Unit6Natureinwords
SectionA Startingout&Understandingideas
课后篇素养形成
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.短语填空
talk
about,be
famous
for,break
out,at
the
risk
of,insist
on/upon
1.They
prevented
a
serious
railway
accident
their
own
lives.?
答案at
the
risk
of
2.When
World
War
I
,Priestley
joined
the
army,and
escaped
death
on
a
number
of
occasions.?
答案broke
out
3.Today
he
most
his
play
InspectorCalls.?
答案is;famous
for
4.You
should doing
exercise
every
day.?
答案insist
on/upon
5.We
are
the
new
math
teacher.?
答案talking
about
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.雪对于我和他们来说一样都是陌生和惊讶的。
The
snow
was to
me
as
it
was
to
them.?
答案strange
and
fascinating
2.很多时候他不得不彻底改变他的比赛。
He’s
had
to
drastically
change
his
game .?
答案on
a
number
of
occasions
3.大片大片柔软的雪花纷飞飘落,你几乎看不见浅溪谷的对面。
The
snow
is
falling
heavily, so
that
you
can
hardly
see
across
the
shallow
valley.?
答案in
great
soft
flakes
4.但是如果这种反应超出了一定的限度,反而会对身体造成伤害。
But
if
this
kind
of
reaction
exceeded
certain
limit,it
can the
body
instead.?
答案cause
harm
to
5.我昨天与那位著名的作家谈话了。
I
that
famous
writer
yesterday.?
答案talked
to
关键能力提升练
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
MathematicalInduction
By
Titu
Andreescu
&
Vlad
Crisan
ISBN:9780996874595
Price:US
$
84.63
Buy
now
at
a
20%
discount!
I
serve
as
a
very
good
resource
and
teaching
material
for
anyone
who
wants
to
discover
the
beauty
of
induction(归纳法)
and
its
applications.The
authors
explore
10
different
areas
of
mathematics,including
topics
that
are
not
usually
discussed
in
an
Olympiad-oriented
book
on
the
subject.
TheFlightofaButterflyorthePathofaBullet?
By
Larry
Cuban
ISBN:
9781682531372
Price:US
$
32.00
Buy
now
at
a
10%
discount!
In
this
book,Larry
Cuban
looks
at
the
uses
and
effects
of
digital
technologies
in
K-12
classrooms,exploring
if
and
how
technology
has
transformed
teaching
and
learning.In
particular,he
examines
forty-one
classrooms
across
six
districts
in
Silicon
Valley
that
have
devoted
much
to
including
digital
technologies
into
their
education
practices.
TheFightforAmerica’sSchools
By
Barbara
Ferman
ISBN:
9781
682530962
Price:US
$
60.00
Buy
now
at
a
15%
discount!
This
book
examines
how
parents,communities,teachers,unions,and
students
are
working
together
to
oppose
market-based
reforms
in
education.Drawing
on
a
series
of
rich
case
studies,the
book
explains
how
different
groups
work
together
toward
common
goals.
TheWhiteChalkofDays
By
Mark
Andryczyk
ISBN:9781618116611
Price:US
$
27.05
Buy
now
at
a
10%
discount!
It
presents
translations
of
literary
works
that
imaginatively
involve
important
problems
in
today’s
Ukraine
and
express
its
suffering
and
happiness.Featuring
poetry,fiction,and
essays
by
fifteen
Ukrainian
writers,the
anthology
(选集)
offers
English-language
readers
a
wide
collection
of
the
most
appealing
literature
written
in
Ukraine
in
the
past
fifty
years.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本书的主要内容、价格、书号等。
1.HowmuchisMathematicalInductionnow?
A.About$16.93.
B.About$64.63.
C.About$67.70.
D.About$84.63.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据MathematicalInduction部分的“Price:US$84.63Buynowata20%discount!”信息可知,MathematicalInduction这本书的价格是84.63×(1-0.2)=67.704,故选C项。
2.What
do
we
know
about
the
book
written
by
Larry
Cuban?
A.It
focuses
on
the
technological
reform
in
education.
B.It
aims
to
improve
pre-school
education.
C.It
helps
with
students’
mathematical
ability.
D.It
is
based
on
various
academic
studies.
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据TheFlightofaButterflyorthePathofaBullet?部分的“exploringifandhowtechnologyhastransformedteachingandlearning.”可知,关于LarryCuban的书,我们知道它侧重于教育的技术改革。故选A项。
3.Which
book
is
the
most
culture-specific?
A.MathematicalInduction.
B.TheFlightofaButterflyorthePathofaBullet?
C.TheFightforAmerica’sSchools.
D.TheWhiteChalkofDays.
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据TheWhiteChalkofDays部分的“Featuringpoetry,fiction,andessaysbyfifteenUkrainianwriters,theanthologyoffersEnglish-languagereadersawidecollectionofthemostappealingliteraturewritteninUkraineinthepastfiftyyears.”可知,TheWhiteChalkofDays这本书为英语读者提供了过去50年来乌克兰最吸引人的文学作品,由此可知,TheWhiteChalkofDays这本书最具有文化特色。故选D项。
B
(2020·山东)
POETRYCHALLENGE
Write
a
poem
about
how
courage,determination,and
strength
have
helped
you
face
challenges
in
your
life.
Prizes
3GrandPrizes:Trip
to
Washington,D.C.
for
each
of
three
winners,a
parent
and
one
other
person
of
the
winner’s
choice.Trip
includes
round-trip
air
tickets,hotel
stay
for
two
nights,and
tours
of
the
National
Air
and
Space
Museum
and
the
office
of
National
Geographic
World.
6FirstPrizes:The
book
SkyPioneer:APhotobiographyofAmeliaEarhart
signed
by
author
Corinne
Szabo
and
pilot
Linda
Finch.
50HonorableMentions:Judges
will
choose
up
to
50
honorable
mention
winners,who
will
each
receive
a
T-shirt
in
memory
of
Earhart’s
final
flight.
Rules
Follow
all
rules
carefully
to
prevent
disqualification.
■Write
a
poem
using
100
words
or
fewer.Your
poem
can
be
any
format,any
number
of
lines.
■Write
by
hand
or
type
on
a
single
sheet
of
paper.You
may
use
both
the
front
and
back
of
the
paper.
■On
the
same
sheet
of
paper,write
or
type
your
name,address,telephone
number,and
birth
date.
■Mail
your
entry
to
us
by
October
31
this
year.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了诗歌大赛的章程,包括奖项和规则。
4.Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip?
A.Two.
B.Three.
C.Four.
D.Six.
答案A
解析细节理解题。由“Prizes”部分第一段中的第一句可知,3名大奖获得者可获得免费到华盛顿的旅行,其中包含获奖者父亲或母亲,另外获奖者可再选一人,即每位大奖获得者可带2人参加免费旅行。故选A项。
5.What
will
each
of
the
honorable
mention
winners
get?
A.A
plane
ticket.
B.A
book
by
Corinne
Szabo.
C.A
special
T-shirt.
D.A
photo
of
Amelia
Earhart.
答案C
解析细节理解题。由“Prizes”部分第三段可知,50名提名奖获得者可得到一件特殊的T恤衫。故选C项。
6.Which
of
the
following
will
result
in
disqualification?
A.Typing
your
poem
out.
B.Writing
a
poem
of
120
words.
C.Using
both
sides
of
the
paper.
D.Mailing
your
entry
on
October
30.
答案B
解析细节理解题。由“Rules”部分中的“Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.”可知,120词的诗歌不符合要求。故选B项。
Ⅳ.七选五
The
climate
we
live
in
affects
many
areas
of
our
lives. 1
A
warmer
world
would
be
a
sicker
world.?
Climate
researchers
predict
that
the
world
climate
will
become
warmer.High
temperatures
in
summer
is
becoming
more
frequent
and
very
cold
winters
more
rare.With
winters
becoming
warmer,there
are
likely
to
be
up
to
20,000
fewer
cold-related
deaths.However,there
is
a
danger
that
bacteria
would
no
longer
die
off
seasonally
during
the
cold
period. 2 ?
More
heat
waves
may
increase
the
number
of
hot-weather
related
deaths
by
up
to
2,800.They
could
cause
an
extra
5,000
deaths
a
year
from
skin
cancer
and
may
cause
an
increase
of
up
to
2,000
cases
of
eye
diseases. 3 ?
Higher
average
global
temperatures
mean
that
diseases,or
their
carriers,may
be
able
to
move
to
areas
that
were
too
cold
for
them
to
survive
at
an
earlier
time.It’s
possible
that
a
warm
type
of
malaria
(疟疾)
will
appear
in
some
parts
of
the
world
and
be
a
seasonal
danger
for
up
to
four
months
each
year. 4
They
will
cause
damage
to
our
homes,food,and
water
supplies
and
then
affect
our
health.?
5
Those
living
in
poor
and
developing
countries
are
going
to
be
less
able
to
adapt
to
changes.Health
effects
are
not
likely
to
be
limited
to
the
human
population,and
wildlife
would
also
be
seriously
affected.?
A.It
means
that
diseases
may
spread
more
widely.
B.Therefore,climate
changes
for
the
same
period.
C.It’s
no
secret
that
human
activity
is
changing
the
climate.
D.Climate
change
is
likely
to
have
different
effects
on
the
world
population.
E.Globally,there
are
likely
to
be
more
floods,more
droughts,and
more
storms.
F.Warmer
summers
may
cause
up
to
10,000
extra
cases
of
food
poisoning
(中毒)
each
year.
G.The
food
we
eat,the
water
we
drink,and
our
homes
are
all
dependent
upon
our
climate
and
weather.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。根据专家的预测,气候变暖对地球将产生深远的影响,特别是对人类的健康。
1.G 根据上文“Theclimateweliveinaffectsmanyareasofourlives.”可知,G项“我们吃的食物,喝的水和我们的家都依赖于我们的气候和天气。”是对这句话的举例说明,符合此处语境,故选G项。
2.A 根据上文“However,thereisadangerthatbacteriawouldnolongerdieoffseasonallyduringthecoldperiod.”可推知疾病的传播将更为广泛,A项“这意味着疾病可能会传播得更广。”符合语境,故选A项。
3.F 根据上文“Moreheatwavesmayincreasethenumberofhot-weatherrelateddeathsbyupto2,800.Theycouldcauseanextra5,000deathsayearfromskincancerandmaycauseanincreaseofupto2,000casesofeyediseases.”可知,更多的热浪可能会增加与高温天气相关的死亡人数,F项“炎热的夏季每年可能会导致多达1万例食物中毒病例。”是对前文内容的进一步解释说明,符合语境,故选F项。
4.E 根据下文“Theywillcausedamagetoourhomes,food,andwatersuppliesandthenaffectourhealth.”可推知,此处的they指代洪水,干旱和风暴,E项“在全球范围内,可能会有更多的洪水,更多的干旱和更多的风暴。”符合语境,与下文内容构成因果关系,故选E项。
5.D 根据下文“Thoselivinginpooranddevelopingcountriesaregoingtobelessabletoadapttochanges.Healtheffectsarenotlikelytobelimitedtothehumanpopulation,andwildlifewouldalsobeseriouslyaffected.”可知,本段主要描述气候对人类的影响,D项“气候变化可能会对世界人口产生不同的影响”中的population与下文内容构成原词复现,内容符合语境,适合作为本段的主旨,故选D项。
-
5
-Unit6Natureinwords
SectionB Usinglanguage
课后篇素养形成
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. (draw)
realistic
portraits
of
people
is
very
difficult.?
答案Drawing
2. (be)
able
to
appreciate
art
is
very
satisfying.?
答案Being
3. (visit)
art
galleries
helps
you
understand
different
cultures.?
答案Visiting
4.I
find
(paint)
with
watercolour
a
lot
easier
than
with
oil.?
答案painting
5.I
can’t
stand
(go)
to
art
galleries.I
get
very
bored!?
答案going
Ⅱ.短语填空
be
irrelevant
to,for
instance,make
noise,add
to
1. ,gas
stations
and
cafés
are
allowed
to
keep
operating
on
Sundays.?
答案For
instance
2.Don’t
speak
in
a
loud
voice!Don’t .?
答案make
noise
3.Sincere
performances
the
film’s
realism.?
答案add
to
4.The
government
decided
that
their
testimony
would
the
case.?
答案be
irrelevant
to
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1.今天我想要分享给你们的是我的力量源泉。(my
source
of
strength)
?
答案What
I’d
like
to
share
with
you
today
is
my
source
of
strength.
2.去年,我的祖母因为一场不可治愈的疾病去世了。(die
of)
?
答案My
grandmother
died
of
an
incurable
illness
last
year.
3.我还是非常想念她。(terribly)
?
答案I
still
miss
her
terribly.
4.祖母给了我很多甜蜜的回忆。(sweet
memory)
?
答案Grandmother
gave
me
numerous
sweet
memories.
5.对于我来说,这就是一种伟大的力量。(a
source
of)
?
答案To
me,this
is/was
a
source
of
great
strength.
关键能力提升练
Ⅳ.七选五
The
history
of
writing
instruments,with
which
humans
have
recorded
and
conveyed
thoughts
and
feelings,is
the
history
of
civilization
itself.This
is
how
we
know
about
our
ancestors
and
their
life.
The
handy
sharpened-stone
was
adapted
into
the
first
writing
instrument.Around
24,000
BC,the
cave
man
started
drawing
pictures
with
the
stone
onto
the
walls
of
his
cave. 1
Walls
at
the
Apollo
site
in
Namibia
are
believed
to
be
the
oldest
rock
paintings
to
date.?
Before
paper
came
along,people
used
clay
or
wax
tablets
on
which
they
wrote
with
sharp
objects
such
as
metal
sticks
or
bones.Around
6,000
years
ago,the
Egyptians
invented
the
first
paper-like
material
called
papyrus.The
word
“paper”
actually
comes
from
the
word
“papyrus”.
2
Bones
or
metal
sticks
were
no
longer
useful
as
the
papyrus
could
not
be
scratched.So
the
Egyptians
created
a
reed-pen
perfect
for
the
papyrus. 3
And
thus,ancient
Egyptians
transformed
bamboo
stems
(茎)
into
an
early
form
of
a
fountain
pen.?
Another
writing
instrument
that
remained
active
in
history
for
a
long
period
was
the
quill
(鹅毛)
pen.Introduced
around
700
AD,the
quill
was
a
pen
made
from
a
bird
feather.Goose
feathers
were
most
common. 4
For
making
fine
line
drawings,crow
feathers
were
the
best.?
When
writers
had
better
inks
and
paper
and
handwriting
had
developed
into
both
an
art
form
and
an
everyday
occurrence,man’s
inventive
nature
once
again
turned
to
improving
the
writing
instrument. 5 ?
A.Now
something
was
needed
to
write
upon
the
papyrus.
B.The
papyrus
became
the
most
popular
material
at
that
time.
C.Swan
feathers
were
of
high
quality,being
rare
and
most
expensive.
D.Bamboo
stems
were
better
and
much
more
expensive
than
goose
feathers.
E.This
led
to
the
development
of
the
modern
fountain
pen
in
the
19th
century.
F.These
were
mostly
the
stems
of
grass,especially
from
the
bamboo
plant.
G.These
drawings
showed
events
in
daily
life
like
the
planting
of
crops
or
hunting
victories.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。人类用来记录和表达思想感情的书写工具的历史,就是文明本身的历史。文章介绍了书写工具的发展过程。
1.G 根据上文可知,大约公元前24,000年,穴居人开始用石头在洞穴的墙上画画。再根据下文可知,纳米比亚阿波罗遗址的墙壁被认为是迄今为止最古老的岩画。G项承接上下文。故选G项。
2.A 根据下文可知,由于纸莎草纸不能划,所以骨头或金属棒不能使用。A项(现在需要在纸莎草纸上写点什么。)承接下文。故选A项。
3.F 根据上文可知,埃及人创造了一种芦苇笔,完美地用于纸莎草纸。F项(这些主要是草的茎,尤其是竹子的茎。)承接上文。故选F项。
4.C 根据上文可知,最常见的是鹅毛。C项(天鹅羽毛质量很好,既稀有又昂贵。)承接上文。故选C项。
5.E 根据上文可知,当作家们有了更好的墨水和纸张,书法已经发展成为一种艺术形式和日常生活的一部分时,人类的创造性再一次转向改进书写工具。”E项(这导致了现代钢笔在19世纪的发展。)承接上文。故选E项。
Ⅴ.完形填空
When
I
was
12
years
old,I
already
knew
my
teen
years
were
going
to
be
the
worst
years
of
my
life.I
was
a
total
outsider(局外人),bullied
(欺凌)
at
school.I
felt
1
alone
in
my
small
town.?
When
I
was
14,I
turned
my
problem
into
a
passion
for
helping
others.The
opportunity
to
2
kindness
made
me
feel
like
my
life
had
a
greater
purpose.The
more
positive
energy
I
3 ,the
more
kindness
and
4
I
received.I
realised
my
purpose
in
life
would
be
to
5
to
people,especially
teenagers,and
help
them
feel
less
alone.?
Books
were
my
6
friends
back
then.I
was
so
7
that
the
authors
wrote
those
books.After
8
terrible
experiences
at
school,I
made
a
choice
to
take
the
9 ,positive
road
in
the
next
steps
of
my
journey.My
dream
10 ,one
I
thought
was
only
possible
for
the
authors
I
loved,is
11
I
am
doing
now.I
have
been
a
full-time
author
of
teen
novels
since
2007
and
am
grateful
for
this
12
opportunity
to
reach
out
to
readers
every
single
day.?
Kindness
13
me
when
I
needed
help
the
most.Even
small
acts
of
kindness
can
change
someone’s
life.You
never
know
what
someone
else
is
14 .But
by
practising
daily
kindness,you
can
become
a(n)
15
of
positive
change.?
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章记叙了作者在学校受欺负,于是从14岁开始把自己的问题变成了帮助别人的热情。作者意识到自己生活的目的是帮助人们。于是他开始渴望成为一个作家,这样就可以写一些书来帮助其他青少年,就像那些书帮助作者一样。最后作者真的成为一名作家,并感悟到通过每天的善行你也可以成为积极变化的缔造者。
1.A.merely B.slightly
C.generally
D.completely
答案D
解析句意:在我的小镇上,我感到非常孤独。根据上文可知作者在学校被欺负,因此感觉非常(completely)孤单。故选D项。
2.A.accept
B.remember
C.return
D.practise
答案D
解析句意:做善事的机会让我感到我的人生有了更大的目标。根据下文“helpthemfeellessalone”可知此处是做(practise)善事。故选D项。
3.A.wasted
B.shared
C.lost
D.left
答案B
解析句意:我分享的正能量越多,我得到的善意和感激就越多。根据上文“Themorepositiveenergy”可知此处指分享(shared)正能量。故选B项。
4.A.appreciation
B.explanation
C.discussion
D.description
答案A
解析句意:我分享的正能量越多,我得到的善意和感激就越多。与上文themorekindness对应的应该是感激(appreciation)。故选A项。
5.A.go
out
B.speak
out
C.reach
out
D.come
out
答案C
解析句意:我意识到我生活的目的是帮助人们,尤其是青少年,让他们少一些孤单感。reachout提供援助。故选C项。
6.A.true
B.generous
C.private
D.common
答案A
解析句意:那时,书籍是我真正的朋友。结合上文可知作者在学校被欺负,只有书籍是作者真正的(true)朋友。故选A项。
7.A.pitiful
B.convinced
C.thankful
D.excited
答案C
解析句意:我非常感谢(thankful)作者写了这些书。故选C项。
8.A.surviving
B.recalling
C.gaining
D.increasing
答案A
解析句意:在经历了可怕的学校生活后,我选择了乐观、积极的人生道路。故选A项。
9.A.rocky
B.rough
C.adventurous
D.optimistic
答案D
解析句意:在经历了(surviving)可怕的学校生活后,我选择了乐观、积极的人生道路。根据下文positiveroad可知是积极乐观的人生道路。故选D项。
10.A.business
B.place
C.career
D.college
答案C
解析句意:我曾经认为只有我所热爱的作家才能从事的理想职业,就是现在我正在从事的。career职业。故选C项。
11.A.which
B.why
C.how
D.what
答案D
解析句意:我曾经认为只有我所热爱的作家才能从事的理想职业,就是现在我正在从事的。本句为表语从句,从句中缺少宾语,指事情,故用what。故选D项。
12.A.equal
B.amazing
C.limited
D.rare
答案B
解析句意:自2007年以来,我一直是青少年小说的全职作者,我很感谢这个每天接触读者的绝佳机会。amazing惊人的。故选B项。
13.A.understood
B.praised
C.saved
D.ignored
答案C
解析句意:在我最需要帮助的时候,善良救了(saved)我。故选C项。
14.A.cutting
through
B.going
through
C.breaking
through
D.seeing
through
答案B
解析句意:你永远不知道别人在经历什么。goingthrough经历。故选B项。
15.A.architect
B.photographer
C.actor
D.painter
答案A
解析句意:但是通过每天做善事,你可以成为积极变化的缔造者。architect缔造者。故选A项。
Ⅵ.语法填空
How
do
you
usually
buy
what
you
need,shopping
online
or
going
out
to
shop
in
person?With
the
help
of
the
Internet,shopping
is
1.
(easy)
than
before.We
can
just
click
our
mouse
to
choose
the
items
we
like,pay
for
them
online,and
the
shopping
2.
(finish).It
is
easy
and
quick.It
helps
save
money,too.We
can
save
thousands
a
year
if
we
compare
the
prices
of
similar
items
3.
deciding
which
to
buy.?
However,there
are
always
traps
in
shopping
online.If
we
are
not
4.
(care),we
may
get
into
trouble.For
example,we
may
find
the
colour
of
the
item
different
5.
that
in
the
picture
online.Sometimes,the
size
of
the
item
we
receive
can
be
too
big
6.
too
small.7.
(avoid)
such
troubles,we
should
compare
similar
items
on
different
online
stores
and
pay
more
attention
to
what
other
customers
say.From
their
8.
(comment),we
can
know
better
about
an
item’s
colour,size
as
well
as
9.
(it)
shortcomings.In
this
way
we
increase
our
chance
of
buying
10.
more
satisfactory
item.?
答案与解析
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了网购的利弊,网购不仅训练了学生的知识运用能力,还提升了学生的思辨思维。
1.easier 考查形容词的比较级。由后文的“than”可知填easier。
2.isfinished 考查动词时态和语态。分析句子结构可知,此空为谓语动词,描述经常性的事情,且shopping与finish之间为被动关系,因此填isfinished。
3.before 考查介词。句意:在我们决定买哪个之前要货比三家。
4.careful 考查形容词。句意:如果我们不小心,我们就会有麻烦。
5.from 考查介词。different与介词from搭配。
6.or 考查连词。句意:物品的号码太大或太小。
7.Toavoid 考查非谓语动词。不定式作目的状语。
8.comments 考查名词复数。由their可知后面应接名词,并用复数。
9.its 考查代词。此空its相当于上文的item’s。
10.a 考查冠词。不定冠词表示泛指。
-
5
-Unit6Natureinwords
SectionC Developingideas&Presentingideas&Reflection
课后篇素养形成
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.She
told
me
in
a
(激情的)
tone,so
I
had
an
idea
to
grow
up.?
答案passionate
2.Do
you
like
(恐怖)
movies??
答案horror
3.We
u
you
to
do
so.?
答案urge
4.The
very
word
makes
me
t
with
rage.?
答案tremble
Ⅱ.短语填空
alert
to,tremble
with,urge
to,a
food
chain,in
bloom
1.
is
the
passing
of
the
sun’s
energy
from
one
living
thing
to
another.?
答案A
food
chain
2.The
chrysanthemums(菊花)
are
;some
are
red
and
some
yellow.?
答案in
bloom
3.The
cat
is
every
sound
and
movement.?
答案alert
to
4.He
is
cold.?
答案trembling
with
5.My
mother
always
me do
things
that
I
don’t
like
to
do.?
答案urges;to
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1.有毒的水正在渗入河里。(filter
into)
?
答案The
poisonous
water
is
filtering
into
the
river.
2.英语老师经常督促我们做完家庭作业。(urge
to)
?
答案The
English
teacher
usually
urges
us
to
finish
our
homework.
3.校长做了一场热情洋溢的演讲。(a
passionate
speech)
?
答案The
headmaster
gave
us
a
passionate
speech.
关键能力提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
It
is
a
question
that
has
long
puzzled
scientists—exactly
why
are
tigers
orange?One
might
think
it
makes
them
more
obvious—particularly
against
a
leafy
green
forest
background.William
Blake
summed
it
up
in
his
famous
poem
known
by
generations
of
schoolchildren:“Tyger,tyger,burning
bright
/
In
the
forest
of
the
night.”
But
now
the
answer
is
at
hand.
While
obvious
to
us,computer
simulations
(模拟)
of
what
the
big
cats
look
to
the
main
animals
they
hunt
for,deer,show
a
different
picture.Humans
with
normal
colour
vision,can
see
red,blue
and
green
colours.But
deer
can
only
pick
up
blue
and
green
light;they
are
effectively
colour-blind
to
the
colour
red,like
some
humans.It
means
the
tigers’
orange
colouration
looks
green
to
them,allowing
them
to
mix
perfectly
into
the
background,new
research
claims.
Dr
John
Fennell
at
the
University
of
Bristol
and
colleagues
said
that
they
used
computers
to
estimate
how
noticeable
a
given
animal
was.They
did
this
by
using
images
of
the
environment
in
which
the
animal
lives,and
then
creating
images
to
see
whether
the
camouflage
helps
the
animal
to
mix
in.
Dr
Fennell
writes
that
by
simulating
what
the
world
looks
like
to
animals
who
are
“two-colour
vision”—someone
who
cannot
discover
the
difference
between
red
and
green—“we
also
identify
the
most
suitable
colours
for
hiding
and
visibility”.
Dr
Fennell
writes
in
the
RoyalSocietyJournalInterFace:“Considering
the
coat
of
a
tiger,it
has
fur
that
appears
orange
to
a
three-colour
vision
observer
rather
than
some
shade
of
green,though
the
latter
should
be
more
appropriate
colour
for
an
attack
hunter
in
forests.However,when
viewed
as
a
two-colour
vision
observer,the
tiger’s
colour
is
very
effective.”
The
question
then
arises
as
to
why
tigers
don’t
grow
green
coats.Dr
Fennell
and
colleagues
write
that
mammals
(哺乳动物)
are
not
able
to
produce
green
fur.To
do
so
would
“require
a
significant
change
to
mammalian
biochemistry”.There
is
only
one
mammal
known
to
have
green
fur
but
this
is
achieved
through
what
might
be
considered
as,well,cheating,not
exactly
real.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。为什么老虎是橙色的?这个长期困扰科学家的问题终于被科学家们破解了。
1.WhydoestheauthormentionthepoeminParagraph1?
A.Toarousereaders’interestinpoems.
B.Toshowtheauthor’srespecttothepoet.
C.Toanswerthequestionofthecolourofthetiger.
D.Tostressthenoticeablecolourofthetigertous.
答案D
解析推理判断题。由“Itisaquestionthathaslongpuzzledscientists—exactlywhyaretigersorange?Onemightthinkitmakesthemmoreobvious—particularlyagainstaleafygreenforestbackground”可知,所提及的诗是为了例证文章开头的陈述——对于我们人类来说,老虎的颜色太显眼了。故选D项。
2.What
colour
is
non-existent
in
the
eyes
of
deer?
A.Black. B.Red.
C.Blue.
D.Green.
答案B
解析细节理解题。由第二段中“Itmeansthetigers’orangecolourationlooksgreentothem,allowingthemtomixperfectlyintothebackground,newresearchclaims.”以及第四段中“animalswhoare‘two-colourvision’—someonewhocannotdiscoverthedifferencebetweenredandgreen”可知,在鹿的眼中是没有红色系的,而橙色属于红色系。故选B项。
3.What
does
the
underlined
word
“camouflage”
mean
in
Paragraph
3?
A.The
cover
of
something.
B.The
images
of
something.
C.The
way
of
hiding
something.
D.The
way
of
hunting
for
something.
答案C
解析词义猜测题。由第三段中“Theydidthisbyusingimagesoftheenvironmentinwhichtheanimallives,andthencreatingimagestoseewhetherthecamouflagehelpstheanimaltomixin.”可知,他们通过使用动物所处环境的图像来做到这一点,然后创建图像来观察伪装方式是否有助于动物隐匿。所以第三段画线的“camouflage”一词是指隐藏的方式。故选C项。
4.What
can
be
inferred
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.The
colour
of
tigers
sometimes
cheats
people.
B.Getting
green
may
prevent
tigers
from
being
extinct.
C.There
are
no
mammals
with
real
green
fur
in
the
world.
D.The
tigers’
fur
will
probably
evolve
into
green
in
the
future.
答案C
解析推理判断题。由最后一段中“mammalsarenotabletoproducegreenfur.”及“Thereisonlyonemammalknowntohavegreenfurbutthisisachievedthroughwhatmightbeconsideredas,well,cheating,notexactlyreal.”可推断出,世界上没有天然绿色皮毛的哺乳动物。故选C项。
Ⅴ.应用文写作
假定你是李华,你从报纸上了解到你市图书馆将举办关于中国宋代著名文学家——苏轼的讲座。你的美国朋友Henry正在你市一所大学学习中国古代诗词,你觉得这场讲座对他会有所帮助,请用英文给他写一封邮件,邀请他一起参加。内容包括:
1.讲座的时间、地点;
2.讲座的主要内容。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.邮件格式已给出,但不计入总词数。
Dear
Henry,
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Yours,
Li
Hua
参考范文
Dear
Henry,?
I’m
writing
to
invite
you
to
go
to
a
lecture
about
Su
Shi,a
Chinese
literary
master
from
the
Song
Dynasty.
The
lecture,which
is
expected
to
be
held
on
the
second
floor
of
the
City
Library,will
last
two
hours
from
9
am
to
11
am
this
Sunday
Morning.It’s
said
that
the
personal
life
of
Su
Shi
will
be
talked
about
during
the
lecture,as
well
as
an
appreciation
of
some
of
his
famous
works.
I
think
this
lecture
will
contribute
a
lot
to
your
understanding
of
Chinese
classic
poetry
and
your
study
in
the
university.Therefore,if
you
are
available
this
Sunday
and
interested
in
this
lecture,please
e-mail
me
so
that
we
can
decide
our
meeting
time
and
place
earlier.
Looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours,
Li
Hua?
Ⅵ.读后续写
It
was
one
of
the
hottest
days
of
the
dry
season.We
had
not
seen
rain
in
almost
a
month.The
crops
were
dying.Cows
had
stopped
giving
milk.The
streams
were
long
gone
back
into
the
earth.If
we
didn’t
see
some
rain
soon
we
would
lose
everything.It
was
on
this
day
that
I
learned
the
true
lesson
of
sharing
and
witnessed
the
best
miracle
I
have
ever
seen
in
my
life.
I
was
in
the
kitchen
making
lunch
for
the
family
when
I
saw
my
six-year-old
son,Billy,walking
toward
the
woods.I
could
only
see
his
back.He
wasn’t
walking
with
his
usual
steps.He
was
obviously
walking
with
great
effort,trying
to
be
as
still
as
possible.Minutes
after
he
disappeared
into
the
woods,he
came
running
out
again,toward
the
house.I
went
back
to
make
sandwiches,thinking
that
whatever
he
had
been
doing
was
completed.Moments
later,however,he
was
once
again
walking
in
that
slow
purposeful
long
step
toward
the
woods.This
activity
went
on
for
over
an
hour:
walking
carefully
to
the
woods,then
running
back
to
the
house.Finally,my
curiosity
got
the
best
of
me.I
crept
out
of
the
house
and
followed
him
on
his
journey.
He
was
cupping
both
hands
in
front
of
him
as
he
walked;
being
very
careful
not
to
spill
the
water
he
held
in
them.I
stepped
close
as
he
went
into
the
woods.Branches
and
thorns
slapped
his
little
face
but
he
never
gave
in.He
might
have
a
much
greater
purpose,I
thought.As
I
came
closer,I
saw
the
most
amazing
sight.Several
large
deer
stood
in
front
of
him.Billy
walked
right
up
to
them,at
the
sight
of
which
I
almost
screamed
for
him
to
get
away.A
huge
buck
was
dangerously
close.But
the
buck
neither
threatened
him
nor
even
moved
as
Billy
knelt
down.And
I
saw
a
baby
deer
lying
on
the
ground,obviously
suffering
from
heavy
loss
of
water
and
heat
exhaustion,lifting
its
head
with
great
effort
to
lap
up
the
water
cupped
in
my
boy’s
hands.
注意:续写的词数应为150左右。
When
the
water
was
gone,Billy
jumped
up
to
run
back
to
the
house.I
followed
him
back
to
the
tap(水龙头).?
?
?
?
?
This
time
I
joined
him,with
a
small
bottle
of
water
from
the
kitchen.?
?
?
?
?
参考范文
Whenthewaterwasgone,Billyjumpeduptorunbacktothehouse.Ifollowedhimtothetap(水龙头).
Billy
turned
it
on
and
began
to
cup
both
hands.He
knelt
down,letting
the
drip
slowly
fill
up
his
“cup”.And
now
I
knew
what
was
going
on.Obviously,he
was
afraid
of
being
scolded
for
wasting
water,so
he
avoided
asking
me
for
help.When
he
stood
up
and
turned
back,he
noticed
me
walking
toward
him.His
eyes
were
filled
with
tears
and
fear.“Mom,I’m
not
wasting.”
ThistimeIjoinedhim,withasmallbottleofwaterfromthekitchen.
I
let
him
tend
to
the
baby
deer
alone
while
I
just
helped
fetch
the
water.It
was
no
easy
job.Moving
back
and
forth
between
the
house
and
woods,I
gasped
for
breath
before
long
and
sweated
all
over.As
beads
of
sweat
began
to
hit
the
ground,they
were
suddenly
joined
by
other
drops...and
more
drops...and
more.I
looked
up
at
the
sky.It
was
as
if
God,himself,was
weeping
with
pride.I
can’t
believe
it
was
raining.
高分写作
下面是唐朝诗人李绅的名作《悯农》,请写一篇80词左右的短文解释一下诗的意思及诗中所蕴含的作者的思想感情。
悯农
锄禾日当午,汗滴禾下土。
谁知盘中餐,粒粒皆辛苦。
一、审题定调
1.确定体裁:本文为诗歌改写。
2.确定人称:本文的主要人称应为第三人称和第一人称。
3.确定时态:由于本文是诗歌,记述的是作者看到和想到的事情,所以时态以一般现在时为主。
二、谋篇布局
第一部分,诗歌的作者:李绅;时代:唐朝;地位:深受欢迎。
第二部分,介绍诗歌所表达的内容。
第三部分,诗歌的写作意图及现实意义。
三、组织语言
1.核心词汇
be
popular
with受到……欢迎
frequently频繁地
delicious美味的
remind...of...提醒某人某事
waste
food浪费食物
treasure珍惜
2.高级句式
(1)《悯农》是唐朝诗人李绅写的一首诗。(过去分词作后置定语;被动语态)
The
poem
entitled
“Sympathy
on
the
Farmers”
is
written
by
Li
Shen
in
the
Tang
Dynasty.
(2)夏日正午时刻,外面天气炎热;农民依然在地里劳作。(although引导的让步状语从句;主谓结构;现在进行时)
Although
it
is
so
hot
outside
at
this
summer
noon
time,the
farmers
are
still
working
in
the
fields.
(3)他们全身湿透,汗水频繁地掉在庄稼生长的土地上。(主系表结构;and连接的并列句;主谓结构;where引导的定语从句)
They
are
wet
all
over
and
their
sweat
is
frequently
falling
into
the
soil,where
the
crops
grow.
(4)我认为对于当代年轻人来说理解这首诗歌并珍惜每粒粮食是很重要的。(it
is+adj.+for
sb
to
do
sth)
I
think
it’s
very
important
for
the
young
generation
today
to
understand
the
poem
and
treasure
every
grain.
(5)用as引导的倒装句改写句(2)
Hot
as
it
is
outside
at
this
summer
noon
time,the
farmers
are
still
working
in
the
fields.
(6)用with的复合结构改写句(3)
They
are
wet
all
over
with
their
sweat
frequently
falling
into
the
soil,where
the
crops
grow.
(7)用“it
is
of+抽象名词+主语从句”结构改写句(4)
I
think
it’s
of
great
importance
that
the
young
generation
today
should
understand
the
poem
and
treasure
every
grain.
四、连句成文
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
参考范文
The
poem
entitled
“Sympathy
on
the
Farmers”
is
written
by
Li
Shen
in
the
Tang
Dynasty,which
enjoys
great
popularity
among
Chinese
readers.It
goes
like
this:Hot
as
it
is
outside
at
this
summer
noon
time,the
farmers
are
still
working
in
the
fields.They
are
wet
all
over
with
their
sweat
frequently
falling
into
the
soil,where
the
crops
grow.But
who
on
earth
knows
exactly
all
the
delicious
dishes
on
our
table
come
from
the
hard
work
of
the
farmers?
Li
Shen
wrote
this
poem
in
order
to
remind
people
of
the
importance
of
the
farmers’
hard
work.Nowadays,many
young
people
waste
a
lot
of
food.I
think
it’s
of
great
importance
that
the
young
generation
today
should
understand
the
poem
and
treasure
every
grain.
文化意识
BeginningsofClassicalChinesePoetry
Since
the
burning
of
books
by
Qin
Shihuang,the
earliest
extant
anthologies
are
the
Shi
Jing
and
Chu
Ci,dating
to
the
Spring
and
Autumn
Period
and
the
Warring
States
Period,respectively.
Shi
Jing(诗经“Classic
of
Poetry”)
was
the
first
major
surviving
collection
of
Chinese
poems,collecting
both
aristocratic
poems
(Odes)
and
more
rustic
poetry,probably
derived
from
folksongs
(Songs).They
are
mostly
composed
of
four-character(四言)
lines.
A
second,more
lyrical
and
romantic
anthology
was
Chu
Ci(楚辞“Songs
of
Chu”),made
up
primarily
of
poems
ascribed
to
Qu
Yuan
and
his
follower
Song
Yu.These
poems
are
composed
of
lines
of
irregular
lengths,in
the
style
prevalent
in
the
state
of
Chu.
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7
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