2022届一轮复习人教版（2019）选择性必修一：Unit 1 People of Achievement 课堂检测作业（含答案）

2022届一轮复习人教版（2019）选择性必修一：
Unit
1
People
of
Achievement
课堂检测
作业
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．This
year
has
seen
a
number
of___________(remark)business
stories
in
China,
including
some
masters
such
as
Alibaba
and
Huawei.
2．After
four
decades
of
reform
and
opening-up,
Silicon
Valley
of
China
has___________(gradual)become
a
global
hardware
center.
3．When
fighting
with
natural
disasters,
the
workers
were___________(passion)
and
looked
for
entertainment
through
competition.
4．As
a
hospital,
famous
for
its___________(profession)
treatment,
301
Hospital
is
always
rather
crowded.
5．This
is
the
same
dictionary________I
lost
last
week.
6．Like
ancient
sailors,
birds
can
find
their
way__________（use）the
sun
and
the
stars.
7．___________(work)for
two
days,
Steve
managed
to
complete
his
task.
8．The
girl
used
to
be
shy,
but
is_____________（gradual）getting
active
in
group
work
and
is
more
willing
to
express
herself.
9．Eliza
remembers
everything
exactly
as
if
it__________（happen）yesterday.
10．It
seems
as
if
our
teacher___________（look）for
something
in
the
classroom.
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子
选词填空
die
from;
sum
up;
come
to
power;
take
up;
as
a
consequence
of;
stand
on
end;
as
though;
insist
on;
find
out;
draw
a
conclusion;
graduate
from;
get
stuck;
lead
to;
11．“The
error,
if
not
checked,
could
______________
an
overall
disaster.
”
he
said.
12．If
you
ever
______________,
ask
around
for
help
until
you
are
able
to
complete
a
given
task.
13．Up
to
half
of
all
smokers
will
______________
a
tobacco-related
disease.
14．They
need
to
interview
some
people
and
______________
if
they
like
their
jobs.
15．______________
USA,
Qian
Xueshen
managed
to
come
back
home
to
serve
our
motherland.
16．Ma
Yun
______________
retiring
and
trying
to
have
a
change
of
his
life
last
year.
17．You
had
better
keep
on
trying
if
you
find
it
difficult
to
_______________.
18．As
the
situation
has
changed,
it
is
necessary
______________
the
practical
experience
of
the
current
regulations.
19．Emperor
Kang
Xi
took
a
series
of
measures
to
develop
the
nation’s
economy
after_______________.
20．_______________,
there
is
a
growing
recognition
that
the
path
to
prosperity
must
be
built
on
a
solid
foundation
of
good
governance.
三、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
World-famous
physicist
Stephen
Hawking
has
died
at
the
age
of
76.
He
died21．(peaceful)at
his
home
in
Cambridge
in
the
early22．(hour)of
Wednesday.
Hawking
was
known23．the
public
for
his
work
with
black
holes
and
relativity,
and
wrote
several
popular
science
books
,
including
A
Brief
History
of
Time.
At
the
age
of
22,
Prof.
Hawking24．(give)only
a
few
years
to
live
after
doctors
declared
that
he
suffered
from
a
rare
disease.
The
illness
left
him
in
a
wheelchair
and
he
was
25．(able)to
speak
except
through
a
voice
synthesizer(合成器).
Prof.
Hawking
was
the
first
26．(set)out
a
theory
of
cosmology(宇宙学)explained
by
a
union
of
the
general
theory
of
relativity
and
quantum
mechanics.
He
also
discovered
that
black
holes27．(leak)energy
and
fade
to
nothing—a
phenomenon
that
would28．(late)become
known
as
Hawking
radiation.
Through
his
work
with
mathematician
Sir
Roger
Penrose,
he
proved
that
Einstein's
general
theory
of
relativity
suggests
space
and
time
would
have
a
beginning
in
the
Big
Bang
and29．end
in
black
holes.
In
a
statement
his
children
praised
his
"courage
and
persistence"
and
said
his
"brilliance
and
humour"
inspired
people
across
the
world.
They
added,
"He
once
said,
'It
would
not
be
much
of
a
universe30．it
wasn't
home
to
the
people
you
love.'
We
will
miss
him
forever."
四、七选五
Some
people
make
you
feel
comfortable
when
they
are
around.
You
spend
an
hour
with
them
and
feel
as
if
you
have
known
them
half
your
life.31．
Here
are
several
skills
that
good
talkers
have.
If
you
follow
the
skills,
they’ll
help
you
put
people
at
their
ease,
and
make
friends
with
them
quickly.
First
of
all,
good
talkers
ask
questions.32．One
well-known
businesswoman
says,
“At
business
lunches,
I
always
ask
people
what
they
did
that
morning.
It’s
a
common
question,
but
it
will
get
things
going.”
From
there
you
can
move
on
to
other
matters—sometimes
to
really
personal
questions.33．
Second,
once
good
talkers
have
asked
questions,
they
listen
to
the
answers.
This
point
seems
clear,
but
it
isn’t.
Your
questions
should
have
a
point
and
help
to
tell
what
sort
of
person
you
are
talking
to.
And
to
find
out,
you
really
have
to
listen
carefully
and
attentively.
34．
If
someone
sticks
to
one
topic,
you
can
take
it
as
a
fact
that
he’s
really
interested
in
it.
Real
listening
also
means
not
just
listening
to
words,
but
to
tones
of
voice.
If
the
voice
sounds
dull,
then,
it’s
time
for
you
to
change
the
subject.
Finally,
good
talkers
know
well
how
to
deal
with
the
occasion
of
parting.
If
you’re
saying
good-bye,
you
may
give
him
a
firm
handshake
and
say,
“I’ve
really
enjoyed
meeting
you.”35．Let
people
know
what
you
feel,
and
they
may
walk
away
feeling
as
if
they’ve
known
you
half
their
life.
A．You
can
become
a
popular
person.
B．It’s
polite
to
listen
to
others
with
a
smile.
C．These
people
have
something
in
common.
D．Real
listening
at
least
means
some
things.
E.If
you
want
to
see
that
person
again,
don’t
keep
it
a
secret.
F.And
how
he
answers
will
let
you
know
how
far
you
can
go.
G.Almost
anyone,
no
matter
how
shy
he
is,
will
answer
a
question.
参考答案
1．remarkable
【详解】
考查形容词。句意：今年，中国出现了许多引人注目的商业故事，包括阿里巴巴(Alibaba)和华为(Huawei)等巨头。修饰后文名词短语)business
stories应用形容词remarkable，作定语。故填remarkable。
2．gradually
【详解】
考查副词。句意：经过40年的改革开放，中国硅谷逐渐成为全球硬件中心。分析句子可知，空中的词用来修饰动词，作状语，故填gradually。
3．passionate
【详解】
考查形容词。句意：在与自然灾害的斗争中，工人们充满激情，通过竞争寻找娱乐。分析可知，空前为系动词“were”，所填空应是形容词作表语。passion名词，意为“热情；酷爱”，其形容词形式为“passionate”，意为“热情的；热烈的”。故填passionate。
4．professional
【详解】
考查形容词。句意：作为一家以专业治疗闻名的医院，301医院总是相当拥挤。分析可知，空后为名词，所填空应是形容词作定语。profession名词，意为
“职业；专业”，其形容词形式为
professional，意为“专业的；职业的”。故填professional。
5．as/that
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这就是我上星期丢失的那本字典。分析句子可知，空后面的句子为定语从句，先行词为dictionary，前面有the
same修饰，可以用as或that连接，故填as/that。
6．using
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：就像古代的水手，鸟儿可以通过用太阳和星星来找到它们的路。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语birds和use之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填using。
7．Having
worked
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：已经工作了两天，Steve终于设法完成了他的任务。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Steve和work之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，再结合语境和for
two
days可知，非谓语的动作发生在谓语动作manage之前，故应用现在分词的完成式having
done，故填Having
worked。
8．gradually
【详解】
考查副词。句意：这个女孩以前很害羞，但现在逐渐在小组活动中活跃，更愿意表达自己。gradual要修饰谓语is
getting，副词修饰动词作状语，用副词gradually。故填gradually。
9．happened
【详解】
考查时态。句意：伊莱扎精确地记得每件事，就好像它发生在昨天一样。此处是由as
if引导的虚拟语气，由主句谓语动词
remembers可知，此句表示内容与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用一般过去时。故填happened。
10．is
looking
【详解】
考查时态。句意：我们的老师好像在教室里找什么东西似的。根据语境可知，此处表示的是真实情况，应该用陈述语气而不是虚拟语气，语境表明“找东西”这一动作正在发生，应该用现在进行时，主语是teacher，谓语动词用单数，故填is
looking。
11．lead
to
12．get
stuck
13．die
from
14．find
out
15．Having
graduated
from
16．insisted
on
17．draw
a
conclusion
18．to
sum
up
19．coming
into
power
20．Throughout
the
world
【分析】
本题考查选词填空，注意各个短语词义的辨析。
11．
考查动词短语。句意：“这个错误，如果不加以检查，可能会成为一个影响全局的灾难（导致满盘皆输）”，他说。根据“an
overall
disaster”可知此处表示“导致、引起”，情态动词could后接动词原形，故填lead
to。
12．
考查动词短语。句意：如果你遇到难题卡住了，向周围人请求帮助，直到你能够完成既定任务。根据“ask
around
for
help
until
you
are
able
to
complete
a
given
task.”可知此处表示“陷入僵局、遇到困难”，在if引导的条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来，主语是you，谓语动词用复数，故填get
stuck。
13．
考查动词短语。句意：所有吸烟者中有多达半数以上会死于一种与烟草相关的疾病。根据“a
tobacco-related
disease”可知此处表示“死于”，will后接动词原形，故填die
from。
14．
考查动词短语。句意：他们需要采访一些人，看看他们是否喜欢他们的工作。need
to
do
sth表示“需要做某事”，根据“if
they
like
their
jobs”可知此处表示“查明”，故填find
out。
15．
考查非谓语动词。句意：从美国毕业后，钱学森设法回国报效祖国。根据“USA,
Qian
Xueshen
managed
to
come
back
home”可知此处表示“从……毕业”，Qian
Xueshen与graduate
from之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，而且“从美国毕业”明显发生在“设法回到祖国”之前，所以用现在分词的完成式作状语，故填Having
graduated
from。
16．
考查时态。句意：去年，马云坚持退休并尝试换一种方式生活。根据“retiring
and
trying
to
have
a
change
of
his
life”可知此处表示“坚持”，时间状语“last
year”表明事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故填insisted
on。
17．
考查动词短语。句意：如果你发现难以得出结论，你最好继续努力。根据“You
had
better
keep
on
trying”可知此处表示“得出结论”，“find
it
easy/difficult
to
do”表示“发现很容易/难做某事”，其中it是形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语，空前已经有了不定式符号to，故填draw
a
conclusion。
18．
考查不定式的用法。句意：随着形势的变化，有必要总结现行法规的实践经验。根据“the
practical
experience
of
the
current
regulations”可知此处表示“总结”，
it
is
necessary
to
do表示“有必要做某事”，其中it是形式主语，后面的不定式是真正的主语，故填to
sum
up。
19．
考查非谓语动词。句意：康熙亲政后，采取了一系列措施发展清朝的经济。根据“Emperor
Kang
Xi
took
a
series
of
measures
to
develop
the
nation’s
economy”可知此处表示“执政”，介词after后接动名词作宾语，故填coming
into
power。
20．
考查介词短语。句意：在世界各地，人们日益认识到，通向繁荣的道路必须建立在良好治理的坚实基础上。根据“there
is
a
growing
recognition
that
the
path
to
prosperity
must
be
built
on
a
solid
foundation
of
good
governance”可知此处表示“全世界”，故填Throughout
the
world。
21．peacefully
22．hours
23．to
24．was
given
25．unable
26．to
set
27．leak
28．later
29．an
30．if
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。举世闻名的物理学家霍金在76岁时去世。他因为黑洞和相对论的著作而闻名，他的书包括《时间简史》等。
21．
考查副词。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词die，故填peacefully。
22．
考查名词的数。此处是固定短语in
early
hours“凌晨”，故填hours。
23．
考查介词。此处是固定短语be
known
to
sb.“为某人所熟知”，故填to。
24．
考查时态和语态。根据上文的at
the
age
of
22可知此处讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，主语Hawking和give之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填was
given。
25．
考查形容词。句意：疾病让他只能坐在轮椅里，他不能说话，除非通过一个语音合成器。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语be
unable
to
do
sth.“不能做某事”，故填unable。
26．
考查不定式。分析句子可知，此处考查名词被序数词修饰或本身就是序数词时，应用不定式作为后置定语，故填to
set。
27．
考查时态。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，因从句讲述客观事实，故用一般现在时，主语black
holes是复数，故谓语动词用原形，故填leak。
28．
考查副词。句意：这种现象就是后来大家所知的霍金辐射。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处用副词later“后来”作状语符合语境，故填later。
29．
考查冠词。根据前文的a
beginning
in
the
Big
Bang可知此处意为“一个结束”，其表达为an
end，故填an。
30．
考查连词。句意：如果它不是你所爱的人的家，它就不会是一个多大的宇宙。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处用连词if“如果”符合语境，故填if。
31．C
32．G
33．F
34．D
35．E
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了如何能成为一个善于交谈的人。
31．
根据空格前句子Some
people
make
you
feel
comfortable
when
they
are
around.可知，有一些人在你身边时会让你感觉很舒服。再根据第二段段首句Here
are
several
skills
that
good
talkers
have.可知，下文将介绍一些善于交谈的人所具备的技巧。由此可以推断出空格处应为承上启下的句子，C项These
people
have
something
in
common.意为“这些人有共同点”，句中These
people与上文的Some
people指代一致，都代指下文提到的善于交谈的人，切题。故选C项。
32．
分析文章结构，文章为总分结构。空格所在段主旨句为“First
of
all,
good
talkers
ask
questions.”，意为“善于交谈的人会问问题”。G项Almost
anyone,
no
matter
how
shy
he
is,
will
answer
a
question.意为“几乎每个人，不管他多害羞，都会回答一个问题”，能够承接上文，表达出提出问题在交谈过程中的用途，能够开启你和别人的对话。故选G项。
33．
根据空格前句子From
there
you
can
move
on
to
other
matters—sometimes
to
really
personal
questions.可知，接下来你可能会问一些私人问题。F项And
how
he
answers
will
let
you
know
how
far
you
can
go.意为“他的回答会让你知道你们还能聊多久”，能够承接上文，句中的how
he
answers与上文中的personal
questions.形成对应关系，即一问一答。故选F项。
34．
空格所在段主旨句为“Second,
once
good
talkers
have
asked
questions,
they
listen
to
the
answers.”，意为“一旦健谈者提出问题，他们就会倾听答案”。再分析段落结构，根据空格后句“Real
listening
also
means…”中的also可知，空格处应为相似句型。D项Real
listening
at
least
means
some
things.意为“真正的倾听者至少意味着一些事情”，与后句句式一致且符合段落主旨，能够承上启下。故选D项。
35．
空格所在段主旨句为“Finally,
good
talkers
know
well
how
to
deal
with
the
occasion
of
parting.”，意为“健谈的人知道如何处理离别的时刻”。空格前句If
you’re
saying
good-bye,
you
may
give
him
a
firm
handshake
and
say,
“I’ve
really
enjoyed
meeting
you.”在模拟离别时的情景。E项If
you
want
to
see
that
person
again,
don’t
keep
it
a
secret.意为“如果你想再见到那个人，就不要保守秘密”，与上句句式一致，符合段落主题，且能够引起下文的Let
people
know
what
you
feel（让人们知道你的想法），故选E项。