(共34张PPT)
Period
1
Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
1.
To
learn
some
interesting
facts
in
English.
2.
To
learn
the
main
idea
of
the
text.
3.
To
improve
the
basic
reading
skills
especially
skim.
4.
To
learn
useful
language
points.
Think:
Do
you
know
some
interesting
facts
in
English?
ham
hamburger
There
is
no
ham
in
a
hamburger.
eggplants
eggs
There
is
no
egg
in
eggplant
?
Neither
Pine
nor
Apple
in
Pineapple
+
=
pine
apple
pineapple
pine
apple
Is
English
interesting
?
Would
you
like
to
know
more
interesting
things
about
English?
Neither
Pine
nor
Apple
in
Pineapple
Having
known
the
title
of
the
passage
and
the
pictures,
tick
what
you
think
the
passage
is
about.
Food
Cooking
Words
Plants
Fruit
It's
a
prediction,
so
there
is
no
standard
answer.
Before
-reading
Read
the
passage
quickly
and
find
out
the
main
idea
of
each
part.
A.
The
reason
why
English
is
so
crazy.
B.
English
is
a
crazy
language
to
learn.
C.
Examples
of
some
pairs
of
confusing
words
or
phrases
Para.1
Para.2-6
Para.7
Task
1
Fast
reading
While
-reading
1.
Scan
the
text
and
choose
the
best
choice.
(1)
What
did
the
author’s
son’s
words
make
her
think
of?
A.English
is
a
widely
used
language.
B.English
is
a
crazy
language
to
learn.
C.English
is
difficult
for
her
to
learn.
D.English
words
are
formed
in
different
ways.
√
(2)
What
does
the
author
try
to
tell
us
in
para.3?
A.Some
English
words
are
really
confusing.
B.Some
English
words
are
hard
to
remember.
C.The
way
adjectives
change
into
adverbs.
D.Words
ending
with
-less
and
-ful
have
the
same
meanings.
(3)
What
does
the
first
“it”(in
para.7)
most
probably
refer
to?
A.English.
B.A
computer.
C.Creativity.
D.Human
race.
√
√
(4)
How
does
the
author
show
his
ideas?
A.
By
examples.
B.
By
facts.
C.
By
numbers.
D.
By
explaining.
√
One
day
my
son
asked
me
1.
there
was
ham
in
a
hamburger.This
question
got
me
thinking
how
English
can
be
a
crazy
language
2. __
(learn).
For
example,
when
whether/if
to
learn
2.
Read
the
passage
again
and
fill
in
the
blanks.
we
are
traveling,we
can
get
seasick
at
sea,airsick
in
the
air
and
carsick
in
a
car,
3.______
when
we
return
home,we
don’t
feel
homesick.“Hard”
is
the
opposite
of
“soft”,but
“hardly”
and
“softly”
are
not
4.
opposite
pair.“Harmless”
and
“harmful”
have
opposite
5. _(meaning)
while
“shameful”
and
“shameless”
mean
the
same.Some
English
phrases
are
also
very
6. (interest).A
house
can
burn
up
as
it
7.
(burn)
down
and
you
can
fill
in
a
form
by
8.________(fill)
it
out.When
the
stars
are
out,they
are
visible
but
when
the
lights
are
out,they
are
invisible.That’s
because
English
9.___________ (invent)
by
people,not
by
computers,which
reflects
the
10. (creative)
of
the
human
race.?
but
an
interesting
meanings
burns
filling
was
invented
creativity
1.
What
do
you
find
most
challenging
about
learning
English?
2.
How
do
you
deal
with
this?
After
-reading
Discuss
the
questions
below
.
1.
have
trouble(in)
doing
sth.
做某事有困难/麻烦
(2018·浙江高考)However,
some
people
have
trouble
with
even
small
amounts
of
caffeine.
然而，一些人对少量的咖啡因也有困难。
in
trouble
在危险、受罚、忧虑的处境中
out
of
trouble
摆脱麻烦;脱离困境
get
into
trouble
陷入困境;遇到麻烦
get
sb.into/out
of
trouble
使某人陷入/摆脱困境
take
the
trouble
to
do
sth.不辞辛劳做某事;费神做某事
have
trouble
with
sth.
做某事有困难/麻烦
【知识归纳】
【即学即练】语法填空
(1)If
you
are
_____
trouble,
Mike
is
always
willing
to
lend
a
hand.
(2)Whenever
we
have
trouble
_______
our
studies,
our
teacher
always
help
us
patiently.
(3)Thanks
for
the
trouble
you
have
taken
__________(help)
us.?
(4)What
worries
me
is
that
I
am
really
having
trouble
________(collect)
useful
information.
2.
behavior
“举止;行为”,表示抽象概念时是不可数名词,表示具体的事可作可数名词。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Then
there's
the
kind
of
popularity
that
appears
in
adolescence:
status
born
of
power
and
even
dishonorable
behavior.还有一种出现在青春期的受欢迎程度：源于权利的地位，甚至是不光彩的行为。
behave
vt.&
vi.举动;(举止或行为)表现
behave
well/badly
to/towards
sb.对待某人好/差
behave
oneself
守规矩;表现得体
well-behaved
adj.表现好的
badly-behaved
adj.表现差的
【知识归纳】
【即学即练】语法填空/完成句子
(1)People
with
autism(自闭症)
often
have
a
lot
of
respective
__________(behave).
(2)I
think
all
of
us
should
mind
our
________(behave)
in
public
places.
(3)Behave
_______(you)
in
public,
and
you
win
the
respect
of
most
of
us.
(4)When
children
_____________,we
say
they
are
like
angels.
当孩子们表现良好时,我们说他们就像天使一样。
3.
unique
adj“独一无二的;独特的”,在句中可作定语或表语
(2019·江苏高考)The
first
unique
human
characteristic
is
that
humans
have
extraordinarily
large
brains
compared
with
other
animals.
与其他动物相比，人类第一个独特的特征就是人类拥有非常大的大脑。
【知识归纳】
be
unique
to
(某人、地或事物)独具的；特有的
uniquely
adv.
独特地；与众不同地
uniqueness
n.
独特性；唯一性
【即学即练】语法填空/完成句子
(1)
Satellites
are
____________(unique)
suitable
to
provide
this
information.
(2)
The
giant
panda
＿＿ ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿China.
大熊猫是中国特有的。
(3)The
examples
_______
_______
_______
this
dictionary.
这些例证是这部词典独有的。
uniquely
is
unique
to
are
unique
to
４.
reflect vt
显示;反映;反射；vi考虑,思考;反省
【知识归纳】
reflection
n反射;反映;映像;显示;表达
reflect
on/upon
反省;认真思考
be
reflected
in
倒映在;反映在
on
reflection
经再三考虑;反思
(2020?全国卷Ⅲ)As
the
small
boat
moved
gently
along
the
river
he
was
left
speechless
by
the
mountains
being
silently
reflected
in
the
water.小船在河上缓缓地移动着，他却对映在水面上的山默不作声。
【即学即练】语法填空/完成句子
(1)It
seems
beautiful
that
the
tall
building
__________(reflect)
in
the
lake
around
which
there
are
many
trees.
(2)English
writing
is
the
comprehensive
________(reflect)
of
students'English
level.
(3)___________(reflect)
on
her
volunteer
experience,
Tina
felt
proud
of
what
she
had
done.
(4)The
pop
star
also
___________________________
in
2019.
这位流行歌手也反思了他在2019年的不羁行为。
is
reflected
reflected
on
his
wild
behavior
reflection
Reflecting
5.
opposing
adj.
(观点、意见等)相反的，对立的
oppose
v.
反对；对抗；使对立
opposite
n.
对立物；对立者；对手
adj.
相反的；对面的；对立的
prep.
在
...
对面；
be
opposite
to
与...相反，在...对面
opposition
n.
反对，反抗
【知识归纳】
The
two
opposing
armies
faced
each
other
across
the
battlefield.
敌对两军在战场上严阵对峙。
【即学即练】语法填空/完成句子
(1)The
couple
was
looking
forward
to
an
overseas
wedding
but
had
to
drop
the
idea
after
facing
_________(oppose)
from
parents.
(2)Not
everybody
agrees
to
the
plan.Some
support
it,
while
I
am
one
of
those
who
are
_______(oppose)
to
it.
(3)The
twins
have
__________attitudes
towards
life.
Thus,
one
is
living
happily
and
the
other
is
just
the
_________.(oppose)
(4)At
that
time,most
villagers
_____ ＿＿＿＿ ＿＿ ＿＿＿＿
a
chemical
plant
near
the
village．
当时，大多数村民反对在村庄附近建一个化工厂。
opposition
opposed
opposing
opposite
were
opposed
to
building
6.
neither...nor...“既不……也不……”
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)As
the
author
explains,
this
is
neither
a
travel
nor
a
history
book,
or
even
a
piece
of
reportage.
正如作者所解释，这既不是一本游记，也不是一本历史书或者报告文学。
(1)
neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数应和临近的主语一致，遵循“就近原则”。
(2)
neither可以单独作主语，表示“两者中没有一个”。
(3)
表示“一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事”时，可用neither或nor引起的部分倒装句进行简略回答，其结构为：Neither/Nor＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语。
【用法归纳】
(1)Neither
his
parents
nor
he
____________
(like)
eating
meat.
(2)
—I
have
never
been
to
New
York
yet.
—____________________(我也没去过).
(3)
他过着隐退的生活，既不访客，也不接客。
(4)
他们俩都不喜欢足球。
likes
Neither
/
Nor
have
I
He
lives
in
retirement,
neither
making
nor
receiving
visits.
Neither
of
them
likes
football.
【即学即练】语法填空/完成句子/翻译句子
7.That
is
why...
“这就是……的原因”；why引导表语从句，表示结果。
It
is
raining
heavily
outside.
That
is
why
she
is
late
for
the
meeting.
外面正在下大雨。这就是她开会迟到的原因。
That
/
It
is
/
was
because...
这/那是因为……(because引导表语从句，表示原因)
The
reason
why...is
/
was
that...
……的原因是……(why引导定语从句并在从句中做状语；that引导表语从句，表示原因)
【用法归纳】
(1)
He’s
more
of
a
talker
than
a
doer.
This
is
____________
he
never
finishes
anything.
(2)
From
space,
the
earth
looks
blue.
This
is
____________
about
seventy-one
percent
of
its
surface
is
covered
by
water.
(3)
Tom
came
late
for
the
meeting
because
he
was
ill.
→
Tom
was
ill.________
________
________
he
came
late
for
the
meeting.
→Tom
came
late
for
the
meeting.________
________
________
he
was
ill.
→________
________
________
Tom
came
late
for
the
meeting
________
________
he
was
ill.
why
because
That
was
why
That
was
because
The
reason
why
was
that
【即学即练】语法填空/同义句转换
1.behave:behave
well/badly;
behave
oneself
2.reflect:
reflect
sb/sth
in
sth;
reflect
on/upon
1.sculpt→sculpture→sculptor
2.opposing→oppose→opposite→opposition
3.confusing→confuse→confused→confusion
4.reflect→reflection→reflective
5.creativity→creative
ham,
pine,
seasick,
homesick,
carsick,
capitalized,
alarm
词
汇
清
单
认知词汇
拓展词汇
应用词汇
核心短语
have
trouble
(in)
doing
sth;
wind
up;
burn
up;
burn
down
重点句式
Neither
is
there
pine
nor
apple
in
pineapple.(neither...nor
既不...也不..)
That
is
why
when
the
stars
are
out,
they
are
visible,
but
when
the
lights
are
out,
they
are
invisible.(that
is
why...这就是…的原因)
1.
Her
___________（行为）at
the
meeting
was
out
of
character.
2.
As
soon
as
seeing
this
wonderful
__________（雕像），everyone
present
let
out
of
a
cry
of
surprise.
3.
Your
facial
expression
can
________（反应）your
real
feelings.
4.
The
students
began
to
feel
_________（想家的）after
they
had
been
away
from
home.
5.
The
film
is
so
c___________
that
I
can't
understand
it.
Ⅰ.单词拼写（根据首字母或汉语提示拼写单词）
behavior
sculpture
reflect
homesick
onfusing
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.吃饭的时候我坐在他对面。
I
____
_______
______
during
the
meal.
2.家长应该教育他们的孩子如何在学校举止得当。
Parents
should
teach
their
children
＿＿＿
＿＿＿ ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿
at
school.
3.我会说一点汉语,但是在阅读和写汉字方面有困难。
I
can
speak
a
little
Chinese,but
I
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
Chinese
characters.
4.他从一棵很高的树上摔下来。那就是他弄伤腿的原因。
He
fell
off
a
tall
tree.
＿＿＿＿＿＿
he
hurt
his
leg.
sat
opposite
him
how
to
behave
well
have
trouble
reading
and
writing
That
was
why
Living
without
an
aim
is
like
sailing
without
a
compass.
—
John
Ruskin
生活没有目标，犹如航海没有指南针。
—约翰·罗斯金(共65张PPT)
Unit
2 Exploring
English
必备词汇速记
【重点单词·快速记】
□
title
n.
题目;
标题
□opposing
adj.
(观点,
意见等)相反的,
相对立的
□
unique
adj.
独一无二的,
独特的
□alarm
n.
警报器,
闹钟
□reflect
v.
显示,
反映
□visible
adj.
看得见的,
可见的
□contact
n.
联系,
联络
□likely
adj.
可能的,
可能发生的
□apartment
n.
一套住房,
公寓套房
□context
n.
上下文,
语境
□resource n.
资料,
(教学)资源
□remind
v.
提醒,
使……想起
□comment
n.
评论
□downtown
adj.
在闹市区的,
在城镇中心区的
□section
n.
区域
□downstairs
adv.
在楼下
□odd
adj.
奇特的,
古怪的
□negative
adj.
消极的,
负面的
□recognise
v.
认识,
辨认出
□base
v.
以……为基础
【拓展单词·联想记】
□behavior
n.
举止,
行为→behave
v.
行为,
表现
□
confusing
adj.
令人困惑的→confused
adj.
混乱的,
感到迷惑的→confuse
v.
使迷惑→confusion
n.
混淆,
困惑
□creativity
n.
创造性,
创造力→creative
adj.
创造性的,
有创造力的→create
v.
创造
□unfamiliar
adj.
不熟悉的,
不了解的→familiar
adj.
熟悉的→familiarly
adv.
熟悉地
□organization
n.
组织;
团体→organise/organize
vt.
组织;
组建→organised/organized
adj.
有组织的
□addition
n.
增加物,
添加物→additional
adj.
额外的→additionally
adv.
除此之外地
□entrance
n.
大门(口),
入口(处)→enter
v.
进入
□actually
adv.
事实上,
实际上→actual
adj.
实际的
□intend
v.
计划,
打算→intention
n.
打算,
意图
□informal
adj.
(书写或言谈)
非正式的→formal
adj.
正式的→formally
adv.
正式地
【重点短语·高效记】
□have
trouble
doing
有困难做……
□burn
up
烧毁,
烧尽
□fill
in
填写
□wind
up
上发条,
使结束
□lead
to
通向,
导致
□deal
with
处理,
对待
□come
up
with
提出,
想到
□come
across
偶然发现,
偶然遇见
□add.
.
.
to.
.
.
把……加入……
□be
aware
of
意识到,
察觉到
核心词汇探究
Period
1 Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
NO.1
opposing
adj.
(观点、意见等)相反的,
相对立的
oppose
v.
反对
【教材语境】If
“hard”
is
the
opposite
of
“soft”,
why
are
“hardly”
and
“softly”not
an
opposing
pair?
(P15)
如果“hard”是“soft”的反义词,
为什么“hardly”和“softly”却不是一对反义词呢?
【语块归纳】
oppose
(doing)
sth.
反对(做)某事
be
opposed
to
sth.
反对某事
【语境助记】
?Some
support
the
plan,
while
I
am
one
of
those
who
are
opposed
to
it.
有些人支持这项计划,
而我是反对它的人之一。
【链接高考】(2020?全国Ⅲ卷)The
animal
activists
gather
on
Hollywood
Boulevard
to
oppose
wearing
fur
coats.
动物保护人士聚集在好莱坞大道上,
反对穿毛皮大衣。
NO.2
behavio(u)r
n.
行为,
举止;
表现方式
behave
v.
行为,
举止
【教材语境】If
harmless
actions
are
the
opposite
of
harmful
actions,
why
are
shameless
and
shameful
behaviors
the
same?
(P15)
如果无害的行为是有害的行为的反义词,
为什么无耻的行为和可耻的行为是同义词呢?
【语块归纳】
behave
well/badly
举止得当/不得当
behave
oneself
守规矩,
行为检点
【语境助记】
?The
young
man
behaved
badly,
which
made
his
girlfriend
angry.
这个年轻人表现很差,
这使他女朋友很生气。
?Behave
yourself
in
public
and
you
will
win
the
respect
of
most
people.
在公众场合举止得体才能赢得大多数人的尊重。
【链接高考】(2018?北京高考)
Knowing
these
causes
can
make
us
examine
our
behavior,
and
correct
bad
habits.
了解这些原因可以让我们审视自己的行为,
纠正不良习惯。
NO.3
confusing adj.
令人困惑的
confuse
v.
使困惑
confused
adj.
感到困惑的
confusion
n.
困惑
【教材语境】Even
the
smallest
words
can
be
confusing.
(P15)
即使是最简单的词也可能让人感到困惑。
【语块归纳】
confuse
A
with/and
B
把A和B混淆
be
confused
about.
.
.
对……感到困惑
in
confusion
困惑地;
困窘地;
乱七八糟的;
处于混乱状态的
?Be
careful
not
to
confuse
“abroad”
with/and
“aboard”.
The
two
words
are
very
similar.
注意不要把“abroad”和“aboard”混淆了,
这两个词非常相似。
?When
you
are
confused
about
some
words
in
reading,
you
can
refer
to
the
dictionary.
当你在阅读中对一些单词感到困惑时,
你可以查阅字典。
?He
looked
at
me
in
confusion
and
did
not
answer
the
question.
他困惑地看着我,
没有回答问题。
【巧学助记】
They
confused
me
by
asking
so
many
confusing
questions.
I
was
totally
confused,
standing
there
in
confusion
and
not
knowing
what
to
do
next.
他们问了这么多令人困惑的问题,
把我弄糊涂了,
我站在那里不知所措,
不知道下一步该怎么办。
NO.4
reflect
v.
反射;
反映;
反思;
显示
reflection
n.
反射;
反映;
反思
【教材语境】English
was
invented
by
people,
not
computers,
and
it
reflects
the
creativity
of
the
human
race.
(P15)英语是由人而不是电脑发明的,
它反映了人类的创造力。
【语块归纳】
reflect
on/upon
sth.
仔细思考某事
reflect
sb.
/sth.
in
sth.
(镜子等)映出某人/某物
【语境助记】
?Your
clothes
are
often
a
reflection
of
your
personality.
穿着往往反映一个人的个性。
【链接高考】(2019?全国卷Ⅱ)
I
reflect
on
how
my
day’s
gone
and
think
about
the
rest
of
the
week.
我反思我的一天是如何过去的,
并思考本周剩下的时间。
【巧学助记】
The
boy
reflected
on
why
the
ground
could
reflect
sunlight
and
water
could
reflect
the
mountains.
这个男孩仔细思考为什么地面能反射阳光,
水能映出群山。
NO.5
have
trouble(in)doing.
.
.
做某事有困难
【教材语境】Have
you
ever
asked
yourself
why
people
often
have
trouble
learning
English?
(P14)
你有没有问过自己,
为什么人们常常觉得学习英语很困难?
【语块归纳】
in
trouble
处于困境中
out
of
trouble
摆脱困境
get
into
trouble
陷入困境
take
the
trouble
to
do
sth.
不辞辛劳做某事;
费神做某事
have
trouble
with
sth.
做某事有困难
【语境助记】
?Whenever
we
have
trouble
with
our
studies,
our
teachers
always
help
us
patiently.
每当我们学习有困难时,
老师总是耐心地帮助我们。
?I
realized
one
kayak(皮划艇)was
in
trouble.
我意识到一只皮划艇遇到麻烦了。
?Thanks
for
the
trouble
you
have
taken
to
help
us.
谢谢你费心地帮助我们。
【链接高考】(2018?天津高考)
If
your
awareness
is
as
sharp
as
it
could
be,
you’ll
have
no
trouble
answering
these
questions.
如果你的意识足够敏锐,
你就不会有任何困难回答这些问题了。
【名师点津】可以省略介词in的短语
短语“have
trouble
doing
sth.
”省略了doing前的介词in。可以省略介词in的短语还有:
have
difficulty
(in)
doing做某事有困难;
have
a
problem/
a
hard
time
(in)
doing
做某事有困难;
be
busy
(in)doing忙于做某事;
spend.
.
.
(in)doing花……做某事等。
NO.6
burn
up烧毁;
烧尽
【教材语境】You
also
have
to
wonder
at
the
unique
madness
of
a
language
in
which
a
house
can
burn
up
as
it
burns
down,
in
which
you
fill
in
a
form
by
filling
it
out,
and
in
which
an
alarm
is
only
heard
once
it
goes
off!
(P15)
你也一定对一门语言独特的疯狂感到诧异。在这门语言中,
当一座房子被烧毁时它就烧毁了;
你通过填写它的方式填写表格;
闹钟只有在它响起时才被听到!
【语块归纳】
burn
down
烧毁,
烧掉(多指建筑物被烧塌);
(使)烧成平地
burn
(sth.
)
out
烧坏;
燃尽
burn.
.
.
to
the
ground
把……彻底烧毁;
全部焚毁
【语境助记】
?If
you
forget
to
turn
off
the
iron
when
you
go
away,
you
may
burn
down/up
the
house.
如果你走开时忘了关掉熨斗,
那么你有可能烧毁房子。
?Many
of
the
wooden
houses
in
the
village
were
burned
to
the
ground
in
the
big
fire.
村庄里的许多木房子在这次大火中被烧成了灰烬。
【名师点津】善变的“burn
up”
Usually
the
satellites
burn
up
about
100
km
above
the
earth.
(被)烧毁
You
know
how
much
energy
you
will
burn
up
during
the
relay
race?
消耗(能量)
Mum
put
more
wood
on
the
fire
to
make
it
burn
up
and
the
room
became
warm
gradually.
火烧得更旺
NO.7
wind
up
给(机械)上发条;
摇动(把手等);
使(活动、会议等)结束
【教材语境】And
that
is
why
when
I
wind
up
my
watch,
it
starts,
but
when
I
wind
up
this
passage,
it
ends.
(P15)
那也是为什么当我给手表上紧发条时,
它开始走,
但是当我结束这篇文章时,
它就到结尾了。
【语块归纳】
wind
down
放松;
使逐步停止;
摇下(车窗等);
松弛
wind
back
(把胶卷等)卷回
wind
one’s
way
蜿蜒前进;
迂回
【语境助记】
?The
President
is
about
to
wind
up
his
visit
to
China.
总统即将结束对中国的访问。
?After
he
got
into
the
car,
he
started
winding
the
window
up.
上了车以后,
他开始摇上车窗。
?He
wound
his
business
down
to
a
size
which
became
manageable.
他把生意逐步缩小到容易管理的规模。
?The
Great
Wall
winds
its
way
from
east
to
west
for
about
6,
000
kilometres.
长城从东向西蜿蜒六千多千米。
【链接高考】(2018?北京高考)Almost
half
of
that
winds
up
in
landfills(垃圾填埋场),
and
up
to
12
million
tons
pollute
the
oceans.
其中将近一半的垃圾最终进入垃圾填埋场,
多达1
200万吨的垃圾污染了海洋。
Period
2 Using
language
NO.1
create
v.
创造;
创作;
创建
creation
n.
创造;
创作
creative
adj.
创造(性)的;
有创造力的
creator
n.
创作者;
创造者
【教材语境】Some
American
spellings
were
created
by
Noah
Webster,
who
made
one
of
America’s
first
dictionaries.
(P18)
一些美式拼写是由诺亚·韦伯斯特创造的,
他编制了美国最早的字典之一。
【语境助记】
?It
was
with
faithfulness(真诚)
that
we
created
a
harmonious(和谐的)
atmosphere.
正是因为真诚,
我们才营造了和谐的氛围。
?American
art
reached
a
peak
(顶峰)of
creativity
in
the
50s
and
60s.
美国艺术在五六十年代达到了一次创作顶峰。
?Language
is
the
most
important
mental
creation
of
man.
语言是人类最重要的智慧产物。
?Jobs
was
without
doubt
one
of
the
creators
of
the
Apple
Inc.
毫无疑问,
乔布斯是苹果公司的创始人之一。
【链接高考】(2018?江苏高考)
The
arts
create
jobs
that
help
develop
the
economy.
这些艺术创造了有助于发展经济的工作机会。
【易混辨析】create,
discover,
invent
create
“创造、创作”出新的东西,
如艺术、文学作品中的人物等或创造出新的具体事物
discover
“发现或找到”某种自然界本来已存在,
但以前未被发现或认知的事物
invent
“发明”,
指创造出原来自然界不存在的东西
Shakespeare
created
many
famous
characters.
莎士比亚创造了许多有名的人物角色。
Scientists
around
the
world
are
working
to
discover
a
cure
for
COVID-19.
全世界的科学家都在努力寻找治疗新冠肺炎的方法。
Who
invented
the
telephone?
谁发明了电话?
NO.2
come
across
偶然发现;
偶然遇到
【教材语境】When
you
open
a
dictionary,
you
often
come
across
a
lot
of
unfamiliar
words.
(P17)当你打开词典时,
你经常会碰到许多生僻的单词。
【语块归纳】
come
up
with
提出;
想到
come
about
出现;
发生
come
out
出现;
出版;
显出;
公开表明;
结果是
【语境助记】
?When
you
come
across
a
new
word
in
reading,
try
to
guess
its
meaning
according
to
the
context.
当你在阅读中遇到生词时,
尽力根据上下文猜测其意义。
?Recently
researchers
have
come
up
with
a
new
theory.
最近研究人员提出了一个新理论。
?How
did
this
unhappy
state
of
affairs
come
about?
这种不幸的情况是怎么发生的呢?
?Harry
Potter
first
came
out
in
1997.
《哈利·波特》最早是在1997年问世。
【链接高考】(2018?浙江高考)Should
you
come
across
waste
paper
thrown
out
of
a
passing
car,
pick
it
up.
如果你遇到从路过的汽车里扔出的废纸,
把它捡起来。
Period
3 Developing
ideas
NO.1
remind
v.
提醒;
使想起
【教材语境】Here
are
some
of
our
favourites,
to
remind
us
that
some
of
the
English
we
learn
in
the
classroom
is
rather
different
from
the
English
in
the
outside
world!
(P20)这里有一些我们最喜欢的帖子,
它们提醒着我们,
我们在教室里学的英语和外面世界的英语很不一样!
【语块归纳】
remind
sb.
of
sth.
/sb.
使某人想起……
remind
sb.
to
do
sth.
提醒某人做某事
remind
(sb.
)
that/how/what
从句
提醒(某人)……
【语境助记】
?What
he
said
just
now
reminded
me
of
my
childhood.
他刚才说的话使我想起了我的童年。
?She
wants
to
remind
us
that
we
should
protect
the
environment
by
showing
us
the
beauty
of
nature.
她想通过展示自然之美来提醒我们应该保护环境。
?Our
teacher
reminded
us
how
important
it
was
to
be
polite
to
others.
我们的老师提醒我们对别人有礼貌是多么重要。
?Please
remind
me
to
call
her
as
soon
as
we
get
home.
请提醒我,
我们一到家就给她打电话。
【链接高考】(2019?北京高考)However,
her
dad
reminded
her
that
sugary
treats
were
bad
for
her
teeth.
然而,
她的父亲提醒她,
甜食对她的牙齿有害。
NO.2
comment
n.
评论;
议论
v.
表达意见,
作出评论
【教材语境】
When
I
got
the
paper
back,
I
found
my
teacher
had
written
the
comment
“Not
bad!
”(P21)
当论文发下来后,
我发现老师写了这样一个评语“不错!
”
【语块归纳】
comment
on/upon
sth.
对……发表评论
comment
that.
.
.
评论……
make
comments
on/about
对……加以评论
no
comment
无可奉告
【语境助记】
?I
don’t
feel
I
can
comment
on/upon
their
behaviors.
我觉得我无法对他们的行为做出评论。
?The
teacher
often
makes
comments
on/about
how
different
the
two
boys
are.
老师经常谈论那两个男孩的不同之处。
?He
commented
that
The
Rescue
was
an
excellent
film.
他评论《紧急救援》这部电影很精彩。
【链接高考】(2019?全国卷Ⅲ)Be
sure
to
use
online
course
evaluations
to
calmly
offer
your
comments.
一定要使用在线课程评估,
冷静地提出你的意见。
疑难句式破解
【高频句式】
句式1
“neither.
.
.
nor.
.
.
”结构
【教材语境】Neither
is
there
pine
nor
apple
in
pineapple.
(P14)pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树)也没有apple(苹果)。
【句式解构】
句中黑体部分neither.
.
.
nor.
.
.
,
意为“既不……,
也不……”,
连接句中两个并列的句子成分,
当连接并列主语时,
谓语动词遵循就近原则;
neither或nor位于句首时要用部分倒装。
【语境助记】
?
Neither
was
my
wife
nor
my
parents
able
to
persuade
my
daughter
to
change
her
mind.
我妻子和我父母都没能说服我女儿改变主意。
?Neither
could
theory
do
without
practice,
nor
could
practice
do
without
theory.
理论没有实践不行,
实践没有理论也不行。
?Neither
has
he
done
it,
nor
will
he
do
it
in
future.
他没有做过这种事,
他今后也不会做。
句式2
“get
sb.
doing”结构
【教材语境】This
got
me
thinking
how
English
can
be
a
crazy
language
to
learn.
(P14)
这让我不禁思考,
英语学起来是一门多么疯狂的语言。
【句式解构】
句中黑体部分got
me
thinking意为“使某人一直做或者处于某状态”。现在分词thinking在句中作宾语补足语,
宾语与宾语补足语之间为主动关系,
强调动作的持续进行。
【语境助记】
?Don’t
get
the
water
running
like
this.
不要让水一直这样流着。
?His
words
got
me
thinking.
他的话使我陷入了沉思。
【知识拓展】
get
sb.
to
do
sth.
使某人做某事
get
sth.
done
使某事被做
(宾语和宾语补足语之间是被动关系)
?If
you
can
get
them
to
talk,
your
problem
is
solved.
如果你能让他们开始谈话,
你的问题就解决了。
?I
got
that
broken
window
replaced(替换)
at
last.
我把那扇破窗户换了。(窗户被替换)
【长难句分析】
难句1
This
made
me
realize
that
there’s
no
egg
in
eggplant
either.
(P14)
【句子解构】
【深度分析】这是一个主从复合句,
主句为This
made
me
realize
that.
.
.
。主句中made是谓语动词,
动词不定式to
realize作使役动词made的宾语补足语要省略to;
that引导宾语从句,
作realize的宾语。
【参考译文】这让我意识到茄子(eggplant)里也没有鸡蛋(egg)。
难句2
You
also
have
to
wonder
at
the
unique
madness
of
a
language
in
which
a
house
can
burn
up
as
it
burns
down,
in
which
you
fill
in
a
form
by
filling
it
out,
and
in
which
an
alarm
is
only
heard
once
it
goes
off!
(P15)
【句子解构】
【深度分析】这是一个主从复合句,
主句为You
also
have
to
wonder
at
the
unique
madness
of
a
language。主句的谓语是
have
to
wonder
at,
宾语是the
unique
madness
of
a
language;
宾语后有定语从句,
先行词是a
language,
它受到三个in
which引导的并列定语从句修饰。
【参考译文】你还不得不对一种语言独特的疯狂感到惊讶,
在这种语言中,
房子会在burn
down的同时burn
up,
你通过fill
it
out来填写fill
in表格,
而警报只有在goes
off时才会响起!
构词法
一、常见构词法种类
语法精讲突破
二、合成法
1.
合成名词
构成方式
例词
名词+名词
weekend/
classroom/bookshelf
名词+动词
daybreak/
waterfall
名词+动名词
handwriting
动词+名词
typewriter/
flashlight
动名词+名词
reading
room/
swimming
pool
形容词+名词
gentleman/
blackboard
介词+名词
overcoat/
outline
2.
合成形容词
构成方式
例词
名词+形容词
worldwide/
snow-white
名词+现在分词
English-speaking
名词+过去分词
man-made/snow-covered
数词+名词+形容词
two-year-old/eight-metre-long
形容词+名词+ed
open-minded/
kind-hearted
形容词+形容词
light-bright
形容词+现在分词
easy-going/
good-looking
副词+现在分词
hard-working
副词+过去分词
well-dressed/
well-known
3.
合成副词
4.
合成介词
构成方式
例词
形容词+副词
somehow/
everywhere
副词+副词
however/
wherever
介词+副词
forever
构成方式
例词
副词+名词
inside/
outside
介词+副词
within/
without
副词+介词
into/
upon
三、转化法
一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性。如:
(1)taste
(v.
)→taste(n.
)
It
tastes
good.
它尝起来很好。
It
has
a
good
taste.
它味道很好。
(2)hand
(n.
)→hand
(v.
);
nurse
(n.
)→nurse
(v.
)
Let’s
go
hand
in
hand.
让我们手拉手走。
Please
hand
in
your
exercise
books
after
class.
请课后交上你的练习册。
She
nursed
her
husband
back
to
health.
她看护她的丈夫,
使他恢复了健康。
(3)clean
(adj.
)→clean
(v.
)
better
(adj.
)→better
(v.
)
Her
room
is
clean
and
tidy.
她的房间干净又整洁。
She
cleans
her
room
every
day.
她每天打扫房间。
We
will
try
our
best
to
better
our
living
conditions.
我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。
四、派生法
在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫作派生法。
1.
前缀
前缀
例词
un-
unhappy不高兴的,
unfair不公平的,
unkind不和蔼的
im-
impossible不可能的,
impatient没有耐心的
in-
incorrect不正确的,
inexpensive廉价的,
invisible看不见的
dis-
dishonest不诚实的,
disabled残疾的,
discouraged泄气的
ir-
irregular不规则的,
irresponsible不负责任的
il-
illegal非法的,
illogical不合逻辑的
re-
rewrite重写,
reconsider重新考虑,
reuse再利用,
recycle回收
2.
名词后缀
-age
short—shortage缺乏
marry—marriage结婚,
婚姻
-ance,
-ence
accept—acceptance接受
exist—existence存在
-ency
tend—tendency倾向
emergent—emergency紧急情况
-dom
free—freedom自由
wise—wisdom智慧
-er,
-or
write—writer作者
operate—operator接线员
-ist
science—scientist科学家
piano—pianist钢琴家
-ment
advertise—advertisement广告
achieve—achievement
成就
-ness
aware—awareness意识
calm—calmness平静
-ship
relation—relationship关系
friend—friendship友谊
3.
形容词后缀
-able
-ible
comfortable舒适的
terrible可怕的
-al
natural自然的,
actual实际上的
-ed
-ing
interested感兴趣的,
interesting有趣的
-ant/-ent
important重要的,
absent缺席的
-ern
eastern东方的,
southern南方的
-ful
colourful/colorful多彩的,
powerful强大的
-ly
lovely可爱的,
lively活泼的
