2022高考英语二轮总复习：专题十一特殊句式（学案含解析）

专题十一　特殊句式
核心考点课堂突破　
高考感悟
单句填空
1.(2018·北京卷)In
any
unsafe
situation,simply
　　　　　(press)
the
button
and
a
highly-trained
agent
will
get
you
the
help
you
need.?
2.(2018·天津卷)It
was
only
when
the
car
pulled
up
in
front
of
our
house
　　　　　we
saw
Lily
in
the
passenger
seat.?
3.It
was
when
I
got
back
to
my
apartment
　　　　　I
first
came
across
my
new
neighbors.?
4.Not
until
recently
　　　　　they
encourage
the
development
of
tourist-related
activities
in
the
rural
areas.?
5.You
are
waiting
at
a
wrong
place.It
is
at
the
hotel
　　　　　the
coach
picks
up
tourists.?
考点归纳
一、倒装
考点一　完全倒装
种类
倒装条件
例句
完全
倒装
here,there,up,down,in,out,off,away等副词开头的句子表示强调
Out
rushed
the
children.
表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首
Under
the
tree
stood
two
tables
and
four
chairs.
强调表语,置于句首,或为保持句子平衡
Present
at
the
meeting
were
1,000
students.
考点二　部分倒装
种类
倒装条件
例句
never,hardly,scarcely,seldom,little,not
until,not等表示否定意义的副词放于句首
Hardly
did
I
know
what
had
happened.
only和修饰的状语放于句首
Only
then
did
he
realize
the
importance
of
English.
not
only...but
also...连接并列的句子,前倒后不倒
Not
only
does
he
know
French,but
also
he
is
expert
at
it.
neither...nor...连接并列的句子,前后都倒装
Neither
do
I
know
it,nor
do
I
care
about
it.
so...that,such...that中的so或such及被修饰的成分放于句首时,主谓要倒装
So
busy
is
he
that
he
cannot
go
on
a
holiday.
as引导的让步状语
Child
as
he
is,he
has
learned
a
lot.
so,neither或nor表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事
He
can
play
the
piano.So
can
I.
用于表示祝愿的祈使句中
May
you
be
in
good
health!
省略if的虚拟条件
Were
I
you,I
would
not
do
it
in
this
way.
二、省略
考点一　不定式中的省略
单独使用不定式符号to代替不定式后被省略的动词,常用在be
afraid,expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,refuse,try,want,wish等词后;或放在表情绪的词后,代替被省略的动词,常见词有glad,happy,pleased等;但是,如果不定式中含有be,have,have
been,则不应省略
He
is
not
a
lawyer
now,but
he
used
to
be.
感官动词或使役动词(feel,notice,see,hear,let,make,have等)后接不定式作宾语补足语时常省略to
I
heard
my
father
sing
in
the
kitchen.
在由and或or连接的并列不定式结构中常省略后面的to
I
want
to
finish
my
homework
and
go
home.
在do
nothing
but,can’t
help
but,why
not,would
rather...than...,had
better等句型中省略to
The
little
boy
could
do
nothing
but
cry.
考点二　状语从句中的省略
在由when,while,if,as
if,although/though,as,until,once,whether,where等引导的状语从句中,当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句谓语含有be时,可省略状语从句的主语和be
When
(he
was)
young,he
helped
his
parents
do
a
lot
of
housework.
当从句的主语是it,谓语动词是be动词时,可以把it和be一起省略。此时构成“连词+形容词”的结构
Though
(it
was)
cold,he
still
wore
a
shirt.
在if
so/not省略句式中,用so/not代替上文的内容
Get
up
early
tomorrow.If
not(=If
you
don’t
get
up
early
tomorrow),you
will
miss
the
early
bus.
三、强调句
考点一　强调句的几种形式
强调句的基本构成为:It
is/was+被强调部分+who/that+其他成分。被强调部分指人时,可用who或that;被强调部分指物时,用that
It
was
John
who
(that)
wore
his
best
suit
to
the
dance
last
night.
It
was
his
best
suit
that
John
wore
to
the
dance
last
night.
疑问句形式为“Is/Was
it+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分”或“特殊疑问词+is/was
it+that/who+其他成分”
Was
it
in
high
school
that
you
began
playing
basketball?
Where
was
it
that
you
put
your
mobile
phone
after
coming
back?
not...until...结构中的状语成分在强调句型中被强调时,not与until要放在一起
It
was
not
until
he
removed
his
sunglasses
that
I
recognized
him.
考点二　定语从句与强调句的区别
当it
is/was后出现表示地点或时间的名词时,其后所接的从句是定语从句还是强调句,要看将it
is/was和that(可以先假设)去掉之后句式是否完整(不缺少成分),若句式完整则为强调句。
It
was
the
day
when
he
came
back.(定语从句)
It
was
on
that
day
that
he
came
back.(强调句,强调的是时间状语on
that
day,去掉It
was和that后句式完整)
四、反意疑问句
考点一　陈述部分含有宾语从句的反意疑问句
当陈述部分带有宾语从句时,反意疑问部分的主语与谓语常和主句保持一致
He
said
that
they
would
come
to
my
birthday
party,didn’t
he?
当陈述部分主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,guess,expect,imagine,且主句主语为第一人称时,反意疑问部分的主语和谓语与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致;当陈述部分主句的主语为第二、三人称时,反意疑问部分的主语和谓语与主句的主语和谓语保持一致
I
expect
our
English
teacher
will
be
back
this
weekend,won’t
he/she?
They
don’t
believe
he
will
succeed,do
they?
考点二　陈述部分含有否定词的反意疑问句
陈述部分带有seldom,hardly,scarcely,never,few,little,nothing,nobody等否定词时,反意疑问部分用肯定形式
He
could
hardly
speak
English,could
he?
带有表示否定意义的前缀构成的词时,其反意疑问部分用否定形式
He
dislikes
playing
the
piano,doesn’t
he?
五、祈使句
考点　祈使句的几种形式
“祈使句+and+简单句”表示“如果……就……”
Do
that
again
and
I’ll
call
a
policeman.
“祈使句+or+简单句”表示“……否则……”
Put
it
down,or
I’ll
smack
you.
注意有时名词短语可以看作是祈使句。
AfewmoreminutesandIwillfinishthework.
六、感叹句
考点　感叹句的几种形式
What
a(n)+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!
What
an
interesting
story
it
is!
What
a
happy
day
it
is!
What+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语!
What
beautiful
butterflies
they
are!
How+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+主语+谓语!
How
tall
a
boy
he
is!
How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!
How
well
she
plays!
专项训练巩固提升　
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.　　　　　are
three
lessons
in
the
morning
and
two
in
the
afternoon.?
2.It
was
not
until
midnight
　　　　　they
reached
the
camp
site.?
3.It
doesn’t
matter
if
they
want
to
come
to
your
birthday
party,　　　　　it??
4.We
laugh
at
jokes,but
seldom
　　　　　we
think
about
how
they
work.?
5.Only
by
keeping
down
costs
　　　　　Power
Data
hold
its
advantage
over
other
companies.?
6.Mary
never
does
any
reading
in
the
evening,
　　　　　does
John.?
7.Give
it
a
push,　　　　　
an
object
will
move
forward
and
do
work.?
8.Try
　　　　　she
might,Carolina
couldn’t
get
the
door
open.?
9.—I
reminded
you
not
to
forget
the
appointment.
—　　　　　you
did.?
10.So
much
homework
　　　　　we
have
to
do
that
we
had
no
time
to
take
a
rest.?
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.It
was
in
New
Zealand
where
Elizabeth
first
met
Mr
Smith.　　　　　?
2.At
the
foot
of
the
mountain
is
lying
a
village.　　　　　?
3.If
accept
for
the
job,you’ll
be
informed
soon.　　　　　?
4.John
has
not
yet
passed
the
driving
test,and
neither
hasn’t
Henry.　　　　　?
5.Absurd
although
it
might
sound,everyone
present
was
amused
by
his
adventure
story
in
Africa.　　　　　?
6.There
is
little
doubt
in
your
mind
that
he
is
innocent,isn’t
there?　　　　　?
7.It
seems
to
have
been
great
difficulty
in
turning
out
excellent
graduates.　　　　　?
8.Would
it
rain
tomorrow,we
would
have
to
cancel
the
football
match.　　　　　?
9.How
a
strange
plant!
I’ve
never
seen
it
before.　　　　　?
10.Don’t
forget
to
put
the
tools
back
where
they
were
after
you
have
finished
your
work,do
you?　　　　　?
Ⅲ.语法填空
Switzerland
is
famous
for
its
watches.However,this
country
didn’t
invent
the
watch.It
was
the
British
1.
did
it.Here
2.　　　　　
a
story
of
how
the
watch
was
brought
to
Switzerland.?
Many
years
ago,3.　　　　　
lived
an
Englishman.He
travelled
to
Italy
and
on
his
way
he
stopped
in
a
small
town
4.　　　　　(call)
Geneva
in
Switzerland.This
Englishman
travelled
in
a
carriage
inside
which
there
5.
a
carriage
watch.This
was
the
earliest
kind
of
watch.?
A
blacksmith
happened
to
see
the
watch.He
wondered
6.　　　　　it
was
and
asked
the
Englishman
about
it.“It
is
a
carriage
watch,”
7.　　　　　(say)
the
Englishman.“This
machine
can
tell
the
time
but
now
it
isn’t
working.”
At
once
the
man
said,“8.　　　　　
(give)
it
to
me
and
I
will
get
it
repaired.”
So
the
traveler
handed
him
the
watch.The
man
was
very
clever.9.　　　　　was
easy
for
him
to
repair
it.So
smart
10.　　　　　the
man
that
he
even
remembered
how
it
was
made.And
he
made
a
watch
of
exactly
the
same
type.?
Ⅳ.短文改错
When
talked
about
my
dream,I
recalled
my
childhood,which
I
started
learning
to
sing.At
that
time
it
was
my
interest
led
me
to
sing.Hard
although
I
learned,I
was
happy
then.And
with
time
going
on,I
have
gradually
realized
sing
is
my
whole
life.I
like
it
or
enjoy
it.I
want
to
stand
on
an
even
big
stage
to
sing
where
not
only
will
my
dream
be
come
true
but
also
I
can
send
my
beautiful
song
to
all
the
audience.I
want
to
transfer
happy
and
encouragement
to
the
audience
by
singing,letting
us
cheer
up.
专题十一　特殊句式
核心考点·课堂突破
高考感悟
1.press　2.that　3.that　4.did　5.that
专项训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.1.There　2.that　3.does　4.do　5.will/can/may　6.nor/neither
7.and　8.though/as　9.So　10.did
Ⅱ.1.where→that　2.is
lying→
lies　3.accept→accepted　4.hasn’t→has　5.although→as/though　6.isn’t→is　7.It→There
8.Would→Should　9.How→What　10.do→will
Ⅲ.1.who/that　2.is　3.there　4.called　5.was　6.what　7.said　8.give　9.It　10.was
6