牛津英语9AUnit 2 Colour语法宾语从句详解及练习（含答案)

牛津英语9A
Unit2
语法--宾语从句详解和练习
一．定义：
置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、动词现在分词、过去式、过去分词后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。
e.g.?We
know?that
Mr.
Green
teaches
English.
I
am
glad
that
you
can
come
for
dinner.
二、宾语从句的分类
1.当从句是陈述句时，从句用that引导，在非正式问体中可省略。
eg.I
think
(that)
you
should
tell
the
truth.我认为你应该说实话。
2.当从句是疑问句时，从句用whether/if引导，且从句为陈述句语序。
eg.He
asked
whether/if
he
could
go
out
to
play
with
his
friends.他问他是否可以和朋友出去玩。
3.特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，特殊疑问词有who，whom，whose，what，which，when，where，why，how等，且从句为陈述句语序。
eg.She
asked
who
we
would
go
to
the
zoo
with.她问我们将会和谁一块去动物园。
三、注意的问题
1.并非所有的动词后面都可以接that引导的宾语从句，只有当谓语动词表示肯定概念时，如
believe,expect,feel,explain,hear,hope,imagine,prefer,promise,report,say,see,tell,think,understand,warn,wish等，其后面的句子一般由that引导。此时，that没有任何意义，目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是作前面动词的宾语，多数情况下可以省略。
2.whether与if的区别
（1）if引导宾语从句时，与whether一样都表示“是否”，作为宾语从句的连词。引导一般疑问句形式的宾语从句时，whether与if可以替换，常放在ask，see,know,wonder,find
out等动词（词组）之后。
eg.He
asked
if/whether
you
would
go
with
us.他问你是否和我们一起去。
a.但当从句具有选择意义，且含有or或or
not时，往往用whether引导。与or
not直接连用时，只能用whether。
eg.I'd
like
to
kown
whether
we
need
to
pay
for
it
or
not.我想知道我们是否需要为此付钱。
b.当一般疑问句形式的从句被置于句首或作介词的宾语时，必须由whether引导。
eg.He
didn't
tell
me
whether
or
not
he
need
to
pay
for
it.他没有告诉我他是否需要为此次付钱。
c.动词不定式前只可用whether。
eg.They
haven't
decided
whether
to
join
us.他们还没决定是否加入我们。
（2）if引导状语从句时，意义为“如果”，此时不可用whether替换。
eg.You
will
be
late
if
you
don't
get
up
early.如果你不早起的话你会迟到的。
四、宾语从句的时态
1.主句中谓语动词是一般现在时，从句中谓语动词的时态不受限制，可根据具体情况判断时态；
eg.I
don't
think
that
you
are
right.我认为你是不对的。
Please
tell
me
where
he?was
last
night.请告诉我他昨天晚上在哪。
I
want
to
know
how
long
you?have
been
in
Beijing.我想知道你在北京呆了多久了。
2.主句中谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须要用某种过去时态，以保持时态的前后呼应。
I?didn't
think
that
you?were?right.我认为你是不对的。
Jim
told
me
that
he?was
getting
ready
for
the
Spring
Festival.吉姆告诉我他正在为春节做准备。
注意事项：Could
you
tell
me…是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。
3.注意宾语从句表示的是客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、名言时，则用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制。
He?said
that
the
earth?goes?around
the
sun.
五、宾语从句的否定转移
主句中，主语是I/We，谓语动词是think、suppose、guess，believe等，从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中，这就是否定转移。
I
think
you
are
right.(改为否定句)
正：I
don't
think
you
are
right.
误：I
think
you
aren't
right.
例：Could
you
tell
me
when
we
will
visit
the
History
Museum
专项练习
1.
—
The
match
is
so
exciting.
The
opposite
team
is
really
strong.
—
You’re
right.
But
I
am
sure
____
our
team
will
win!
A.
if
B.
that
C.
whether
D.
why
2.－I’m
not
sure
______
you
eat
vegetables
every
day.
－Everybody
knows
______
they
are
good
for
health,
so
I
eat
them
every
day.
A.
if;
that
B.
that;
if
C.
that;
that
D.
if;
if
3.The
film
shows
us______
life
was
like
in
Beijing
in
the
past.
A.
what
everyday
B.
what
every
day
C.
how
everyday
D.
how
every
day
4.______to
have
the
meeting_____
yet.
A.
If;
isn't
decided
B.
When;
hasn't
been
decided
C.
Whether;
isn't
decided
D.
How;
hasn't
decided
5.
—Could
you
tell
me
_____________?
—Of
course.
Go
straight
ahead
and
you'll
see
it's
just
opposite
the
museum.
A.
how
can
I
get
to
the
nearest
bus
station
B.
where
the
nearest
flower
shop
was
C.
how
I
could
get
to
the
nearest
bookshop
D.
which
is
the
way
to
the
nearest
Bank
of
China
6.-
I
don't
know
if
Dad
________
tonight.
If
he
_________,
I
will
call
you.
A.
comes
back;
will
come
back
B.
will
come
back;
comes
back
C.
comes
back;
comes
back
D.
will
come
back;
will
come
back
7.
Which
of
the
following
sentences
is
RIGHT?
A.
I’m
not
sure
that
he
will
give
back
the
money.
B.I
don’t
know
what
the
matter
is
with
her
C.
He
asked
me
if
or
not
I
wanted
to
play
D.
Could
you
tell
me
which
is
the
way
to
the
park?
8.
I’d
like
to
know
________
next
week.
A.
whether
will
he
come
B.
whether
he
will
come
C.
if
will
he
come
D.
if
he
comes
9.
Catherine?said?that?she?___?to?Guangzhou.?
A.?has?never?gone?????B.?had?never?gone??????C.?has?never?been???
D.?had?never?been?
10.Our
Geography
teacher
told
us
that
the
earth_________
the
sun.
A.
went
around
B.
goes
around
C.is
going
around
D.
was
going
around
11.
—Mr.
Ma
has
gone
to
Guangzhou
on
business.
—Really?
Do
you
know___________?
A.
who
did
he
go
with
B.
when
he
came
back　　
C.
how
long
will
he
stay
there
D.
whether
he
went
there
by
train
12.
—Hey,
Mike.
What’s
your
plan
for
the
coming
summer
holiday?
—Well,
I’m
not
sure
____________________.
A.
which
city
I’ll
pay
a
visit
to
spend
my
holiday
B.
how
much
money
it
can
cost
to
travel
abroad
C.
who
shall
I
spend
the
holiday
with
D.
that
I
will
see
my
grandparents
in
the
countryside
13.
---Do
you
know
_____________
?
-----Yes,
of
course.
It
will
be
hosted
by
Beijing
and
Zhangjiakou.
A.
how
will
be
the
2022
Winter
Olympics
B.
which
city
will
host
the
2022
Winter
Olympics
C.
when
will
be
the
2022
Winter
Olympics
D.
where
will
be
the
2022
Winter
Olympics
14.
---
Excuse
me,
could
you
tell
me
___________?
---
In
ten
minutes.
A.
how
long
I
can
borrow
the
magazine
B.
how
long
I
can
keep
the
magazine
C.
how
soon
I
can
get
on
the
train
D.
how
far
it
is
from
the
bus
stop
to
the
train
station
15.
---
Could
you
tell
me
______?---
In
two
days.
A.
how
soon
can
you
finish
the
report
B.
how
soon
you
can
finish
the
report
C.
how
long
can
you
finish
the
report
D.
how
long
you
can
finish
the
report
16.
—
What
did
she
say
just
now?
—
She
asked
__________.
A.
that
I
liked
English
best
B.
what
is
wrong
with
me
C.
where
was
the
nearest
hospital
D.
if
I
would
go
shopping
with
her
17.
--
Could
you
tell
me
_____
?—Sure.
A.
where
is
your
email
address
B.
where
your
email
address
is
C.
what
your
email
address
is
D.
what
is
your
email
address
18.
Alice,
could
you
tell
me___?
A.
whether
she
had
been
married
B.
what’s
happened
to
you
C.what
was
wrong
with
my
bike
D.how
you
call
these
animals
19.
My
American
friend
Sam
is
interested
in
Yangzhou
very
much.
He
wonders____.
A.
how
“Ge
Garden”
got
its
name
B.
which
place
can
he
choose
to
visit
first
C.
when
was
the
Slender
West
Lake
built
D.
that
Yangzhou
has
a
2500-year
–old
history
20.-----Tom
is
not
himself
these
days.-----Well,
could
you
tell
me_________?
A
how
is
he
feeling
now
B
why
he
was
so
unhappy
C.
what
is
wrong
with
him
D
that
something
worried
him
21.一What
did
Max
just
say
to
you?
—He
asked
me_________
.
A.
if
I
would
like
to
go
skating
B.when
did
I
buy
this
CD
C.
where
I
will
spend
the
weekend
D.
that
I
had
a
good
time
22.?He?asked?____.?
A.?what?wrong?with?his?was?radio????
?B.?what?his?radio?was?wrong?with??
C.?what?wrong?with?his?radio?was?????
D.?what?was?wrong?with?his?radio?
23.
—Could
you
tell
me______________?
—
“Rome
is
not
built
in
a
day.”
You
should
try
to
give
it
enough
chances
to
become
strong.
A.What
can
I
do
to
have
a
good
memory
B.what
I
can
do
to
have
a
good
memory
B.why
I
should
have
a
good
memory
D.how
I
can
do
to
have
a
good
memory
24.
—Tom?is?not?himself?these?days.???
—Well,?could?you?tell?me_______?
A.
how
is
he
feeling
now
B.
why
he
was
so
unhappy
C.
what
is
wrong
with
him
D.
that
something
worried
him
25.
A
fire
happened
at
Xinghua
Coach
Station
last
week.
The
local
people
wondered
_____________.
A.
that
why
it
happened
B.
how
did
the
government
help
solve
the
problem
C.
what
caused
the
terrible
accident
D.
how
many
people
are
killed
in
the
accident
二、用that，if或whether填空，完成下列句子。
1.
Mary
thinks
_______________
it
is
a
good
idea
to
bring
an
umbrella.
2.
Many
people
believe
__________
colours
can
change
their
moods.
3.
I
don’t
know
________________
she
can
play
the
piano
or
not.
4.
I
hope
________________
the
teacher
will
help
me
with
the
project.
5.
He
thought
________________
we
should
start
earlier.
6.
—John,
would
you
like
to
go
camping
with
me
this
afternoon?
—I’d
like
to,
but
I’m
not
sure
________________
my
parents
will
agree.
7.
I’m
not
good
at
English,
and
I
wonder
________
or
not
I
can
pass
the
English
test.
8.
I
believe
____________
I
have
made
a
wise
decision,
so
I
won’t
change
my
mind.
9.
—I
hope
________________
all
my
dreams
can
come
true.
—If
you
try
your
best,
they
will
surely
be
realized.
10.
—May
I
ask
________________
you
will
come
to
our
party
this
weekend?
—Yes,
I’ll
be
glad
to.
Thanks
for
your
invitation.
参考答案：
一：
BAABD
BDBBB
BABCB
DCCAB
ADBBC
二：
1.that
2.that
3.whether
4.that
5.that
6.if/whether
7.whether
8.that
9.that
10.whether