专题02
代词、介词和介词短语
一、2021年高考真题
1.（2021.6全国甲卷
语法填空）It
was
built
originally
to
protect
the
city??????2??????the
Tang
dynasty
and
has
now
been
completely
restored（修复）.
【答案】
in
【解析】考查介词。在唐朝the
Tang
dynasty，是段时间，故填
in。
2.（2021.6新高考1卷
语法填空）As
the
song
goes,
this
long
and
winding
road
"will
never
disappear",
and
it
will
always
stick
in
the
visitor's
memory.
It
sure
does
in??????9??????(I).
【答案】mine
【解析】考查代词。根据提示词可知，句意为：这首歌必定会留在我的记忆中。句中it指代the
song,
does指代动词sticks，空格处应指
my
memory，
为了避免重复，用名词性物主代词来代替
"形容词性物主代词
+
名词"。故填mine。
3.（2021.6全国乙卷
语法填空）Ecotourism
has??????3??????(it)
origin
with
the
environmental
movement
of
the
1970s.
【答案】its
【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。空格所填词与空后的origin一起作has的宾语；同时与空后的origin构成限定关系，因此应填形容词物主代词。句意：生态旅游业起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。故填its。
4.（2021.6全国乙卷
语法填空）Due
to?the
growing
popularity
of
environmentally-related
and
adventure
travel,
various
types??????6??????trips
are
now
being
classified
as
ecotourism.
【答案】of
【解析】考查介词。根据空格前后为名词并具有所属关系。句意：……各种各样的旅行被归类于生态旅行。故填of。
5.（2021.1
浙江卷
语法填空）The
study
found
that
between
1985
and
2017,
average
rural
BMI
increased??????5??????2.1
in
women
and
men.
【答案】by
【解析】考查介词。句意：研究发现1985-2017年间，男人和女人BMI的平均数值上升了2.1。increase
by+数值表示增长了多少，故答案为by。
6.（2021.6
浙江卷
语法填空）
In
1844
they
bought
it??????2??????＄
1,200
and
some
land
from
Charles
Dresser...
【答案】for
【解析】考查介词。buy
sth.
for
+价格，表示以什么价格购买某物。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格购买了这个房子和一些地。
7.（2021.6
浙江卷
语法填空）She
was
extremely
pretty,
and
her
house
was
a
reflection
of??????6??????(she),
everything
in
good
taste
and
in
perfect
order."
【答案】herself
【解析】考查反身代词。句意：她非常漂亮，并且她的房子就是她的写照，每件东西都摆放整齐，品味也很好。
8.（2021.6全国甲卷
改错）Some
will
turn
out
to
their
parents
or
teachers
for
help.
【答案】去掉out
【解析】考查固定搭配。turn
to
sb.
For
help表示想某人寻求帮助，故turn后面去掉out。
9.（2021.6全国乙卷
改错）In
my
opinion,
students
can
benefit
a
lot
doing
some
housework.
【答案】a
lot后加上from
【解析】考查介词。根据句子中的benefit及doing可知，考查benefit…
from…的固定用法，表示
"从……中收获到……"
。故在a
lot后加上from。
二、2020年高考真题
1.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）Data
about
the
moon’s
composition,
such
as
how
69
ice
and
other
treasures
it
contains,
could
help
China
decide
whether
70
(it)
plans
for
a
future
lunar
(月球的)
base
are
practical.
69．【答案】much
【解析】考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。
70．【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
2.（2020·新课标I卷短文改错）After
that
I
poured
oil
into
a
pan
and
turned
off
the
stove，
I
waited
patiently
unless
the
oil
was
hot.
【答案】将off改为on
【解析】考查介词。句意：之后我把油倒进一个平底锅，然后开火。根据I
poured
oil
into
a
pan及常识可知，把油倒进锅里后应是打开炉子，所以此处应使用短语turn
on，故将off改为n。
3.（2020·新课标I卷短文改错）＂Not
that
way，＂my
mom
tried
to
stop
us
but
failed.
【答案】将us改为me
【解析】考查代词。句意：“不是那样。”我的妈妈尽力阻止我，但是失败了。根据上文可知，是作者一个人做菜，此处指妈妈尽力阻止“我”，应使用第一人称单数的宾格，故将us改为me。
4.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）Oranges:
Orange
trees
are
more
64
decoration;
they
are
a
symbol
of
good
fortune
and
wealth.
【答案】than
【解析】考查短语。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more
than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。
5.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）Then
I
can
spare
some
time
to
learn
it
again,
such
that
we
can
practice
together
on
every
day.
【答案】去掉on
【解析】考查介词。句意：我们就可以每天一起练习。介词on后接的是具体时间。every
day
译为“每一天”，前不能用有任何介词修饰。故on多余，应去掉。
6.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）Best
of
luck
with
yours
learning
kung
fu
in
China.
【答案】将yours改为your
【解析】考查代词。句意：祝你在中国学习功夫好运。分析句子，best
luck
of
you
译为“祝你好运”是固定短语。故将your改为you。句中的yours为名词性物主代词，不可修饰后面的动名词。故将yours改为your。
6.（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）The
artist
was
finally
humbled
(谦卑)
by
the
greatest
artist
70．
earth,
Mother
Nature.
【答案】on
【解析】考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on
earth。故填on。
7.
（2020·江苏卷单项填空）Taking
on
this
challenge
will
bring
you
_____
someone
who
shares
your
interests.
A.
in
exchange
for
B.
in
answer
to
C.
in
contact
with
D.
in
memory
of
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:接受这个挑战会让你和你有共同兴趣的人接触。A.
in
exchange
for作为交换；B.
in
answer
to回答；C.
in
contact
with接触，与……有联系；D.
in
memory
of纪念。根据空后someone
who
shares
your
interests及常识可知，此处指“和与你有共同兴趣的人接触”。故选C。
8.
（2020·江苏卷单项填空）This
actor
often
has
the
first
two
tricks
planned
before
performing,
and
then
goes
for
______.
A.
whichever
B.
whenever
C.
wherever
D.
whatever
【答案】D
【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意:这个演员通常在表演前就已经计划好了前两个技巧，然后全力以赴。A.
whichever无论哪个；B.
whenever无论何时；C.
wherever无论何地；D.
whatever无论什么。分析句子成分可知，此处做goes
for的宾语，指代“任何事情”，whatever符合语境。故选D。
9．（2020·天津卷单项填空）For
my
fifth
birthday,
my
mother
baked
me
a
cake
______
a
monkey.
A．in
the
shape
of
B．beyond
the
reach
of
C．at
the
mercy
of
D．on
the
side
of
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:我五岁生日的时候，妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。A.
in
the
shape
of呈……形状；B.
beyond
the
reach
of超出……的能力之外C.
at
the
mercy
of
受……的支配；D.
on
the
side
of拥护……，站在……的一边。蛋糕是猴子“形状”的。故选A。
10.（2020·山东卷语法填空）As
well
as
looking
at
exhibits,
visitors
can
play
with
computer
simulations
(模拟)
and
imagine
42．
(they)
living
at
a
different
time
in
history
or
43（walking）(walk)through
a
rainforest.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查反身代词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
11.（2020·山东卷语法填空）Museums
must
compete
45
people’s
spare
time
and
money
with
other
amusements.
【答案】for
【解析】考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete
for，意为“为了……竞争”。故填for。
12.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）Some
time
after
10，000
BC，people
made
the
first
real
attempt
to
control
the
world
they
lived
56．
，through
agriculture.56．
【答案】in
【解析】考查介词。句意：公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析可知，“they
lived
_____”应是之前名词the
world
的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略，可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they
lived
in
the
world.
live
in+名词，意为“居住在某地”。故填in。
三、2019年高考真题
1.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】3.A
study
shows
the
students
who
are
engaged
in
after-school
activities
are
happier
than
_________who
are
not.
A.
ones
B.
those
C.
these
D.
them
【答案】B
【解析】考查代词。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。空格处代词与the
students是对应关系，可以用the
ones或者those替代。“them”指代的是前边提到的复数名词，不能与the
students形成对应关系。“these”一般不用定语从句修饰。故选B。
2.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】27.Favorable
policies
are
___________
to
encourage
employees'
professional
development.
A.
in
effect
B.
in
command
C.
in
turn
D.
in
shape
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语。句意：好的制度政策实际上都会激发员工的专业水平的提升。A.
in
effect实际上；B.
in
command指挥；C.
in
turn轮流，依次；D.
in
shape在外形上，处于良好的状态。故选A。
3.【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】Modem
methods
___63___
tracking
polar
bear
populations
have
been
employed
only
since
the
mid-1980s,
and
are
expensive
to
perform
(perform)
consistently
over
a
large
area.
【答案】of/for
【解析】考查介词用法。此处tracking
polar
bear
populations作Modern
methods的定语，用of
连接，“methods
of
doing
sth.”，意为“……的方法”，构成固定结构。或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用for。故填of/for。
4.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】We
were
first
greeted
with
the
barking
by
a
pack
___63___
dogs，seven
to
be
exact.
【答案】of
【解析】考查介词。“a
pack
of”意为“一群”。故填of。
5.【2019·浙江卷·语法填空】But
can
uniforms
help
improve
school
standards?
The
answer
___61___
this
question
is
not
clear.
【答案】to
【解析】考查介词。句意：这个问题的答案不清楚。the
key/answer
to
...这是固定搭配，“……的答案是……”。故填to。
6.（2019·北京卷·语法填空）Nervously
__facing_
(face)
challenges,
I
know
I
will
whisper
to
___3___(I)
the
two
simple
words
“Be
yourself”.
【答案】myself
【解析】考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。
7.【2019·新课标III卷·短文改错】
In?the?cafe,?customers?will?enjoy?yourself?in?the?historical?environment?that
?is?created?for?them.?
【答案】yourself改为themselves
【解析】考查代词的用法。customers是句子的主语，故把
yourselves改为
themselves。
8.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】On
our
way
to
the
house，it
was
raining
___so__
hard
that
we
couldn't
help
wondering
how
long
it
would
take
___62___
(get)there.
【答案】to
get
【解析】考查非谓语。
句意：我们忍不住想知道还要多久才能到那里。该句中考查了固定用法：It
takes
time
to
do
sth.：花时间做某事，该句式中it作形式主语，time做宾语，使用不定式作真正的主语。而句中只是在对宾语时间，用how
long
对其进行提问，不影响不定式的使用，故答案为to
get。
四、2018年高考真题
1.【2018·北京】14.
—Good
morning,
Mr.
Lee’s
office.
—Good
morning.
I’d
like
to
make
an
appointment
_________
next
Wednesday
afternoon.
A.
for
B.
on
C.
in
D.
at
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词。句意：——早上好，Lee先生办公室。——早上好。我想预约下周三下午（和Mr.
Lee见面）。make
an
appointment
for意为“为……预约”，是固定搭配，故A选项正确。
点睛：make
an
appointment
with
sb.和某人预约；make
an
appointment
for为……预约。
2.【2018·天津】11.
Bob
thought
he
couldn't
go
to
the
party
because
he
had
to
write
a
report,
but
he
went
___________.
A.
at
first
B.
after
all
C.
above
all
D.
at
random
【答案】B
【解析】句意：鲍勃认为他不能去参加聚会，因为他不得不写一份报告，但它毕竟还是去了。at
first
首先；after
all毕竟，终究；above
all首先；at
random随便地。根据前面的转折连词可知，与前面的情况相反，所以选B。
点睛：本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析短语的能力。对于短语而言，没有捷径可言，只有老老实实的记忆。考生除了要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还需要重点关注他们用法上的区别。
3.【2018·江苏】33.
China’s
soft?power?grows?_______
the?increasing?appreciation?and?understanding
of
China
globally.
A.
in
line
with
B.
in
reply
to
C.
in
return
for
D.
in
honour
of
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：中国的软实力增长与日俱增全球对中国的赏识和理解相一致。A.
in
line
with按照；与...一致；B.
in
reply
to答复；C.
in
return
for作为
...
的报酬；D.
in
honour
of为纪念。故选A。
点睛：本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析介词短语的能力。考生平时在学习中多积累之外还需要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还应注意多辨析意思相近的介词短语，重点关注他们用法上的区别。
4.【2018·新课标III卷·语法填空】I
was
searching
___67___
these
three
western
lowland
gorillas
I'd
been
observing.
【答案】
for
【解析】考查动词短语搭配。search
for是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，表示“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。
【2017·天津卷】12.
When
you
drive
through
the
Redwood
Forests
in
California,
you
will
be
_____
trees
that
are
over
1,000
years
old.
A.
among
B.
against
C.
behind
D.
below
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：
句意：当你开车穿过加州的红木森林时，你将会位于超过百年历史的树木之间。
be
among
位于之间；
be
against
反对；
be
behind
在后面；
be
below在之下。根据句意，故选A。
考点：考查介词辨析。
【名师点睛】对于介词辨析题目，首先可以从句意着手，看懂句意是解答此类题目的关键，其次四个选项的意思也要了如指掌。这对于平时学生的基本知识进行考查，学生在平时的学习中要勤积累，多记忆，多多积累，以便在考试时能够迅速准确的答出，还有的是一些固定搭配，需要了如指掌。
【2017·天津卷】13.
We
offer
an
excellent
education
to
our
students.
________,
we
expect
students
to
word
hard.
A.
On
average
B.
At
best
C.
in
return
D.
After
all
【答案】C
考点：考查介词短语辨析。
【名师点睛】辨析介词短语没有捷径，只有加强平时的背诵，包括词组本身的含义，一词多义，做题时要弄懂句意和上下文的逻辑关系，进行判断。学生平时要特别注意这方面的积累。
【2017·江苏卷】32.Determining
where
we
are
_______
our
surroundings
remains
an
essential
skill
for
our
survival.
A.
in
contrast
to
B.
in
defense
of
C.
in
face
of
D.
in
relation
to
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查介词短语的辨析。A.
in
contrast
to对比，截然不同；B.
in
defense
of为……辩护；C.
in
face
of面对；D.
in
relation
to与……有关。句意：根据周围的环境辨别方位仍然是我们生存的一项极其重要的
技能。故选D。
考点：考查介词短语的辨析
【2017·北京卷】35.
Many
people
who
live
along
the
coast
make
a
living
_______
fishing
industry.
A.
at
B.
in
C.
on
D.
by
【答案】B
试题分析：许多住在海边上的人都是靠渔业来谋生的。此处用介词in,不用by,因为by后面通常接做什么事情来谋生，此处是指在捕鱼这个行业里，在这个行业里谋生，用in，故选B。专题02
代词、介词和介词短语
一、2021年高考真题
1.（2021.6全国甲卷
语法填空）It
was
built
originally
to
protect
the
city??????2??????the
Tang
dynasty
and
has
now
been
completely
restored（修复）.
2.（2021.6新高考1卷
语法填空）As
the
song
goes,
this
long
and
winding
road
"will
never
disappear",
and
it
will
always
stick
in
the
visitor's
memory.
It
sure
does
in??????9??????(I).
3.（2021.6全国乙卷
语法填空）Ecotourism
has??????3??????(it)
origin
with
the
environmental
movement
of
the
1970s.
4.（2021.6全国乙卷
语法填空）Due
to?the
growing
popularity
of
environmentally-related
and
adventure
travel,
various
types??????6??????trips
are
now
being
classified
as
ecotourism.
5.（2021.1
浙江卷
语法填空）The
study
found
that
between
1985
and
2017,
average
rural
BMI
increased??????5??????2.1
in
women
and
men.
6.（2021.6
浙江卷
语法填空）
In
1844
they
bought
it??????2??????＄
1,200
and
some
land
from
Charles
Dresser...
7.（2021.6
浙江卷
语法填空）She
was
extremely
pretty,
and
her
house
was
a
reflection
of??????6??????(she),
everything
in
good
taste
and
in
perfect
order."
8.（2021.6全国甲卷
改错）Some
will
turn
out
to
their
parents
or
teachers
for
help.
9.（2021.6全国乙卷
改错）In
my
opinion,
students
can
benefit
a
lot
doing
some
housework.
二、2020年高考真题
1.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）Data
about
the
moon’s
composition,
such
as
how
69
ice
and
other
treasures
it
contains,
could
help
China
decide
whether
70
(it)
plans
for
a
future
lunar
(月球的)
base
are
practical.
2.（2020·新课标I卷短文改错）After
that
I
poured
oil
into
a
pan
and
turned
off
the
stove，
I
waited
patiently
unless
the
oil
was
hot.
3.（2020·新课标I卷短文改错）＂Not
that
way，＂my
mom
tried
to
stop
us
but
failed.
4.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）Oranges:
Orange
trees
are
more
64
decoration;
they
are
a
symbol
of
good
fortune
and
wealth.
5.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）Then
I
can
spare
some
time
to
learn
it
again,
such
that
we
can
practice
together
on
every
day.
6.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）Best
of
luck
with
yours
learning
kung
fu
in
China.
6.（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）The
artist
was
finally
humbled
(谦卑)
by
the
greatest
artist
70．
earth,
Mother
Nature.
7.
（2020·江苏卷单项填空）Taking
on
this
challenge
will
bring
you
_____
someone
who
shares
your
interests.
A.
in
exchange
for
B.
in
answer
to
C.
in
contact
with
D.
in
memory
of
8.
（2020·江苏卷单项填空）This
actor
often
has
the
first
two
tricks
planned
before
performing,
and
then
goes
for
______.
A.
whichever
B.
whenever
C.
wherever
D.
whatever
9．（2020·天津卷单项填空）For
my
fifth
birthday,
my
mother
baked
me
a
cake
______
a
monkey.
A．in
the
shape
of
B．beyond
the
reach
of
C．at
the
mercy
of
D．on
the
side
of
10.（2020·山东卷语法填空）As
well
as
looking
at
exhibits,
visitors
can
play
with
computer
simulations
(模拟)
and
imagine
42．
(they)
living
at
a
different
time
in
history
or
43（walking）(walk)through
a
rainforest.
11.（2020·山东卷语法填空）Museums
must
compete
45
people’s
spare
time
and
money
with
other
amusements.
12.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）Some
time
after
10，000
BC，people
made
the
first
real
attempt
to
control
the
world
they
lived
56．
，through
agriculture.56．
三、2019年高考真题
1.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】3.A
study
shows
the
students
who
are
engaged
in
after-school
activities
are
happier
than
_________who
are
not.
A.
ones
B.
those
C.
these
D.
them
2.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】27.Favorable
policies
are
___________
to
encourage
employees'
professional
development.
A.
in
effect
B.
in
command
C.
in
turn
D.
in
shape
3.【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】Modem
methods
___63___
tracking
polar
bear
populations
have
been
employed
only
since
the
mid-1980s,
and
are
expensive
to
perform
(perform)
consistently
over
a
large
area.
4.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】We
were
first
greeted
with
the
barking
by
a
pack
___63___
dogs，seven
to
be
exact.
5.【2019·浙江卷·语法填空】But
can
uniforms
help
improve
school
standards?
The
answer
___61___
this
question
is
not
clear.
6.（2019·北京卷·语法填空）Nervously
__facing_
(face)
challenges,
I
know
I
will
whisper
to
___3___(I)
the
two
simple
words
“Be
yourself”.
7.【2019·新课标III卷·短文改错】
In?the?cafe,?customers?will?enjoy?yourself?in?the?historical?environment?that
?is?created?for?them.?
8.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】On
our
way
to
the
house，it
was
raining
___so__
hard
that
we
couldn't
help
wondering
how
long
it
would
take
___62___
(get)there.
四、2018年高考真题
1.【2018·北京】14.
—Good
morning,
Mr.
Lee’s
office.
—Good
morning.
I’d
like
to
make
an
appointment
_________
next
Wednesday
afternoon.
A.
for
B.
on
C.
in
D.
at
2.【2018·天津】11.
Bob
thought
he
couldn't
go
to
the
party
because
he
had
to
write
a
report,
but
he
went
___________.
A.
at
first
B.
after
all
C.
above
all
D.
at
random
3.【2018·江苏】33.
China’s
soft?power?grows?_______
the?increasing?appreciation?and?understanding
of
China
globally.
A.
in
line
with
B.
in
reply
to
C.
in
return
for
D.
in
honour
of
4.【2018·新课标III卷·语法填空】I
was
searching
___67___
these
three
western
lowland
gorillas
I'd
been
observing.
【2017·天津卷】12.
When
you
drive
through
the
Redwood
Forests
in
California,
you
will
be
_____
trees
that
are
over
1,000
years
old.
A.
among
B.
against
C.
behind
D.
below
【2017·天津卷】13.
We
offer
an
excellent
education
to
our
students.
________,
we
expect
students
to
word
hard.
A.
On
average
B.
At
best
C.
in
return
D.
After
all
【2017·江苏卷】32.Determining
where
we
are
_______
our
surroundings
remains
an
essential
skill
for
our
survival.
A.
in
contrast
to
B.
in
defense
of
C.
in
face
of
D.
in
relation
to
【2017·北京卷】35.
Many
people
who
live
along
the
coast
make
a
living
_______
fishing
industry.
A.
at
B.
in
C.
on
D.
by
