北师大版（2019）必修二：Unit 4 Information technology 单元复习 课件（46张ppt）

(共46张PPT)
Unit
4
Information
technology
1．harm
vt.&
n．伤害，损害　harmful
adj.有害的
Do
you
think
the
Internet
helps
or
harms
friendships？(教材P14)
你认为互联网有助于友谊还是有害于友谊？
[合作探究]　体会harm及其派生词的用法和意义
Your
smoking
can
do
harm
to/be
harmful
to
the
health
of
your
children.
你吸烟会危及孩子的健康。
There
is
no
harm
in
apologising
to
him
first.先向他道歉没有什么坏处。
It
is
harmful
to
your
health
to
drink
too
much.过量喝酒对你的身体有害。
[自主发现]
①do
harm
____________...
损害……
②There
is
no
harm
in
____________
sth
做某事是个好主意(或没有坏处)
③be
harmful
____________
对……有害
to
doing
to
[巩固内化]　完成句子
①She
has
got
into
the
bad
habit
of
reading
in
the
bed，______________________________.
她养成了在床上阅读的坏习惯，这对她的眼睛有害。
②Playing
computer
games
will
not
only
________________
your
physical
health，but
it
________________
your
mental
health.So
________________
advising
you
to
give
it
up.
玩电脑游戏不仅对身体健康有害，还对精神健康有害，因此建议你放弃玩电脑游戏是没有害处的。
which
is
harmful
to/does
harm
to
her
eyes
do
harm
to
is
also
harmful
to
there
is
no
harm
in
2．replace
vt.取代；接替；把……放回原处
Firstly，talking
online
is
no
replacement
for
face-to-face
contact—images
really
cannot
replace
a
real-life
smile
or
hug.(教材P15)首先，网上交谈不能取代面对面接触，图像真的无法取代现实生活中的微笑或拥抱。
[合作探究]　体会replace的用法和意义
It
is
generally
believed
that
teachers
will
never
be
replaced
by/with
computers
in
class.人们普遍认为课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。
John
is
ill
and
I
want
to
know
who
is
going
to
take
the
place
of
him/take
his
place.
约翰病了，我想知道谁将代替他。
[自主发现]　
①replace
sth
____________
sth　　用……替换……
②take
the
place
____________
sb＝take
one’s
place
代替；替代
[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①They
replaced
their
beloved
old
car
____________
an
expensive
new
sports
car.
with/by
of
with/by
(2)同义句转换
②No
one
can
replace
her
father
in
her
heart.
→No
one
can
_________________________
in
her
heart.
→No
one
can
_______________________
in
her
heart.
take
the
place
of
her
father
take
her
father’s
place
3．concentrate
vi.专注，专心；集中注意力　concentration
n．集中；专心
According
to
a
parenting
expert,
Denise
Daniels,
communicating
through
a
screen
makes
it
more
difficult
for
children
to
concentrate
or
show
kindness
to
others.(教材P15)
据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯说，通过屏幕交流使孩子更难集中精力或善待他人。
[合作探究]　体会concentrate的用法和意义
Playing
computer
games
can
give
us
some
relaxation
after
school,
but
as
students
we
must
concentrate
on
our
studies.
放学后玩电脑游戏能使我们放松，但是作为学生，我们必须集中精力学习。
He
concentrated
his
mind
on
studying
the
history
of
Loulan.
他专注于研究楼兰的历史。
[自主发现]
①concentrate
____________
(doing)
sth　　专心(做)某事
②concentrate
one’s
mind/attention
____________
集中注意力于；致力于；专心于
on
on
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Many
firms
are
concentrating
____________
increasing
their
markets
overseas.
②The
confusing
matters
make
him
unable
____________
(concentrate)
on
his
study.
③It
was
up
to
him
__________________________
and
make
something
of
himself.
是否能专心学习并取得一定成就要靠他自己。
④When
driving,
a
driver
should
_________________________________.
开车时，司机应专注于路况。
on
to
concentrate
to
concentrate
on
his
studies
concentrate
his
attention
on
the
road
4．content
n．内容；目录；容量；满足
adj.满足的；满意的
vt.使满足
In
addition,
a
lot
of
the
content
posted
on
social
media
is
shallow
or
trivial.(教材P15)另外，在社交媒体上发布的很多内容都是肤浅的和琐碎的。
[合作探究]　体会content的用法和意义
Andy
is
content
with
the
toy.It
is
the
best
he
has
ever
got.
安迪对这个玩具很满意，这是他得到的最好的玩具。
That
rich
man
is
tired
of
city
life，so
he
is
content
to
live
in
the
country.
那位富人厌倦了城市生活，所以他愿意生活在乡下。
We
should
never
content
ourselves
with
book
knowledge
only.
我们永远不要仅仅满足于书本知识。
[自主发现]
①feel/be
content
____________　对……满足/满意
②be
content
____________
sth
满足于做某事
③content
oneself
____________
满足于
[巩固内化]　单句语法填空
①The
Smiths
are
content
____________
(live)a
simple
life.
②She
contented
____________
(her)
with
what
she
had
achieved.
③My
friend
is
quite
content
____________
his
new
job.
④The
____________
(content)
of
his
suitcase
are
doubtful.
with
to
do
with
to
live
herself
with
contents
1．be
concerned
with
关心……
For
example，instead
of
having
proper
conversations
with
their
friends，some
people
are
only
concerned
with
their
online
popularity—How
many
“likes”
did
I
get？(教材P15)例如，一些人不再和朋友进行有效地交谈，他们只关心自己网上的人气——我得了多少个“赞”？
[短语记牢]　记牢下列短语
as/so
far
as
sb/sth
be
concerned在某人看来，就某人/某事而言
be
concerned
about/for
对……担心/担忧/焦虑/关心/挂念
concern
oneself
with/about
sth
关心某事，担心某事
①As
far
as
I’m
concerned，it’s
necessary
to
figure
out
the
cost
first.
在我看来，先计算出成本是有必要的。
②We
should
be
concerned
about
their
health—both
physical
and
mental
health.
我们应该关心他们的健康——身体健康和心理健康。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The
meeting
was
concerned
____________
reforms
and
everyone
present
was
concerned
____________
their
own
interests.
②Generally
speaking，grammar
is
____________
(concern)
with
the
relations
between
words
in
sentences.
③_________________________，it’s
important
for
us
to
protect
wild
animals.
在我看来，我们保护野生动物是重要的。
with
about/for
concerned
As
far
as
I’m
concerned
2．in
addition除此之外
In
addition,
a
lot
of
the
content
posted
on
social
media
is
shallow
or
trivial.(教材P15)另外，在社交媒体上发布的很多内容都是肤浅的和琐碎的。
[短语记牢]　记牢下列短语
in
addition
to　除……之外
add
up
把……加起来
add
sth
to
sth
把……加到/进……里
add
up
to
加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态)
add
to
增加；增添
add
that...
补充说……
①These
stoves
are
of
high
quality.In
addition,
the
price
is
low.
这些炉子质量上乘。另外，价格低廉。
②Please
add
some
sugar
to
the
milk
to
make
it
more
delicious.
请在牛奶里加些糖使牛奶更美味。
③The
engine
of
the
ship
was
out
of
order
and
the
bad
weather
added
to
the
helplessness
of
the
crew.
船的马达失灵了，而且恶劣的天气增加了全体船员的无助感。
④He
added
that
he
felt
very
sorry
for
not
being
able
to
come.
他补充说，他为自己不能来表示歉意。
[巩固内化]　(1)选词填空：in
addition/in
addition
to
①____________
the
school，the
village
has
a
clinic,
which
was
also
built
with
government
support.
②It’s
too
late
to
go
to
the
basketball
match
now.____________，it’s
going
to
rain.
③Aunt
Mary
gave
us
sandwiches
for
our
picnic
and
a
bag
of
cookies
____________．
(2)完成句子
④His
whole
school
education
____________
no
more
than
one
year.
他所受的全部学校教育加起来不过一年。
⑤The
heavy
rain
____________
the
difficulty
in
rescuing
the
buried
people.
大雨增加了营救被掩埋群众的困难。
In
addition
to
In
addition
in
addition
added
up
to
added
to
3．focus
on关注
In
my
opinion，friends
should
focus
more
on
face-to-face
communication，and
less
on
online
communication.(教材P15)
在我看来，朋友们应该更多地关注面对面的交流，少关注在线交流。
[短语记牢]　记牢下列短语
focus
one’s
attention/eyes/energy
on集中注意力/目光/精力于……
the
focus
of
attention
关注的焦点
in
focus
焦点对准的；清晰的
out
of
focus
焦点没对准的；不清晰的
①It
took
her
a
lot
of
time
to
focus
on
preparing
her
classes
and
correcting
her
students’
homework.
集中精力备课和批改学生的作业花费了她很多时间。
②You’d
better
focus
your
attention
on
your
studies.
你最好把你的注意力放在功课上。
③She
always
wants
to
be
the
focus
of
attention.
她总是想成为关注的焦点。
④The
children’s
faces
are
badly
out
of
focus
in
the
photograph.
照片上孩子们的脸模糊不清。
[思考]　表示“集中精力于；专心于”的常用短语还有哪些？
①________________　　　　　　②________________
③________________
④________________________
[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①Although
the
storybook
is
quite
interesting,
I
have
to
put
it
aside
and
focus
my
attention
____________
my
homework
this
week.
②The
scientist
knows
nothing
about
the
matter，because
he
is
always
losing
himself
____________
scientific
study.
be
absorbed
in
pay
attention
to
devote
oneself
to
be
lost
in/lose
oneself
in
on
in
(2)一句多译
③由于他在隔壁唱歌，我不能集中注意力看书。
I
can’t
____________________
the
book
with
him
singing
next
door.(focus)
＝I
can’t
________________
the
book
with
him
singing
next
door.(absorb)
＝I
can’t
____________________________
the
book
with
him
singing
next
door.
(concentrate)
focus
my
attention
on
be
absorbed
in
concentrate
(my
attention)
on
1．According
to
a
parenting
expert,
Denise
Daniels,
communicating
through
a
screen
makes
it
more
difficult
for
children
to
concentrate
or
show
kindness
to
others.(教材P15)
据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯说，通过屏幕交流让孩子更难集中精力或善待他人。
[句式解读]　句中makes
it
more
difficult
for
children
to
concentrate
or
show为make复合结构。其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。
[用法总结]
(1)make＋it＋形容词/名词＋that从句
①Susan
made
it
clear
to
me
that
she
wished
to
make
a
new
life
for
herself.
苏珊清楚地跟我表明她希望为自己创造新的生活。
(2)make＋it＋形容词/名词＋to
do不定式
②The
heavy
rain
made
it
impossible
for
us
to
go
out.
大雨使得我们无法出去。
(3)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think，consider，find，feel等。
③He
considered
it
important
for
him
to
learn
spoken
English
well.
他认为学好英语口语对他来说是重要的。
④I
find
it
no
use
arguing
with
Bill
because
he
never
changes
his
mind.
我发现与比尔争辩没有用，因为他不会改变主意。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①He
didn’t
make
____________
clear
when
and
where
the
sports
meeting
would
be
held.
②People
in
the
west
make
it
a
rule
____________
(buy)
Christmas
presents
for
their
relatives
and
friends.
③I
think
it
is
a
good
habit
to
get
up
early
in
the
morning.
→I
think
________________
to
get
up
early
in
the
morning.
④We
find
that
it
is
easy
to
get
along
with
him.
→We
find
____________________________．
it
to
buy
it
a
good
habit
it
easy
to
get
along
with
him
2．It
is
these
skills
that
enable
us
to
develop
lifelong
friendships.(教材P15)
正是这些技能才使我们能保持终生的友谊。
[句式解读]　句中“It
is...that”为强调句型。其基本结构为“It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分”，本句中被强调部分为these
skills。
[用法总结]　
(1)强调句型的基本结构：It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。
①But
rules
alone
don’t
secure
an
orderly
society.It
is
the
people
who
obey
the
rules
that
(who)
matter.
但是制度本身不能保证一个有序的社会，遵守规则的人才是重要的。
(2)一般疑问句的强调句型：Is/Was
it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
②Was
it
three
years
ago
that
he
went
to
America
for
further
study?
他是三年前去美国深造的吗？
(3)特殊疑问句的强调句型：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？
③When
was
it
that
you
got
promoted？你是什么时候升职的？
(4)not...until...结构的强调句型：It
is/was
not
until...that...
④It
was
not
until
near
the
end
of
the
letter
that
she
mentioned
her
own
plan.
直到将近信的结尾她才提及了自己的计划。
[名师提醒]
(1)在强调句型中It本身没有实际意义，但不能被其他词代替；被强调部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等；被强调部分指人时，可用that/who，其他情况一律用that。
(2)判断是否是强调句型的方法：把It
is/was和that去掉，看句子的结构及语意是否完整，若完整，则为强调句型；若不完整，则不是。
[巩固内化]　(1)单句语法填空
①It
was
only
when
the
car
pulled
up
in
front
of
our
house
____________
we
saw
Lily
in
the
passenger
seat.
②____________
was
at
5
o’clock
that
the
visitors
finally
arrived
at
Pudong
International
Airport.
③—Were
all
the
three
people
in
the
car
injured
in
the
accident?
—No，it
was
only
two
passengers
____________
got
hurt.
that
It
that/who
(2)一句多译
④直到作为交流生去了美国他才意识到学好英语的重要性。
He
______________________________________________________he
went
to
America
as
an
exchange
student.
＝___________________________________________________________
he
realized
the
importance
of
learning
English
well.(强调句型)
＝_______________________________________________________
the
importance
of
learning
English
well.(倒装句)
didn’t
realize
the
importance
of
learning
English
well
until
It
was
not
until
he
went
to
Amrica
as
an
exchange
student
that
Not
until
he
went
to
America
as
an
exchange
student
did
he
realize
复合词
一、复合词的书写形式
1．一般情况下在词与词之间要加连字符号，如：good-looking
好看的，
sea-sick晕船的，world-famous闻名世界的，seven-year-old七岁的，
three-hour三小时的，等等。
2．有些复合词已经完全融为一体，不用加连字符号，如：textbook教科书，
schoolmate校友，
spokesman发言人，
salesgirl女售货员，
notebook笔记本，
greenhouse温室，
breakthrough突破，
download下载，policewoman女警察，等等。
3．还有一些情况直接用词组的形式，如：air
conditioner空调机，clothes
shop服装店，alarm
clock闹钟，girl
student女学生，等等。
二、复合形容词的构成方法
1．名词＋形容词，如：oil-rich含油量多的，
duty-free免税的，care-free无忧无虑的，
homesick想家的，等等。
2．形容词＋形容词，如：bitter-sweet又苦又甜的，
light-green浅绿色的，
dark-brown深棕色的，
freezing-cold寒冷的，
burning-hot炎热的，等等。
3．名词＋现在分词，如：trouble-making制造麻烦的，law-breaking犯法的，
painstaking费力的，
time-consuming耗时的，
peace-loving热爱和平的，
labor-saving省力的，record-breaking破纪录的，等等。
4．名词＋过去分词，如：man-made人造的，
poverty-stricken贫困的，
heart－broken伤心的，
snow-covered被雪覆盖的，
task-based任务型的，
等等。
5．形容词＋现在分词，如：
good-looking好看的，
easy-going随和的，nice-sounding好听的，等等。
6．形容词＋过去分词，这里的过去分词大多是名词加-ed构成的假分词，如：new-born刚出生的，
simple-minded头脑简单的，
kind-hearted心地善良的，black-eyed黑眼睛的，
warm-hearted热心肠的，等等。
7．数词＋名词(＋形容词)，如：four-hour四小时的，100-metre一百米的，
four-day为期四天的，
five-year-old五岁的，等等。
8．副词＋现在分词，如：ever-lasting持续的，
far-reaching深远的，oncoming迎面而来的，outgoing外向的，等等。
9．副词＋过去分词，如：well-known著名的，
newly-built新建的，
over-loaded超载的，outspoken直言不讳的，等等。
10．由其他词类或结构转化而来，
如：once-a-week每周一次的，all-round全方位的，
round-the-clock二十四小时的，
full-time全职的，second-hand二手的，follow-up后继的，underpaid报酬过低的，underweight重量过轻的，heart-to-heart交心的，out-of-work失业的，等等。
三、复合名词的构成方法
1．加连字符，如：baby-sitter看孩子的人，letter-box信箱，first-aid急救，X-ray
X射线，father-in-law岳父，cross-talk相声，等等。
2．不加连字符，如：haircut理发，repairman修理工，outbreak爆发，outcome结果，outlook前景，rainbow彩虹，等等。
3．以词组形式出现，如：bank
account银行账户，birth
control节制生育，blood
pressure血压，book
case书柜，bus
stop公共汽车站，
credit
card信用卡，generation
gap代沟，greenhouse
effect温室效应，heart
attack心脏病发作，pen
friend笔友，pocket
money零用钱，post
office邮局，sign
language手语，natural
resources自然资源，mother
tongue母语，
等等。
四、复合动词
1．副词＋动词，如：off-load卸车，outgrow长得太大不适宜，overhear无意中听到，oversleep睡过头，overlook忽略，update更新，download下载，等等。
2．其他形式：broadcast广播，withdraw撤退，skateboard用滑板滑行，等等。
五、复合副词和介词
1．复合副词：afterwards后来，
alongside与……并肩，outside外面，indoors室内，nowadays如今，meanwhile同时，
maybe可能，nevertheless仍然(还)，sideways向一侧地，等等。
2．复合介词：within在……之内，without没有，onto到……上，into进入，upon在……之上，
behind在……之后，等等。
六、构成复合词时要注意以下几点
1．由数词＋名词(＋形容词)构成形容词时，名词不用复数，如：a
nine-year-old
boy
一个九岁的男孩，a
four-day
trip
一次四天的旅行，the
100-metre
dash
百米赛跑，
an
800-metre-long
bridge一座八百米长的桥，
等等。
2．由形容词＋名词－ed构成的形容词，该名词必须是中心词的一部分，否则不加－ed,
如：
a
white-haired
woman
一个白头发的妇女，
a
warm-hearted
girl一个热心肠的女孩，a
near-sighted
boy
一个眼睛近视的男孩，two
middle-aged
men
两个中年男人，等等。
3．由形容词＋分词构成的合成形容词，要注意中心词与分词的主动或被动关系，例如：an
ordinary-looking
man
一个相貌平常的男人，an
easy-going
man
一个随和的人，fresh-baked
bread
刚烤的面包，ready-made
goods
现成的货物，等等。
4．由副词＋分词构成的合成形容词，副词是修饰分词的状语，用现在分词还是过去分词是由它与中心词的主动或被动关系而定，如：hard-working
people
勤劳的人们，bravely-fighting
soldiers
勇敢战斗的战士，a
well-known
singer
一个有名的歌唱家，the
newly-married
couple那对新婚夫妇，等等。
在英语中把两个(或更多)独立的单词合在一起构成一个新词，其意义为原来单词意义的叠加，如blackboard“黑板”
就是由black“黑色的”和board“板子”合在一起构成的新词。用这种方式构成的单词叫复合词(compound
words)。
[名师提醒]
现在分词与所修饰的名词是逻辑上的主动关系，例如：an
ordinary－looking
man＝a
man
who
looks
ordinary。
而过去分词和所修饰的名词是被动关系，形容词相当于补语，例如：clean－washed
clothes＝clothes
which
are
washed
clean。
请比较：
these
hard－working
people＝these
people
who
are
working
hard
the
just－washed－down
house＝the
house
which
has
just
been
washed
down
请比较：
peace－loving
people
＝people
who
love
peace
a
man－made
satellite
＝a
satellite
which
is
made
by
man
[巩固内化1]
用复合词完成句子
①_________________________
made
her
popular.
她个性随和，大家都很喜欢她。
②She
burst
into
tears
at
____________________________．
听到这令人心碎的消息，她嚎啕大哭起来。
③He
returned
home
__________________.
他两手空空回了家。
Her
easy-going
nature
the
heartbreaking
news
empty-handed
④She
was
not
going
to
give
up
her
___________________so
easily.
她不会这么轻易地放弃来之不易的自由。
⑤I’m
only
____________________________．
现在我只是兼职。
⑥This
matter
has
attracted
_______________________．
这件事已经引起了全世界的关注。
⑦We
managed
to
___________________________.
我们设法克服了所有的困难。
hard-won
freedom
part-time
at
the
moment
worldwide
attention
overcome
all
the
difficulties
[巩固内化2]
翻译下列短语
1．an
English－speaking
country____________________
2．a
family
get－together____________
3．hard－working
students____________
4．hand－made
goods____________
5．a
well－known
university__________________
6．a
second－hand
camera
____________
7．out－of－town
stores____________
8．after－class
activities____________
一个讲英语的国家
家庭聚会
刻苦读书的学生
手工制品
一所著名的大学
二手相机
郊区商店
课外活动