(共160张PPT)
人教版(2019)新教材高中英语选择性必修第四册
Unit
4
SHARING
分享
Words
and
Expressions
parcel
1.parcel
['pɑ?sl]:
n.包裹
(UK)
vt.
裹好;
打包
(parcelled/parceled
)
(parcelling/parceling)
package:
n.
包裹（US）
parcel
up:
把什么包起来/打包
1)I
just
got
a
parcel
from
home!
2)There
is
a
parcel
of
clothing
and
some
letters
for
you.
3)She
has
parcelled
up
all
the
books
on
the
bookshelf.
jam
traffic
jam
2.
jam
[d??m]:
n.
果酱;
堵塞
a
traffic
jam:
交通堵塞;
堵车
1)It
was
so
nice
to
get
some
sweets
and
jam
from
home.
2)The
fruit
can
be
made
into
jam.
3)Her
car
was
delayed
in
a
three-mile
traffic
jam.
4)We
were
stuck
in
a
traffic
jam
yesterday
morning.
3.
mail
[me?l]:
n.
邮件;
信件;
邮政
(US)
vt.
邮寄;
发电邮给
post
:
n.
邮政;
邮递;
邮寄;
邮件
(UK)
v.
寄;
邮寄;
投递
1)I’ve
been
dying
to
have
some
of
my
favourite
sweets,
and
it’s
always
nice
to
get
mail!
2)There
isn’t
much
mail
today.
3)Don’t
forget
to
mail
your
mother
that
letter.
4)Last
week
she
mailed
the
documents
to
a
Russian
journalist.
5)Please
mail
us
at
the
following
email
address.
4.
secondary
['sek?ndri]:
adj.
中学的;
次要的
secondary
school:
中学
secondary
teacher/education:
中学教师/中等教育
be
secondary
to...:
第二的;
次要的;
次于...
1)My
secondary
school
is
a
bush
school.
2)In
that
African
country
too
few
girls
attend
secondary
school
and
even
fewer
go
beyond.
3)All
other
considerations
are
secondary
to
his
safety.
4)Raising
animals
was
only
secondary
to
other
forms
of
farming.
5.
clay
[kle?]:
n.
黏土;陶土
1)The
classrooms
are
made
of
bamboo,
with
clay
floors
and
roofs
of
grass.
2)The
man
studied
sculpture
because
he
enjoyed
working
with
clay.
3)Clay
can
be
used
to
make
things
like
pots.
6.
dust
[d?st]:
n.
沙土;
灰尘
vi.
&
vt.
擦灰
1)A
cloud
of
dust
rose
as
the
truck
drove
off.
2)I
broke
the
vase
while
I
was
dusting.
3)Could
you
dust
the
sitting/living
room?
7.
dusty
['d?sti]:
adj.
布满灰尘的
1)Clean
the
dusty
windows/table
before
you
move
in.
2)There
is
a
strong
wind
outside,
and
it’s
so
dusty.
3)The
dusty
air
makes
it
difficult
to
get
a
clear
picture
of
space.
8.
weed
[wi?d]:
n.
杂草;
野草
(C.)
vt.
&
vi.
除杂草
grass:
n.
草;
青草;
牧草(U.)
seaweed:
n.
海带;
海草;
海藻(U.)
1)It
takes
me
only
a
few
minutes
to
walk
to
school
down
a
dusty
track
covered
in
weeds.
2)I
have
been
weeding
the
wheat/corn
field.
3)In
this
country
the
men
plant
the
corn
and
the
women
later
weed
it.
chorus
9.
chorus
['k??r?s]:
n.
合唱曲;
合唱团(常用于具体的名称)
vt.
合唱;
齐声说
choir
[?kwa??(r)]:
n.合唱团
virtual
choir:
虚拟合唱团
1)The
size
of
the
chorus
stays
around
40
people.
2)‘Good
afternoon,
sir,
’
the
students
chorused.
10.
a
chorus
of:
齐声;
异口同声
1)When
I
reach
the
school
grounds,
I’m
greeted
by
a
chorus
of
“good
morning”from
the
boys.
2)They
burst
into
a
chorus
of
happy
birthday.
3)His
proposal
was
greeted
with
a
chorus
of
laughter.
cotton
cotton
cotton
cotton
cotton
11.
cotton
['k?tn]:
n.
棉布;
棉花
material
[m??t??r??l]：
n.
材料;
原料;
布料
cloth
[kl?θ
/
kl??θ]:
n.
布;
布料
1)Cotton
prices
remain
firm
and
demand
is
strong.
2)Because
it
was
warm,
Mr
Hill
wore
only
a
white
cotton
shirt
3)The
coats
are
100%
pure
cotton.
12.
uniform
['ju?n?f??m]:
n.
校服;
制服
adj.
—致的;
统一的
a
uniform:
一件校服/制服
a
military/police/nurse’s
uniform
:
军装/警服/护士制服
1)Does
the
child
have
to
wear
a
uniform?
2)That
uniform
makes
the
guard
look
absurd.
3)Unlike
students
in
our
country,
these
boys
do
not
wear
cotton
uniforms,
and
many
of
them
also
have
to
walk
a
long
way,
sometimes
for
up
to
two
hours,
just
to
get
to
school.
4)Do
all
the
banks
in
China
carry
out
uniform
policies?
13.
not
to
mention:
更不用说;
且不说
let
alone:
更不用说
leave/let
...
alone/be:
不打扰;
不惊动;
让其独处
to
name
but
a
few:
仅举几例
1)The
teachers,
not
to
mention
the
students,
were
confused
about
the
maths
problem.
2)He
has
two
big
houses
in
this
country,
not
to
mention
his
villa(别墅)
in
France.
3)My
income
is
not
enough
to
maintain
one
child,
let
alone
three.
4)She
won’t
even
thank
you,
let
alone
pay
you.
tablet
tablet
14.
tablet
['t?bl?t]:
n.
平板电脑;
便笺本;
药片
table
[?te?bl]:
桌子;工作台;
表格
pill:
n.
药丸;
药片
laptop
[?l?pt?p]:
n.
笔记本电脑
notebook:
n.
笔记本;
笔记本电脑
desktop
computer:
台式电脑
1)There’s
no
electricity,
running
water
or
even
textbooks,
not
to
mention
laptops,
tablets,
or
other
modern
devices!
2)Doctors
use
tablet
computers
for
their
work
in
hospitals.
3)Take
two
tablets
with
water
before
meals.
15.
rubber
['r?b?(r)]:
n.
橡皮;
黑板擦
橡胶
(UK)
eraser
[??re?z?]:
n.
橡皮擦
(US)
brush:
n.
刷子;
毛刷;
画笔
plastic
[?pl?st?k]:
n.
塑料
1)All
the
students
have
are
pencils,
rubbers,
and
paper.
2)The
teacher
is
cleaning
the
blackboard
with
a
rubber.
3)If
plastic
and
rubber
are
burnt,
they’ll
give
off
poisonous
gases.
Washroom
Washroom
16.
washroom
['w??ru?m]:
n.
洗手间;
厕所
Women’s/Men’s
Washroom:
女厕所/男厕所
WC
,
Toilet
,
Bathroom
,
Washroom,
Restroom,
Gent’s,
Ladies’,
The
Gents,
The
Ladies,
Women’s
Toilet,
Lavatory,
Ladies’
Room,
Gentlemen’s
Room,
Women’s
Room,
Men’s
Room
1)Since
there
isn’t
even
a
washroom,
if
I
need
water
I
have
to
carry
it
from
my
house
in
a
basin!
2)In
my
new
school
you
can
go
to
the
washroom
whenever
you
like.
I
like
this
rule.
3)Would
you
please
tell
me
where
the
washroom
is?
17.
rigid
['r?d??d]:
adj.
死板的;
固执的
stubborn
[?st?b?n]:
adj.固执的;
顽固的;
倔强的
strict:
adj.
严格的;
严厉的
be
strict
with
sb:
对某人…严格
be
strict
in
sth:
对某事…严格
1)It’s
important
not
to
be
too
rigid
about
rules
here,
too.
2)Rigid
methods
of
education
are
no
longer
popular
among
students.
3)The
man
is
rigid
in
his
ideas.
18.
bubble
['b?bl]:
vi.
起泡;
沸腾
boil
[b??l]:
v.(使)沸腾;
煮沸;
烧开
1)The
water
in
the
pan/kettle
is
beginning
to
bubble.
2)I
stood
in
the
kitchen,
waiting
for
the
water
to
boil.
3)Water
boils
at
100
degrees
centigrade.
19.
tube
[tju?b]:
n.
管子;管状物
pipe
[pa?p]:
n.
管子;
管道;
烟斗
1)The
other
day
I
was
showing
the
boys
a
chemistry
experiment
when,
before
I
knew
it,
the
mixture
was
bubbling
out
of
the
test
tube
spilling
everywhere!
2)The
nurse
inserted
(插入)
a
tube
in
his
mouth
to
help
him
breathe.
3)Water
will
come
out
of
this
tube
and
flow
into
the
basin/bucket.
circus
circus
circus
20.
circus
['s??k?s]:
n.
马戏团
virus
[?va?r?s]:
n.
病毒
1)The
class
became
a
circus
as
the
boys,
who
had
never
come
across
anything
like
this
before,
started
jumping
out
of
the
windows.
2)His
real
ambition
is
to
work
in
a
circus.
3)Six
years
ago
I
ran
away
to
Mexico
to
live
with
a
circus.
21.
chemist
['kem?st]:
n.
化学家;
药剂师;
药房
chemistry
[?kem?str?]:
n.
化学
chemical
[?kem?kl]:
adj.
化学的
n.
化学品
at
the
chemist’s/chemist:
在药店
=
at
the
chemist’s/chemist
shop
1)Sometimes
I
wonder
how
relevant
chemistry
is
to
these
students
--
few
will
ever
become
chemists
--
and
most
will
be
going
back
to
their
villages
after
Year
8
anyway.
2)He
is
a
well-known
chemist.
3)Give
the
prescription(处方)
to
the
chemist
and
you
will
get
the
medicine.
22.
shade
[?e?d]:
vt.
给…遮挡(光线);
加灯罩;
把…涂暗
n.
阴凉处;
灯罩;
阴影部分
shadow:
n.
影子;
阴影
(指人或物在光照下形成的影像,
有明显的轮廓)
1)Another
teacher
and
I
walked
for
two
and
a
half
hours
to
get
there
--
first,
up
a
mountain
where
we
had
fantastic
views,
and
from
then
down
a
shaded
path
to
the
valley
below.
2)The
courtyard
is
shaded
by
high
trees.
3)She
raised
her
hand
to
shade
her
eyes
from
the
sun.
4)The
lamp
was
shaded
yesterday.
5)What
do
the
shaded
areas
on
the
map
represent?
6)The
trees
provide
shade
for
the
animals
in
the
summer.
7)Your
painting
needs
more
light
and
shade.
23.
jaw
[d???]:
n.
颌;
下巴
the
top/upper
jaw:
上颌
the
bottom/lower
jaw:
下颌
1)His
jaw
was
broken
after
he
was
hit
on
the
head.
2)They
took
my
pulse,
took
my
blood
pressure,
and
X-rayed
my
jaw.
3)His
broken
jaw
made
it
impossible
for
him
to
chew.
24.
wrinkle
['r??kl]:
n.
皱纹
vt.
&
vi.
(使脸上)起皱纹;
皱起
1)The
skin
around
her
eyes
is
beginning
to
wrinkle.
2)Too
much
sunshine
will
wrinkle
your
skin.
3)Her
face
was
covered
with
wrinkles.
4)She
has
got
wrinkles
round
her
eyes.
25.
forehead
['f??hed;
'f?r?d]:
n.
额;
前额
1)He
has
a
round
face
with
a
high
forehead.
2)The
stone
struck
me
on
the
forehead.
3)The
farmer
wiped
away
the
sweat
on
his
forehead.
hut
hut
26.
hut
[h?t]:
n.
简陋的小房子(或棚、舍)
1)Tombe’s
father,
Mukap,
a
man
with
a
strong
jaw
and
a
wrinkled
forehead,
led
us
to
his
house,
a
low,
round
bamboo
hut
with
no
windows,
with
a
door
just
big
enough
to
get
through,
and
with
grass
sticking
out
of
the
roof
--
this
shows
it
is
a
man’s
house.
2)There
is
a
hut
on
the
river
bank.
3)At
last
his
small
hut
was
crowded
with
many
animals.
27.
housing
[ha?z??]:
n.住房;
住宅(U.)
house
[ha?s]:
n.
房子;
房屋(C.)
v.
安置;
给提供住宅;
收藏
1)Such
housing
is
dark
inside
so
it
took
time
for
our
eyes
to
adjust.
2)According
to
Xu,
the
housing
conditions
in
Ghana
are
not
that
bad.
3)Poor
housing
and
unemployment
are
the
main
problems
in
that
country.
4)In
the
city
the
housing
market
has
been
flat
for
months.
launch
platform
oil/gas
platform
28.
platform
['pl?tf??m]:
n.
平台;
站台;
舞台
stage:
n.
时期;
阶段;
状态;
(多指剧场中的)舞台
oil/gas
platform
:
石油/天然气钻井平台
a
launch
platform:
发射平台
provide
a
platform
for...:
为...提供平台
1)Fresh
grass
had
been
laid
on
the
floor
and
there
was
a
platform
for
Jenny
and
me
to
sleep
on.
2)Peter
finished
his
lecture
and
jumped
down
from
the
platform.
3)The
train
was
about
to
leave
and
she
was
not
even
on
the
platform.
4)We’ve
built
the
platform,
but
we
don’t
really
care
who
is
dancing
on
it.
5)College
is
not
only
a
training
camp
for
jobs,
but
also
a
platform
for
college
students’comprehensive
development.
fireplace
29.
fireplace
['fa??ple?s]:
n.
壁炉
stove
[st??v]:
n.
炉子;
火炉
1)There
was
a
fireplace
in
the
centre
of
the
hut.
2)There
is
a
fire
burning
in
the
large
fireplace
.
3)In
the
evenings,
we
gathered
around
the
fireplace
and
talked.
30.
saucer
['s??s?(r)]:
n.
茶碟;
杯托
sausage
[?s?s?d?]:
n.
香肠;
腊肠
1)Where
is
my
cup
and
saucer?
2)She
offered
me
tea
in
her
best
cup
and
saucer.
kettle
31.
kettle
['ketl]:
n.
(烧水用的)壶;
水壶
put
the
kettle
on
=
put
on
the
kettle:
用水壶烧水
1)She
regrets
not
bring
a
kettle
to
Ghana
to
boil
the
water
she
needs.
2)Steam
rose
from
the
boiling
kettle.
3)I’ll
put
the
kettle
on
and
make
you
some
tea.
4)The
kettle
began
to
whistle.
pan
pot
32.
pan
[p?n]:
n.
平底锅;
烤盘
pot:
n.
锅;
罐;
瓶;
壶
1)The
girl
put
a
pan
of
water
on
the
stove.
2)The
water
in
the
pan
was
beginning
to
bubble.
jar
33.
jar
[d?ɑ?(r)]:
n.
罐子;
坛子
1)The
only
possessions
I
could
see
were
one
broom,
a
few
saucers,
a
kettle,
cups,
pans,
and
a
couple
of
jars.
2)One
jar
will
contain
salt,
and
the
other
one
will
contain
pepper!
3)Do
you
have
a
jar
large
enough
to
put
this
in?
34.
ripe
[ra?p]:
adj.
成熟的;
时机成熟的
ripen
[?ra?p?n]:
v.
(使)成熟
be
ripe
for…:
成熟了
mature
[m??t???(r)]
[m??tj??(r)]:
adj.
成熟的;
像成人似的;
(人/动物/树)发育完全的
1)He
then
placed
the
hot
stones
in
an
empty
oil
drum
with
kau
kau,
ripe
corn,
and
greens.
2)You
should
always
choose
firm,
but
ripe
fruit.
3)This
land
is
ripe
for
development.
4)The
conditions
are
ripe
for
social/
economic/political/educational
reform.
5)The
time
is
ripe
for
action.
grill
grill
35.
grill
[ɡr?l]:
n.
烤架;
烤肉餐馆
barbecue
[?bɑ?b?kju?]:
n.
烤架;
户外烧烤;
v.(在烤架上)烤;
烧烤
1)Later,
I
noticed
a
can
standing
upside
down
on
the
grill
over
the
fire.
2)We
have
to
clean
the
grill
before
we
start
a
fire.
3)I
have
booked
a
table
at
the
grill.
36.
doorway
['d??we?]:
n.
门口;出入口;
门道
gate
[ɡe?t]:
n.
大门;
入口;
水闸
at
the
school
gate:
在校门口
in
the
doorway:
在门口/出入口/
门道
1)After
a
while,
Tombe
threw
the
can
out
of
the
doorway.
2)The
teacher
stood
in
the
doorway
for
a
moment
before
going
in.
3)A
figure
in
a
white
dress
appeared
in
the
doorway.
leftover
37.
leftover
['left??v?(r)]:
adj.
吃剩的;
残留的
n.
吃剩的食物;
遗留物
1)Tombe
told
me
that
the
can
was
heated
to
dry
out
the
leftover
food.
His
family
believes
that
leftovers
attract
bad
spirits
in
the
night,
so
any
leftover
food
is
dried
up
in
a
can
and
the
can
is
then
thrown
out
of
the
hut.
2)There
are
no
leftovers
in
the
cupboard.
3)He
did
not
like
eating
leftover
food.
4)Donate
your
leftover
paint/materials
to
the
school.
handshake
38.
handshake
['h?nd?e?k]:
n.
握手
shake
hands
with..:
和…握手
=
shake
one’s
hand
make
friends
with…:
和某人交朋友
1)We
left
the
village
the
next
morning
after
many
goodbyes
and
firm
handshakes.
2)A
very
strong
handshake
shows
that
the
person
is
aggressive.
3)That
handshake
began
a
new
era
in
relations
between
China
and
the
United
States.
39.
drag
[dr?ɡ]:
vt.
拖;
拽
vt.
&
vi.
缓慢而费力地移动
pull:
v.
拉;
拽;
扯;
拖;
拔出;
抽出
draw:
v.
画画;
拖(动);
拉(动);
牵引;
吸引
push:
v.
推动;
移动;
推进
drag
oneself
along/up/down/into...:
吃力/费力移动...
1)My
muscles
were
aching
and
my
knees
shaking
as
we
dragged
ourselves
down
the
mountain
towards
home.
2)Xu
enjoys
her
volunteer
experience
and
considers
it
a
good
opportunity
to
drag
herself
out
of
her
comfort
zone
and
to
explore
the
world.
3)I
dragged
the
chair
over
to
the
window.
4)She
always
drags
behind
when
we
walk
anywhere.
40.
privilege
['pr?v?l?d?]:
n.
优惠待遇;
特权
village
[?v?l?d?]:
n.
村子
private
[?pra?v?t]:
adj.
私人的;
私立的
have
the
privilege
to
do/of
doing…:
有做什么的特权
1)It
was
such
a
privilege
to
have
spent
a
day
with
Tombe’s
family.
2)He
has
the
privilege
to
enter
the
White
House.
3)Some
of
the
officials
have
special
privileges.
4)Education
is
a
privilege
in
many
countries.
plug
plug
41.
plug
[pl?ɡ]:
vt.
封堵;
补足
n.
堵塞物;
插头;
插座
1)However,
she
admitted
that
she
once
had
a
memorable
experience
plugging
holes
in
her
roof
in
order
to
keep
the
rain
out.
2)I
will
have
to
change
the
plug
on
my
hairdryer.
3)Can
I
use
this
plug
for
my
washing
machine?
4)The
man
plugged
the
hole
in
the
pipe
with
an
old
towel.
5)Plenty
of
cheap
products
were
introduced
to
plug
the
gap
at
the
lower
end
of
the
market.
42.
disabled
[d?s'e?bld]:
adj.
有残疾的;
丧失能力的
disability
[?d?s??b?l?t?]:
n.
残疾;
缺陷;
障碍
have
a
disability:
有残疾
the
disabled:
残疾人;
伤残人
1)The
woman
was
born
disabled.
2)At
the
hospital
there
are
toilet
facilities
for
the
disabled.
3)Helping
the
disabled
is
a
symbol
of
social
civilization.
43.
resign
[r?'za?n]:
vi.&vt.
辞职;辞去
retire:
v.
退职;
退休;
退出(比赛等);
离开
resign
from…:
从…辞职
resign
from
one’s
job:
辞职
resign
as…:
辞去...
leave
the
job:
离开工作;
离职;
辞职
quit
the
job:
辞职;
辞去工作
1)One
of
my
dreams
is
to
work
in
Africa
and
continue
to
help
the
disabled
after
I
resign
from
my
job.
2)80%
of
the
people
think
the
President
should
resign.
3)She
resigned
for
a
variety
of
reasons.
4)He
resigned
as
manager
after
eleven
years.
44.
deserve
[d?'z??v]:
vt.
值得;
应得;
应受
preserve:
v.
保护;
维护;
保留;
保存;
保养
reserve:
v.
预订;
保留;
保持
n.
自然保护区
deserve
consideration/attention:
值得考虑/注意
deserve
doing...:
值得做什么
deserve
to
do...:
应该做什么
1)Everyone
deserves
a
fair
chance
in
life.
2)I
think
everyone
deserves
the
right
to
be
happy.
3)You
deserve
a
rest
after
ten
hours
of
hard
work.
4)The
football
team
deserves
to
win.
45.
lately
['le?tli]:
adv.
最近;
不久前;近来
(常与现在完成时连用,有时也可与一般现在时连用)
recently:
adv.
最近;近来
(常与现在完成时连用,
有时也与
一般过去时连用)
in/over/for/during
the
last/past
…：
在过去的多少时间里
(常与现在完成时连用)
1)Lately,
all
of
us
have
seen
Chinese
people
on
TV
in
far-off
places
in
the
world,
helping
other
countries
to
develop.
2)Have
you
heard
from
your
uncle
lately/recently?
3)I
haven’t
seen
your
daughter
lately.
46.
input
['?np?t]:
vt.
输入
n.
情况;
信息;
投入;
输入
(input
--
input/inputted)
(inputting)
1)So
I
was
unhappy
about
her
leaving
without
even
asking
for
my
input.
2)We
listen
to
our
employees
and
value
their
input.
3)I
would
appreciate
your
input
on
this
work.
4)The
work
is
just
helping
out
with
(帮助)
data
input.
5)All
this
information
has
been
input
onto
the
computer.
47.
tune
[tju?n][
tu?n]:
n.
曲调;
曲子
vt.
调音;
调节;
调频道
be
in/out
of
tune
(with
sb/sth):
(与…)协调/不协调;
(与…)一致/不一致;
(与…)融洽/不融洽
tune
in
(to
sth):
收听(收音机广播节目);
收看(电视节目)
1)But
then
I
began
to
hear
about
the
work
she
was
doing
in
Tanzania,
a
country
that
has
many
health
problems,
and
now
I
am
singing
a
different
tune.
2)I
don’t
know
the
title
but
I
recognize
the
tune.
3)Would
you
please
tune
the
guitar/
instrument
before
I
go
on?
4)The
radio
was
tuned
in
to
the
BBC
World
Service.
5)We
often
tune
in
to
CCTV
–
1
to
watch
the
7
o’clock
news.
48.
contract
[k?n?tr?kt]:
vt.
感染(疾病);
与…订立合同(或契约)
[?k?ntr?kt
]:
n.合同;
契约
develop:
v.
患(病);
发展;
开发
suffer
from...:
患(病)
a
contract
worker:
合同工
sign
a
contract:
签订合同
1)Many
dangerous
diseases
which
are
rare
in
China
are
quite
commonly
contracted
in
Tanzania.
2)The
driver
contracted
AIDS/a
virus/
a
disease/the
flu.
3)You
can
contract
with
us
to
deliver
goods.
4)She
has
contracted
to
work
30
hours
a
week.
5)The
player
is
contracted
to
play
basketball
until
August
31.
6)My
son
won
a
contract
to
build
a
new
school
at
the
town.
49.
grant
[ɡrɑ?nt][
ɡr?nt]:
vt.
同意;
准许
n.
拨款
allow/permit
doing...:
允许做什么
allow/permit
sb
to
do...:
允许某人做什么
1)My
request
was
granted.
2)Yesterday
the
bank
finally
granted
a
$
5,000,000
loan
to
me.
=
Yesterday
the
bank
finally
granted
me
a
$5,000,000
loan.
3)The
woman
won
a
grant
to
develop
her
own
business.
50.
take
...for
granted:
认为…是理所当然;
对…不予重视
1)And,
while
the
country
is
quite
beautiful
and
has
much
natural
wealth,
many
of
the
people
are
quite
poor
and
live
without
things
we
take
for
granted,
such
as
electricity,
running
water,
cars
and
good
transport
systems,
and
supermarkets.
2)I
want
you
to
know
that
I
do
not
take
that
for
granted.
3)Your
problem
is
that
you
take
your
wife/your
mother’s
words
for
granted.
4)We
take
so
many
things
for
granted
these
days:
electricity,
running
water,
cars.
5)They
took
it
for
granted
that
they
should
speak
to
China
from
a
position
of
strength.
6)Many
children
take
it
for
granted
that
they
can
get
money
from
their
parents.
51.
cardiac
['kɑ?d??k]:
adj.
心脏病的;
心脏的
heart
[hɑ?t]:
n.心;
心脏;
爱心
cardiac
arrest:
心脏骤停
a
heart
attack:
心脏病突发/发作
cardiac
weakness:
心脏病
heart
trouble/disease/illness:
心脏病
1)One
project
that
my
mother
worked
on
was
helping
to
build
a
cardiac
hospital.
2)Cardiac
arrest
killed
more
than
300,000
people
in
the
United
States
every
year.
3)The
king
was
suffering
from
cardiac
weakness.
52.
circuit
['s??k?t]:
n.
巡回;
环形线路
the
women’s/men’s
tennis
circuit:
女子/男子网球巡回赛
the
lecture
circuit:
巡回讲学
1)He
retired
this
year
after
over
ten
years
on
the
tennis
circuit.
2)How
many
legs
are
there
in
the
circuit?
3)They
did/made
a
circuit
of
the
old
city
wall
yesterday
afternoon.
4)The
earth
takes
a
year
to
make
a
circuit
of
the
sun.
53.
disability
[?d?s?'b?l?ti
]:
n.
缺陷;
障碍
disabled
[d?s'e?bld]:
adj.
有残疾的;
丧失能力的
the
disabled:
残疾人;
伤残人
have
a
disability:
有残疾
a
physical/mental
disability
:
生理缺陷/心理障碍
1)He
had
a
learning
disability
from
an
early
age.
2)As
a
matter
of
fact,
many
people
have
a
disability.
3)Her
disability
makes
it
difficult
for
her
to
do
some
things.
54.
consultation
[?k?ns?l'te??n]:
n.
咨询;咨询会
consult
[k?n?s?lt]:
v.
咨询;请教;商量
1)My
mother
also
does
a
circuit
of
the
rural
villages
to
provide
medical
treatment,
help
those
with
disabilities,
and
provide
consultation
and
training
for
local
doctors.
2)We
also
provide
best
consultation,
information
and
other
services.
capsule
capsule
55.
capsule
['k?psju:l]:
n.
胶囊;
太空舱
1)The
doctor
advised
me
to
take
a
capsule
this
morning.
2)Take
three
capsules
three
times
a
day.
3)The
astronauts
work
and
live
in
the
space
capsule.
relay
(race)
relay
(race)
56.
relay
['ri?le?]
[
r?'le?]:
vt.
转发;
转播
n.
接力赛;
接班的人
a
relay
team:
接力队
the
4
×
100m
relay:
4
×
100米接力赛
rely
[r??la?]:
v.
依靠;
依赖;
信任;
信赖
rely
on/upon…:
依靠;
信赖
broadcast
:
v.
播送(电视或无线电节目);
广播;传播(信息等)
1)Just
now
she
relayed
the
message
to
her
friends.
2)The
satellite
will
be
used
mainly
to
relay
television
programmes.
3)I
was
the
last
runner
in
the
4
×
100m
relay.
4)Some
1,000
people
are
likely
to
run
in
a
relay
next
month.
57.
relay
to...:
转达给…;
转发给…
1)Today,
I
want
to
relay
to
you
that
I’m
proud
of
the
work
my
mother
has
done,
and
I
am
now
supportive
of
it.
2)There
was
nothing
yet
for
the
satellite
cameras
to
pick
up
and
relay
to
the
weather
station.
3)Just
now
she
relayed
the
short
message
to
her
friends.
58.
criterion
[kra?'t??ri?n]:
n.
(pl.
criteria
[-ri?
])
(评判或作决定的)标准;
准则;
原则
phenomenon(复phenomena):
n.现象
[f??n?m?n?n]
[f??n?m?n?]
standard
[?st?nd?d]:
n.
标准
principle
[?pr?ns?pl]:
n.
原则;
准则;
规范
1)But
for
politeness,
there
is
a
different
criterion
in
China.
2)Practice
is
the
sole(唯一的)
criterion
for
testing
truth.
59.
stability
[st?'b?l?ti]:
n.
稳定(性);
稳固(性)
stable
[?ste?bl]:
adj.
安定的;
平静的;
稳定的;
稳固的
steady
[?sted?]：
adj.
稳固的;
稳定的;
牢固的
political/economic/social
stability
:
政治/经济/社会稳定
1)But
by
any
criteria
this
work
is
worth
it
to
us
as
well,
because
it
shows
that
we
are
global
citizens
interested
in
world
stability,
and
that
we
feel
responsible
for
others
and
are
ready
to
build
a
community
with
a
shared
future
for
mankind.
2)Stability
of
price
is
very
important.
3)There
is
peace
and
stability
throughout
the
country.
4)Political/Economic/Social
stability
is
of
great
importance
to
a
country.
60.
pray
[pre?]:
vi.
&vt.
企盼;
祈祷
prayer
[pre?(r)]:
n.祷告;
祈祷
pray
for
peace/sb:
祈求和平/为某人祈祷
1)He
prayed
that
his
wife
would
one
day
have
a
child.
2)They
knelt
down
and
prayed.
3)She
prayed
to
God
for
an
end
to
her
sufferings.
61.
pray
that...:
但愿
1)In
the
future,
I
pray
that
you
will
do
the
same.
2)I
prayed
that
nobody
would
notice
my
mistake.
3)We
prayed
that
you
would
get
everything
you
ever
want.
4)Tom
prayed
that
the
teacher
hadn’t
noticed
his
absence.
62.
hypothetical
[?ha?p?'θet?kl]:
adj.
假设的;
假定的
a
hypothetical
question/situation/
example
:
假定的问题/情况/例子
1)A
scientific
experiment
is
to
test
a
hypothetical
theory
in
the
lab.
2)And
what
will
you
do
if
you
find
this
hypothetical
job?
3)This
is
a
purely
hypothetical
situation.
63.
Papua
New
Guinea:
巴布亚新几内亚
(国家名)
[?p?pu?
nju?
?ɡ?ni]
Papua
New
Guinea
Australia
64.
Ghana
[?gɑ?n?]:
加纳(国家名)
Congo
Congo
66.
Panama
[?p?n?mɑ?]:
巴拿马(国家名)
Panama
Panama
Canal
Thank
you!人教版(2019)新教材高中英语选择性必修第四册词汇学案
UNIT
FOUR
1.parcel
['pɑ?sl]:
n.包裹
(UK)
vt.
裹好;
打包
(parcelled/parceled
--
parcelling/parceling)
package:
n.
包裹（US）
parcel
up:
把什么包起来/打包
1)I
just
got
a
parcel
from
home!
2)There
is
a
parcel
of
clothing
and
some
letters
for
you.
3)She
has
parcelled
up
all
the
books
on
the
bookshelf.
2.
jam
[d??m]:
n.
果酱;
堵塞
a
traffic
jam:
交通堵塞;
堵车
1)It
was
so
nice
to
get
some
sweets
and
jam
from
home.
2)The?fruit?can?be?made?into?jam.
3)Her
car
was
delayed
in
a
three-mile
traffic
jam.
4)We
were
stuck
in
a
traffic
jam
yesterday
morning.
3.
mail
[me?l]:
n.
邮件;
信件;
邮政
(美国常用)
vt.
邮寄;
发电邮给
post
:
n.
邮政;
邮递;
邮寄;
邮件
(英国常用)
v.
寄;
邮寄;
投递
1)I’ve
been
dying
to
have
some
of
my
favourite
sweets，and
it’s
always
nice
to
get
mail!
2)There
isn't
much
mail
today.
3)Don't
forget
to
mail
your
mother
that
letter.
4)Last
week
she
mailed
the
documents
to
a
Russian
journalist.
5)Please?mail?us?at?the?following?email?address.
4.
secondary
['sek?ndri]:
adj.
中学的;
次要的
secondary
school:
中学
secondary
teacher/education:
中学教师/中等教育
be
secondary
to...:
第二的;
次要的;
次于...
1)My
secondary
school
is
a
bush
school.
2)In
that
African
country
too
few
girls
attend
secondary
school
and
even
fewer
go
beyond.
3)All
other
considerations
are
secondary
to
his
safety.
4)Raising
animals
was
only
secondary
to
other
forms
of
farming.
5.
clay
[kle?]:
n.
黏土;陶土
1)The
classrooms
are
made
of
bamboo,
with
clay
floors
and
roofs
of
grass.
2)The
man?studied?sculpture?because?he?enjoyed?working?with?clay.
3)Clay
can
be
used
to
make
things
like
pots.
6.
dust
[d?st]:
n.
沙土;
灰尘
vi.
&
vt.
擦灰
1)A
cloud
of
dust
rose
as
the
truck
drove
off.
2)I
broke
the
vase
while
I
was
dusting.
3)Could
you
dust
the
sitting/living
room?
7.
dusty
['d?sti]:
adj.
布满灰尘的
1)Clean?the?dusty?windows/table?before?you?move?in.?
2)There
is?a?strong?wind?outside,?and?it’s?so?dusty.
3)The?dusty?air?makes?it?difficult?to?get?a?clear?picture?of?space.
8.
weed
[wi?d]:
n.
杂草;
野草
(C.)
vt.
&
vi.
除杂草
grass:
n.
草;
青草;
牧草(U.)
seaweed:
n.
海带;
海草;
海藻(U.)
1)It
takes
me
only
a
few
minutes
to
walk
to
school
down
a
dusty
track
covered
in
weeds.
2)I
have
been
weeding
the
wheat/corn
field.
3)In
this
country
the
men
plant
the
corn
and
the
women
later
weed
it.
9.
chorus
['k??r?s]:
n.
合唱曲;
合唱团(常用于具体的名称)
vt.
合唱;
齐声说
choir
[?kwa??(r)]:
n.合唱团
virtual
choir:
虚拟合唱团
1)The?size?of?the?chorus?stays?around?40?people.
2)‘Good
afternoon,
sir,
’
the
students
chorused.
10.
a
chorus
of:
齐声;
异口同声
1)When
I
reach
the
school
grounds,
I’m
greeted
by
a
chorus
of
“good
morning”from
the
boys.
2)They
burst
into
a
chorus
of
happy
birthday.
3)His?proposal?was?greeted?with?a?chorus?of?laughter.?
11.
cotton
['k?tn]:
n.
棉布;
棉花
material
[m??t??r??l]：n.
材料;
原料;
布料
cloth
[kl?θ
/
kl??θ]：n.
布;
布料
1)Cotton
prices
remain
firm
and
demand
is
strong.
2)Because
it
was
warm,
Mr
Hill
wore
only
a
white
cotton
shirt
3)The
coats
are
100%
pure
cotton.
12.
uniform
['ju?n?f??m]:
n.
校服;
制服
adj.
—致的;
统一的
a
uniform:
一件校服/制服
a
military/police/nurse's
uniform
:
军装/警服/护士制服
1)
Does
the
child
have
to
wear
a
uniform?
2)That?uniform?makes?the?guard?look?absurd.?
3)Unlike
students
in
our
country,
these
boys
do
not
wear
cotton
uniforms，and
many
of
them
also
have
to
walk
a
long
way,
sometimes
for
up
to
two
hours，just
to
get
to
school.
4)Do
all
the
banks
in
China
carry
out
uniform
policies?
13.
not
to
mention:
更不用说;
且不说
let
alone:
更不用说
leave/let
...
alone/be:
不打扰;
不惊动;
让其独处
to
name
but
a
few:
仅举几例
1)The
teachers,
not
to
mention
the
students,
were
confused
about
the
maths
problem.
2)He
has
two
big
houses
in
this
country,
not
to
mention
his
villa(别墅)
in
France.
3)My
income
is
not
enough
to
maintain
one
child,
let
alone
three.
4)She
won't
even
thank
you,
let
alone
pay
you.
14.
tablet
['t?bl?t]:
n.
平板电脑;
便笺本;
药片
table
[?te?bl]:
n.
桌子;工作台;
表格
pill:
n.
药丸;
药片
laptop
[?l?pt?p]:
n.
笔记本电脑
notebook:
n.
笔记本;
笔记本电脑
desktop?computer:
台式电脑
1)There’s
no
electricity,
running
water
or
even
textbooks,
not
to
mention
laptops，tablets,
or
other
modern
devices!
2)Doctors
use
tablet
computers
for
their
work
in
hospitals.
3)Take
two
tablets
with
water
before
meals.
15.
rubber
['r?b?(r)]:
n.
橡皮;
黑板擦;
橡胶
(UK)
eraser
[??re?z?]：n.
橡皮擦
(US)
brush:
n.
刷子;
毛刷;
画笔
plastic
[?pl?st?k]:
n.
塑料
1)All
the
students
have
are
pencils,
rubbers,
and
paper.
2)The
teacher
is
cleaning
the
blackboard
with
a
rubber.
3)If
plastic
and
rubber
are
burnt,
they’ll
give
off
poisonous
gases.
16.
washroom
['w??ru?m]:
n.
洗手间;
厕所
women’s/men’s
washroom:
女厕所/男厕所
WC
,
Toilet
,
Bathroom
,
Washroom,
Restroom,
Gent’s,
Ladies’,
The
Gents,
The
Ladies,
Women’s
Toilet,
Lavatory,
Ladies’
Room,
Gentlemen’s
Room,
Women’
s
Room,
Men’
s
Room
1)Since
there
isn’t
even
a
washroom,
if
I
need
water
I
have
to
carry
it
from
my
house
in
a
basin!
2)In?my?new?school?you?can?go?to?the?washroom?whenever?you?like.?I?like?this
rule.?
3)Would
you
please
tell
me
where
the
washroom
is?
17.
rigid
['r?d??d]:
adj.
死板的;
固执的
stubborn
[?st?b?n]:
adj.
固执的;
顽固的;
倔强的
strict:
adj.
严格的;
严厉的
be
strict
with
sb：对某人…严格
be
strict
in
sth:
对某事…严格
1)It’s
important
not
to
be
too
rigid
about
rules
here,
too.
2)Rigid
methods
of
education
are
no
longer
popular
among
students.
3)The
man
is
rigid
in
his
ideas.
18.
bubble
['b?bl]:
vi.
起泡;
沸腾
boil
[b??l]:
v.
(使)沸腾;
煮沸;
烧开
1)The
water
in
the
pan/kettle
is
beginning
to
bubble.
2)I
stood
in
the
kitchen,
waiting
for
the
water
to
boil.
3)Water
boils
at
100
degrees
centigrade.
19.
tube
[tju?b]:
n.
管子;管状物
pipe
[pa?p]:
n.
管子;
管道;
烟斗
1)The
other
day
I
was
showing
the
boys
a
chemistry
experiment
when，before
I
knew
it，the
mixture
was
bubbling
out
of
the
test
tube
spilling
everywhere!
2)The
nurse?inserted(插入)?a?tube?in?his?mouth?to?help?him?breathe.?
3)Water
will
come
out
of
this
tube
and
flow
into
the
basin/bucket.
20.
circus
['s??k?s]:
n.
马戏团
virus
[?va?r?s]:
n.
病毒
1)The
class
became
a
circus
as
the
boys,
who
had
never
come
across
anything
like
this
before,
started
jumping
out
of
the
windows.
2)His
real
ambition
is
to
work
in
a
circus.
3)Six
years
ago
I
ran
away
to
Mexico
to
live
with
a
circus.
21.
chemist
['kem?st]:
n.
化学家;
药剂师;
药房
chemistry?[?kem?str?]：n.
化学
chemical
[?kem?kl]：adj.
化学的
n.
化学品
at
the
chemist’s/chemist:
在药店
=
at
the
chemist’s
/chemist
shop
1)Sometimes
I
wonder
how
relevant
chemistry
is
to
these
students----few
will
ever
become
chemists----and
most
will
be
going
back
to
their
villages
after
Year
8
anyway.
2)He?is?a?well-known?chemist.
3)Give?the?prescription(处方)?to?the?chemist?and?you?will?get?the?medicine.
22.
shade
[?e?d]:
vt.
给…遮挡(光线);
加灯罩;
把…涂暗
n.
阴凉处;
灯罩;
阴影部分
shadow:
n.
影子;
阴影
(指人或物在光照下形成的影像，有明显的轮廓)
1)Another
teacher
and
I
walked
for
two
and
a
half
hours
to
get
there—first,
up
a
mountain
from
where
we
had
fantastic
views,
and
then
down
a
shaded
path
to
the
valley
below.
2)The
courtyard
is
shaded
by
high
trees.
3)She
raised
her
hand
to
shade
her
eyes
from
the
sun.
4)The
lamp
was
shaded
yesterday.
5)What
do
the
shaded
areas
on
the
map
represent?
6)The
trees
provide
shade
for
the
animals
in
the
summer.
7)Your
painting
needs
more
light
and
shade.
23.
jaw
[d???]:
n.
颌;
下巴
the
top/upper
jaw?:
上颌
the
bottom/lower
jaw?:
下颌
1)His?jaw?was?broken?after?he?was?hit?on?the?head.?
2)They
took
my
pulse,
took
my
blood
pressure,
and
X-rayed
my
jaw.
3)His
broken
jaw
made
it
impossible
for
him
to
chew.
24.
wrinkle
['r??kl]:
vt.
&
vi.
(使脸上)起皱纹;
皱起
n.
皱纹
1)The
skin
around
her
eyes
is
beginning
to
wrinkle.
2)Too
much
sunshine
will
wrinkle
your
skin.
3)Her
face
was
covered
with
wrinkles.
4)She
has
got
wrinkles
round
her
eyes.
25.
forehead
['f??hed;
'f?r?d]:
n.
额;
前额
1)He
has
a
round
face
with
a
high
forehead.
2)The
stone
struck
me
on
the
forehead.
3)The
farmer
wiped
away
the
sweat
on
his
forehead.
26.
hut
[h?t]:
n.
简陋的小房子(或棚、舍)
1)Tombe’s
father,
Mukap,
a
man
with
a
strong
jaw
and
a
wrinkled
forehead,
led
us
to
his
house,
a
low,
round
bamboo
hut
with
no
windows,
with
a
door
just
big
enough
to
get
through，and
with
grass
sticking
out
of
the
roof—this
shows
it
is
a
man’s
house.
2)There?is?a?hut?on?the?river?bank.?
3)At
last
his
small
hut
was
crowded
with
many
animals.
27.
housing
[ha?z??]:
n.
住房;
住宅(U.)
house
[ha?s]:
n.
房子;
房屋(C.)
v.
安置;
给提供住宅;
收藏
1)Such
housing
is
dark
inside
so
it
took
time
for
our
eyes
to
adjust.
2)According
to
Xu,
the
housing
conditions
in
Ghana
are
not
that
bad.
3)Poor
housing
and
unemployment
are
the
main
problems
in
that
country.
4)In
the
city
the
housing
market
has
been
flat
for
months.
28.
platform
['pl?tf??m]:
n.
平台;
站台;
舞台
stage:
n.
时期;
阶段;
状态;
(多指剧场中的)舞台
oil/gas
platform
:
石油/天然气钻井平台
a
launch
platform:
发射平台
provide
a
platform
for...:
为...提供平台
1)Fresh
grass
had
been
laid
on
the
floor
and
there
was
a
platform
for
Jenny
and
me
to
sleep
on.
2)Peter
finished
his
lecture
and
jumped
down
from
the
platform.
3)The
train
was
about
to
leave
and
she
was
not
even
on
the
platform.
4)We’
ve
built
the
platform,
but
we
don’t
really
care
who
is
dancing
on
it.
5)College
is
not
only
a
training
camp
for
jobs,
but
also
a
platform
for
college
students'comprehensive
development.
29.
fireplace
['fa??ple?s]:
n.
壁炉
stove
[st??v]:
n.
(用于取暖的)炉子;
火炉
1)There
was
a
fireplace
in
the
centre
of
the
hut.
2)There?is?a?fire?burning?in?the?large?fireplace?.
3)In
the
evenings,
we
gathered
around
the
fireplace
and
talked.
30.
saucer
['s??s?(r)]:
n.
茶碟;
杯托
sausage
[?s?s?d?]:
n.
香肠;
腊肠
1)Where's
my?cup?and?saucer?
2)She
offered
me
tea
in
her
best
cup
and
saucer.
31.
kettle
['ketl]:
n.
(烧水用的)壶;
水壶
put?the?kettle?on
=
put
on
the
kettle:
用水壶烧水
1)She
regrets
not
bring
a
kettle
to
Ghana
to
boil
the
water
she
needs.
2)Steam
rose
from
the
boiling
kettle.
3)I’ll
put
the
kettle
on
and
make
you
some
tea.
4)The?kettle?began?to?whistle.
32.
pan
[p?n]:
n.
平底锅;
烤盘
pot:
n.
锅;
罐;
瓶;
壶
1)The
girl
put
a
pan
of
water
on
the
stove.
2)The?water?in?the?pan?was?beginning?to?bubble.?
33.
jar
[d?ɑ?(r)]:
n.
罐子;
坛子
1)The
only
possessions
I
could
see
were
one
broom,
a
few
saucers,
a
kettle,
cups,
pans,
and
a
couple
of
jars.
2)One
jar
will
contain
salt,
and
the
other
one
will
contain
pepper!
3)Do
you
have
a
jar
large
enough
to
put
this
in?
34.
ripe
[ra?p]:
adj.
成熟的;
时机成熟的
ripen
[?ra?p?n]:
v.
(使)成熟
be
ripe
for…：
成熟了
mature
[m??t???(r)]
[m??tj??(r)]:
成熟的;
像成人似的;
(人/动物/树)发育完全的
1)He
then
placed
the
hot
stones
in
an
empty
oil
drum
with
kau
kau，ripe
corn，and
greens.
2)You
should
always
choose
firm,
but
ripe
fruit.
3)This
land
is
ripe
for
development.
4)The
conditions
are
ripe
for
social/economic/political/educational
reform.
5)The
time
is
ripe
for
action.
35.
grill
[ɡr?l]:
n.
烤架;
烤肉餐馆
barbecue
[?bɑ?b?kju?]:
n.
烤架;
户外烧烤;
v.
(在烤架上)烤;
烧烤
1)Later,
I
noticed
a
can
standing
upside
down
on
the
grill
over
the
fire.
2)We
have
to
clean
the
grill
before
we
start
a
fire.
3)I
have
booked
a
table
at
the
grill.
36.
doorway
['d??we?]:
n.
门口;出入口;
门道
gate?[ɡe?t]：n.
大门;
入口;
水闸
at
the
school
gate:
在校门口
in
the
doorway:
在门口/出入口/
门道
1)After
a
while,
Tombe
threw
the
can
out
of
the
doorway.
2)The
teacher
stood
in
the
doorway
for
a
moment
before
going
in.
3)A
figure
in
a
white
dress
appeared
in
the
doorway.
37.
leftover
['left??v?(r)]:
adj.
吃剩的;
残留的
n.
吃剩的食物;
遗留物
1)Tombe
told
me
that
the
can
was
heated
to
dry
out
the
leftover
food.
His
family
believes
that
leftovers
attract
bad
spirits
in
the
night,
so
any
leftover
food
is
dried
up
in
a
can
and
the
can
is
then
thrown
out
of
the
hut.
2)There
are
no
leftovers
in
the
cupboard.
3)He
did
not
like
eating
leftover
food.
4)Donate
your
leftover
paint/materials
to
the
school.
38.
handshake
['h?nd?e?k]:
n.
握手
shake
hands
with..:
和…握手
=
shake
one’s
hand
make
friends
with…:
和某人交朋友
1)We
left
the
village
the
next
morning
after
many
goodbyes
and
firm
handshakes.
2)A?very?strong?handshake?shows?that?the?person?is?aggressive.?
3)That
handshake
began
a
new
era
in
relations
between
China
and
the
United
States.
39.
drag
[dr?ɡ]:
vt.
拖;
拽
vt.
&
vi.
缓慢而费力地移动
pull:
v.
拉;
拽;
扯;
拖;
拔出;
抽出
draw:
v.
画画;
拖(动);
拉(动);
牵引;
吸引
push:
v.
推动;
移动;
推进
drag
oneself
along/up/down/into...:
吃力/费力移动...
1)My
muscles
were
aching
and
my
knees
shaking
as
we
dragged
ourselves
down
the
mountain
towards
home.
2)Xu
enjoys
her
volunteer
experience
and
considers
it
a
good
opportunity
to
drag
herself
out
of
her
comfort
zone
and
to
explore
the
world.
3)I
dragged
the
chair
over
to
the
window.
4)She
always
drags
behind
when
we
walk
anywhere.
40.
privilege
['pr?v?l?d?]:
n.
优惠待遇;
特权
village[?v?l?d?]:
n.
村子
private
[?pra?v?t]:
adj.
私人的;
私立的
have
the
privilege
to
do/of
doing…:
有做什么的特权
1)It
was
such
a
privilege
to
have
spent
a
day
with
Tombe’s
family.
2)He
has
the
privilege
to
enter
the
White
House.
3)Some
of
the
officials
have
special
privileges.
4)Education
is
a
privilege
in
many
countries.
41.
plug
[pl?ɡ]:
vt.
封堵;
补足
n.
堵塞物;
插头;
插座
1)However,
she
admitted
that
she
once
had
a
memorable
experience
plugging
holes
in
her
roof
in
order
to
keep
the
rain
out.
2)I
will
have
to
change
the
plug
on
my
hairdryer.
3)Can
I
use
this
plug
for
my
washing
machine?
4)The
man
plugged
the
hole
in
the
pipe
with
an
old
towel.
5)Plenty
of
cheap
products
were
introduced
to
plug
the
gap
at
the
lower
end
of
the
market.
42.
disabled
[d?s'e?bld]:
adj.
有残疾的;
丧失能力的
disability
[?d?s??b?l?t?]：n.
残疾;
缺陷;
障碍
have
a
disability:
有残疾
the
disabled:
残疾人;
伤残人
1)The
woman
was
born
disabled.
2)At
the
hospital
there
are
toilet
facilities
for
the
disabled.
3)Helping
the
disabled
is
a
symbol
of
social
civilization.
43.
resign
[r?'za?n]:
vi.&vt.
辞职;辞去
retire:
v.
退职;
退休;
退出(比赛等);
离开
resign
from…:
从…辞职
resign
from
one’s
job:
辞职
resign
as…:
辞去...
leave
the
job:
离开工作;
离职;
辞职
quit
the
job:
辞职;
辞去工作
1)One
of
my
dreams
is
to
work
in
Africa
and
continue
to
help
the
disabled
after
I
resign
from
my
job.
2)80%
of
the
people
think
the
President
should
resign.
3)She?resigned?for?a?variety?of?reasons.
4)He
resigned
as
manager
after
eleven
years.
44.
deserve
[d?'z??v]:
vt.
值得;
应得;
应受
preserve:
v.
保护;
维护;
保留;
保存;
保养
reserve:
v.
预订;
保留;
保持
n.
自然保护区
deserve
consideration/attention:
值得考虑/注意
deserve
doing...:
值得做什么
deserve
to
do...:
应该做什么
1)Everyone
deserves
a
fair
chance
in
life.
2)I
think
everyone
deserves
the
right
to
be
happy.
3)You
deserve
a
rest
after
ten
hours
of
hard
work.
4)The
football
team
deserves
to
win.
45.
lately
['le?tli]:
adv.
最近;
不久前;近来
(常与现在完成时连用，有时也可与一般现在时连用)
recently:
adv.
最近;近来
(常与现在完成时连用，有时也与一般过去时连用)
in/over/for/during
the
last/past
…：在过去的多少时间里
(常与现在完成时连用)
1)Lately,
all
of
us
have
seen
Chinese
people
on
TV
in
far-off
places
in
the
world，helping
other
countries
to
develop.
2)Have
you
heard
from
your
uncle
lately?
3)I
haven't
seen
your
daughter
lately.
46.
input
['?np?t]:
n.
情况;
信息;
投入;
输入
vt.
输入
(input
--
input/inputted)
(inputting)
1)So
I
was
unhappy
about
her
leaving
without
even
asking
for
my
input.
2)We
listen
to
our
employees
and
value
their
input.
3)I
would
appreciate
your
input
on
this
work.
4)The
work
is
just
helping
out
with(帮助)data
input.
5)All
this
information
has
been
input
onto
the
computer.
47.
tune
[tju?n][
tu?n]:
n.
曲调;
曲子
vt.
调音;
调节;
调频道
be
in/out
of
tune
(with
sb/sth):
(与…)协调/不协调;
(与…)一致/不一致;
(与…)融洽/不融洽
tune
in
(to
sth):
收听(收音机广播节目);
收看(电视节目)
1)But
then
I
began
to
hear
about
the
work
she
was
doing
in
Tanzania,
a
country
that
has
many
health
problems,
and
now
I
am
singing
a
different
tune.
2)I
don't
know
the
title
but
I
recognize
the
tune.
3)Would
you
please
tune
the
guitar/instrument
before
I
go
on?
4)The
radio
was
tuned
in
to
the
BBC
World
Service.
5)We
often
tune
in
to
CCTV
-
1to
watch
the
7
o’clock
news.
48.
contract
[k?n?tr?kt]:
vt.
感染(疾病);
与…订立合同(或契约)
[?k?ntr?kt
]:
n.
合同;
契约
develop:
v.
患(病);
发展;
开发
suffer
from...:
患(病)
a
contract
worker:
合同工
sign
a
contract:
签订合同
1)Many
dangerous
diseases
which
are
rare
in
China
are
quite
commonly
contracted
in
Tanzania.
2)The
driver
contracted
AIDS/
a
virus/a
disease/
the
flu.
3)You
can
contract
with
us
to
deliver
goods.
4)She
has
contracted
to
work
30
hours
a
week.
5)The
player
is
contracted
to
play
basketball
until
August
31.
6)My
son
won
a
contract
to
build
a
new
school
at
the
town.
49.
grant
[ɡrɑ?nt][
ɡr?nt
]:
vt.
同意;
准许
n.
拨款
allow/permit
doing...:
允许做什么
allow/permit
sb
to
do...:
允许某人做什么
1)
My
request
was
granted.
2)Yesterday
the
bank
finally
granted
a
$5,000,000
loan
to
me.
=
Yesterday
the
bank
finally
granted
me
a
$5,000,000
loan.
3)The
woman
won
a
grant
to
develop
her
own
business.
50.
take
...for
granted:
认为…是理所当然;
对…不予重视
1)And,
while
the
country
is
quite
beautiful
and
has
much
natural
wealth,
many
of
the
people
are
quite
poor
and
live
without
things
we
take
for
granted,
such
as
electricity，running
water，cars
and
good
transport
systems，and
supermarkets.
2)I
want
you
to
know
that
I
do
not
take
that
for
granted.
3)Your
problem
is
that
you
take
your
wife/
your
mother’s
words
for
granted.
4)We
take
so
many
things
for
granted
these
days:
electricity,
running
water,
cars.
5)They
took
it
for
granted
that
they
should
speak
to
China
from
a
position
of
strength.
6)Many
children
take
it
for
granted
that
they
can
get
money
from
their
parents.
51.
cardiac
['kɑ?d??k]:
adj.
心脏病的;
心脏的
heart
[hɑ?t]:
n.
心;
心脏;
爱心
cardiac
arrest:
心脏骤停
a
heart
attack:
心脏病突发/发作
cardiac
weakness:
心脏病
heart
trouble/disease/illness:
心脏病
1)One
project
that
my
mother
worked
on
was
helping
to
build
a
cardiac
hospital.
2)Cardiac
arrest
killed
more
than
300,000
people
in
the
United
States
every
year.
3)The
king
was
suffering
from
cardiac
weakness.
52.
circuit
['s??k?t]:
n.
巡回;
环形线路
the
women's/men’s
tennis
circuit:
女子/男子网球巡回赛
the
lecture
circuit:
巡回讲学
1)He
retired
this
year
after
over
ten
years
on
the
tennis
circuit.
2)How
many
legs
are
there
in
the
circuit?
3)They
did/made
a
circuit
of
the
old
city
wall
yesterday
afternoon.
4)The
earth
takes
a
year
to
make
a
circuit
of
the
sun.
53.
disability
[?d?s?'b?l?ti
]:
n.
缺陷;
障碍
disabled
[d?s'e?bld]:
adj.
有残疾的;
丧失能力的
the
disabled:
残疾人;
伤残人
have
a
disability:
有残疾
a
physical/mental
disability
:
生理缺陷/心理障碍
1)He?had?a?learning?disability?from?an?early?age.?
2)As
a
matter
of
fact,
many
people
have
a
disability.
3)Her
disability
makes
it
difficult
for
her
to
do
some
things.
54.
consultation
[?k?ns?l'te??n]:
n.
咨询;咨询会
consult
[k?n?s?lt]:
v.
咨询;请教;商量
1)My
mother
also
does
a
circuit
of
the
rural
villages
to
provide
medical
treatment,
help
those
with
disabilities,
and
provide
consultation
and
training
for
local
doctors.
2)We
also
provide
best
consultation,
information
and
other
services.
55.
capsule
['k?psju:l]:
n.
胶囊;
太空舱
1)The
doctor
advised
me
to
take
a
capsule
this
morning.
2)Take?three?capsules?three?times?a?day.?
3)The?astronauts?work?and?live?in?the?space?capsule.?
56.
relay
['ri?le?]
[
r?'le?]:
vt.
转发;
转播
n.
接力赛;
接班的人
a
relay
team:
接力队
the
4
×
100m
relay:
4
×
100米接力赛
rely
[r??la?]:
v.
依靠;
依赖;
信任;
信赖
rely
on/upon…:
依靠;
信赖
broadcast
[?br??dkɑ?st]:
v.
播送(电视或无线电节目);
广播;传播(信息等)
1)Just
now
she
relayed
the
message
to
her
friends.
2)The
satellite
will
be
used
mainly
to
relay
television
programmes.
3)I
was
the
last
runner
in
the
4x100m
relay.
4)Some
1,000
people
are
likely
to
run
in
a
relay
next
month.
57.
relay
to...:
转达给…;
转发给…
1)Today,
I
want
to
relay
to
you
that
I’m
proud
of
the
work
my
mother
has
done,
and
I
am
now
supportive
of
it.
2)There
was
nothing
yet
for
the
satellite
cameras
to
pick
up
and
relay
to
the
weather
station.
3)Just
now
she
relayed
the
short
message
to
her
friends.
58.
criterion
[kra?'t??ri?n]:
n.
(pl.
criteria
[-ri?
])
(评判或作决定的)标准;
准则;
原则
phenomenon(复phenomena):
n.
现象
[f??n?m?n?n]
[f??n?m?n?]
standard?[?st?nd?d]：n.
标准
principle
[?pr?ns?pl]:
n.
原则;
准则;
规范
1)But?for?politeness,?there?is?a?different?criterion?in?China.?
2)Practice?is?the?sole(唯一的)?criterion?for?testing?truth.
59.
stability
[st?'b?l?ti]:
n.
稳定(性);
稳固(性)
stable
[?ste?bl]:
adj.
安定的;
平静的;
稳定的;
稳固的
steady
[?sted?]：adj.
稳固的;
稳定的;
牢固的
political/economic/social
stability
:
政治/经济/社会稳定
1)But
by
any
criteria
this
work
is
worth
it
to
us
as
well,
because
it
shows
that
we
are
global
citizens
interested
in
world
stability,
and
that
we
feel
responsible
for
others
and
are
ready
to
build
a
community
with
a
shared
future
for
mankind.
2)Stability?of?price?is?very?important.?
3)There?is?peace?and?stability?throughout?the?country.
4)Political/Economic/Social
stability
is
of
great
importance
to
a
country.
60.
pray
[pre?]:
vi.
&vt.
企盼;
祈祷
prayer
[pre?(r)]:
n.
祷告;
祈祷
?pray
for
peace/sb:
祈求和平/为某人祈祷
1)He
prayed
that
his
wife
would
one
day
have
a
child.
2)They
knelt
down
and
prayed.
3)She
prayed
to
God
for
an
end
to
her
sufferings.
61.
pray
that:
但愿
1)In
the
future,
I
pray
that
you
will
do
the
same.
2)I?prayed?that?nobody?would?notice?my?mistake.?
3)We
prayed
that
you
would
get
everything
you
ever
want.
4)Tom
prayed
that
the
teacher
hadn’t
noticed
his
absence.
62.
hypothetical
[?ha?p?'θet?kl]:
adj.
假设的;
假定的
a
hypothetical
question/situation/example
:
假定的问题/情况/例子
1)A
scientific
experiment
is
to
test
a
hypothetical
theory
in
the
lab.
2)And
what
will
you
do
if
you
find
this
hypothetical
job?
3)This
is
a
purely
hypothetical
situation.
63.
Papua
New
Guinea:
巴布亚新几内亚(国家名)
[?p?pu?
nju?
?ɡ?ni]
64.
Ghana
[?gɑ?n?]:
加纳(国家名)
65.
Congo
[?k??g??]
:
刚果(国家名)
66.
Panama
[?p?n?mɑ?]:
巴拿马(国家名)
12
