endangered
wild
Bactrian
deer.
???
Restoring
tigers
will
also
help
protect
Lake
Balkhash
and
prevent
it
from
repeating
the
fate
of
the
Aral
Sea,
formerly
the
world's
fourth
largest
lake
and
now
10
percent
of
its
original
size.
"The
hard
work
remains
ahead
of
us.
We
have
to
spare
no
effort
to
make
this
region
ready
for
tigers
and
involve
all
the
relevant
people
to
make
this
happen.
That
means
dealing
with
illegal
activities,
having
these
people
who
govern
parks
be
well
trained
and
equipped,
increasing
prey
populations
and
involving
local
communities,"
said
Ekaterina
Vorobyeva,
Director
of
the
WWF
programme.
1.What
is
Askar
Myrzakhmetov's
attitude
towards
the
tiger
reintroduction
programme?
A.Doubtful.
B.Favourable.
C.Concerned.
D.Disapproving.
2.What
made
the
wild
tigers
disappear
in
the
Ili-Balkhash
region?
A.The
increasing
loss
of
prey.
B.The
evolution
of
the
species.
C.The
lack
of
natural
living
places.
D.The
serious
environmental
pollution.
3.Which
measure
may
be
taken
for
the
reintroduction
of
tigers?
A.Regulating
human
activities.
B.Limiting
the
number
of
prey.
C.Building
a
reserve
for
tigers
only.
D.Training
tigers
to
be
more
adaptable.
4.What
is
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.Efforts
to
Restore
Forests
in
Kazakhstan
B.Bringing
Tigers
Back
Home
to
Kazakhstan
C.Attempts
to
Handle
Illegal
Activities
Effectively
D.Preventing
Tigers
Disappearing
in
Kazakhstan
第二节
（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Urban
Wildlife
???
Cities
are
diverse
ecosystems.
In
addition
to
visitors
from
the
wilderness,
a
large
number
of
species
share
our
urban
areas.
As
our
cities
spread,
we
need
to
think
about
what
it
is
like
for
other
species
to
have
human
neighbours.
???
Cities
are
built
for
humans.?①______
For
example,
most
city
parks
are
kept
neat
and
tidy
so
that
humans
will
find
them
beautiful.
But
when
we
cut
grass
or
plant
flowers,
we
destroy
natural
habitats.
????②______
When
a
bridge
in
Austin,
Texas
was
repaired,
engineers
added
small
gaps
running
along
the
length
of
its
bottom.
This
made
a
good
home
for
bats,
and
soon
the
bridge
was
the
home
of
thousands
of
bats.③______
Now,
they
have
come
to
value
their
winged
neighbours.
The
bats
are
a
tourist
attraction,
and
they
eat
lots
of
bugs
every
night.
???
There
are
also
structures
built
with
the
aim
of
bringing
wildlife
into
the
city.
The
Beijing
Olympic
Forest
Park
is
a
good
example.
The
park
has
used
native
plants
and
created
open,
natural
spaces
for
wildlife.
The
result
is
a
zone
in
Beijing
with
over
160
species
of
birds.
In
many
ways,
the
park
is
the
opposite
of
a
zoo.
④______
???
If
we
learn
to
share
our
space,
we
can
become
better
neighbours
to
the
wildlife
around
us.?⑤______
Our
own
future
will
be
in
danger
too.
???
A.They
are
built
to
protect
birds.
???
B.Our
actions
sometimes
help
other
species.
???
C.If
we
do
not,
more
species
will
become
extinct.
???
D.They
do
not
always
provide
suitable
habitats
for
wildlife.
???
E.Instead
of
being
kept
in
cages,
wildlife
can
move
about
freely.
???
F.At
first,
people
were
afraid
of
the
bats
and
tried
to
get
rid
of
them.
???
G.They
would
sit
on
it
and
their
droppings
would
fall
into
the
water.
第二部分
语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节
（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
???
My
two
sons
are
both
grown-ups
now.
They
are
32
and
27
years
old
this
year.
Yet
they
both
still
have
the
mind
of
children.
Autism(自闭症)
has
limited
their????
1???
?growth
and
they
still
need
to
be
looked
after
all
the
time.
When
I
was
a
boy,
the
term
used
for
people
like
my
sons
was
Mentally
Retarded.
By
the
time
I
was
an
adult
the
term
had?????2?????to
Mentally
Handicapped.?????3???
,
this
was
switched
again
to
Mentally
Challenged.?????4?????of
these
terms
truly
defined(定义)
them,
however.
???
These
days
the?????5?????term
is
Special
Needs.
I
like
this
one
better
than
the
older
ones,
because
it
is
more?????6???
.
My
sons
do
have
special
needs
but
they
also
have
special
gifts.
My
oldest
boy
may
only
be
able
to?????7?????certain
things.
But
when
he?????8?????people
by
name,
there
is
a
catching
happiness
in
his
mood
and
manner.
He
always?????9?????love
and
hugs
far
more
freely
than
I
do.
My
youngest
boy
is
???
10???
?in
his
own
world
most
of
the
time.
But
he
also
has
an
???
11???
?to
laugh
and
enjoy
life.
Often
after
he
finishes
crying,
his
happiness
will
immediately
return.
My
two
Special
Needs
sons
have
???
12???
?me
more
about
how
to
live
and
how
to
love
than
I
could
have
ever
learnt
on
my
own.
???
The
fact
is
that
all
of
us
in
life
have
special
needs.
All
of
us
also
have
special
gifts.
It
is
up
to
us
to
???
13???
?our
gifts.
It
is
up
to
us
to
meet
the
needs
of
each
other.
And
it
is
up
to
us
to
???
14???
?each
other
with
kindness
and
love.
Remember,
we
are
all
one
???
15???
?here.
We
are
all
children
of
the
same
world.
1.A.fundamental????
B.mental????
C.personal????
D.physical
2.A.added????
B.occurred????
C.referred????
D.switched
3.A.Later????
B.Lately????
C.Still????
D.Eventually
4.A.All????
B.Both????
C.Neither????
D.None
5.A.first????
B.last????
C.newest????
D.closest
6.A.attractive????
B.accurate????
C.admirable????
D.artificial
7.A.talk
about????
B.bring
about????
C.argue
about????
D.hear
about
8.A.confirms????
B.consults????
C.cheers????
D.greets
9.A.gives
up????
B.gives
in????
C.gives
out????
D.gives
off
10.A.left????
B.lost????
C.trapped????
D.surrounded
11.A.ability????
B.atmosphere????
C.expression????
D.instruction
12.A.impressed????
B.inspired????
C.terrified????
D.taught
13.A.gather????
B.harvest????
C.share????
D.form
14.A.treat????
B.forgive????
C.appreciate????
D.remind
15.A.village????
B.family????
C.team????
D.league
第二节
（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
???
Factory
farming
involves
①______________(keep)
farm
animals
inside
buildings
to
increase
the
production
of
meat
or
eggs.
According
to
an
institute,
"74%
of
the
world's
poultry,
43%
of
its
beef
and
68%
of
its
eggs
②______________(produce)
in
this
way."
???
The
main
③______________(argue)
for
factory
farming
is
that,
apart
from
being
a
lot
cheaper
than
④______________(tradition)
or
organic
farming,
it
⑤______________(provide)
more
food
for
a
world
population
that
has
already
reached
seven
billion.
As
factory
farms
do
not
use
many
workers,
the
costs
are
low
and
the
production
is
high.
Moreover,
factory-farmed
animals
suffer
from
⑥______________(few)
diseases
than
those
living
outside.
???
On
the
other
hand,
opponents
of
factory
farming
say
that
it
is
cruel
to
the
animals.
For
instance,
many
farm
animals
are
kept
in
small
spaces
⑦______________
they
can
hardly
move.
In
addition
to
this,
factory
farming
has
a
negative
impact
⑧______________
the
environment
because
it
creates
a
lot
of
waste
products,
and
uses
a
lot
of
chemicals
to
control
insects
and
drugs
⑨______________(treat)
diseases.
???
To
sum
up,
despite
producing
cheap
food,
factory
farming
is
bad
for
the
planet
and
for
the
animals
themselves.
We
should
try
to
reduce
this
kind
of
farming,
although
we
would
have
to
pay
more
for
our
eggs
⑩______________
meat.
第三部分
写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节
（满分15分）
???
假设你是李华,在上周的英语写作课上,你班就中学生“是否应该在教室内吃早餐”这一问题进行了讨论,请将讨论内容及个人观点用英文给你校英语报投稿。
支持者认为
反对者认为
你的观点
1.?边吃边学,节约时间,有利于学习;
2.?吃饭时可以和同学交流。
1.?边吃边学或吃饭时说话对身体
有害;
2.?在教室里吃饭使教室里有异味。
……
???
注意:
???
1
.词数80左右,短文开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
???
2.文中不要提及真实的校名和人名;
???
3.书写规范,卷面整洁。
Should
We
Have
Breakfast
in
the
Classroom?
Dear
editor,
???
Last
week,
our
class
held
a
discussion
about
whether
we
should
have
breakfast
in
the
classroom.?_____
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li
Hua
第二节
（满分25分）
???
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
???
Nowadays,
most
citizens,
especially
those
who
live
in
the
metropolis(大城市),
have
to
face
the
traffic
jam
every
day,
which
has
become
one
of
the
major
problems
in
the
city.
???
Traffic
jams
cause
great
harm.
At
first,
because
of
the
fact
that
the
vehicles
keep
giving
off
harmful
gases
during
traffic
jams,
the
Earth
is
becoming
warmer
and
warmer.
In
addition,
there
is
no
doubt
that
traffic
jams
will
affect
the
effectiveness
of
work
because
people
have
to
spend
much
more
time
on
the
way
to
offices
than
necessary,
and
their
work
will
be
delayed.
Apart
from
this,
traffic
jams
might
give
rise
to
more
traffic
accidents,
which
become
a
great
danger
to
people's
life.
???
Traffic
jams
are
the
result
of
the
increase
on
private
cars.
Why?
Personally,
I
think
the
first
reason
may
be
the
remoteness(遥远)
of
people's
workplaces.
As
a
result,
people
have
to
choose
a
tool
rather
than
walk
to
work.
Being
flexible
and
relatively
convenient,
private
cars
become
a
very
attractive
choice.
What's
more,
owning
a
private
car,
especially
in
some
developing
countries,
is
a
symbol
of
wealth
and
high
social
status.
In
some
developed
countries
it
is
also
the
symbol
of
independence
and
maturity(成熟).
Anyway,
private
cars
are
regarded
by
many
people
as
an
absolute
necessity.
???
Undoubtedly,
traffic
jams
must
be
dealt
with
properly.
In
my
view,
spending
more
money
on
public
transport
systems
may
be
an
effective
means.
Needless
to
say,
policies
which
encourage
people
to
put
these
systems
to
good
use,
for
example,
giving
certain
subsidies
(补贴),
are
necessary.
In
the
meantime,
measures
to
restrict(限制)
the
use
of
private
cars,
such
as
improving
the
taxes
on
cars
or
petrol
should
be
taken.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分
阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.DDC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第一句以及第二段的内容可知,吉姆?奥斯瓦德感到非常高兴,是因为两只座头鲸回到了太平洋。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Biologists
played
recordings
of
whale-feeding
as
well
as
unfamiliar
sounds
to
try
to
make
the
whales
head
back
to
the
Pacific
Ocean."可知,为了让鲸鱼回到太平洋,生物学家们给它们播放了奇怪的声音。故选D。
3.主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了两只迷路的座头鲸回归太平洋的故事,因此C项正确,故选C。
B
答案：1-4.BDCB
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段的内容"In
1958,
when
he
was
just
16
years
old,
Cao
started
planting
trees.
Cao's
trees
now
cover
an
area
of
more
than
1.3
million
square
metres.
Cao's
forest
is
worth
an
estimated
10
million
yuan
and
can
produce
100,000
kilograms
of
oxygen,
enough
to
sustain
a
full-grown
adult
for
nearly
a
year.
(1958
年,年仅
16
岁的曹开始植树,目前他的树木的覆盖面积已超过130万平方米,他的森林价值约1000万元,能产生10万公斤氧气,可维持一个成年人将近一年的生命。)"可推知,这些数据表明,曹扎娃在植树方面取得了很大的成就,作者列举这些数据是为了称赞曹扎娃。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段的内容"Mu
UsDesert
is
one
of
the
places
in
China
most
affected
by
erosion
(侵蚀)
and
desertification
...
This
was
one
of
the
factors
that
motivated
Cao
to
join
and
stay
on
the
tree-planting
programme.(毛乌素沙地是中国受侵蚀和荒漠化影响最严重的地方之一……这是促使他加人并继续植树计划的原因之一。)"可知,沙尘暴经常侵袭他的家乡,这让他决定要植树。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"However,
he
doesn't
want
to
leave
the
forest
in
the
care
of
his
children,
and
he
insists
the
land
belongs
to
the
government.(然而,他不想把森林留给他的孩子们,他坚持土地属于政府。)"可知,他最在意的是森林的归属权,他坚持森林属于政府,属于国家。
故选C。
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段的内容"Cao
Zhawa
has
been
planting
trees
for
most
of
his
life.
He
lives
and
works
in
the
heart
of
Mu
Us
Desert,
an
area
in
the
southwest
part
of
Inner
Mongolia.(曹扎娃大半辈子都在种树,他生活和工作在内蒙古西南部的毛乌素沙地的中心地带。)"可知,文章主要讲述了一位奉献一生来种树的老人的故事。B项"A
Life
Devoted
to
Planting
Trees(献身植树造林的一生)"适合做本文标题。故选B。
C
答案：1-4.DCAB
解析：1.主旨大意题。第二段中的Though
preferences
for
personal
space
differ
from
culture
to
culture,
we
Britons
do
love
our
independence
and
privacy.指出了文章主题。下文都是围绕英国人对于个人空间的偏好展开说明。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章的最后一句Just
let
us
know
if
you're
going
to
come
any
closer
than
arm's
length,
and
you'll
be
fine!可知一臂的距离对于英国人来说是比较安全、礼貌的。故选C项。结合文章第三段和第四段可知,A项、B项和D项是错误的。
3.词义猜测题。从画线单词后的but
"very
friendly
and
helpful
to
foreigners"可知indifferent的意思与friendly和helpful相反。由此可知画线单词与cold意思相近,故选A项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的
...we
are
not
as
"indifferent"
as
we
may
seem,
but
"very
friendly
and
helpful
to
foreigners",可知,
英国人并没有看上去那么冷漠,而是很乐于助人的。故选B项。
D
答案：1.B;
2.C;
3.A;
4.B
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句"It
will
not
only
bring
wild
tigers
back
to
their
original
home,
but
also
protect
the
unique
ecosystem
of
the
Ili-Balkhash
region"可以看出,Askar
Myrzakhmetov
认为重新引进老虎项目不仅能将野生老虎带回原来的家,而且还能保护Ili-Balkhasli地区独特的生态环境’也就是说,Askar
Myrzakhmetov很赞同这个项目,认为它意义重大。doubtful怀疑的;favourable赞同的;concerned关心的;disapproving不赞同的。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Wild
tigers
have
completely
disappeared
from
the
region
since
the
late
1940s,
due
to
the
loss
of
habitat."可知,
20
世纪40年代末野生老虎从该地区完全消失是由于栖息地的丧失。所以C项"The
lack
of
natural
living
places(缺少自然的居住地)"与文章内容一致。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"That
means
dealing
with
illegal
activities..."可知,实施这个项目要做很多准备工作,其中包括处理违法活动,即限制人类肆意捕杀或者破坏野生地。所以A
项"Regulating
human
activities
(管控人类活动)"是引进老虎之前要采取的措施之一。故选A。
4.主旨大意题。文章一开始就介绍了哈萨克斯坦准备引进野生老虎这一计划,下文对这一计划的背景、内容、意义及实施它所需的准备工作等方面展开了介绍。所以B项"Bringing
Tigers
Back
Home
to
Kazakhstan"与文章主旨一致。A
项和C项是实施这一计划需要做的准备工作,
D
项则是实施这一计划的目的,而不是本文的主要内容。故选B。
第二节
答案：DBFEC
解析：①根据空前的
Cities
are
built
for
humans.与空后的
we
destroy
natural
habitats
可知,城市往往不能为野生动物提供合适的栖息地。故选D项。
②根据空后的
When
a
bridge
in
Austin,
Texas
was
repaired,
engineer
added
small
gaps
running
along
the
length
of
its
bottom.
This
made
a
good
home
for
bats,
and
soon
the
bridge
was
the
home
of
thousands
of
bats.可知,桥梁的修缮为蝙蝠提供了家园,这说明我们人类的行为有时也能帮助到其他物种。故选B项。
③根据空后的
Now,
they
have
come
to
value
their
winged
neighbours.可知,此处填人的句子与空后句子存在对比。come
to
value
表示“逐渐开始珍惜”,这说明人们之前对蝙蝠是不同的感受。F项“起初,人们害怕这些蝙蝠,努力想要赶走它们”符合语境。故选F项。
④根据上文
The
park
has
used
native
plants
and
created
open,
natural
spaces
for
wildlife.可知,这个公园使用了当地的植物,为野生动物创造了开放的自然空间。由此可推知,野生动物们在这里不用被关在笼子里,可以自由移动,E项符合语境。wildlife为关键词,故选E项。
⑤根据空后的
Our
own
future
will
be
in
danger
too.
可知,如果我们没有和野生动物分享我们的空间,动物们会面临灭绝的危险,
C项符合语境。下文中的too为关键词。
第二部分
语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.BDADC;
6-10.BADCB;
11-15.ADCAB
解析：1.根据上一句Yet
they
both
still
have
the
mind
of
children.
可知,是大脑受到自闭症的影响而限制了智力的(mental)发育。mind
与mental相呼应。故选B项。
2.句意为:到了我是成年人的时候,这个名称换成了智力残疾。
从上文可知,在作者小时候,这种病叫作Mentally
Retarded,而现在叫作Mentally
Handicapped,这说明这个名称转换(switched)
了;同时,下文有明确提到switched
again。故选D项。
3.根据前文可知,这个名称变了两次,所以此处是就时间上的顺序而言,后来(Later)符合语境。
4.由空后的however可知,该空与前文意思相反,表示以上三者都没有(None)准确地定义这种疾病。故选D项。
5.根据后一句中的I
like
this
one
better
than
the
older
ones可知,
这是最新(newest)的名称。故选C项。
6.根据下一句中的My
sons
do
have
special
needs可知,作者的儿子们的确有特殊的需求,这说明此表达更准确一些,故accurate
符合语境。artificial意为“人工的”。
7.根据上文可知,自闭症限制了他们智力的发育,所以,作者的大儿子也许只能谈论(talk
about)某些特定的事情。其他选项均不符合语境。故选A项。
8.根据空后的by
name可推测,此处表达他通过名字和别人打招呼(greets)时,他的心情和举止都洋溢着极具感染力的快乐。confirm意为“确认”;consult意为“咨询;请教”。故选D项。
9.根据语境可知,此处指给出(give
out)爱和拥抱。give
out意为“分发;发出”,符合语境。give
up意为“放弃”;give
in意为“投降;屈服”;give
off意为“发出(气味等)”。
10.根据常识可知,自闭症的症状之一就是沉迷于(lost)自己的世界,不与外界接触。故选B项。
11.根据第二段第三句中的they
also
have
special
gifts可知,此处指他有能力(ability)去笑和享受生活。故ability正确。
12.根据空后的I
could
have
ever
learnt可知,此处作者对比学到的东西和从孩子身上看到的东西,表示是孩子教会(taught)
了作者这些。故选D项。
13.根据全文内容可知,作者的两个儿子所做的事情是分享
(share)他们的爱和善良,即分享(share)他们的天赋。故C选项符合语境。
14.根据空后的with
kindness
and
love可知,此处指用善良和爱对待(treat)彼此。故treat符合语境。
15.根据后一句
We
are
all
children
of
the
same
world.可知,此处表示我们都是同一个家庭(family)里的孩子。故选B项。
第二节
答案：keeping;
are
produced;
argument;
traditional;
provides;
fewer;
where;
on;
to
treat;
and
第三部分
写作
第一节
答案：
Should
We
Have
Breakfast
in
the
Classroom?
Dear
editor,
???
Last
week,
our
class
held
a
discussion
about
whether
we
should
have
breakfast
in
the
classroom.
???
Some
students
think
that
when
they
are
having
breakfast
in
the
classroom,
they
can
study
or
read
at
the
same
time,
which
can
save
their
time
and
is
beneficial
to
their
studies.
And
they
can
talk
with
their
classmates
while
eating.
???
While
others
think
that
it
is
bad
for
our
health
to
have
breakfast
in
the
classroom.
Besides,
some
kinds
of
food
smell
unpleasant.
???
In
my
view,
it
is
not
good
for
us
to
have
breakfast
in
the
classroom.
We
should
get
up
earlier
and
have
breakfast
at
home.
Yours,
Li
Hua
第二节
答案：The
traffic
jam
is
a
major
problem
that
most
citizens
have
to
face.
(要点1)
Traffic
jams
do
not
only
have
an
effect
on
the
environment,
but
also
can
delay
people's
work
and
lead
to
more
traffic
accidents.(要点2)
Personally,
traffic
jams
are
the
result
of
the
increasing
private
cars.(要点3)
It
must
be
properly
dealt
with
by
spending
much
more
money
on
public
transport
systems
and
limiting
the
use
of
private
cars.(要点4)