Unit 1 How can we become good learners. Section A grammar-4c 课件(共38张PPT)

(共38张PPT)
Unit
1
How
can
we
become
good
learners?
Free
talk
What
is
the
relationship
between
body
parts
and
language
learning?
listen
listening
ear
say
talk
speak
read
ask
answer
repeat
mouth
vocabulary
speaking
pronunciation
look
see
watch
check
reading
eye
vocabulary
translate
match
write
copy
number
grammar
writing
hand
How
do
you
learn
English?
I
learn
by
studying
with
a
group.
Do
you
learn
English
by
reading
aloud?
Yes,
I
do.
It
helps
my
pronunciation.
How
can
I
read
faster?
You
can
read
faster
by
reading
word
groups.
How
can
I
improve
my
pronunciation?
One
way
is
by
listening
to
tapes.
Grammar
Focus
定义:
它是一种兼有动词和名词特征
的非谓语动词形式。
基本形式:
V-ing
作用:
动名词具有名词的性质，在句中可
以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。
基本用法
1.
用作主语
所表动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。
e.g.
Playing
with
fire
is
dangerous.
注意：动名词做主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。
It
is
no
use/
good
/
useless
+
doing…
It
is
a
waste
of
time
+
doing
…
It
is
fun
+
doing
…
在以上结构中常用动名词作主语。
e.g.
It’s
no
use
crying
over
spilt
milk.
(覆水难收）
It
is
fun
playing
with
children.
和孩子们一起玩真好。
2.
用作宾语
1)
作动词的宾语
常见的此类动词有：practise,
enjoy,
finish,
give
up,
cannot
help,
keep,
keep
on,
mind,
miss,
put
off,
depend
on,
think
about,
succeed
in,
worry
about,
be
used
to,
get
used
to,
look
forward
to,
pay
attention
to,
等。
e.g.
How
do
you
practice
speaking?
2)
作介词的宾语
1.
I
learn
English
by
doing
grammar
exercises.
2.
Shall
we
have
a
rest
or
get
down
to
doing
our
work?
3.
He
was
late
again
because
of
getting
up
late.
4.
Lock
the
doors
and
windows
before
going
out.
5.
What/How
about
the
two
of
us
playing
games？
remember,
forget,
regret,
mean,
try等，但表达的意义不同。
e.g.
I
remember
seeing
her
at
the
hotel.
我记得在宾馆见过她。(动作发生了)
I
will
remember
to
see
her
at
the
hotel.
我记得要去宾馆见她。(动作尚未发生)
既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有：
1.
remember/forget/
regret
to
do
动作尚未发生
doing
动作已经发生
2.
try
to
do
设法、努力去做，尽力
doing
试试去做（看有何结果）
3.
mean
to
do
打算做（主语一般是人）
doing
意味着（主语一般是物）
4.
regret
to
do
对将要做的事抱歉
doing
对已经发生的事感到后悔
5.
stop
to
do
停下去做另外一件事
doing
停止做手头的事情
３.作表语
动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。
e.g.
Your
task
is
cleaning
the
windows.
你的任务就是擦窗户。
(Cleaning
the
windows
is
your
task.)
What
I
hate
most
is
being
laughed
at.
我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。
(Being
laughed
at
is
what
I
hate
most.)
动名词有时态和语态的变化。
动名词的时态和语态的基本形式:
时态
语态
一般时
完成时
主动语态
writing
having
written
被动语态
being
written
having
been
written
注意：动名词的否定形式是：not
writing
动名词的复合结构：
动名词的逻辑主语＋动名词＝动名词的复合结构
Would
you
mind
_____（我开窗户吗）?
Would
you
mind
my
/
me
opening
the
window?
my/
me
称为动名词的逻辑主语。
I
can’t
understand
Jack
/Jack’s
leaving
his
wife.
I
can’t
understand
his/him
leaving
his
wife.
Jack’s/
His
leaving
his
wife
is
unbelievable.
1.
My
watch
needs
________,
but
I
have
no
time
to
go
to
town
to
have
it
_______.
A.
to
repair;
repaired
B.
to
be
repaired;
repairing
C.
repairing;
repaired
D.
being
repaired;
repaired
2.
You
should
apologize
to
your
sister
for
_____
her
the
truth.
A.
telling
B.
not
telling
C.
telling
not
D.
not
tell
3.
---The
light
in
the
office
is
still
on.
---Oh,
I
forgot
___________
it
off.
A.
turning
B.
turn
C.
to
turn
D.
having
turned
4.
Hearing
the
bad
news,
the
mother
couldn’t
help
________.
A.
to
cry
B.
crying
C.
cry
D.
cries
5.
Our
teacher
told
us
to
spend
some
time
_______
English
every
day.
A.
to
practise
speaking
B.
practising
speaking
C.
to
practise
to
speak
D.
practising
to
speak
6.
It
is
no
use
_______
without
doing.
A.
to
promise
B.
promising
C.
promise
D.
to
be
promised
4a
Match
the
questions
and
answers.
1.
How
do
you
practice
speaking?
2.
How
do
you
learn
new
words?
3.
How
do
you
improve
your
writing?
4.
How
do
you
practice
listening?
5.
How
do
you
improve
your
pronunciation?
6.
How
do
you
learn
grammar?
a.
By
watching
English
programs.
b.
By
listening
to
a
tape
and
repeating
out
loud.
c.
By
having
conversations
with
friends.
d.
By
taking
notes,
doing
exercises
and
reading
a
lot.
e.
By
making
word
cards.
f.
By
writing
e-mails
to
my
pen
pals.
Keys:
1.
c
2.
e
3.
f
4.
a
5.
b
6.
d
4b
Make
sentences
using
the
structure
“do
sth.
by
doing”
with
the
subjects
in
the
box
and
information
that
is
true
for
you.
math
physics
chemistry
Chinese
history
geography
e.g.
I
usually
practice
my
English
by
taking
notes/
reading
books
and
newspapers
speaking
English
with
my
classmates
/
memorizing
sentence
patterns.
Complete
these
statements.
Use
information
that
is
true
for
you.
I
like
to
practice
my
English
by
taking
notes
/
reading
books
and
newspapers
/
speaking
English
with
my
classmates
/
memorizing
sentence
patterns.
I
like
to
learn
math
by_______________
_________________________________.
I
like
to
practice
my
physics
by___________
_____________________________________.
d.
I
like
to
improve
my
chemistry
by_______
____________________________________
.
e.
I
like
to
practice
my
Chinese
by_________
____________________________________.
I
like
to
improve
my
history
and
geography
by___________________________________
_____________________________________
4c
Check
(?)
what
you
do
to
learn
English.
Then
interview
your
partner.
A:
Do
you
learn
English
by
doing
grammar
exercises?
B:
Yes,
I
do.
A:
How
often
do
you
do
them?
B:
...
I
learn
English
My
partner
learns
by…
English
by…
doing
grammar
exercises
taking
notes
in
English
reading
English
books/magazines
keeping
a
diary
in
English
using
an
English
dictionary
yes
no
yes
no
how
often
how
often
?
?
?
?
?
every
day
every
day
every
week
根据提示，用含有by的短语完成句子：???
1.
Come?and?sit?_________（我旁边）．?
????
2.
________________（到上星期日）
I?had
?finished
the?book．???
3.
She?came?home?___________（乘飞机）．???
4.
Did?you?make?the?desk?__________(独自）?
5．_________（顺便问下）,?how?many?
people?are?there?in?your?family????
by
me
By
last
Sunday
by
plane
by
yourself
By
the
way
6.
It?has?been?turned?into?water__________
（受热）．???
7．__________（不久以后）,?more?and?more?
people?began?to?study?English.
8.
The?Great?Wall?was?built________
(用手)．
9.
Then?___________(逐渐地)?the?smoke?grew?
heavier?and?thicker?until?finally?it?
turned
?
into?a?terrible?Genie．???
10.
If?your?son?feels?well?enough?to?watch?
TV_________（到那时）,?he’ll?be?fine?
after?the?game．
by
the
heat
By
and
by
by
hand
little
by
little
by
then
三.
根据要求完成句子，每空一词。
My
brother
usually
studies
English
by
working
with
friends.
(对画线部分提问)
_____
____
your
brother
usually
study
English?
2.
This
boy
isn’t
old
enough
to
do
this
job.
(改为同义句)
This
boy
is
____
______
____
do
this
job.
too
young
to
How
does
3.
Cindy
and
her
sister
dance
differently.
(改为同义句)
Cindy
and
her
sister
dance
____
_________
ways.
4.
The
best
way
of
learning
new
words
is
by
reading
English
magazines.
(改为同义句)
The
best
way
___
_____
new
words
is
by
reading
English
magazines.
different
in
to
learn
Write
a
short
composition
about
how
to
learn
English.