外研版（2019）选择性必修二：Unit5 A delicate world Developing ideas 专测作业（含答案）
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2021-2022学年外研版（2019）选择性必修二：
Unit
5
Developing
ideas
专测作业
一、单词拼写
1.We
want
China
to
succeed
and
_____(兴旺).
2.Before
trying
_____(用药草制成的)or
natural
supplements,
it
is
important
to
discuss
them
with
your
doctor.
3.The
black-necked
crane(鹤)
is
one
of
the
_____(稀有的)
species
in
the
world.
4.One
of
the
most
important
_____(标准)
for
entry
is
that
applicants
must
design
and
make
their
own
work.
5.He
was
determined
to
give
his
family
a
_____(稳固的)
and
solid
base.
6.The
dial(刻度盘)
records
a
very
slight
_____(变化)
in
pressure.
7.These
regions
are
home
to
many
species
of
birds
and
fish,
some
_____(濒临灭绝的).
8.What
is
the
significance
of
life?
Is
there
any
c_____
for
its
measurement?
9.S_____
is
the
honour
or
respect
attached
to
a
person's
position
in
society.
10.But
the
amount
of
time
spent
in
reading
each
s_____
has
declined,
from
closer
to
an
hour
or
more
to
closer
to
a
half
hour
per
session.
二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空
coexist
with;
on
behalf
of;
result
in;
out
of
danger;
thanks
to
1.
The
patients
were
_____
soon
after
taking
the
medicine.
2.
The
production
process
and
management
of
the
resulting
waste
_____
greenhouse
gas
release.
3.
He
expressed
his
deep
gratitude
_____
his
family
members
for
their
timely
help.
4.
_____
the
advance
of
technology,
more
and
more
businesses
are
finding
customers
and
competitors
all
over
the
globe.
5.
The
question
is
no
longer
how
to
get
rid
of
wolves
but
how
to
_____
them.
三、阅读理解
By
the
end
of
the
century,
if
not
sooner,
the
world's
oceans
will
be
bluer
and
greener
thanks
to
a
warming
climate,
according
to
a
new
study.
At
the
heart
of
the
phenomenon
lie
tiny
marine
microorganisms
(海洋微生物)
called
phytoplankton.
Because
of
the
way
light
reflects
off
the
organisms,
these
phytoplankton
create
colourful
patterns
at
the
ocean
surface.
Ocean
colour
varies
from
green
to
blue,
depending
on
the
type
and
concentration
of
phytoplankton.
Climate
change
will
fuel
the
growth
of
phytoplankton
in
some
areas,
while
reducing
it
in
other
spots,
leading
to
changes
in
the
ocean's
appearance.
Phytoplankton
live
at
the
ocean
surface,
where
they
pull
carbon
dioxide
(二氧化碳)
into
the
ocean
while
giving
off
oxygen.
When
these
organisms
die,
they
bury
carbon
in
the
deep
ocean,
an
important
process
that
helps
to
regulate
the
global
climate.
But
phytoplankton
are
vulnerable
to
the
ocean's
warming
trend.
Warming
changes
key
characteristics
of
the
ocean
and
can
affect
phytoplankton
growth,
since
they
need
not
only
sunlight
and
carbon
dioxide
to
grow,
but
also
nutrients.
Stephanie
Dutkiewicz,
a
scientist
in
MIT's
Center
for
Global
Change
Science,
built
a
climate
model
that
projects
changes
to
the
oceans
throughout
the
century.
In
a
world
that
warms
up
by
3℃,
it
found
that
multiple
changes
to
the
colour
of
the
oceans
would
occur.
The
model
projects
that
currently
blue
areas
with
little
phytoplankton
could
become
even
bluer.
But
in
some
waters,
such
as
those
of
the
Arctic,
a
warming
will
make
conditions
riper
for
phytoplankton,
and
these
areas
will
turn
greener.
"Not
only
are
the
quantities
of
phytoplankton
in
the
ocean
changing,"
she
said,
"but
the
type
of
phytoplankton
is
changing."
And
why
does
that
matter?
Phytoplankton
are
the
base
of
the
food
web.
If
certain
kinds
begin
to
disappear
from
the
ocean,
Dutkiewicz
said,
"it
will
change
the
type
of
fish
that
will
be
able
to
survive."
Those
kinds
of
changes
could
affect
the
food
chain.
Whatever
colour
changes
the
ocean
experiences
in
the
coining
decades
will
probably
be
too
gradual
and
unnoticeable,
but
they
could
mean
significant
changes.
"It'll
be
a
while
before
we
can
statistically
show
that
the
changes
are
happening
because
of
climate
change,"
Dutkiewicz
said,
"but
the
change
in
the
colour
of
the
ocean
will
be
one
of
the
early
warning
signals
that
we
really
have
changed
our
planet."
1.
What
are
the
first
two
paragraphs
mainly
about?
A.
The
various
patterns
at
the
ocean
surface.
B.
The
cause
of
the
changes
in
ocean
colour.
C.
The
way
light
reflects
off
marine
organisms.
D.
The
efforts
to
fuel
the
growth
of
phytoplankton.
2.
What
does
the
underlined
word
"vulnerable"
in
Paragraph
3
probably
mean?
A.
Sensitive.
B.
Beneficial.
C.
Significant.
D.
Unnoticeable.
3.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage?
A.
Phytoplankton
play
a
declining
role
in
the
marine
ecosystem.
B.
Dutkiewicz's
model
aims
to
project
phytoplankton
changes.
C.
Phytoplankton
have
been
used
to
control
global
climate.
D.
Oceans
with
more
phytoplankton
may
appear
greener.
4.
What
is
the
main
purpose
of
the
passage?
A.
To
assess
the
consequences
of
ocean
colour
changes.
B.
To
analyse
the
composition
of
the
ocean
food
chain.
C.
To
explain
the
effects
of
climate
change
on
oceans.
D.
To
introduce
a
new
method
to
study
phytoplankton.
四、语法填空
?
In
2016,
Shennongjia
made
it
onto
the
UNESCO
World
Heritage
List.
It
was
awarded
this
status
because
it
meets
two
criteria
①_____(require)
by
the
list.
???
To
begin
with,
it
contains
a
naturally-balanced
environment
that
allows
the
many
and
various
species
to
live
and
prosper.
The
region
rises
from
about
400
metres?②_____
over
3,000
metres
above
sea
level,
③_____
(result)
in
a
great
variation
in
climatic
conditions.
Some
of
the
plants
and
animals
④_____
(regard)
as
living
fossils.
???
What's
more,
it
is
also
one
of
the
rare
⑤_____
(location)
in
the
world
where
scientists
can
observe
the
⑥_____
(ecology)
and
biological
processes
that
occur
as
the
plants
and
animals
develop
and
evolve.
According
to
official
statistics,
over
3,000
plant
species
and
about
4,300
insects
have
been
recorded.
Shennongjia
also
supports
more
than
600
vertebrate
species.
Therefore,
it
is
a
challenge
to
look
after
so
many
species.
Thanks
to
peopled
efforts,
the
Golden
Snub-nosed
Monkey's
population
⑦_____
(double)
since
the
1980s.
The
most
impressive
aspect
is
the
local
people,
⑧_____?take
things
from
nature
without
⑨_____
(cause)damage.
All
of
this
highlights
how
understanding,
⑩_____
(aware)
and
hard
work
have
contributed
towards
protecting
the
unique
natural
world.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：prosper
2.答案：herbal
3.答案：rarest
4.答案：criteria
5.答案：secure
6.答案：variation
7.答案：endangered
8.答案：criterion
9.答案：Status
10.答案：session
二、答案：1.out
of
danger;
2.result
in;
3.on
behalf
of;
4.Thanks
to;
5.coexist
with
三、答案：1-4BADC
解析：1.段落大意题。第一段主要说明了,到本世纪末,由于气候变暖,世界上的海洋可能会变得更蓝、更绿。第二段主要说明了,一种叫作浮游植物的海洋微生物,在光线的作用下在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。由此可推断,这两段主要叙述了海洋颜色变化的原因。分析选项可知B项符合题意,故选B项。
2.词义猜测题。根据第三段第四句可知,气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特征,并会影响浮游植物的生长。由此可判断"But
phytoplankton
are
vulnerable
to
the
ocean's
warming
trend."说明,浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响。故选A项。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段第三、四句可知,
Dutkiewicz的模型预测,在一些水域,比如北极的水域,气候变暖会使浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟,而这些水域会变得更绿。由此可推断,浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟,浮游植物会更多,其所生存的水域会变得更绿。故选D项。
4.主旨大意题。通读全篇可知“warming”一词贯穿全文,故本文的写作目的在于解释气候变化对海洋的影响。
故选C项。
四、答案：①
required②
to③
resulting④
are
regarded⑤
locations
⑥
ecological⑦
has
doubled⑧
who⑨
causing⑩
awareness
解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意:它被授予这个地位是因为它符合名录中要求的两个标准。根据句意和句子结构可知,设空处为过去分词作后置定语。
②考查介词。句意：这一地区的海拔从400米左右上升到3,000多米,造成了气候条件的巨大变化。rise
from...to...从……上升到……,故填to。
③考查非谓语动词。句意同上。设空处为现在分词作结果状语,表示一种自然的结果。
④考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:有些动植物被认为是活化石。Some
of
the
plants
and
animals与regard之间为被动关系,故应用被动语态,且此处描述的是一般事实,应用一般现在时,主语表示复数意义,故填are
regarded。
⑤考查名词复数。句意:更重要的是,它也是世界上罕见的地方之一,在那里科学家们可以观察到动植物生长和进化进程中发生的生态和生物过程。one
of+可数名词复数,表示……之一。
⑥考查形容词。句意同上。设空处与biological并列,并且修饰名词processes,故填形容词ecological。
⑦考查时态。句意:由于人们的努力,金丝猴的数量自20世纪80年代以来增加了一倍。由时间状语since
the
1980s可知,此处应用现在完成时。
⑧考查定语从句的关系词。句意:最令人印象深刻的方面是当地人,他们从大自然中获取东西而不造成破坏。设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句,先行词为the
local
people,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,故填关系代词who。
⑨考查动名词。句意同上。介词without后应跟动名词,故填causing。
⑩考查名词。与设空处并列的成分都为名词,故此处应填aware的名词形式。
Unit
5
Developing
ideas
专测作业
一、单词拼写
1.We
want
China
to
succeed
and
_____(兴旺).
2.Before
trying
_____(用药草制成的)or
natural
supplements,
it
is
important
to
discuss
them
with
your
doctor.
3.The
black-necked
crane(鹤)
is
one
of
the
_____(稀有的)
species
in
the
world.
4.One
of
the
most
important
_____(标准)
for
entry
is
that
applicants
must
design
and
make
their
own
work.
5.He
was
determined
to
give
his
family
a
_____(稳固的)
and
solid
base.
6.The
dial(刻度盘)
records
a
very
slight
_____(变化)
in
pressure.
7.These
regions
are
home
to
many
species
of
birds
and
fish,
some
_____(濒临灭绝的).
8.What
is
the
significance
of
life?
Is
there
any
c_____
for
its
measurement?
9.S_____
is
the
honour
or
respect
attached
to
a
person's
position
in
society.
10.But
the
amount
of
time
spent
in
reading
each
s_____
has
declined,
from
closer
to
an
hour
or
more
to
closer
to
a
half
hour
per
session.
二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空
coexist
with;
on
behalf
of;
result
in;
out
of
danger;
thanks
to
1.
The
patients
were
_____
soon
after
taking
the
medicine.
2.
The
production
process
and
management
of
the
resulting
waste
_____
greenhouse
gas
release.
3.
He
expressed
his
deep
gratitude
_____
his
family
members
for
their
timely
help.
4.
_____
the
advance
of
technology,
more
and
more
businesses
are
finding
customers
and
competitors
all
over
the
globe.
5.
The
question
is
no
longer
how
to
get
rid
of
wolves
but
how
to
_____
them.
三、阅读理解
By
the
end
of
the
century,
if
not
sooner,
the
world's
oceans
will
be
bluer
and
greener
thanks
to
a
warming
climate,
according
to
a
new
study.
At
the
heart
of
the
phenomenon
lie
tiny
marine
microorganisms
(海洋微生物)
called
phytoplankton.
Because
of
the
way
light
reflects
off
the
organisms,
these
phytoplankton
create
colourful
patterns
at
the
ocean
surface.
Ocean
colour
varies
from
green
to
blue,
depending
on
the
type
and
concentration
of
phytoplankton.
Climate
change
will
fuel
the
growth
of
phytoplankton
in
some
areas,
while
reducing
it
in
other
spots,
leading
to
changes
in
the
ocean's
appearance.
Phytoplankton
live
at
the
ocean
surface,
where
they
pull
carbon
dioxide
(二氧化碳)
into
the
ocean
while
giving
off
oxygen.
When
these
organisms
die,
they
bury
carbon
in
the
deep
ocean,
an
important
process
that
helps
to
regulate
the
global
climate.
But
phytoplankton
are
vulnerable
to
the
ocean's
warming
trend.
Warming
changes
key
characteristics
of
the
ocean
and
can
affect
phytoplankton
growth,
since
they
need
not
only
sunlight
and
carbon
dioxide
to
grow,
but
also
nutrients.
Stephanie
Dutkiewicz,
a
scientist
in
MIT's
Center
for
Global
Change
Science,
built
a
climate
model
that
projects
changes
to
the
oceans
throughout
the
century.
In
a
world
that
warms
up
by
3℃,
it
found
that
multiple
changes
to
the
colour
of
the
oceans
would
occur.
The
model
projects
that
currently
blue
areas
with
little
phytoplankton
could
become
even
bluer.
But
in
some
waters,
such
as
those
of
the
Arctic,
a
warming
will
make
conditions
riper
for
phytoplankton,
and
these
areas
will
turn
greener.
"Not
only
are
the
quantities
of
phytoplankton
in
the
ocean
changing,"
she
said,
"but
the
type
of
phytoplankton
is
changing."
And
why
does
that
matter?
Phytoplankton
are
the
base
of
the
food
web.
If
certain
kinds
begin
to
disappear
from
the
ocean,
Dutkiewicz
said,
"it
will
change
the
type
of
fish
that
will
be
able
to
survive."
Those
kinds
of
changes
could
affect
the
food
chain.
Whatever
colour
changes
the
ocean
experiences
in
the
coining
decades
will
probably
be
too
gradual
and
unnoticeable,
but
they
could
mean
significant
changes.
"It'll
be
a
while
before
we
can
statistically
show
that
the
changes
are
happening
because
of
climate
change,"
Dutkiewicz
said,
"but
the
change
in
the
colour
of
the
ocean
will
be
one
of
the
early
warning
signals
that
we
really
have
changed
our
planet."
1.
What
are
the
first
two
paragraphs
mainly
about?
A.
The
various
patterns
at
the
ocean
surface.
B.
The
cause
of
the
changes
in
ocean
colour.
C.
The
way
light
reflects
off
marine
organisms.
D.
The
efforts
to
fuel
the
growth
of
phytoplankton.
2.
What
does
the
underlined
word
"vulnerable"
in
Paragraph
3
probably
mean?
A.
Sensitive.
B.
Beneficial.
C.
Significant.
D.
Unnoticeable.
3.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage?
A.
Phytoplankton
play
a
declining
role
in
the
marine
ecosystem.
B.
Dutkiewicz's
model
aims
to
project
phytoplankton
changes.
C.
Phytoplankton
have
been
used
to
control
global
climate.
D.
Oceans
with
more
phytoplankton
may
appear
greener.
4.
What
is
the
main
purpose
of
the
passage?
A.
To
assess
the
consequences
of
ocean
colour
changes.
B.
To
analyse
the
composition
of
the
ocean
food
chain.
C.
To
explain
the
effects
of
climate
change
on
oceans.
D.
To
introduce
a
new
method
to
study
phytoplankton.
四、语法填空
?
In
2016,
Shennongjia
made
it
onto
the
UNESCO
World
Heritage
List.
It
was
awarded
this
status
because
it
meets
two
criteria
①_____(require)
by
the
list.
???
To
begin
with,
it
contains
a
naturally-balanced
environment
that
allows
the
many
and
various
species
to
live
and
prosper.
The
region
rises
from
about
400
metres?②_____
over
3,000
metres
above
sea
level,
③_____
(result)
in
a
great
variation
in
climatic
conditions.
Some
of
the
plants
and
animals
④_____
(regard)
as
living
fossils.
???
What's
more,
it
is
also
one
of
the
rare
⑤_____
(location)
in
the
world
where
scientists
can
observe
the
⑥_____
(ecology)
and
biological
processes
that
occur
as
the
plants
and
animals
develop
and
evolve.
According
to
official
statistics,
over
3,000
plant
species
and
about
4,300
insects
have
been
recorded.
Shennongjia
also
supports
more
than
600
vertebrate
species.
Therefore,
it
is
a
challenge
to
look
after
so
many
species.
Thanks
to
peopled
efforts,
the
Golden
Snub-nosed
Monkey's
population
⑦_____
(double)
since
the
1980s.
The
most
impressive
aspect
is
the
local
people,
⑧_____?take
things
from
nature
without
⑨_____
(cause)damage.
All
of
this
highlights
how
understanding,
⑩_____
(aware)
and
hard
work
have
contributed
towards
protecting
the
unique
natural
world.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：prosper
2.答案：herbal
3.答案：rarest
4.答案：criteria
5.答案：secure
6.答案：variation
7.答案：endangered
8.答案：criterion
9.答案：Status
10.答案：session
二、答案：1.out
of
danger;
2.result
in;
3.on
behalf
of;
4.Thanks
to;
5.coexist
with
三、答案：1-4BADC
解析：1.段落大意题。第一段主要说明了,到本世纪末,由于气候变暖,世界上的海洋可能会变得更蓝、更绿。第二段主要说明了,一种叫作浮游植物的海洋微生物,在光线的作用下在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。由此可推断,这两段主要叙述了海洋颜色变化的原因。分析选项可知B项符合题意,故选B项。
2.词义猜测题。根据第三段第四句可知,气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特征,并会影响浮游植物的生长。由此可判断"But
phytoplankton
are
vulnerable
to
the
ocean's
warming
trend."说明,浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响。故选A项。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段第三、四句可知,
Dutkiewicz的模型预测,在一些水域,比如北极的水域,气候变暖会使浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟,而这些水域会变得更绿。由此可推断,浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟,浮游植物会更多,其所生存的水域会变得更绿。故选D项。
4.主旨大意题。通读全篇可知“warming”一词贯穿全文,故本文的写作目的在于解释气候变化对海洋的影响。
故选C项。
四、答案：①
required②
to③
resulting④
are
regarded⑤
locations
⑥
ecological⑦
has
doubled⑧
who⑨
causing⑩
awareness
解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意:它被授予这个地位是因为它符合名录中要求的两个标准。根据句意和句子结构可知,设空处为过去分词作后置定语。
②考查介词。句意：这一地区的海拔从400米左右上升到3,000多米,造成了气候条件的巨大变化。rise
from...to...从……上升到……,故填to。
③考查非谓语动词。句意同上。设空处为现在分词作结果状语,表示一种自然的结果。
④考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:有些动植物被认为是活化石。Some
of
the
plants
and
animals与regard之间为被动关系,故应用被动语态,且此处描述的是一般事实,应用一般现在时,主语表示复数意义,故填are
regarded。
⑤考查名词复数。句意:更重要的是,它也是世界上罕见的地方之一,在那里科学家们可以观察到动植物生长和进化进程中发生的生态和生物过程。one
of+可数名词复数,表示……之一。
⑥考查形容词。句意同上。设空处与biological并列,并且修饰名词processes,故填形容词ecological。
⑦考查时态。句意:由于人们的努力,金丝猴的数量自20世纪80年代以来增加了一倍。由时间状语since
the
1980s可知,此处应用现在完成时。
⑧考查定语从句的关系词。句意:最令人印象深刻的方面是当地人,他们从大自然中获取东西而不造成破坏。设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句,先行词为the
local
people,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,故填关系代词who。
⑨考查动名词。句意同上。介词without后应跟动名词,故填causing。
⑩考查名词。与设空处并列的成分都为名词,故此处应填aware的名词形式。