2020届高考英语一轮复习并列句和复合句课件(138张ppt)

(共138张PPT)
并列句和复合句
Lorem
ipsum
dolor
sit
amet,
consectetuer
adipiscing
elit.Aenean
commodo
ligula
eget
dolor.
Aenean
massa.
natoque
penatibus
et
magnis
dis
parturient
montes,
Donec
quam
felis,
目录
CONTENT
并列句
复合句
1
2
3
4
5
宾语从句
定语从句
状语从句
简单句
说明：由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子。
eg：1.
She
goes
to
work
every
day.
2.
Tom
and
I
found
her
there.
3.
We
all
breathe,
eat
and
work.
1.Let?me?give?you?a?hand.
2.The
apples
tastes
sweet.
3.The
sun
rises
in
the
east.
4.We
tried
to
make
her
happy.
5.He
found
a
bird
in
the
tree.
主+谓+间宾+直宾
主+系+表
主+谓
主+谓+宾+宾补
主+谓+宾
句子的分类（按结构）
1.
简单句
（Simple
Sentences）
2.
并列句
（Compound
Sentences）
按结构可分为：
3.
复合句
（Complex
Sentences）
并列句
并
列
句
01
Compound
Sentences
并列句
常用的并列连词有：
1.
表示联合：and(同,
和),
not
only...but
(also)...(不仅…而且…)
,
neither...nor...(既不…也不…)
由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。
并列句=简单句+并列连词+简单句
2.
表示转折：but(但是,
可是,
只是因为),
yet(可是),
...but...(不是…而是…)，while(而，却)
3.
表示选择：or(或者,
否则),
otherwise(否则),
either...or(不是……就是)
4.
表示因果：for(因为)和so(所以,
因此)
5.
表示时间：when(就在这时)
Exercise
1.John
plays
basketball
well,
___
his
favorite
sport
is
badminton.
A.
so
B.
or
C.
yet
D.
for
2.Work
hard,
_____
you
will
pass
the
during
test.
A.and
B.
for
C.
but
D.
or
3.We
get
knowledge
____from
books
_____from
life.
—Yes,
both
are
important.
A.
either.....or
B.
neither.....nor
C.
not
only.....but
also
4.Start
out
right
away,
___
you’ll
miss
the
first
train.
A.
and
B.
but
C.
or
D.
while
5.Man
cannot
smile
like
a
child,
___
a
child
smiles
with
his
eyes,
while
a
man
smiles
with
his
lips
alone.
A.so
B.
but
C.
and
D.
for
并列句
复
合
句
02
Complex
Sentences
复合句
由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成
复合句=主句+（≥1）从句
复合句种类
名词性从句
宾语从句（Object
Clause）
表语从句（Predicative
Clause）
主语从句（Subject
Clause）
同位语从句（Appositive
Clause）
形容词性从句
定语从句
副词性从句
状语从句
名词性从句
she
is
my
sister.
that
句子
连词
从句
是个大单词
1.
I
say
sorry
主
谓
宾
2.I
say
that
she
is
my
sister.
宾语从句
3.
The
fact
is
true
主
系
表
4.That
she
is
my
sister
主语从句
is
true.
5.The
fact
is
that
she
is
my
sister.
表语从句
6.My
teacher,Mary
is
beautiful.
主语
系
表
同位语
7.The
news
that
she
is
my
sister
is
true.
主语
同位语从句
名词性从句
1.I
say
宾语从句
that
she
is
my
sister.
2.That
she
is
my
sister
is
true.
3.The
fact
is
that
she
is
my
sister.
4.The
news
that
she
is
my
sister
is
true.
表语从句
主语从句
同位语从句
动后宾从
系后表从
动前主从
名后同位从
5.The
news
that
she
told
me
is
true.
定语从句
名后定从
区别：名后同位从，所表是内容；
名后定从，不表内容
解释内容
修饰名词
4.The
idea
that
we
should
get
up
early
is
acceptable.
划分从句
从连词开始，到句子中第二个谓语动词结束
1.I
know
that
he
has
won.
2.That
he
passed
the
exam
was
unbelievable.
3.The
truth
is
that
he
stolen
my
phone.
动后宾从
宾语从句
动前主从
主语从句
系后表从
表语从句
名后同位从
同位语从句
连词......
......
①
②
1.The
fact
is
that
he
has
not
been
seen
recently.
2.The
fact
that
he
has
not
been
seen
recently
disturbs
everyone
in
his
office.
3.He
will
talk
to
us
about
what
he
saw
in
U.S.
4.It
is
impossible
that
I
go
and
attend
the
meeting.
表语从句
同位语从句
宾语从句
主语从句
辨别从句
名词性从句的引导词
连接词
：that、if、whether
不作成分
无意义
2.
连接代词
：who、
whom
、whose、
what、
which
3.
连接副词：
when、
where、why、how
“是否”
作状语
作主/宾/表
Exercise
1.____
was
most
important
to
her
was
her
family.
A.
it
B.
this
C.
What
D.
as
2.
At
first
he
hated
the
new
job
but
decided
to
give
himself
a
few
months
to
see
_____it
got
any
better.
A.When
B.
how
C.
why
D.
if
3.
See
the
flags
on
top
of
the
building?
That
was
_____
we
did
this
morning.
A.
When
B.
which
C.
where
D.
what
4.
Is
there
any
possibility
_____
you
could
pick
me
up
at
the
airport?
---No
problem.
A.
When
B.
that
C.
whether
D.
what
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
表语从句
并列句
①
主语从句
Subject
Clauses
1.A
tree
has
fallen
across
the
road.
2.You
are
a
student.
3.To
live
is
to
learn,
to
learn
is
to
better
live
.
4.Smoking
is
bad
for
you.
5.It
is
certain
whether
we
will
succeed.
6.That
she
is
able
to
come
makes
us
happy.
名词
代词
不定式
动名词
形式主语
主语从句
各式各样的主语
定义
在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句叫主语从句。
e.g.
What
he
did
in
the
earthquake
moved
everybody.
主语从句
谓
宾
That
China
will
become
more
powerful
is
certain.
主语从句
系
表
主语从句
that
whether
who
whom
whose
what
which
when
where
why
how
从
句
引导词:
1.
That
he
knows
Japanese
is
known
to
all.
3.
When
he
will
come
is
unknown
.
4.
Whether
he
is
coming
doesn’t
matter
much.
5.
It
remains
a
secret
how
they
climbed
up
the
mountain.
主语太长了!放到句尾
That无词义,不可省略
What
“什么”,
“所….的”
2.
What
surprised
me
was
to
see
him
here
.
When
“什么时候”
主语从句不用
if
位于句首
主语从句的位置
1.在句首
2.主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用
It
引导主语从句三大连接词
1.从属连词：that
,
whether
that
无词义,
位于句首，但不能省略
whether
“是否”，可放在句首或句中，但不可省略
e.g.
she
got
the
first
prize
made
her
parents
very
happy.
she
will
come
or
not
is
still
a
question.
无义
是否
That
Whether
不作成分
Exercise
1.
____
we’ll
go
camping
tomorrow
depends
on
the
weather.
A.
If
B.
Whether
C.
That
D.
Where
2.___
he
has
become
a
rich
man
is
known
to
all
in
our
town.
A.
Because
B.
That
C.
/
D.
What
3._____we
go
swimming
every
day____us
a
lot
of
good.
A.If;do
B.That;do
C.If;does
D.That,does
4.It's
uncertain
________
the
experiment
is
worth
doing.
A.if
B.that
C.whether
D.how
5.________
the
boy
didn't
take
medicine
made
his
mother
angry.
A.That
B.What
C.How
D.Which
连接代词
连接代词
中文
在从句中的成分
who
/
whom
__
whoever
______
what
__________
whatever
_______
which
______
whichever
________
whose
____
不可省略
谁
不论谁
什么\什么事
无论什么
哪一个
无论哪一个
谁的
主语
宾语
表语
定语
①Whatever
you
do
should
do
no
harm
to
others.
无论你做什么都不应该伤害别人。
②Who
will
take
his
place
is
not
important.
谁将代替他并不重要。
③Whose
car
runs
faster
should
be
tested.
那些开的很快的小轿车应该被检查。
连接代词
Exercise
1.___
leaves
the
room
last
ought
to
turn
off
the
light.
A.
Anyone
B.
The
person
C.
Whoever
D.
Which
2._____
we
can't
get
seems
better
than
_____
we
have.
A.What,what
B.What,that
C.That,that
D.That,what
3.________is
going
to
do
the
job
will
be
decided
by
the
Party
committee.
A.That
B.Why
C.How
D.Who
4.______team
will
win
the
match
is
a
matter
of
public
concern.
A．Which
B．That
C．If
D．How
连接副词
中文意思
在从句中的成分
when
where
why
how
什么时候
在哪里
为什么
怎么样，如何
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
方式状语
连接副词
不可省略
e.g.
_______________
remains
a
mystery.
他为什么做那件事依然是个谜。
主语从句中应注意的问题
1、从句的语序要用陈述句的语序
Why
he
did
it
2、
从句做主语时，主句谓语动词的单复数
①单个主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数
e.g.
When
we
shall
have
our
sports
meeting
_____not
been
decided
yet.
②由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词也用单数
e.g.
When
and
where
we
shall
have
our
sports
meeting
______not
been
decided
yet.
has
has
③如果and
连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用复数
e.g.
When
they
will
start
and
where
they
will
go
______not
been
decided
yet.
主语从句中应注意的问题
have
3、whether
引导的主语从句,如果用了形式主语it
,引导词whether
可以换成if
,
如果whether
从句在句首或后面有or
not
时,不能换成if.
Whether
they
will
sell
the
house
is
not
decided
yet.
It
is
not
decided
yet
whether
they
will
sell
the
house.
不可用if替换
可用if替换
注意
what
和who
引导主语从句时，主句谓语
的数应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。
What
I
need
______
money.
What
I
need
______
books.
is
are
Who
you
will
go
with
______
Lucy.
Who
you
will
go
with
______
the
twins.
is
are
形式主语常用句型
It
+be
+名词+that从句
It's
a
pity
that......很遗憾.....
It's
a
fact
that......事实是.....
It
+be
+过去分词+that从句
It's
said
that......据说.....
It's
known
that......众所周知.....
It
+be
+形容词+that从句
It's
obvious
that......显然.....
It's
important
that......重要的是.....
小结
1.
主语从句的构成:
引导词+简单句
2.
引导词:
连词that,
whether
连接代词who(ever),
what(ever),
which(ever)，whom(ever)
连接副词when,
where,
how
,why
3.
4个注意点:
①陈述句语序
②主语从句作主语，谓语动词用单数
③that在主语从句中不能省略
④句首只能用whether。若it做主语，则后面if也可使用
Exercise
1.It
is
obvious
to
the
students
______
they
should
get
well
prepared
for
their
future.
A.
as
B.
which
C.
whether
D.
that
2.________she
couldn’t
understand
was
______
fewer
and
fewer
students
showed
interest
in
her
lessons.?
?
A.
that;
what?
B.
what;
why??
C.
what;
because?
D.
why;
that
3.It’s
generally
considered
unwise
to
give
a
child____he
or
she
wants.
A.
however
B.whatever
C.
whichever
D.wherever
Exercise
4.________
they
wanted
was
to
visit
the
employees,
not
the
head
of
the
company.
A.
which
B.
Whom
C.
What
D.
Why
5.________
is
known
to
us
all
that
America
is
a
developed
country.
A.
Which
B.
As
C.
What
D.
It
6.________
he
made
an
important
speech
at
the
meeting
was
true.
A.
That
B.
Why
C.
What
D.
How
7.________
he
saw
both
surprised
and
frightened
him.
A.
That
B.
When
C.
What
D.
Which
并列句
②
表语从句
Predicative
Clauses
表语从句的构成
主语
+
系动词
+
引导词
+
简单句
This
is
why
he
did
it.
表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。
What
I
want
to
say
is
that
I
am
tired
连接词
that
/
whether
/as
if
/as
though
(if不引导表语从句)
who
/
whom
/
whose
/
which
/
what
②连接代词
③连接副词
when
/
where
/
why
/
how
/
because
①从属连词
①从属连词
1)
that
在从句中不担任句子成分，无实际意义，一般不能省略
2)在表“建议，劝说，命令”的名词idea,
suggestion,
request,
proposal
建议等后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should
+
动词原形”，should可省略
My
opinion
is
that
it’s
getting
better
and
better.
My
suggesstion
is
that
we
(should)
start
early
tomorrow.
3）whether在表语从句中表是否,但不充当句子的成分。
if不能引导表语从句.
What
I
really
doubts
is
whether
It
will
be
rainy
tomorrow.
The
question
is
whether
it
is
worth
doing.
①从属连词
As
/as
if、as
though
1)形势并不像外表所看到的那样。
2)她看上去很担忧他父母的病情。
3)他好像疯了似的。
The
situation
is
not
as
it
seems
to
be.
She
looks
as
if
she
is
worried
about
her
father’s
disease.
It
was
as
though
he
were
mad.
because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It
is
because…”结构中。
My
anger
is
because
you
haven’t
written
to
me
for
a
long
time.
because
①从属连词
主语为reason
时，表语从句连接词用that,
但以it,
this,
that
开头做主语的句子，则可用because。
1)The
reason
for
his
being
late
was
that
he
missed
the
early
bus.
2)She
was
late
this
morning.
That
was
because
she
missed
the
early
bus.
The
reason
____
he
was
late
was
that
he
missed
the
early
bus.
why
区分
—Why
didn't
you
go
to
see
the
film
yesterday?
—The
reason
was
________
I
was
ill.
A.
because
B.
that
C.
why
D.
for
②连接代词
who,
whom,
whose,
what,
which,
whoever,
whatever,
whichever
The
problem
is
who
we
can
get
to
replace
her.
The
question
is
how
he
did
it.?
③连接副词
where,
when,
how,
why
That’s
where
I
can’t
agree
with
you.
This
is
why
Sara
was
late
for
the
meeting.
表语从句中，从句用陈述句语序
小结
1.
表语从句的构成:
引导词+简单句
2.
引导词:
连词that,
whether,
as
,as
if
连接代词who,
what,
which
连接副词when,
where,
how
,why
3.
3个注意点:
①if
不引导表语从句
②主语为reason时，引导词用that
③陈述语序
Exercise
1.---Are
you
still
thinking
about
yesterday's
game?
---Oh,
that's_______
.
　A.
what
makes
me
feel
excited
B.
whatever
I
feel
excited
about
　C.
how
I
feel
about
it
D.
when
I
feel
excited
2.---I
drove
to
Zhuhai
for
the
air
show
last
week.
---Is
that_______
you
had
a
few
days
off?
A.why
B.when
C.what
D.where
3.The
question
is
________
we
will
have
our
sports
meet
next
week.
A.that
B.
if
C.
when
D.
whether
4.The
reason
is_________I
missed
the
bus.
A.
that
B.
when
C.
why
D.
what
5.Welcome
to
Disneyland
!
This
is
________
you
can
have
fun.
A.
what
B.
how
C.
where
D.
that
并列句
③
同位语从句
Appositive
Clause
同位语从句
1.概念:
在复合句中作___________的同位语的名词性从句。
2.功能:
同位语从句对该抽象名词进行解释，说明名词的具体内容
3.用法:
常跟同位语从句的抽象名词有:
4.连词:
that/whether/who/
which
what/when/where/why/how
fact_____/
idea_____
/reason
_____
/thought_____
/doubt_____/news_____/hope______/belief_______
/message______/decision
______
/
warning_____
/information______
order_______
/
promise______
/
possibility_______
/evidence_____
……
事实
想法
理由
想法
疑惑
消息
希望
信念
消息
决定
警告
信息
命令
诺言
可能性
证据
抽象名词
连接词that引导的同位语从句
that在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用.
①He
told
me
the
news
that
he
would
come
home
from
abroad
soon.
②There
is
no
doubt
that
the
prices
of
cars
will
go
down.
如果从句句子意思完整且是确定的事情应该用that来引导.
连接词whether引导的同位语从句
只用whether引导,不用if.
如果从句意思不完整且表示不确定的事情(含“是否”之意)，
应该用whether来引导.
He
must
answer
the
question
whether
he
agrees
to
it
or
not.
连接词代词what/which/
who引导的同位语从句
1.The
question
_____
should
go
abroad
hasn’t
been
decided
yet.
2.
I
have
no
idea
______
one
Ishould
choose.
which
who
定语
主语
在从句中充当成分
连接词副词when/where/why/
who引导同位
语从句并分别充当时间/地点/原因/方式状语.
1.I’ve
got
a
good
idea
_____
they
left
early.
2.The
question
_______
we
should
go
has
not
been
decided.
why
where
注意事项
①同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所要说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开，这种从句叫分隔式同位语从句
Word
came
that
their
team
had
won.
②当doubt
作名词用于肯定句中，
其后的同位语从句引导词用whether;
如果是否定句/疑问句，则用that.
There
is
some
doubt
________their
football
team
will
win
the
match.
There
is
no/little
doubt
______they
will
agree
with
you
on
this
matter.
whether
that
反身代词作同位语
反身代词常作主语或宾语的同位语，起强调作用，表示“自己”、“亲自”的意思。
①作主语的同位语
反身代词作主语的同位语时，可以放在主语之后，也可以放在句子的末尾。
I
myself
can
do
it．＝I
can
do
it
myself．
②作宾语的同位语
宾语的同位语时，反身代词只能放在宾语之后。如：
I
want
to
see
the
scientist
himself．我想见见那位科学家本人。
1.The
film______
is
very
fun.
A.It's
B.itself
C.its
D.
It
2.You'd
better
ask
your
teacher
______.
A.Itself
B.heself
C.himself
D.his
Exercise
1.News
came
from
the
school
office
________Wang
Lin
had
been
admitted
to
Beijing
University.
A.
which
B.
what
C.
that
D.
where
2.It
makes
no
difference
___
you
will
go
today
or
tomorrow.
A.
if
B.
whether
C.
that
D.
what
3.
He
made
a
suggestion
that
we___
money
to
the
people
in
the
south.
A.
give
B.
gave
C.
would
give
D.
could
give
4.There
is
no
doubt
______
a
cure
for
AIDS
will
be
found.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
whether
6.
One
of
the
men
held
the
view
___
the
book
said
was
right.
A.
that
B.
what
that
C.
that
what
D.
whether
同位语从句和定语从句的区别
1.
定语从句中that，代词，可在从句中作主、宾、表
同位语从句中that,
连词，无成分无意义
The
news
that
our
team
has
won
the
game
was
true.
The
news
that
he
told
me
yesterday
was
true.
2.定义：定语从句---对先行词加以修饰限定，
与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系。
同位语从句---对名词即先行词加以补充说明，
是名词全部内容的体现。
判断
1.
The
news
that
he
will
leave
for
Shanghai
is
true.
2.
The
news
that
we
got
last
week
is
true.
3.
I
made
a
promise
that
if
anyone
set
me
free
I
would
make
him
very
rich.
4.
The
mother
made
a
promise
that
pleased
all
her
children.
(定语从句)
(同位语从句)
(同位语从句)
(定语从句)
Exercise
1.
The
fact
has
worried
many
scientists
______
the
earth
is
becoming
warmer
and
warmer
these
years.
A.
what
B.
which
C.
that
D.
though
2.
The
suggestion
______he
raised
at
the
meeting
is
very
good.
A.
which
B.
why
C.
what
D.
/
3.
The
suggestion
____
the
students
(should)
have
plenty
of
exercise
is
very
good.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
/
4.The
news
____
he
told
us
yesterday
is
not
true,
but
the
news
____
our
team
has
won
the
match
is
true.
A.
/;
that
B.
that;
/
C.
that;
which
D.
that;
who
1.同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该名词的具体内容。
同位语从句常跟在名词idea,
fact,
news,hope,
thought,suggestion等抽象名词之后
2.连接词that不能省略,无意义无成分；
3.用whether而不用if引导同位语从句
4.连接代词who,
which,
what在从句中作主语、宾语、
表语或定语;
连接副词where,
when,
why,
how在从句作状语。
小结
Exercise
1.
I
can't
stand
the
terrible
noise
________
she
is
crying
loudly.
A.
it
B.
which
C.
this
D.
that
2.He
often
asked
me
the
question
____
the
work
was
worth
doing.
A.
whether
B.
where
C.
that
D.
when
3.
I
have
no
idea
________
he
will
start.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
what
D.
/
4.I've
come
from
the
government
with
a
message
________
the
meeting
won't
be
held
tomorrow.
A.
if
B.
that
C.
whether
D.
which
并列句
宾语从句
03
Object
Clause
什么
是宾语从句？
We
know
him．
We
know
who
he
is.
主s
主s
谓v
谓v
宾o
宾o
用一个句子作宾语，这个句子就叫宾语从句
连词
从主s
从谓v
简单句
复合句
宾
语
从
句
主
句
宾语从句的四个位置
①V+
宾语从句
②介+
eg.I
say
that
I
am
sorry.
动后宾从
宾语从句
eg.I
think
about
what
you
mean.
介后宾从
③tell
ask
sb+
宾语从句
eg.I
tell
him
that
I
like
English.
宾后宾从
④be+adj+
宾语从句
eg.I
am
sorry
that
I
am
late.
形后宾从
regret
宾语从句
动后宾从
宾语从句(Ⅰ)
时态法则
①I
say
“he
is
sad”
.
直接引语
I
say
that
he
is
sad.
间接引语
主现从任意
②I
said
“he
is
sad”
.
直接引语
I
said
(that)
he
was
sad.
间接引语
主过从必过
③I
told
him
“the
sun
rises
in
the
east”
.
直接引语
I
told
him
(that)
the
sun
rises
in
the
east.
间接引语
真理永不变
is
is
played
can
play
played
was
doing
could
do
had
done
was
was
played
could
play
had
played
was
doing
could
do
had
done
Exercise
1.The
woman
asked
the
policeman
where
______.
A
.the
post
office
is
B.
the
post
office
did
C.the
post
office
does
D.
the
post
office
was
2.Do
you
know
where
________
now?
A.
he
lives
B.
he
had
lived
C.
he
lived
D.
he
has
lived
3.His
parents
wanted
to
know
what
he
______at
that
time.
A.
is
doing
B.
was
doing
C.
has
done
D.
will
do
4.She
told
me
the
earth
________
around
the
sun.
A.
move
B.
moved
C.
moves
D
.
had
moved
5.Could
you
tell
me
where
you_______tomorrow?
A.
went
B.will
go
C.would
go
D
.
go
宾语从句(Ⅱ)
语序
改成一般疑问句
I
can
swim.
Can
you
swim?
She
is
a
nurse.
Is
she
a
nurse?
He
plays
football.
Does
he
play
football?
They
like
it.
Do
they
like
it?
He
went
to
the
park.
Did
he
go
to
the
park?
1
2
3
4
5
He
has
eaten
an
apple.
Has
he
eaten
an
apple?
6
宾语从句(Ⅱ)
语序
He
was
happy.
Was
he
happy?
1
Does
he
have
a
pen?
He
has
a
pen.
2
Do
they
eat
meat?
They
eat
meat.
3
Have
they
got
a
car?
They
have
got
a
car.
5
Did
he
eat
an
apple?
He
ate
an
apple.
4
改成陈述句
Can
he
sing
a
song?
He
can
sing
a
song.
6
宾语从句(Ⅱ)
语序
特殊疑问句改成陈述句
疑问语序
正常陈述语序
1.Where
are
you
going?
Where
you
are
going
2.Why
is
she
late
for
class?
Why
she
is
late
for
class
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是陈述句语序
(连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分)
先主后动
Could
you
please
tell
me
if
there
are
any
shops
in
the
next
street?
Do
you
know
where
I
can
buy
some
apples?
宾语从句(Ⅱ)
语序
特疑句专访
I
ask
her:“what
is
your
father
like?”
I
ask
her
what
her
father
is
like.
I
wonder:“what
do
you
like?”
I
wonder
what
you
like.
Could
you
tell
me
“what
does
he
eat?”
Could
you
tell
me
what
he
eats
.
I
don't
know
“why
did
he
play
the
piano?”
I
don't
know
why
he
played
the
piano.
宾语从句(Ⅱ)
语序
其他句子
疑问语序
陈述语序
1.What's
wrong
with
you
？
What's
wrong
with
you
？
2.What
happened
to
you？
What
happened
to
you？
3.Which
is
the
way
to
the
station?
Which
is
the
way
to
the
station?
不变？
what、which做句子的主语，仍旧是陈述语序
特疑词是替补，从句无主它做主
Exercise
1.
I
don't
know
________
now.
A.
where
is
my
cat
B.
my
cat
is
where
C.
where
my
cat
is
D.
where
my
cat
2.Do
you
know
________
the
Capital
Museum?—Next
Friday.
A.
when
will
they
visit
B.
when
they
will
visit
C.
when
did
they
visit
D.
when
they
visited
3.I
wonder
________
.
A.
how
much
cost
these
shoes
B.
how
much
do
these
shoes
cost
C.
how
much
these
shoes
cost
D.
how
much
are
these
shoes
cost
4.Could
you
tell
me
how
long
__________
?
A.
you
have
bought
the
watch
B.
you
have
kept
this
science
book
C.
have
you
been
away
from
China
D.
have
you
been
a
member
of
Greener
China
Exercise
5.
Can
you
tell
me
________
?
A.
why
is
he
so
fat
B.
what
is
she
looking
for
C.
who
is
absent
D.
when
are
you
leaving
6.—Hi,
Bruce.
Here
is
a
letter
for
you.
—Thanks.
I
wonder___________.
A.who
the
letter
was
from
B.
who
was
from
the
letter
C.
who
was
the
letter
from
D.
who
from
the
letter
was
7.
—Could
you
tell
me______
for
class
this
morning?
—I
am
sorry,
Mrs.
Lin.
I
got
up
so
late
that
I
couldn't
catch
the
first
bus.
A.
why
were
you
late
B.
why
you
are
late
C.
why
are
you
late
D.
why
you
were
late
宾语从句(Ⅲ)
连词
that
if
whether
特
疑
词
无词意
是否
本意
where、when、why、how、what、who(m)、which
口诀
缺主缺宾what、who，其余翻译不迷路
1.I
want
to
know______I
can
do.
2.I
want
to
know______I
can
do
it.
what
how
Exercise
1.Could
you
tell
me
________
the
nearest
hospital
is?
A.
what
B.
how
C.
whether
D.
where
2.He
told
me
________
he
was
just
a
worker.
A.
whether
B.
if
C.
when
D.
that
3.Can
you
tell
me
________
she
is
waiting
for?
A.
why
B.
whose
C.
whom
D.
which
4.—Be
careful!
Don't
break
the
bottles.
Do
you
hear
____
I
said,
David?
—Yes,
Mum.
A.
what
B.
that
C.
why
D.
if
5.She
wanted
to
know
________
her
mother
liked
the
present.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
if
D.
what
6.—I
don't
know
________
Mr.
Green
will
come
to
see
us.
—He
will
help
us
with
our
English.
A.
why
B.
when
C.
how
D.
where
宾语从句(Ⅲ)
连词
If
与whether
的区别
I
don’t
know
_____
he
will
come
or
not.
I
don’t
care
of
______
he
is
handsome.
He
wondered
______
to
stay
here
the
next
week.
____
he
will
come
is
not
decided.
与or
not
连用只能用whether
介词后只能用whether
与to
do
不定式连用只能用whether
作主语只能用whether
其他：a.
主语从句中
b.
表语从句中
c.
同位语从句中
Exercise
1.
I
asked
her
__________
she
had
a
bike.
2.___
we
will
hold
a
party
in
the
open
air
tomorrow
depends
on
the
weather.
3.
We’re
worried
about
________
he
is
safe.
4.
I
don’t
know
________
he
is
well
or
not.
5.
I
don’t
know
_______
or
not
he
is
well.
6.
The
question
is
_______
he
should
do
it.
7.The
doctor
can
hardly
answer
the
question____
the
old
man
will
recover
soon.
8.
I
don’t
know
_______
to
go.
A.if
/
whether
B.
if
C.Whether
D.
that
A
C
C
A
C
C
C
C
Exercise
1.Would
you
like
to
know
________
they
will
do
it
or
not?
A.
if
B.
that
C.
whether
D.
why
2.I
don't
know
________
he
still
lives
here.
A.
where
B.
what
C.
when
D.
whether
3.The
young
man
asked
_____
it's
summer
or
winter.
A.
either
B.
that
C.
weather
D.
whether
4.Does
anybody
know
______
we
will
have
a
sports
meeting
this
weekend
or
not
.
A.
if
B.
where
C.
whether
D.
that
宾语从句(Ⅲ)
连词
2)连词+宾语从句
连词+to
do
①I
don’t
know
what
I
shall
do
next
.
I
don’t
know
what
to
do
next
.
②She
didn’t
decide
which
one
she
would
choose
.
She
didn’t
decide
which
one
to
choose
.
③Please
tell
me
whom
you’ll
give
the
letter
to
.
Please
tell
me
whom
to
give
the
letter
to
.
其他用法
1)带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句
Could
you
tell
us
how
much
the
coat
is
?
宾语从句(Ⅲ)
连词
否定转移
在含宾语从句的复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，
believe,
guess,
suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
eg.I
don’t
think
you
will
be
late.
I
don't
believe
I
have
met
you
before
.
这种句子在其后接附加问句时,
主句的主语为第一人称,变附加问句谓语。
I
don’t
believe
he
has
finished
the
work,has
he?
若相反，则变主句谓语
He
knew
why
Jim
wasn’t
at
school
,didn't
he?
Exercise
1.
I________
I
_______you
before.
A.
think;
haven't
seen
B.
didn't
think;
have
seen
C.
didn't
think;
didn't
see
D.
thought
;
not
see
2.Mary_____there_____be
less
pollution
in
several
years.
A.
thinks;won't
B.thought
;
won't
C.doesn't
think;
will
D.
thought
;
will
3.I
don't
think
they
are
friendly
to
us,______?
______,I
agree
with
you.
A.
do
I
;
Yes
B.
are
they;
Yes
C.
aren't
they;
No
D.
are
they
;
No
1.He
asked
me
if
I
could
help
him.
2.I
want
to
know
if
he
lives
here.
If引导的宾从，表“是否”该用什么时态就用什么时态。
If引导的宾语从句VS条件状语从句
If
引导的条状从,表“如果”,应遵从”主将(祈/情)从现”相呼应原则
1.If
you
want
to
go，please
tell
me.
2.If
you
don't
get
up
early,you
will
be
late
for
school.
1.Do
you
know
if
________
back
next
week?
If
he
________
back,
please
let
me
know.
A.
he
comes;
will
come
B.
will
he
come;
comes
C.
he
will
come;
comes
D.
will
he
come;
will
come
2.He
says
that
if
it
_______
tomorrow
,
he
_______
fishing
.
A.
will
rain
,
won't
go
B.
rained
,
wasn't
go
C.
rains
,
won't
go
D.
rain
,
will
go
3.---Mike?wants?to?know?if______?a?picnic?tomorrow.?
—Yes.?But?if?it?______,?we’ll?visit?the?museum?instead.??
?
A.you?have;?will?rain??????
B.you?will?have;?rains???
C.you?will?have;?will?rain????D.will?you?have;?rains
Exercise
宾语从句三要素
that（陈述句
）（可省略）
if／whether（一般疑问句
）
特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句)
主现从任意
时态
宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序
主过从必过
真理永不变
语序
连接词
Exercise
1.Could
you
tell
me
________
the
nearest
hospital
is?
A.
what
B.
how
C.
whether
D.
where
2.—Excuse
me,
________
to
the
nearest
bookshop,
please?
—Go
straight
and
take
the
second
turning
on
the
left.
A.
where
the
way
is
B.
which
the
way
is
C.
where
is
the
way
D.
which
is
the
way
3.—I
wonder
________
without
water.
—About
a
week.
A.
how
long
man
can
live
B.
how
long
can
man
live
C.
when
man
can
live
D.
when
can
man
live
4.
—Excuse
me.
Could
you
tell
me
________
?
—Certainly.
A.
when
can
I
get
to
the
station
B.
I
can
get
to
which
station
C.
which
station
can
I
get
to
D.
how
I
can
get
to
the
station
5.
—David,
look
at
the
man
in
white
over
there.
Can
you
tell
me
_____?
—He
is
a
doctor.
A.
who
is
he
B.
who
he
is
C.
what
is
he
D.
what
he
is
6.He
hasn't
decided
________
.
A.
if
he'll
go
on
a
trip
to
Wuxi
B.
when
will
he
go
on
a
trip
to
Wuxi
C.
if
he
goes
on
a
trip
to
Wuxi
D.
when
does
he
go
on
a
trip
to
Wuxi
7.The
real
reason
why
I
left
early
was
________
I
hurt
my
left
leg.
A.
that
B.
why
C.
which
D.
because
8.—We
don’t
know
______.
--
It
is
said
that
he
was
born
in
Canada.
A.what
he
is
B.
when
he
was
born
C.
where
he
comes
from
D.
if
he
lives
here
9.Tomorrow
is
Father’s
Day.
I
don’t
know____
A.What
can
I
do
for
my
father
B.what
I
will
get
for
my
father
C.where
I
went
with
my
father
D.where
will
I
go
with
my
father
10.I
was
told
to
meet
Mr.Green
at
the
airport.
But
I
don’t
know___
he
will
arrive.
A.
where
B.
why
C.
how
D.
when
11.I
wonder
_______
he
is
crying
now
.
A.
that
B.
why
C.
how
D.
when
12.Have
you
found
out
______
we
can
do
on
Hainan
Island
?
A.
what
B.
how
C.
if
D.
whether
13.
I
don’t
know
______
he
still
lives
here
.
A.
where
B.
what
C.
when
D.
whether
14.Someone
is
ringing
the
doorbell
.
Go
and
see
_______
.
A.
who
is
he
B.
who
he
is
C.
who
is
it
D.
who
it
is
15.Could
you
tell
me
how
long
__________
?
A.
you
have
bought
the
watch
B.
you
have
kept
this
science
book
C.
have
you
been
away
from
China
D.
have
you
been
a
member
of
Greener
China
16.---Do?you?know?if?he?_______?to?play?basket?ball?with?us???
---I?think?he?will?come?if?he?______?free?tomorrow.?
??A.?comes;?is??
B.?comes;?will?be??
C.?will?come;?is??D.?will?come;?will?be
并列句
定
语
从
句
04
The
Attributive
Clause
定语从句概念
This
is
a
beautiful
flower.
前置定语
后置定语
定语：修饰限定名词或代词
This
is
a
flower
in
the
garden.
This
is
the
flower
which
you
gave
to
me.
定语从句
短前后长
用一个句子做定语，这个句子就叫定语从句。
This
is
the
flower
which
you
gave
to
me.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
关系代词
关系副词
which,
who,
whom,
whose,
that
where,
when，why
定语从句要素
定语从句要素
1)先行词2)关系词
定语从句要素一
apple
The
apple
which
is
blue
is
mine.
The
apple
which
is
yellow
is
yours.
The
apple
which
is
blue
is
small.
The
apple
which
is
yellow
is
big.
先行词
先行词:名词
先行词
被定语从句修饰的词
定语从句要素一
There
is
nothing
that
he
can
do.
That's
all
that
I
know.
They
checked
everything
that
seemed
doubtful.
He
who
laughs
last
laughs
best.
先行词
先行词:代词
先行词
被定语从句修饰的词
拆分法
拆分法
拆、找、合
我有一个红色的苹果
①拆：拆成有同一个字的两个句子。
我有一个苹果&
这个苹果是红色的
②找：找同一字
③合：合并相同，列出不同
I
have
an
apple.
An
apple
is
red.
apple
I
have
an
apple
that
is
red.
拆分法
拆、找、合
我有一些喜欢运动的朋友。
I
have
some
friends.
Some
friends
like
sports.
I
have
some
friends
who
like
sports.
大家都喜欢的这个人很善良。
The
man
is
kind.
Everyone
likes
him.
The
man
(who)
everyone
likes
is
kind.
①
关系代词
定语从句要素二
①关系代词
引导定语从句的词称为关系词
4.This
is
the
flower
which
you
gave
to
me.
3.The
apple
which
is
red
is
mine.
1.I
have
some
friends
who
like
sports.
2.The
man
(who)
everyone
likes
is
kind.
作主语
作宾语
作主语
作宾语
定语从句要素二
①关系代词
The
apple
which
is
red
is
mine.
This
is
the
flower
which
you
gave
to
me.
先
行
词
是
人
who
whom
whose
that
which
先行词是物
I
have
some
friends
who
like
sports.
The
man
(who)
everyone
likes
is
kind.
先行词是人，作主要用who,作宾要用who,whom;
先行词是物，Which来帮助；
That万能手，做主作宾都能有；
关系代词作宾语，不想加它也可以
死亡小口诀
定语从句要素二
①关系代词
先行词是人，作主要用who
The
man
who
is
speaking
at
the
meeting
is
a
worker.
The
man
is
a
worker.
The
man
is
speaking
at
the
meeting.
分解
作主语
先行词是人，作宾要用who,whom;
The
woman
whom/who
they
wanted
to
visit
is
a
teacher.
The
woman
is
a
teacher.
They
wanted
to
visit
the
woman.
分解
作宾语
Exercise
1.
Those
______
willing
to
attend
the
party,
sign
here
please.
A.
who
are
B.
that
are
C.
which
are
2.Who
was
the
red-haired
man
______at
yesterday’s
meeting?
A.we
saw
him
B.we
saw
C.we
saw
who
D.she
was
seen
3.Friends
are
those_____make
you
smile,
always
open
their
hearts
to
you
and
encourage
you
to
succeed.
A.
which
B.
what
C.
whom
D.
who
4.--Excuse
me,
can
I
have
a
talk
with
your
manager?
----Yes?
I
am
just
the
man_____
you
are
looking
for.
A.
whose
B.
what
C.
who
D.
which
5.The
man
______is
painting
the
house
is
my
uncle.
A.he
B.whom
C.whose
D.who
定语从句要素二
①关系代词
先行词是物，Which来帮助；
which
作定语从句的主语或宾语（可省略）.
I
like
the
book
(which
/
that)
you
bought
yesterday.
This
is
a
car
which
/
that
is
made
in
China.
作主语
作宾语
介词提前则不能省
Can
you
find
the
pen?
I
wrote
with
it
just
now.
Can
you
find
the
pen
with
which
I
wrote
just
now?
Can
you
find
the
pen
(which)
I
wrote
with
just
now?
Exercise
1.This
is
the
place
_____
worth
visiting.
A.
who
are
B.
that
are
C.
which
is
2.---Barbara,
where
do
you
work?
---I
work
for
a
company______
sells
cars.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
what
D.
who
3.The
book_____he
bought
yesterday
is
very
interesting.
A.
what
B.
why
C.
when
D./
4.The
place
______
interested
me
most
was
the
Children's
Palace.
A.where
B.
which
C.
what
D.
in
which
5.The
pen
________
he
is
writing
is
mine.
A.
with
which
B.
in
which
C.
on
which
D.
by
which
定语从句要素二
①关系代词
That万能手，做主作宾都能有；
that
可以作定语从句的主语和宾语(可省略).
The
woman
(whom
/
that)
they
wanted
to
visit
is
a
teacher.
The
man
who
/
that
is
speaking
at
the
meeting
is
a
worker.
(whose既可以指人，也可以指物).
I
know
the
girl
whose
mother
is
a
teacher.
分解
I
know
the
girl.
The
girl’s
mother
is
a
teacher.
作定语
I
have
a
book
whose
cover
is
yellow.
whose
作定语从句的定语
Exercise
1.This
is
the
bag
________
my
mother
bought
yesterday.
A.
whom
B.
who
C.
that
D.
this
2.Is
there
anyone
in
your
class
________
family
is
in
the
country?
A.
who
B.
who's
C.
which
D.
whose
3.A
robot
is
a
machine____can
do
some
difficult
work
instead
of
man.
A.
who
B.
/
C.
that
D.
what
4.Rosa
likes
music______
is
quiet
and
gentle.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
where
D.
who
5.This
book
is
for
the
students
______native
language
isn’t
English.
A.that
B.of
whom
C.whose
D.who’s
关系代词只能用that的情况
①序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时
This
is
the
first
play
that
I
have
seen
since
I
came
here.
This
is
the
most
interesting
story(
that
)I
have
ever
heard.
②先行词被every,
some,
no,
all,
any,
little,
much等修饰时。
I’ve
read
all
the
books
that
you
lend
me.
③先行词被the
only,
the
very,
the
same,
the
last修饰时。
The
white
flower
is
the
only
one
that
I
really
like.
Exercise
1.This
is
the
first
car
___
arrived
this
morning.
A.
which
B.
who
C.
that
2.
There
is
no
water
___
is
needed
badly.
A.
which
B.that
C.
who
3.That
is
the
very
book
___
I
was
looking
for.
A.
who
B.
that
C.
which
4.Please
take
any
seat
___
is
free.
A.that
B.which
C.
in
which
5.
It’s
the
most
boring
film
___
I
have
ever
seen.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
whose
6.
I
know
all
people
___
are
from
that
village.
A.
who
B.
that
C.
whose
7.After
the
fire
in
his
house,
the
old
car
is
the
only
thing
___
he
owns.
A.who
B.which
C.
that
关系代词只能用that的情况
⑤先行词是one
of,the
one,
或用much,
little,
few,
no,
any
作修饰
Is
it
the
one
that
you
want
?
We
haven’t
got
much
that
you
can
offer
us.
⑦主句已有who或which时
Who
is
the
girl
that
is
standing
under
the
tree?
Which
is
the
machine
that
we
used
last
Sunday.
⑥当先行词同时指人和物时
I’ve
never
heard
of
the
people
and
things
that
you
talked
about
just
now.
④everything,
something,
nothing,
all,
anything,
little,
much
等不定代词作先行词时
Everything
that
we
saw
in
this
film
was
true.
Exercise
1.He
talked
a
lot
about
things
and
persons
________
they
remembered
in
the
school.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
whom
D.
what
2.I’m
a
football
fan.
I’m
interested
in
everything_____is
about
the
2019
World
Cup.
A.
who
B.
that
C.
where
D.
when
3.
Who
is
the
worker
___
took
some
pictures
of
the
factory.
A.
who
B.
that
C.
which
4.The
one
_________
he
gave
me
is
black.
A.who
B.that
C.which
D.what
5.This
is
one
of
the
beautiful
mountains
_____
I
have
seen
before.
A.which
B.who
C.what
D.that
主语
(宾语)
定语
指人
who
that
whom（优先）
who
that
whose
（of
whom）
指物
Which
that
Which
that
Whose
(of
which)
指人和物
that
that
whose
小结
先行词是人，作主要用who,作宾要用who,whom;
先行词是物，Which来帮助；
That万能手，做主作宾都能有；
关系代词作宾语，不想加它也可以
②
关系副词
关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。
定语从句要素二
②关系副词
关系副词有三种：
where:
在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.
when:
在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。
why:
在从句中作原因状语,指代原因。
1.
This
is
the
place
where
I
was
born.
2.
I
remember
the
day
when
I
first
met
him.
3.
Can
you
tell
me
the
reason
why
you
lied
to
me?
定语从句要素二
②关系副词
(先行词应是地点名词）
where
的用法
at
the
hotel.
where.
先行词
关系词
不缺成分缺含义用where
The
hotel
where
we
stayed
wasn’t
clean.
The
hotel
wasn’t
clean.
We
stayed
We
stayed
＋
The
hotel
at
which
we
stayed
wasn’t
clean.
The
hotel
(which)
we
stayed
at
wasn’t
clean.
where=at
which
缺成分用which
定语从句要素二
②关系副词
(先行词应是时间名词）
when
的用法
on
the
day.
when.
先行词
关系词
不缺成分缺含义用when
I
still
remember
the
day
when
I
first
met
him.
I
still
remember
the
day.
I
first
met
him
I
first
met
him
＋
I
still
remember
the
day
on
which
I
first
met
him.
I
still
remember
the
day
(which)
I
first
met
on
him.
when=on
which
缺成分用which
定语从句要素二
②关系副词
(先行词应是原因名词）
why的用法
for
the
reason.
why.
先行词
关系词
不缺成分缺含义用why
This
is
the
reason
why
I
was
late
for
school.
This
is
the
reason.
I
was
late
for
school
I
was
late
for
school
＋
This
is
the
reason
for
which
I
was
late
for
school.
This
is
the
reason
(which)
I
was
late
for
school
for.
why=for
which
缺成分用which
注意
where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。
①Please
put
the
letter
in
the
drawer
where
he
can
easily
find
it.
②Please
put
the
letter
where
he
can
easily
find
it.
when引导的定语从句与强调句句型。
It
was
October
when
we
met
in
Beijing
for
the
first
time.
It
was
in
October
that
we
met
in
Beijing
for
the
first
time.
强调句句型：It
is/was+被强调的部分+that/who
+其它部分，
去掉It
is/was…that/who…,
句子照样成立。
而定语从句的引导词在句中要作一成分
状语
从句
定语
从句
时间状语
照样成立
Exercise
1.This
is
the
reason
________
he
didn't
come
to
the
meeting.
A.
in
which
B.
with
which
C.
that
D.
why
2.I’m
going
to
visit
the
school
_____
my
mother
taught
physics
ten
years
ago.
A.where
B.
that
C.
which
D.
what
3.Do
you
still
remember
the
day
___________
I
first
came
to
Beijing?
A.
which
B.
that
C.
when
D.
where
4.
I
have
reached
a
point
in
my
life_____I
am
supposed
to
make
decisions
of
my
own.
A.
which?????
B.
where?????
?
C.
how?????
D.
why?
5.I
remember
early
spring
mornings
_____
my
grandmother
would
tell
me
a
story.
A.which
B.why
C.where
D.when
关系词规律总结
1.缺成分
关系代词
先行词是人，作主要用who,作宾要用who,whom;
先行词是物，Which来帮助；
That万能手，做主作宾都能有；
关系代词作宾语，不想加它也可以
2.不缺成分缺含义
关系副词
地点
时间
原因
where
when
why
3.不缺成分也不缺含义
that
4.定从不用what、how，天生顽皮定不了
what
color
size
date
缺啥补啥
how
long
far
old
5.只用that的情况
非限制性定语从句
1.My
brother
who
is
called
Tom
is
a
doctor.
2.My
brother
who
is
called
Tom
is
a
doctor.
Tim
Tom
Jim
Tom
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
that
that
有
不that
×
×
√
My
mother
who
likes
cooking.
My
friend
who
likes
eating.
as引导定语从句
限制性定语从句
主要结构有：
the
same…as
as…as
such…as
so…as
主句中出现the
same,
as,
such,
so修饰先行词，需选择as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。
It’s
the
same
person
as
we
wanted
to
find
yesterday
.
Such
girls
as
he
knows
are
good
at
English
She
will
marry
as
healthy
a
man
as
she
can
find
.
There
is
so
warm
a
house
as
we
want
to
live
in
.
as引导定语从句
非限制性定语从句
as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，从句可置于句首，句中或句尾
非限制性定语从句中的谓语为被动式时，常用as做主语
be
said
/known/announced/reported/mentioned/expected/discussed
as
引导的非限制性定语从句与it引导的句子
①The
earth
is
round,
and
it
is
known
to
all.
②As
is
known
to
all,
the
earth
is
round.
③It
is
known
to
all
that
the
earth
is
round.?
①As
everyone
knows
,China
is
a
beautiful
country
with
a
long
history
.
②The
earth
,
as
we
know
,
moves
round
the
sun
.
③Tom
works
hard
and
is
willing
to
help
others,
as
we
all
know.
As
is
known
to
all
,
TaiWan
is
a
part
of
China
.
简单句
定语从句
主语从句
Exercise
1.That
is
the
day
________
I'll
never
forget.
A.
which
B.
on
which
C.
in
which
D.
when
2.The
factory
________
we'll
visit
next
week
is
not
far
from
here.
A.
where
B.
to
which
C.
which
D.
in
which
3.Great
changes
have
taken
place
since
then
in
the
factory
________
we
are
working.
A.
where
B.
that
C.
which
D.
there
4.He
isn't
such
a
man
________
he
used
to
be.
A.
who
B.
whom
C.
that
D.
as
5.—Did
you
ask
the
guard
________
happened?
—Yes,
he
told
me
all
________
he
knew.
A.
what;
that
B.
what;
what
C.
which;
which
D.
that;
that
6.I
want
to
use
the
same
dictionary
________
was
used
yesterday.
A.
which
B.
who
C.
what
D.
as
7.
Is
this
the
factory
________
a
lot
of
students
visited
yesterday?
A.
the
one
B.
which
C.
who
D.
where
8.This
is
the
magazine
________
I
copied
the
paragraph.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
from
that
D.
from
which
9.This
is
one
of
the
best
films
________
.
A.
that
have
been
shown
this
year
B.
that
have
shown
C.
that
has
been
shown
this
year
D.
that
you
talked
10.
Last
summer
we
visited
the
West
Lake,
________
Hangzhou
is
famous
in
the
world.
A.what
B.
for
that
C.
in
which
D.for
which
11.I
have
bought
such
a
watch
________
was
advertised
on
TV.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
as
D.
it
12.I
can
never
forget
the
day
________
we
worked
together
and
the
day
_____we
spent
together.
A.
what;
that
B.
which;
when
C.when;
which
D.
on
which;
when
13.This
is
the
reason
________
he
didn't
come
to
the
meeting.
A.
in
which
B.
with
which
C.
that
D.
for
which
14.The
reason
________
he
didn't
come
was
________
he
was
ill.
A.
why;
that
B.
that；why
C.
for
that；that
D.
for
which；what
15.He
is
not
such
a
man
________
would
leave
his
work
half
done.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
who
D.
as
并列句
状
语
从
句
05
Adverbial
Clauses
定义
状语从句
I
learnt
English
happily
in
the
classroom.
yesterday
when
I
was
10
方式状语
地点状语
时间状语
时间状语从句
主
谓
宾
主
干
之
外皆状语
用一个句子做状语，这个句子就叫状语从句
主干
同副词，介词词组等作状语一样，用于修饰谓语，说明谓语
动作的时间，地点，方式，手段，条件，程度，比较，原因，
目的，结果等
主干之外皆状语
状语从句的位置
1.I
say
that
she
is
my
sister.
2.That
she
is
my
sister
is
true.
3.The
fact
is
that
she
is
my
sister.
4.The
news
that
she
is
my
sister
is
ture.
5.The
news
that
she
told
me
is
ture.
7.The
news,when
she
heard,
was
not
good
news.
6.when
she
heard
the
news,
she
was
sad.
8.She
was
sad
when
she
heard
the
news.
动后宾从
动前主从
系后表从
名后同位从
名后定从
状语从句
状语从句
状语从句
状语从句
主干
①
②
③
主干
状语从句
主干
状语从句
主干
可前可后是状从
状语从句如何出题？
时间状语从句是关键
其他状语从句重点记忆连接词
必须是句子；必须有连接词；必须是陈述句
状语从句类型
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
1
时间状语从句
条件状语从句
原因状语从句
目的状语从句
结果状语从句
让步状语从句
方式状语从句
比较状语从句
地点状语从句
if,unless(如果),
as/so
long
as,
in
case
because,
as,
since,now
that
in
order
that,
so
that
so…that,
such…that,
so
that
although,though,
even
though/if,
no
matter+疑问词或
疑问词-ever
as，as
if/though
than,
as…as,
not
as/so....as
where、wherever
①when当
②while
当
③as
当
④before在......之前
⑤after
在.....之后
⑥until
(till)直到
时间状语从句
时间状语引导词可分为
⑦since自从
⑧once一旦
⑨whenever无论何时
hardly....when
no
sooner
than....
as
soon
as
一…就…
⑩
①When
you
arrive,
you
______
(get)a
surprise.
②After
you
_____(finish)the
meal,
I
will
take
you
to
the
park.
will
get
finish
时态法则1---主将则从现，从现则主将
1.一现VS一将
（适用于除Since外全部连词的时间状语从句）
时间状语从句
时态法则2---两个先发生在过去的事，先过完，后一过
2.一过VS过完
（多适用于before、after、hardly.....when....,no
sooner
.....than,
as
soon
as.....,not......until...等）
（过去完成时）
（一般过去时）
Now
一般过去时
过去完成时
（had
done）
（did）
时间状语从句
时态法则3---两个先发生在过去的事，长过进，短一过
（多适用于when，while，as等）
（过去进行时）
（一般过去时）
Now
While(when)I
was
doing
housework,
my
mother
called
me.
(当我正在做家务时，我妈妈打电话我了。)
call
me
3.一过VS过进
时间状语从句
since引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从……”，
主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。
例句翻译：我们自从毕业以后一直没见过面。
We
haven’t
seen
each
other
since
we
graduated
from
the
university.
常用句型：It
has
been
(is)
+
时间段
+
since从句
“自从……有多长时间了
”
例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。
It
has
been
(is)
six
years
since
she
graduated
from
the
university.
since引导的时间状语从句
当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式，表“直到…为止。”
例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来为止。
I’ll
stay
here
until
you
come
back.
当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时,
主句常用否定形式。
not…
until…“直到……才……”
He
didn’t
go
to
bed
until
he
finished
his
homework.
例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。
until引导的时间状语从句
Exercise
1.
______
they
had
worked
for
along
time,
everyone
looked
tired.
A．
While
??????
B．
After
C．
Unless?????????
D．
For
2.He
has
been
a
teacher
______?
he
came
to
the
country.
A.since
??
B.until
C.as
?????
D.when
3.
It
is
ten
years?
______
I
saw
you
last
time.
A．
when
??B．since
C．
that
?????
D．
if
4.Mum,_____shall
we
have
lunch?we
will
have
it
when
your
dad_____.
A.where;returns
??
B.when
;returns
C.where;will
return????
D.when;will
return
5.It______heavily
when
I
left
the
cinema.
A.rains
??
B.will
rain
C.is
raining?????
D.was
raining
6.He________Chinese
before
he
______to
China.
A.learned;came
??
B.had
learned;came
C.learned;had
come
条件状语从句
1.If
you
finish
your
homework,
前提条件
I
will
allow
you
to
play.
后来的结果
主将从现
3.
if
条件状语从句中，主句是祈使句，从句用一般现在时
2.
如果主句有must，can，may
等情态动词，从句用一般现在时。
You
must
stop
if
the
traffic
light
is
red.
主情从现
Don’
t
wait
for
me
if
I
am
late.
主祈从现
1.so
that　“以便”、“结果”表目的和结果。
so
that
&
so…that
&
such…that
2.so…that
“如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于：
　①so+形／副＋that　　
　②so+形＋a(an)＋单数名词＋that　　
　③so＋many/much＋复数名词（不可数名词）+that
3.such…that　“如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于：
　①such＋a(an)＋形＋名词＋that
　②such＋形＋复数名词／不可数名词＋that
多多少少都用so,名前such，形副so
1._______many
books.
2._______a
lot
of
books.
3._______little
dogs.
4.________little
water
5.________beautiful.
6.________beautiful
flowers.
7.________quickly
8.________cold
weather
9.________a
fat
boy.
10._______fat
a
boy.
so
such
such
so
so
such
so
such
such
so
Exercise
1.
He
has
had
to
cook
by
himself
______?
his
mother
went
on
business
to
Beijing.
A．
during
?????
B．
since
C．
after
????
D．when
2.He
always
thinks
I'm
wrong,?
______
I
may
say.
A.no
matter
whatever
????
B.
whatever
C.what
??????D.that
3.
______
,
Mother
will
wait
for
him
to
have
dinner
together.
A.However
late
is
he
B.However
he
is
late
C.However
is
he
late
D.However
late
he
is
4.
You
should
run
the
machine?
______
the
workers
has
shown
you.
A.as
???????
B.and
C.but
???????
D.so
5.
The
man
put
on
a
overcoat?
______
keep
himself
warm.
A.that
???
B.so
that
to
C.in
order
that
?????????
D.in
order
to
6.
He
has
changed
so
much?
______
I
can
hardly
recognize
him.
A.as
???????
B.so
that
C.that
???????????D.but
7.
Some
people
want
to
go
hunting,?
______?
others
want
to
go
finishing.
A.or
??
B.because
C.while
?????????
D.since
8.Bad
habits,?
______?
formed,
are
difficult
to
get
rid
of.
A.and
?
B.once
C.or
????
D.but
9.You
must
get
up
early
in
the
morning,
______
we'll
have
to
start
out
without
you.
A．
and
?????
B．
or
C．
but???????
D．
so
that
10.Would
you
please
wait?
______
I
come
back?
A．
if
???????
B．
when
C．
because
?????????
D．till
11.I
arrived
at
the
airport
_____the
plane
had
taken
off.
A.After
B.
while
C.
when
D.
before
12.
My
grandfather
is
very
old,
_____he
never
stops
learning.
A.
than
B.
though
C.
but
D.
unless
13.We
won’t
start
the
meeting_____our
teacher
arrives.
A.
though
B.
until
C.
while
D.
or
14.We
will
have
no
water
to
drink____we
don’t
protect
the
earth.
A.
until
B.
before
C.
though
D.
if
15._____the
water
was
cold,
Jack
jumped
into
it
to
save
others.
A.Because
B.
When
C.
If
D.
Although
16.You
will
be
late_____you
leave
immediately.
A.until
B.
unless
C.
If
D.
or
17.
Take
your
umbrella
with
you______
it
rains.
A.if
???????
B.as
if
C.in
case?????????D.as
long
as
18.______the
day
went
on,the
weather
got
worse.
A.With
??
B.Since
C.While
?????????
D.As
19.My
wife
was
watching
TV
while
I_____on
the
internet.
A.searching
??B.search
C.was
searching????
D.searched
20.If
you_____to
the
party,you'll
have
a
good
time.
A.will
go
??
B.went
C.go?????????
D.going
21.I_____her
the
answer
if
she______me.
A.can
tell;will
ask
??
B.will
tell;will
ask
C.would
tell;ask????????
D.will
tell;asks
22.If
you_____to
the
music,buy
a
CD.
A.will
listen?
B.listen
C.listening??????
D.listened
THANK
YOU