中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Module
6
Problems
交际话题:
本单元主要介绍学生生活中的问题以及解决的方法。
一、重点单词:
deal
n.?协议
exam
n.?考
试
fail?v.
未能及格;未能达到
guitar
n.?吉
他
instrument?n.?乐器;仪器
musical?
adj.音乐的
habit?n.习惯
schoolwork?
n.?学生课业;功课
volunteer
n
&
v.?志
愿者
necessary?
adj.
?必要的;必需的
shame?n.?可惜;遗憾
instead?
dv.?代替;而不是
reason?n.?原因;理由
angry?
adj.?愤怒的;生气的
engineer
n.?工
程师
epair
?v.?修理;修补
truth?n.?事实,真理
least?
adj.?最少的;最小的
honest?adj.?诚实的;老实的
apologize?v.?认错;道歉bill?n.?账单
二、重点短语:
instead
of?而
不是
come
round?拜
访
No
longer?不再
be?angry?with?sb.?生某人的气
get?into?the?habit?of…?养成……的习惯
try
out?试
用
at?least?至少;起码
pocket?money?零花钱
last?word?最终决定
give?up放弃
in?the?past
在过去
make?progress?取得进步
do?well?in
在……方面擅长
refuse?to?do?sth.?拒绝做某事
三、核心句型:
1.
Anyway,
you
wanted
me
to
learn
an
instrument.
而且,你想让我学习一种乐器。
2.
No,
it
isn’t
necessary
to
do
it
now.
不,它现在不需要做了。
3.
I
want
you
to
get
into
the
habit
of
doing
your
homework
as
soon
as
you
come
home
from
school.我想让你养成一放学就回家做家庭作业的习惯。
4.
I
really
don’t
think
you
should
go
to
the
library
so
much.
我真的认为你不应该那么频繁去去图书馆。
5.
It
is
bad
enough
that
you
used
your
dad’s
computer
to
play
games
when
he
told
you
not
to.
当你父
亲告诉你不要用他的电脑玩游戏时,你还要玩是不够好。
6.
It
is
not
as
important
as
homework.
它不如家庭作业重要。
四、知识解析
Unit
1
If
I
start
after
dinner,
I’ll
finish
it
before
I
go
to
bed.
学点1
fail/fe?l/v.未能及格;未能达到
Tom
has
failed
an
exam.
汤姆已经在一门考试中不及格。(教材42页)
fail可用作及物或不及物动词,意为“未能及格;未能达到”。常用语以下结构:
(1)
fail
(in)
sth.
例如:
?She?failed?(in)?her?exams?again.?她考试又没有及格。?
(2)
fail
in
(doing)
sth.
例如:
He
failed
in
being
admitted
to
a
university.
他没考上大学。
(3)
fail
to
do
sth.
例如:
He?failed?to?get?there?on?time.?他未能准时赶到那儿。?
【拓展】?
?failure??是不可数名词,意为“失败”。例如:?Failure?is?the?mother?of?success.?失败乃成功之母。
【典例】
(2021·山东东营)
—I’ve
tried
hard
at
my
school
work
but
still
________
.
—
Don’t
be
upset.
Sometimes
losing
is
only
a
sign
that
you
really
tried.
A.
failed
B.
worried
C.
improved
D.
succeeded
解析
考查动词词义辨析。句意:—我已经努力学习我的功课,但是仍然_______。—不要难过。有时失败只是你真正尽力的一个标志。fail失败;worry担心;improve提高;succeed成功。由“Don’t
be
upset”可知是指“尽管尽力了,仍然没有成功”。故选A。
答案
A
学点2
“It
is/was+adj.+to
do
sth.”
结构的用法。
No,
it
isn’t
necessary
to
do
it
now.不打算作,它不需要现在做了。(教材42页)
It
is
/
was
+
adj.
+
to
do
sth.
意为“做某事是……的”,to
do
sth.为句子的真正的主语,而it为形式主语,形式主语不能用别的词来代替,句中可在形容词后加for
sb.,意为“对于某人来说,做某事是……的”。例如:
It’s
necessary
for
us
to
eat
more
fruit
and
vegetables.
对我们来说,多吃蔬菜和水果是必要的。
【拓展】
这个句型中的for
sb.有时也可以用of
sb.
二者意义有区别:
(1)
在It’s
+
adj.
+
for
sb.
to
do
sth.
中,for
sb.意为“对某人来说”,句中的形容词是用来说明to
do
sth.的,形式主语只能用it。例如:
It’s
necessary
for
the
students
to
do
some
housework.
对于学生们来说,做些家务是十分必要的。
(2)
在It’s
+
adj.
+
of
sb.
to
do
sth.
中of
sb.
意为“某人……”,句中形容词可与逻辑主语sb.
构成系表结构,即形容词是用来说明或形容sb.(某人)的。例如:
It’s
very
kind
of
you
to
help
us.
你能帮助我们真是太好了。
【典例】(2021·江苏连云港)
It's
really
______him
to
drive
after
drinking
so
much
wine.
A.
crazy
of
B.
gentle
of
C.
brave
for
D.
wise
for
解析
考查固定句型。句意:喝了如此多的白酒之后去开车他真是疯了。根据形容词crazy表示人的属性,可知用固定句型It’s
+adj.
+
of
sb.
to
do
sth.意为“做了某事某人是怎么样的”。故选A。
答案
A
学点
3
get
into
the
habit
of...养成……的习惯
You
ought
to
get
into
the
habit
of
planning
your
work
at
the
beginning
of
each
week.你应该养成在每周开始就安排好你的工作的习惯。
get
into
the
habit
of相当于form
the
habit
of,其中habit是名词,意为“习惯”。
与habit相关的短语:
be
in/have
the
habit
of
有……的习惯;break
the
habit
of
改掉……的习惯
【典例】(2021·武汉)
汉翻英。
不要养成迟到的习惯。__________________________________.
解析:祈使句的否定式是在句首加Don’t.
答案:Don’t
get
into
the
habit
of
being
late.
学点4
think后面的宾语从句否定句的否定转移
I
really
don’t
think
you
should
go
to
the
library
so
much.我真的认为你不应该那么频繁去图书馆。(教材42页)
本句中的not是否定从句的,当think后接的宾语从句为含有not的否定句时,该否定应移至主句,即否定主句的谓语动词。例如:
I
don’t
think
it
will
rain
tomorrow.
我认为明天不会下雨。
【拓展】
…think后经常用it作形式宾语,即“…
think
it(形式宾语)
+
adj.
+
for
sb.
+
动词不定式”意为“某人认为……如何”。例如:
Do
you
think
it
useful
for
us
to
read
more
books?
你认为我们多读书有用吗?
【典例】(2021·四川德阳)I
think
it’s
useful
for
you______a
second
language.
A.
learn
B.
to
learn
C.
learning
D.
to
learning
解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:我认为学习一门第二语言是有用的。It’s
adj.
for
sb.
to
do
sth.为固定句型,意为“某人做某事是……的”。故选B。
答案:B
学点5
consider/k?n's?d?/v.考虑,斟酌
Please
consider
my
suggestion.请考虑我的建议。
consider后接动名词或名词作宾语。例如:
For
your
next
vacation,
why
not
consider
visiting
Paris?你下次度假,何不考虑去巴黎呢?
consider
sb./sth.+to
be/as+名词:认为某人/某物是……
例如:
I
consider
your
sister
as
a
good
assistant.
我认为你姐姐是一个好助手。
【典例】(2021·湖北荆州)—
I
don't
know
where
to
go
this
summer
vacation.
—
Why
not
visiting
Jingzhou?
There
are
many
places
of
interest.
A.
regard
B.
consider
C.
wonder
D.
suggest
解析
B考查动词词义辨析
句意:--我不知道这个暑假去哪儿。--为什么不______去荆州?那里有许多名胜古迹。regard看作;consider考虑;wonder想知道;suggest建议。根据句意应该是考虑去荆州。故选B。
答案
B
Unit
2
If
you
tell
him
the
truth
now
you
will
show
that
you
are
honest.
学点6
use...for...把……用于……
He
uses
it
for
his
work
and
I
can
only
use
it
for
my
homework.
他把电脑用于工作,我只能用于我的作业。(教材44页)
1)强调用途或作用,for后一般接名词或动名词,be
used
for
doing
sth.相当于be
used
to
do
sth.。如:
MP5
can
be
used
for
listening
to
music
and
seeing
the
films.
MP5可以用来听音乐和看电影。2)be
used
as...意为“被用作……”。例如:
In
many
countries,English
is
used
as
the
second
language.
在许多国家,英语被用作第二语言。
3)used
to
do
sth.意为“过去常常做某事”,表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作或状态,暗示现在不做了,to为不定式符号,后跟动词原形。例如:
I
used
to
go
shopping
on
Saturdays,but
now
I
no
longer
do
so.过去我常常星期六去购物,但现在我不再那样了。
4)be
used
to
doing
sth.表示“习惯做某事”,to是介词,后一般接名词或动名词。例如:
He
is
used
to
staying
up
late.
他习惯熬夜。
【典例】(2018·甘肃武威)Sunglasses
are
used
______
protecting
your
eyes
on
sunny
days.
A.for B.to C.with D.in
解析:句意:墨镜被用于在晴天保护你的眼睛。短语be
used
for
doing
sth.被用来做某事,介词for后跟动名词作宾语。故选A。
答案:A
学点7.
repair/r?'pe?/v.修理,修补用法
You
should
also
pay
the
bill
to
repair
the
computer.
你还应该为修理电脑付费。(教材44页)
例如:
Can
you
repair
my
bike
now?
现在你能修理一下我的自行车吗?
【考点】辨析
mend与repair
mend
指修补衣服、鞋袜等小东西,使之可再用。
repair
指修理构造较复杂或损坏较严重的物体,如车辆、机器等,使之再次完整。
【典例】(2021·郑州)选词并用其适当的形式填空。
1.He
makes
a
living
by
______
(mend/repair)
shoes.
2.I
must
have
my
car
________
(mend/repair)
at
once.
解析:1.题意是:“他以修鞋为生。”修补衣服、鞋袜等小东西,用mend,在介词后用动名词,故填mending。
2.
题意是:“我必须马上让人修理我的小汽车。”修理构造较复杂或损坏较严重的物体,如车辆、机器等用repaire。固定结构“have
sth.+过去分词”,表示“让别人做某事”。故填repaired.
答案:1.mending
2.
repaired
学点8
truth/tru?θ/n.事实;真相
If
you
tell
him
the
truth
now,
he
will
be
angry
with
you.
如果你现在告诉他真相,他会很生你的气。(教材44页)
1)truth是名词,意为“事实;真相”;形容词为true“真的;真实的”;副词truly“真正地;确实地”。短语tell
the
truth意为“讲真话”。例如:
Is
it
true
that
they're
getting
married?
他们真要结婚了吗?
2)to
tell
the
truth用作插入语,意为“说实话”。
【典例】
(2021?江苏无锡)
用所给词的适当形式填空。
Don't
look
at
me
like
that!I'm
telling
you
the
________
(true).
学点9
at
least
至少
【典例】The
shoes
cost
at
least
five
hundred
dollars.这双鞋至少花了500美元。
at
least意为“至少”,表示最低限度。at可以与形容词或副词最高级连用,如at
his
best“在他最佳的状态”;at
worst“往最坏处说”;at
most“至多”。
【典例】(2021·昆明)根据汉语完成句子。
If
you
must
go,______
_____(至少)
wait
until
the
rain
stops.
解析:句意:如果你必须走,至少等到雨停了。根据汉语提示用短语at
least。
学点10
worth
/wз:θ/
adj
.
值得,有价值的
Your
idea
is
well
worth
considering
.
你的想法非常值得考虑。
worth作为形容词,常与be动词连用,be
worth后可接名词、代词或动名词形式,表示“值得……”。常用句式:be(well)worth
doing
sth.(很)值得做某事。
例句The
TV
programme
is
well
worth
watching
.这个电视节目很值得一看。
worth后的动名词与句子的主语有动宾关系,但该动名词只能用主动形式表示被动意义。
【典例】(2021·江苏泰州)
Amazing
China(《厉害了,我的国》)wins
high
praise
from
the
public.
I
think
the
documentary
is
well
worth
______.
A.
watch
B.
to
watch
C.
watching
D.
watched
解析
C
考查非谓语动词。句意:《厉害了,我的国》从公众那儿赢得了很高的评价,我认为这部纪录片很值得一看。表示“某事值得做”,应用be
worth
doing。故选C。
答案
C
Unit
3
Language
in
use
学点11
refuse用法
She
refused
to
let
me
wear
them,
because
she
bought
them
for
her
sixteenth
birthday
party.她拒绝让我穿,因为那双鞋是为她16岁生日聚会买的。(教材47页)
refuse在这里是及物动词,意为“拒绝,谢绝”。refuse后跟动词不定式,不可以跟动名词。例句:
Why
do
you
refuse
his
help?
你为什么拒绝他的帮助?
【典例】
(2021江苏扬州)—
I
offered
Sandy
a
helping
hand.
However,
she
_____
it.
—
Maybe
she
can
manage
herself.
A.
received
B.returned
C.refused
D.
rewarded
解析
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我向桑迪伸出援助之手。但是,她拒绝了。—或许她能够控制自己。receive收到;return归还,返还,回报;refuse拒绝;reward奖励,奖赏。承接上文意义,下文副词however“然而”表示的转折句意提示用动词refuse表示“拒绝”。故选C。
答案
C
学点12
warn的用法
They
have
warned
him
about
not
working
hard.
他们曾经(因为彼得)不努力而警告过他了。(教材47页)
warn作动词,意为“对某人警告,提醒,告诫”。
1)
warn
sb.
(not)
to
do
sth.
警告某人(不要)做某事。
Miss
Smith
often
warns
us
not
to
swim
alone.史密斯老师经常警告我们不要独自游泳。
2)
warn
sb.
of/about
sth.提醒/警告某人注意某事。
We
warn
them
about
the
traffic
safety.关于交通安全,我们提醒过他们。
3)warn
sb.
against
(doing)
sth.
警告某人不要做某事。
The
policemen
warned
him
against
crossing
the
road
at
that
time.警察警告他不要在那时过马路。【典例】(2021·海南中考)The
policeman
warned
the
man______
after
drinking.
A.
not
to
drive
B.
to
drive
C.
driving
解析
考查固定搭配。短语warn
sb.(not)to
do
sth.“警告某人(不要)做某事”。根据常识酒后不能驾驶,所以此处应该是warn
sb.
not
to
do
sth.
结构。故选A。
答案
A
五、核心语法:
含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句(二)
含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句(二)
在含有if引导的条件状语从句复合句中,主句和从句在时态上要遵循以下原则:
1.如果主句用一般将来时,if引导的从句应该用一般现在时表示将来。例如:
If
Jim
doesn’t
work
hard,
he
will
fail
his
exams.如果吉姆不努力学习,他考试会不及格。
2.如果主句是祈使句或者含有情态动词的句子if
从句应该用一般现在时。例如:
If
it
stops
snowing,
we
can
go
out
for
a
walk.如果雪停止了,我们就可以出去散步。
【典例】(2021·辽宁葫芦岛)—The
pollution
in
the
sea
is
terrible!
—I
believe
the
sea
will
be
cleaner
we
take
action
now.
A.
though
B.
if
C.
unless
D.
until
解析
考查连词词义辨析。句意为:海里的污染很糟糕!我相信海洋将会变得更加干净
我们现在采取行动。though引导让步状语从句;if
如果,引导条件状语从句;是否,引导宾语从句;unless除非;如果不,引导条件状语从句;until引导时间状语从句。从前后句意关系可知此处表条件,可排除A、D项;后句是前一句的条件且表示顺承关系,可排除C项。故选B。
答案
B
核心素养在线
本模块以“Problems”为话题,主要讲述了青少年在成长过程中遇到的一些心理问题,并针对这些心理提出了解决问题的方案。通过本模块的学习,学生应树立正确的人生观和价值观,学会和父母以及同学沟通交流的能力。你是否也遇到过同样的问题呢?你是怎样解决的?我们看看下面这两个同学的方案吧
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根据短文内容及首字母提示填写单词,使短文完整通顺。
Dear
Serina,
Lisa
and
I
are
in
the
same
class
and
she
sits
next
to
me.
She
is
an
excellent
student
and
I
can
learn
a
lot
from
her.
H1
,
she
talks
so
much
that
sometimes
I
can't
pay
attention
to
my
study.
I
want
to
change
seats
with
another
girl,but
I'm
a__2__
it
will
hurt
Lisa's
feeling.
What
s__3__
I
do?Yours,
Winnie
Dear
Winnie,
I'm
s__4__
to
learn
that
Lisa
is
making
it
difficult
for
you
to
pay
attention
to
your
study.
However,I
think
Lisa
talks
to
you
b__5__
she
likes
you.
What's
m__6__,
she
can
help
you
with
your
study.
In
my
o__7__,
you
should
get
to
know
her
better.
Once
you
b__8__
close
friends,it
will
be
easier
for
you
to
talk
to
her
and
tell
her
how
you
feel
about
the
problem.
I'm
s__9__
she
will
understand
you.I
hope
you
like
my
s
10
.Yours,Serina
答案1.
However
2.
afraid 3.
should 4.sorry
5.because
6.
more
7.
opinion
8.
become
9.sure
10.
suggestion
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