句子基本句型练习题
班级
姓名
1、单项选择题
判断下列句属于哪种基本句型，请将相应序号卸载句子前。请下划横线线表示主语，圆圈表示谓语，波浪线表示宾语。
A.
主谓结构(SV主语＋不及物动词)
B.
主谓宾结构(SVO主语＋及物动词＋宾语)
C.
主系表结构(SVP
主语＋连系动词
＋表语）
D.
主谓双宾结构(SVO1O2)
E.
主谓宾补结构SVOC
(
)1.She
came．
(
)2.She
likes
English.
(
)3.She
is
happy．
(
)4.
They
talked
for
half
an
hour.
他们谈了半个小时。
(
)5.The
dinner
smells
good.
午餐的气味很好。
(
)6.Everything
looks
different.
一切看来都不同了。
(
)7.His
face
turned
red.
他的脸红了。
(
)10.Who
knows
the
answer
谁知道答案？
(
)11.She
cooked
her
mother
a
delicious
meal.
她给妈妈煮了一餐美餐。
(
)12.He
showed
me
how
to
run
the
machine.
他教我开机器。
(
)13.He
became
a
famous
doctor.他成为了一名着名的医生。
(
)14.The
sun
rises
(in
the
east).
(
)15.My
mother
asks
me
to
turn
off
the
TV.
2、翻译
1.
我最喜欢的运动是游泳和滑冰。
favourite
最喜欢的；sports运动；skate
V.滑冰
2.
我想学好英语。
________________________________________________________
_____
3.
这几年我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。
hometown家乡；take
place
发生；changes
n.改变
4.
在业余时间我喜欢听流行音乐和看书。in
my
free/spare
time在我的业余时间里
5.
我们让我们的国家变得越来越美丽，强大。
more
and
more
beautiful；stronger
and
stronger；country国家
3、语法选择
Chinese
Dragon
Head-raising
Day
is
a
traditional
Chinese
festival.
It
is
held
1____
the
second
day
of
the
second
month
of
the
Chinese
lunar
calendar(农历).
It
marks
the
start
of
spring
and
farming.
Ancient(古代的)
people
2____
that
after
this
day,
rainfall
increased
because
the
Rain-bringing
Dragon
King
had
woken
up
from
his
winter
sleep.
In
ancient
times,
farming
3____
depended
on
the
weather.
Proper
rainfall
and
plenty
of
sunlight
were
necessary
for
a
good
harvest(收成).
Chinese
dragon,
besides
a
symbol
of
4____
good
luck
and
great
power,
is
also
the
god
managing
weather
and
water.
So
Dragon
Head-raising
Day
is
about
honoring
Chinese
dragon
and
5____
for
good
weather
in
spring.
Today,
Chinese
Dragon
Head-raising
Day
is
celebrated
in
many
different
ways.
The
food
eaten
on
this
day
also
gets
a
lucky
name.
For
example,
noodles
6____
called
“dragon’s
beard(胡须)”
and
dumplings
are
called
“dragon’s
ears”.
The
most
famous
tradition
of
this
festival
is
7____
a
haircut.
A
saying
warns
8____
cutting
your
hair
in
the
first
month
will
cause
your
uncle
to
die.
9____
today
few
people
pay
attention
to
it,
it
was
once
a
tradition
for
people
to
line
up
outside
barber
shops
this
day
after
10____
avoided
haircuts
for
the
month
before.
(
)1.
A.
in
B.
on
C.
at
D.
for
(
)2.
A.
believe
B.
believes
C.
believed
D.
have
believed
(
)3.
A.
high
B.
higher
C.
highly
D.
highest
(
)4.
A.
a
B.
an
C.
the
D.
/
(
)5.
A.
wish
B.
to
wish
C.
wished
D.
wishing
(
)6.
A.is
B.was
C.are
D.
were
(
)7.
A.
get
B.
gets
C.
got
D.
getting
(
)8.
A.
that
B.
when
C.
where
D.
which
(
)9.
A.
Though
B.
Because
C.
When
D.
As
long
as
(
)10.
A.
them
B.
they
C.
their
D.
theirs
4、阅读理解
配对阅读。左栏是五个人的求职意愿，右栏是一些招聘要求，请为左栏的每个人选择合适的工作。
(
)21.
Jay
just
left
high
school.
He
has
no
working
experience(经历)
at
all,
but
he
has
mastered
(掌握)some
computer
skills.
(
)22.
Kevin
is
good
at
painting
and
typing
and
has
worked
at
a
company
for
two
years
since
he
left
school,
but
the
pay
is
unsatisfactory(satisfy
V.令...满意).
(
)23.
Sally
is
now
working
at
a
men’s
clothing
company.
She
loves
animals
and
wants
to
help
them
in
her
free
time.(
)24.
Mike
is
fond
of
cooking
and
has
worked
as
a
cook
in
a
small
restaurant.
He
wants
to
work
in
one
that
is
popular
with
customers(顾客).(
)25.
Jenny
has
been
a
housewife
for
ten
years
and
now
wants
to
get
a
part-time
job.
But
she
cannot
work
at
the
weekend
as
she
has
to
take
care
of
the
kids.
A.
Must
have
at
least
3
years
painting
mercial
and
new
construction
work.
$10/hr.
Immediate
opening.
Call
435-9201
with
work
history.B.
Full-time
positions(职位)
available(可获得的)
in
friendly,
busy
office.
Good
typing
and
office
skills.
Some
weekends
required.
High
pay.
Different
duties.C.
Person
needed
for
busy
animal
hospital.
Some
nights
and
weekends.
Apply(申请)
in
person
to
JM
Animal
Hospital,
404
Snow
Road.
After
4
p.m.
only
please.D.
Full-time
and
part-time
position
available
for
modern
nursing
home.
High
pay.
Work
only
on
weekdays.
Call
Mrs
Downes,
R.N.
at
534-7618.E.
Immediately(立即的).
Busy
downtown(市中心)
restaurant.
Must
be
good
and
dependable.
Experience
as
a
cook
preferred.
Weekends
required.
Call
324-9817.F.
Experienced
salesperson
needed.
Must
have
some
knowledge
of
men’s
clothing
industry.
Available
to
work
at
evenings
and
on
some
Saturdays.
G.
Hotel
needs
part-time
front
desk
clerk.
No
experience
necessary.
Excellent
people
and
phone
skills
are
a
must.
Some
computer
skills
are
helpful.$13/hr.Call
Mr.Jones
at
357-2897.
我的收获与反思
1.
积累的短语
2.
关于基本句型仍有的疑问(共26张PPT)
英语句子成分和句子结构
大讲解
外研版
九年级
中考复习
英语句子成分和句子结构
大讲解
什么是句子？
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是能表达一个完整概念的语言单位。句子的第一个字母必须大写，结尾要有标点符号。
I
am
a
student.
Are
you
a
boy?
How
beautiful
the
girl
is
!
句子成分的分类
主语(subject)、
谓语(predicate)、
表语(predicative)、
宾语(object)、
定语(attribute)、
状语(adverbial)
补语(complement)
动作的发出者，
表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。位于句首。
We
study
in
NO.
1
Middle
School．
The
classroom
is
very
clean．
Three
were
absent．
To
teach
them
English
is
my
job.
主语subject
表示具体的行为或动作。
说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”，谓语必须用动词，位于主语之后。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
谓语predicate
We
study
hard．
He
can
speak
English．
动作的承受者
宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么，在谓语之后。
。
宾语object
He
often
helps
me．
She
is
playing
the
piano
now．
表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征
表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。
表语predicative
I
am
a
teacher．
Every
body
is
here.
They
are
at
home
now．
限制、修饰名词或代词。定语用来修饰名词或代词，凡是有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语，不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等都可以担任定语。。
定语(attribute)
2021/8/26
9
The
black
bike
is
mine.
What’s
your
name?
I
have
5
books.
A
sleeping
boy
is
sleeping.
They
made
paper
flowers.
The
boy
in
the
room
is
Jack.
状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。它表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式程度等意义，一般放在句末，但有的可以放在句首、句中。
状语(adverbial)
He
did
it
carefully.
He
studied
very
hard.
I
was
born
on
June
9th
1982
in
Guangxi.
He
is
writing
with
a
pen.
I
will
stay
at
home
if
it
rains
tomorrow.
补语(complement)
在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思．它起补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样的作用．
它可以由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现在分词和过去分词充当．
If
you
let
me
go,
I’ll
make
you
king.
Leave
the
door
open.
We
found
John
out
when
we
arrived.
Make
yourself
at
home.
I
heard
my
name
called.
2021/8/26
12
句子成份练习
1、You
should
study
hard.
2、The
teacher
got
very
angry.
3、The
boy
told
me
his
story.
4、We
elected
him
our
monitor.
5、The
sun
keeps
us
warm.
6、I
told
him
to
open
the
window.
7、We
watched
the
train
leaving
the
station.
状语
表语
间语+直宾
宾语+宾补
宾语+宾补
宾语+宾补
宾语+宾补
2021/8/26
13
8.
I
think
it
difficult
to
finish
the
work
this
morning.
9.
There
seems
little
hopes
of
success.
10.To
our
joy,
they
arrived
safe.
11.After
graduation
he
will
work
where
he
came
from.
宾语+宾补
主语
状语
状语
划分句子成分练习
A
beautiful
girl
reads
an
interesting
book
in
the
library.
He
always
tries
to
do
a
great
job
in
the
workplace.
A
small
puppy(小狗)
wears
a
lovely
collar
in
the
park.
主语
谓语
定语
地点状语
宾语
主语
状语
谓语
宾语
宾语
定语
地点状语
主语
谓语
地点状语
定语
定语
定语
宾语
2021/8/26
15
种类
类型
主语S
谓语动词
v
表语/宾语
p
宾语
0
宾补oc
第1种
S+V
We
work
第２种
Ｓ＋Ｖ＋０
He
plays
violin.
第３种
Ｓ＋ｖ＋ｐ
We
are
students
第４种
S+v+IO+DO
she
gave
me
a
pen.
第５种
S+V+O+OC
He
made
me
laugh
1??S+V
主语＋谓语（不及物动词）
Class
begins.
The
sun
rose.
Time
flies!
We
eat
and
drink.
S
V
2??
S+V+O
主语＋谓语（及物动词）+宾语
My
father
read
the
book.
She
likes
English.
He
stopped
writing.
S
V
O
3??
S+V+P
主语+系动词+表语
He
became
a
scientist.
They
are
honest.
They
are
at
home
now.
S
V
P
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be,
look,
feel,smell,taste,sound等属一类，表示情况；get,
grow,
become,
turn,go等属另一类，表示变化。be
本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。
This
is
an
English
dictionary.
The
dinner
smells
good.
The
weather
become
cooler.
4??
S+V+IO+DO
主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
He
gave
Tom
a
present.
I
told
him
an
interesting
story.
直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象
间接宾语表示动作是对谁做的，或是为谁做的
S
v
IO
DO
4??
S+V+IO+DO
主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象
间接宾语表示动作是对谁做的，或是为谁做的
He
gave
Tom
a
present.
Give
it
to
me.
5??S+V+O+OC
主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语补足语
They
made
her
happy.
We
call
her
Connie.
I
found
the
movie
interesting．
He
left
the
window
open．
I
saw
her
dance.
call，name，make，think，and，leave
五种基本句型
1??Ｓ
＋Ｖ
(主＋谓)
2??Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｐ
(主＋系＋表)
3??Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｏ
(主＋谓＋宾)
4??Ｓ＋Ｖ＋ｏ＋Ｏ
(主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾)
5??Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｏ＋Ｃ
(主＋谓＋宾＋宾补)
Thank
you
The
young
pioneers,
the
most
diligent
demonstration,
why
starting
is
the
best
way
to
start.
only
for
you.
谢谢
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https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php句子成分及基本句型
班级
姓名
【句子的成分】
在英文中句子成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
（一）主语：主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。如：
（1）Lucy
is
a
beautiful
nurse.
（名词作主语）
（2）He
reads
newspapers
every
day.
（代词作主语）
（3）Smoking
is
harmful
to
the
health.
（动名词作主语）
（4）To
swim
in
Kunming
Lake
is
a
great
pleasure.（不定式作主语）
（5）What
we
should
do
is
not
yet
decided.
（主语从句作主语）
（二）谓语
说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）必须是动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。它在主语后面。
如：His
parents
are
teachers.
（系动词和表语一起作谓语）
We
study
hard.
（行为动词作谓语）
We
don’t
finish
reading
the
book.
（助动词和行为动词一起作谓语）
He
can
speak
English.
（情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语）
（三）宾语
宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。一般放在谓语之后。
She
is
doing
her
homework
now.（名词作宾语）
She
says（that）she
is
ill.（宾语从句作动词宾语）
We
often
help
him.（代词作宾语）
He
likes
to
play
basketball.（不定式作宾语）
We
enjoy
listening
to
the
music.
我们喜欢听音乐。（动名词短语作宾语）
说明1：宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物，宾语一般放在及物动词之后。介词后面的名词或代词或动名词，称为介词宾语。名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语。另外，动词不定式可作动词宾语；动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语。
说明2：及物动词作谓语时，后面要跟宾语。宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象，直接宾语指物，间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所及的人，间接宾语指人。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前。
不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语。有的动词可以跟。如：give,
show（给……看），bring,
pass,
buy等。如：（1）Our
teacher
tells
us
a
story.
（2）The
sun
gives
us
light.
间接宾语如果放在直接宾语之后，在表示“人”的间接宾语之前会出现介词“to”或“for”。
间接宾语前加“to”的有：
give,
show,
send,
bring,
read,
pass,
lend,
leave,
hand,
tell,
return,
write,
throw,
promise（答应）,
refuse（拒绝）等。
间接宾语加“for”的有：
make,
buy,
do,
get,
play,
order（命令）,
sing,
pay等
（1）I
give
him
a
book.
改成：
（2）He
passes
me
the
book.（他将书递给我。）
改成：
（3）He
writes
me
a
letter.
改成：
（4）He
will
buy
me
some
books.
改成：
（5）She
is
making
me
a
cake.
改成：
（四）宾语补足语
在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成分，称为宾语补足语。名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式、分词等可用作宾语补足语。宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。
如：They
make
her
happy.（形容词）
I
see
her
dance.（不定式）
We’ll
help
you
to
make
the
Olympics
a
success.（名词）
Please
let
him
in.（副词）
We
heard
her
singing
a
song.（分词短语）
（五）表语
表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词或短语来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。
如：I
am
a
teacher.（名词）
He
is
always
happy.（形容词）
They
are
on
the
playground
now.（介词短语）
It
gets
cold.（形容词）
Be动词（am，is，are,
was,
were）
系动词
表保持（keep,
stay,
remain）
表改变（get，
become，
turn）
感官动词（feel，sound（听起来），seem/look（看起来），taste（尝起来），smell（闻起来））
如：It
sounds
interesting.（sound为系动词，interesting为表语）
We
should
all
remain
careful.
Remain（为系动词，
careful为表语）
（六）定语
定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不等式或相当于形容词的词或短语等。
单个词作定语时，通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。
如：The
black
bike
is
mine.（形容词）
What’s
your
name?（代词）
They
make
paper
flowers.（名词）
说明1：当定语修饰不定代词：nothing,
anything,
everything,
something等时，定语在不定代词后面。
如：I
tell
him
something
interesting.
（形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语）
He
has
something
to
do.
（to
do为不定式作后置定语）
说明2：短语或从句作定语时，也放在被修饰的名词之后。
如：The
boys
in
the
room
are
in
Class
Four.
（in
the
room是介词短语作the
boys的后置定语。）
（七）状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义，一般由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。状语一般放在句末，但有的可以放在句首、句中。
如：He
did
it
carefully.（副词）
We
often
help
him.（副词）
Her
mother
goes
out
to
do
some
shopping
on
Sunday.（介词短语）
When
I
grow
up,
I
am
going
to
be
a
teacher.（从句作时间状语）
He
sits
there.（副词地点状语）
【简单句的五种基本句型】
A.
主语+不及物动词(主谓)
如：The
sun
rises.
太阳升起来。
The
car
stopped.
小汽车停下来了。
rise和stop都是不及物动词，因此后边不必加宾语。
B.
主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾)
如：I
love
my
country.
He
helps
me.
I
like
action
movies.
I
buy
a
book.
C.
主语+系动词+表语(主系表)
如：Her
brother
is
a
driver.
We
feel
happy.（feel为系动词，表示感到……）
It
gets
dark.天黑了。（get为系动词，表示变得）
Tom
looks
ill.
Tom看上去病了。（look为系动词，表示看上去，看起来）
D.
主语+及物动词+双宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）(主谓+直宾+间宾)
如：He
gives
Tom
a
present.（双宾语）
他给汤姆一件礼物。
Mother
make
a
new
dress
for
me.（双宾语）
妈妈为我做了一件衣服。
E.
主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主+谓+宾+宾补)
如：They
call
her
Mary.（宾补）
他们叫她Mary。
We
make
our
classroom
clean
and
tidy.（宾补）
我们使我们的教室干净而整齐。
He
always
makes
us
laugh.（宾补）
他总使我们笑。
例题
写出划线部分的句子成分。
1.
Lily
is
cleaning
the
desk
now.
2.
Her
garden
is
the
best
in
our
town.
3.
Liu
Ming
is
thirteen
years
old.
4.
I
like
this
book
very
much.
5.
The
girl
on
the
blue
bike
is
Jane’s
sister.
6.
She
didn’t
come
to
my
party
because
she
was
ill.
7.
Wang
Ping
does
his
homework
carefully.
8.
We
will
go
to
the
Children’s
Palace
once
a
week.
9.
They
are
in
the
classroom.
10.
It
sounds
good.
11.
His
name
is
Paul.
12.
We
always
go
to
school
early.
课后练习
(一)
挑出下列句中的宾语
①?My
brother?doesn't?do?his
homework.
A
B
C
D
②?People?all?over?the
world?speak?English.
A
B
C
D
③
You
must
pay?good?attention?to?your?pronunciation.
A
B
C
D
④
How
many
new?words?do?you?learn??
A
B
C
D
⑤
Some
of
the?students?in
the
school
want?to
go
swimming,?how?about?you?
A
B
C
D
(二)
挑出下列句中的表语
①?The
old
man?is?feeling?very?tired.
A
B
C
D
②
Why
is?he?worried?about?Jim?
A
B
C
D
③?The?leaves?have?turned?yellow.
A
B
C
D
④
Soon?They?all?become
interested?in
the
subject.
A
B
C
D
⑤
She?is?the
first?to
learn?about
it.
A
B
C
D
(三)
挑出下列句中的定语
①?They?use?Mr.
Mrs.
with
the?family?name.
A
B
C
D
②?What?is?your?given?name?
A
B
C
D
③
On
the?third?lap?are?Class
1
and
Class
3.
A
B
C
D
④
I
am?afraid?some?people?forgot?to
sweep?the
floor.
A
B
C
D
⑤?The
man?downstairs?was?trying?to
sleep.
A
B
C
D
（四)
挑出下列句中的宾语补足语
①
She?likes?the
children?to
read
newspapers
and
books?in
the?reading-room.
A
B
C
D
②
He?asks?her?to
take
the
boy?out
of
school.
A
B
C
D
③
She?find?it?difficult?to
do
the
work.
A
B
C
D
④
They?call?me?Lily?sometimes.
A
B
C
D
⑤?I?saw?Mr.
Wang?get
on
the
bus.
A
B
C
D
(五)
挑出下列句中的状语
①?There?is?a
big
smile?on
her
face.
A
B
C
D
②?Every
night?he?heard?the
noise?upstairs.
A
B
C
D
③
He?began?to
learn?English?when
he
was
eleven.
A
B
C
D
④?The
man?on
the
motorbike?is
travelling?to
fast.
A
B
C
D
⑤?With
the
medicine
box
under
her
arm,?Miss?Li?hurried
off.
A
B
C
D
(六)
划出句中的直接宾语(
)和间接宾语（
）
①
Please
tell
us
a
story.
②
My
father
bought
a
new
bike
for
me
last
week.
③
Mr.
Li
is
going
to
teach
us
history
next
term.
④
Here
is
a
pen.
Give
it
to
Tom.
⑤
Does
he
leave
any
message
for
me?
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