2022高考英语二轮总复习专题二代词学案（学案含解析）

专题二　代词
核心考点课堂突破　
高考感悟
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Data
about...,could
help
China
decide
whether
　　　　　(it)
plans
for
a
future
lunar
(月球的)
base
are
practical.?
2.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)As
well
as
looking
at
exhibits,visitors
can
play
with
computer
simulations(模拟)
and
imagine
　　　　　(they)
living
at
a
different
time
in
history
or...?
3.(2019·北京卷)Nervously
facing
challenges,I
know
I
will
whisper
to
　　　　　(I)
the
two
simple
words
“Be
yourself
”.?
4.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷)If
you
are
time
poor,you
need
run
for
only
half
the
time
to
get
the
same
benefits
as
other
sports,so
perhaps
we
should
all
give
　　　　　a
try.?
5.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)When
the
gorillas
and
I
frightened
each
other,I
was
just
glad
to
find
　　　　　(they)
alive.?
6.(2018·浙江卷)Many
westerners
who
come
to
China
cook
much
less
than
in
their
own
countries
once
they
realize
how
cheap
　　　　　can
be
to
eat
out.?
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)“Not
that
way,”
my
mom
tried
to
stop
us
but
failed.　　　　　?
2.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Best
of
luck
with
yours
learning
kung
fu
in
China.　　　　　?
3.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷)They(My
parents)
would
say
to
us
that
playing
card
games
would
help
my
brain.　　　　　?
4.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)I
had
done
myself
homework,but
I
was
shy.　　　　　?
考点归纳
考点一　代词的分类
代词可以分为以下八大类:
人称
代词
主格
I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they
宾格
me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them
物主
代词
形容
词性
my,your,his,her,its,our,their
名词
性
mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs
反身代词
myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves
续　表　　
指示代词
this,that,these,those,such,some
疑问代词
who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whichever,whatever
关系代词
that,which,who,whom,whose,as
不定
代词
普通
不定
代词
one/
some/
any,each/
every,none/
no,many/
much,few/
little/
a
few/
a
little,other/
another,all/
both,neither/
either
复合
不定
代词
something,anything,nothing,everything,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,
everyone,
no
one/none,someone,anyone
相互代词
each
other,one
another
注意1.形容词性物主代词通常用作定语,修饰名词,形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词。
2.“of(介词)+名词性物主代词(或名词所有格)”构成双重所有格,如:afriendofmine我的一个朋友。
3.人称代词用在及物动词或介词后必须用宾格形式。
考点二　it的用法
非人称
代词
It’s
quite
hot
here
in
summer,isn’t
it?
It’s
early
midnight
now.We’d
better
go
to
bed.
It’s
about
an
hour’s
drive
from
here
to
Nanchang.
指代日期、时间、季节、天气、温度、距离、重量、环境、情况等
形式
成分
形式
主语
It
is
difficult
to
understand
why
she
barks
every
minute
she
is
outside.
真正的主语由不定式、动词-ing形式或从句充当
形式
宾语
Susan
made
it
clear
to
me
that
she
wished
to
make
a
new
life
for
herself.
真正的宾语由不定式、动词-ing形式或从句充当
强调
句型
It
was
under
the
bed
that
my
brother
hid
the
ball
this
morning.
It
is
Mr
Bell
who/that
often
comes
and
looks
after
the
old
man.
指人时可以用who或that,其他情况一律用that
常见的it句型
It
is
a
pity/shame
that...真可惜……
It
is
no
wonder
that...难怪……
It
seems/appears
that...似乎/看起来……
It
looks/seems
as
if/though...看起来好像……
It
happened
that...碰巧……
It
occurs
to/comes
to/strikes/hits
sb.that...某人突然想起……
It
is
said/reported
that...据说/据报道……
It
is
no
use
/good
doing...做……没有用/好处。
It
takes
sb.some
time
to
do...做……花费某人多长时间。
It
is
certain
that...……是一定的。
See
to
it
that...确保……
Count
on/rely
on/depend
on
it
that...相信……
as
someone
puts
it
像某人说的那样
When
it
comes
to...当涉及/谈到……
I
can’t
help
it...我没办法/情不自禁……
I
take
it
that...我理解的是……
It’s
(high)
time
that
sb.
did
sth.是某人该做某事的时候了。
It’s
the
first/second/...time
that
sb.have/has
done
sth.这是某人第一次/二次/……次做某事了。
It
is/has
been...since...自从……已经过了……时间了。
It
will
be/was...before...要过……时间才……/在……之前已过了……时间。
I
hate/enjoy/appreciate/dislike/love/like/prefer
it
when/if...我讨厌/喜欢/感激……
考点三　it,one,that的区别
it
指代上文提到的表特指的单数可数名词或不可数名词,即“同类又同物”,复数形式为they/them
one
表示“同类不同物”,只能代替可数名词单数,相当于a/an+可数名词单数
that
表示“同类不同物”,指代前文出现的表特指的可数名词单数或不可数名词。(复数名词用those指代)those=the
ones
注意theone特指前面的可数名词单数,有时可以用that来代替(尤其是后面有后置定语时);theones特指上文提到的复数名词,有时可以用those代替,尤其在有后置定语的情况下。
Thebooksonthedeskarebetterthanthose/theonesunderthedesk.(those/theones替代thebooks)
考点四　some与any
用法
例句
some多用于肯定句,any多用于疑问句和否定句
—Have
you
got
any
bookmarks?
—No,I
don’t
have
any
bookmarks.
I
have
some
questions
to
ask.
some可用于疑问句中,表示盼望得到肯定的答复,或者表示建议、请求等
Have
you
got
some
stamps?(希望得到肯定的回答)
Would
you
like
some
coffee?(表示请求、邀请)
some
和any修饰可数名词单数时,some表示某个,any表示任何一个
I
have
read
this
article
in
some
magazine.
Please
correct
the
mistakes,if
any.
some和数词连用表示“大约”,any可与比较级连用表示程度
There
are
some
3,000
students
in
this
school.
Do
you
feel
any
better
today?
考点五　each和every
each强调个别,代表的数可以是两个或两个以上。作定语或主语时谓语动词用单数
Each
student
has
his
own
dictionary.
Each
has
his
good
point.
续　表　　
every只能作定语,强调整体,所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。作定语时谓语动词用单数。every+
基数词+
复数名词=every+
序数词+
单数名词,作“每(多少)”解,但each不能用于这一结构中
I
know
every
member
of
your
family.
every
three
days
每三天或每隔两天,相当于
every
third
day。
There
are
many
shops
on
every
side
of
the
street.(every改为each)
考点六　noone,none,nobody和nothing
no
one
指人或物,作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式,不能与of连用
No
one
knows
how
long
it
will
last.
none
可指人也可指物,作主语时,如和
of
连用指不可数名词时,谓语动词要用单数形式;指可数名词时,谓语动词用单、复数均可
None
of
them
has/have
seen
me
before.
None
of
this
money
belongs
to
me.
nobody
用来指人,作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式,不能与of连用
Nobody
wants
to
remain
a
beginner.
nothing
用来指物,作主语时谓语动词用单数形式
Nothing
is
difficult
in
the
world
if
you
put
your
heart
into
it.
考点七　another,other,theother和others
other
表示“别的”“另外的”,只能与复数名词连用。但other前有冠词the即可与单数名词连用
Do
you
have
any
other
question(s)?
the
other
指两个人或物中的一个,后可加单数名词,也可加复数名词
He
has
two
daughters.One
is
a
nurse,the
other
is
a
worker.
another
指另一个,没有固定的范围
This
glass
is
broken.Get
me
another
one.
others
不能作定语,表示复数意义,相当于“other+复数名词”
Some
people
like
football;others
like
volleyball.
考点八　复合不定代词
作主语时谓语动词用单数
Somebody
has
parked
his
car
right
in
front
of
mine.
受定语修饰时,定语后置
Please
be
quiet.I’ve
got
something
important
to
say.
其后一般不接of
短语,不定代词若是指物或后接
of
短语,可用
any
one,every
one
Every
one
of
the
movies
I
saw
last
week
was
interesting.
常见短语:
nothing
but只不过
anything
but绝不;根本不
something
of有点儿……;在某种程度上是
nothing
to
do
with和……没关系
for
nothing免费;白白地;白费;无缘无故地
second
to
none名列前茅
考点九　部分否定与全部否定
部分
否定
all,both,every,everyone,everybody,everything用在否定句中
Not
every
student
goes
to
the
farm
on
Sunday.=Every
student
doesn’t
go
to
the
farm
on
Sunday.不是每个学生星期天都去农场。
续　表　　
全部
否定
none,no
one,nobody,nothing,neither,not
any
No
one/
Nobody
in
our
class
likes
football.我们班没有人喜欢足球。
专项训练巩固提升　
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.We
had
fun
and
enjoyed
　　　　　(we)
during
the
daytime.?
2.I
would
appreciate
　　　　　very
much
if
you
can
do
me
a
favor.?
3.Susan
made
　　　　　clear
to
me
that
she
wished
to
make
a
new
life
for
herself.?
4.In
some
countries,people
eat
with
chopsticks,while
in
　　　　　,knives
and
forks.?
5.I’d
appreciate
　　　　　if
you
could
let
me
know
in
advance
whether
or
not
you
will
come.?
6.It’s
an
either-or
situation—we
can
buy
a
new
car
this
year
or
we
can
go
on
holiday
but
we
can’t
do
　　　　　.?
7.She’d
lived
in
London
and
Manchester
but
she
liked
　　　　　and
moved
to
Cambridge.?
8.At
our
factory
there
are
a
few
machines
similar
to
　　　　　described
in
this
magazine.?
9.When
he
took
his
gloves
off,I
noticed
that
　　　　　one
had
his
name
written
inside.?
10.I
prefer
the
large
box
to
the
small
　　　　　.?
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.Of
all
the
subjects
I
like
English
best.I
had
been
learning
them
for
eleven
years.　　　　　?
2.John,my
Spanish
teacher,said,
“Take
easy;it
is
just
a
small
quiz.”　　　　　?
3.Some
of
the
houses
have
bathrooms
but
much
do
not.　　　　　?
4.It
was
the
first
time
he
felt
he
had
achieved
something
by
him.　　　　　?
5.Suzhou
is
not
far
from
Shanghai,so
you
can
easily
visit
all
in
a
day.　　　　　?
6.Mrs
Zhang,who
is
our
new
teacher,is
so
concerned
about
us
that
we
are
all
fond
of
him.　　　　　?
7.Poor
little
Jack
upset
his
stomach
by
eating
too
many
rich
food.　　　　　?
8.From
there
I
saw
the
bull
kicking
my
food
bag
with
their
feet.　　　　　?
9.In
some
countries,people
eat
with
chopsticks,while
in
other,knives
and
forks.　　　　　?
10.At
our
factory
there
are
a
few
machines
similar
to
them
described
in
this
magazine.　　　　　?
Ⅲ.语法填空
Tom
liked
to
make
up
stories
about
the
giants
that
threatened(威胁)
the
peace
of
1.　　　　　
(he)own
land,but
he
knew
that
the
real
giant
in
his
life
was
Janice.Of
course,
2.　　　　　
wasn’t
only
Tom
and
his
best
friend
John
that
Janice
was
after.She
had
two
friends,Wilma
and
Bobby,who
were
almost
as
big
as
she
was,and
the
three
of
3.　　　　　(they)
would
wander
around
the
playground,grabbing
up
rocks,running
through
jump
ropes,and
laughing
while
second
graders
screamed.
4.　　　　　(them)
would
even
stand
outside
the
girls’
room
every
morning
and
make
the
little
girls
give
them
5.　　　　　
(they)milk
money
before
they’d
let
them
go
to
the
bathroom.?
Belle,John’s
little
sister,unfortunately,was
a
slow
learner.Her
daddy
had
brought
6.　　　　　
(she)a
package
of
Twinkies,and
she
was
so
proud
that
as
soon
as
she
got
on
the
school
bus,she
forgot
everything
she
knew
and
yelled
to
another
first
grader,“Guess
what
I
got
in
my
lunch
today,Billy?”?
“What?”
“Twinkies!”she
shouted
so
loud
that
you
could
have
heard
her
in
the
back
seat
even
if
you
were
deaf
in
7.
ears.Out
of
the
corner
of
his
eye,John
thought
he
saw
Janice
brighten
up.
When
they
sat
down,Belle
was
still
talking
about
her
Twinkies
loudly.“8.　　　　　(I)
daddy
brought
them
to
me
from
Washington.”?
John
threw
another
look
at
the
back
seat.“You’d
better
shut
up
about
9.　　　　　
(that)
Twinkies”
he
said
in
her
ear.“You’re
just
jealous(嫉妒的)
because
Daddy
did
bring
you
none.”“OK.”
He
turned
to
Tom
to
say,“Warned
her,didn’t
I?
”
and
Tom
nodded
back.?
Neither
of
10.　　　　　(they)
was
too
surprised
to
see
Belle
come
screaming
toward
them
at
break
time.“She
stole
my
Twinkies!”John
sighed.“Belle,didn’t
I
tell
you?”?
Ⅳ.短文改错
This
morning
was
very
unusually
for
me.My
car
was
run
into
by
the
woman’s
car.As
a
result,neither
my
car
nor
her
car
was
drivable.Luckily
no
one
hurt.Remembering
all
the
stories
of
kindness
and
love
our
teacher
once
tells
us,I
didn’t
get
angry
with
this
poor
woman
whom
was
crying.However,I
invited
her
into
my
car
to
warm
up
since
it
was
freezing
outside.We
chatted
with
while
waiting
for
the
police.She
soon
stopped
cry
and
we
ended
up
saying
goodbye
with
smile.I’m
glad
to
have
kept
kindness
in
my
heart.Without
them,this
morning
could
have
gone
very
differently.
专题二　代词
核心考点·课堂突破
高考感悟
Ⅰ.1.its　2.themselves　3.myself　4.it　5.them　6.it
Ⅱ.1.us→me　2.yours→your/you　3.us→me　4.myself→my/the
专项训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.1.ourselves　2.it　3.it　4.others　5.it　6.both　7.neither
8.those　9.each　10.one
Ⅱ.1.them→it　2.在easy前加it　3.much→many　4.him→himself　5.all→both　6.him→her　7.many→much　8.their→its
9.other→others　10.them→those
Ⅲ.1.his　2.It　3.them　4.They　5.their　6.her　7.both　8.My　9.those　10.them
7