2022高考英语二轮总复习专题八名词性从句（学案含解析）

专题八　名词性从句
核心考点课堂突破　
高考感悟
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.(2020·北京卷)Oliver
says
if
you’re
lucky
enough
to
have
someone
close
to
you
who
enjoys
cooking,ask
them
　　　　　you
can
join
in
when
it’s
possible.?
2.(2020·浙江卷)Over
thousands
of
years,they
began
to
depend
less
on
　　　　　could
be
hunted
or
gathered
from
the
wild,and
more
on
animals
they
had
raised
and
crops
they
had
sown.?
3.(2020·天津卷)The
student
completed
this
experiment
to
make
come
true
　　　　　Professor
Joseph
had
said.?
4.(2020·江苏卷)It
is
not
a
problem
　　　　　we
can
win
the
battle;it’s
just
a
matter
of
time.?
5.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)There
is
evidence
　　　　　they
range
all
the
way
across
the
Arctic,and
as
far
south
as
James
Bay
in
Canada.?
6.(2018·北京卷)Without
his
support,we
wouldn’t
be
　　　　　we
are
now.?
7.(2018·北京卷)This
is
　　　　　my
father
has
taught
me—to
always
face
difficulties
and
hope
for
the
best.?
8.(2018·天津卷)The
gold
medal
will
be
awarded
to
　　　　　wins
the
first
place
in
the
bicycle
race.?
9.(2018·江苏卷)By
boat
is
the
only
way
to
get
here,which
is
　　　　　we
arrived.?
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.(2017·天津卷)She
asked
me
that
I
had
returned
the
books
to
the
library,and
I
admitted
that
I
hadn’t.　　　　　?
2.(2016·全国Ⅰ卷)My
uncle
is
the
owner
of
a
restaurant
close
to
that
I
live.　　　　　?
3.(2016·全国Ⅱ卷)My
classmates
and
I
are
talking
about
how
to
do
during
the
holiday.　　　　　?
4.(2015·全国Ⅱ卷)After
looking
at
the
toy
for
some
time,he
turned
around
and
found
where
his
parents
were
missing.　　　　　?
考点归纳
考点一　名词性从句的关联词语
种类
作用
常用关联词
例句
主语
从句
在复合句中作主语,相当于名词,一般置于谓语之前,也可用it作形式主语,主语从句放主句之后
that,whether,if,as
if,as
though,who,whose,which,how,when,where,why,what,whatever,whoever,wherever,
whichever,whenever,
however,because
Whether
he
will
come
or
not
doesn’t
matter
much.
Whoever
comes
here
will
be
welcome.
表语
从句
在复合句中作表语,相当于名词,位于系动词之后
It
looks
as
if
it
is
going
to
snow.
宾语
从句
在复合句中作宾语,相当于名词
He
asked
me
which
team
could
win
the
game.
同位
语从
句
放在名词news,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,thought,hope,fact等后,表明其具体内容
You
have
no
idea
how
worried
we
are.
The
fact
that
he
lied
again
greatly
surprised
us.
考点二　主语从句
连接词
词义
在句中所作成分
例句
who,whom,which,whose,what
原疑问代词的意义;what更常表示the
thing
that/
the...that
“所……的东西/……”
主语、宾语、表语、定语
Who
kept
the
door
open
all
night
was
unknown.
whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever
无论谁、无论哪个(些)、无论什么
主语、宾语、表语、定语
Whoever
breaks
the
law
will
be
punished.
when,where,why,how
原疑问副词的意义或“……的时间(the
time
when);……的地点(the
place
where);……的原因(the
reason
why);……的方式(the
way
that)”
状语
How
this
happened
is
not
clear
to
anyone.
whenever/wherever/however
“无论什么时候/无论在哪里/无论怎么样”
状语
Wherever
she
goes
is
not
my
concern.
连词
that/whether
that无意义,whether“是否”
不作成分
Whether
they
would
support
us
was
a
problem.
考点三　it作形式主语的常见句型
It
is+名词(no
wonder,an
honor,a
good
thing,a
pity,no
surprise等)+that从句
It
is
no
surprise
that
we
will
win
the
match.
It
is+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,funny,possible,likely,certain等)+that从句
It
is
certain
that
he
will
come.
It
is+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced等)+that从句
It
is
said
that
Mr
Smith
has
arrived.
考点四　宾语从句
动词+宾语从句
I
want
to
know
what
he
has
told
you.
介词+wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句
His
father
is
worried
about
whether
he
would
lose
his
work.
besides/beyond/but/except/that
(除了)
Have
you
heard
anything
beyond
that
he
is
ill?
Criticism
and
self-criticism
is
necessary
but
that
it
helps
us
correct
our
mistakes.
续　表　　
find,feel,think,consider,make,believe等+it+宾语补足语+that引导的宾语从句
I
think
it
necessary
that
we
take
plenty
of
boiled
water
every
day.
hate,enjoy,like,love,dislike,see
to等+it+宾语从句
I
hate
it
when
they
talk
with
their
mouths
full
of
food.
形容词+宾语从句
I’m
sure
that
they
can
make
it.
考点五　表语从句
be或者其他系动词后的从句为表语从句。that引导表语从句时不能省略
The
best
moment
for
the
football
star
was
when
he
scored
the
winning
goal.
主句主语为advice,suggestion,order,request,requirement等名词时,表语从句的谓语应该用“should+动词原形”的形式,should可以省略
His
suggestion
is
that
we
(should)
change
our
course.
主语为名词reason时,表语从句的连接词用that,不用why或者because
The
reason
for
the
accident
is
that
the
driver
was
too
careless.
because,as
if,as
though,as等也可引导表语从句
This
is
because
the
light
we
see
from
the
sun
is
white.
考点六　同位语从句
常见的能接同位语从句的名词
belief,fact,hope,idea,doubt,news,conclusion,suggestion,problem,order,answer,decision,explanation,information,thought,word
引导词
同位语从句一般用that引导,但根据语境的不同,也可以用其他的连接代词和连接副词。引导同位语从句的that不能省略
例句
The
news
that
our
women
volleyball
team
had
won
the
championship
encouraged
us
all
greatly.
The
question
where
we
shall
have
a
meeting
hasn’t
been
decided.
考点七　if与whether不能互换的情况
介词后用whether不用if
It
depends
on
whether
he’s
ready.
不定式之前用whether,不用if
He
worried
whether
to
come.
名词之后用whether不用if
The
decision
whether
to
see
her
was
mine
alone.
whether可和or
not直接连用,if一般不能
I
don’t
know
whether
or
not
he
is
ready.
引导让步状语从句用whether不用if
Whether
you
like
it
or
not,you
will
have
to
do
it.
如果宾语从句放在句首,用whether不用if
Whether
this
is
true
or
not,I
can’t
say.
如果宾语从句是个否定句,用if引导不用whether引导
I
don’t
care
if
he
can’t
come.
考点八　that,what与which
that
引导名词性从句时,在从句中不充当任何句子成分,一般可省略;that引导定语从句时在从句作成分,只有作宾语时能省略
That
he
failed
the
exam
made
me
surprised.(主语从句,that不充当从句成分)
what可以引导名词性从句,其意义为“……的人/物/数目等”,不能引导定语从句
He
is
not
what
he
was
a
few
years
ago.
which
引导名词性从句,其意义为“哪一个”,可以指人也可以指物,是在已知的具体的人、事、物当中进行选择;引导定语从句时,只能当关系代词,在从句中作主语或宾语,且只能指物
Tell
me
which
book
you
like
better,the
red
one
or
the
blue
one?
I
will
buy
the
book
which
you
choose
for
you.
专项训练巩固提升　
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Before
the
sales
start,I
make
a
list
of
　　　　　my
kids
will
need
for
the
coming
season.?
2.　　　　　
struck
me
most
in
the
movie
was
the
father’s
deep
love
for
his
son.?
3.Scientists
study
　　　　　human
brains
work
to
make
computers.?
4.Modern
science
has
given
clear
evidence
　　　　　smoking
can
lead
to
many
diseases.?
5.Generally
speaking,being
hard-working
is
just
　　　　　it
takes
to
be
successful
in
your
career.?
6.The
shocking
news
made
me
realize
　　　　　terrible
problems
we
would
face.?
7.I’m
afraid
he’s
more
of
a
talker
than
a
doer,which
is
　　　　　he
never
finishes
anything.?
8.We’ve
offered
her
the
job,but
I
don’t
know
　　　　　she’ll
accept
it.?
9.It
never
occurred
to
me
　　　　　you
could
succeed
in
persuading
him
to
change
his
mind.?
10.The
notice
came
around
two
o’clock
in
the
afternoon
　　　　　the
meeting
would
be
put
off.?
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.All
what
is
hard
is
to
do
good
all
one’s
life
and
never
do
anything
bad.　　　　　?
2.It’s
uncertain
that
the
experiment
is
worth
doing.　　　　　?
3.This
is
a
fact
that
English
is
widely
used
as
an
international
language.　　　　　?
4.When
we’ll
finish
translating
the
book
depend
on
the
time.　　　　　?
5.The
reason
why
he
failed
in
the
exam
was
because
he
was
too
careless.　　　　　?
6.At
the
meeting
he
raised
a
question
if
the
project
would
be
cancelled.　　　　　?
7.He
ordered
that
the
injured
were
taken
good
care
of.　　　　　?
8.The
fact
which
she
had
not
said
anything
surprised
all
of
us.　　　　　?
9.When
and
where
we
shall
have
the
lecture
are
not
decided.　　　　　?
10.The
news
they
had
won
the
game
surprised
us.　　　　　?
Ⅲ.语法填空
Andrew
was
going
for
a
sales
job
interview.He
knew
he
had
the
least
experience
to
get
the
job.In
fact
he
wasn’t
even
sure
1.　　　　　
he’d
got
the
interview.2.　　　　　
he
did
know
was
that
he
was
very
thankful
for
the
opportunity
given
to
him.?
Though
the
interview
3.　　　　　(go)
well,it
was
impressed
on
him
again
4.　　　　　
compared
with
the
other
candidates
he
didn’t
have
the
ability
5.　　　　　(get)
the
job.As
he
left
the
building,he
gave
the
receptionist
6.　　　　　
envelope.Inside
was
a
thank-you
note
for
the
man
7.　　　　　
had
just
interviewed
him,thanking
him
for
his
time
and
for
the
opportunity.?
That
evening,Andrew
got
a
call
8.　　　　　(tell)
him
that
he’d
got
the
job.His
new
employer
knew
clearly
9.
it
wasn’t
Andrew’s
qualification
that
got
him
the
job,but
his
thank-you
note.If
Andrew
was
able
to
be
thankful
at
this
stage,he
would
be
able
to
build
positive
relationships
with
his
customers,which
was
exactly
10.
the
company
was
looking
for.Being
grateful
won
Andrew
the
job.?
Ⅳ.短文改错
Ladies
and
gentlemen,
Now
I
would
like
to
tell
you
why
I
learn
English
writing.Firstly,I
often
recited
good
English
articles,in
which
helps
me
think
in
English
when
I
imitate
English
writing.Secondly,I
also
read
English
articles
wide
so
that
I
can
take
in
as
many
language
material
as
possible.Thirdly,in
order
to
make
myself
understand,I
think
it
is
important
to
learn
some
grammar
rules,listen
to
the
radio
or
practice
speaking
English
a
lot.Fourthly,I
keep
diary
every
day
so
that
I
can
learn
by
write.Besides,I
often
refer
to
other’s
articles
to
know
what
I
need
and
what
I
can
learn
from
others.
That’s
all.Thank
you.
专题八　名词性从句
核心考点·课堂突破
高考感悟
Ⅰ.1.whether/if　2.what　3.what　4.whether　5.that　6.where/what　7.what　8.whoever　9.how
Ⅱ.1.that→whether/if　2.that→where　3.how→what　4.去掉where或where→that
专项训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.1.what　2.What　3.how　4.that　5.what　6.what　7.why
8.whether/if　9.that　10.that
Ⅱ.1.what→that　2.that→whether　3.This→It　4.depend→depends
5.because→that　6.if→whether　7.were→be　8.which→that　9.are→is　10.在news后加that
Ⅲ.1.how　2.What　3.went　4.that　5.to
get　6.an　7.who/that
8.telling　9.that　10.what
7