人教版高中英语（2019）必修二
Unit
3
语法与写作
知识点一：
现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态表示到现在为止某事已经被完成或被做。这种语法项目既要表示现在已经完成又要表示被动的含义，因此很多同学在具体运用中容易顾此失彼，难以把握。
运用现在完成时的被动语态时应掌握以下几个问题：
一、现在完成时的被动语态的常用句式
肯定式
主语＋have/has
been
done...
否定式
主语＋have/has
not
been
done...
一般疑问式
Have/Has＋主语＋been
done...？
特殊疑问式
疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been
done...？
A
new
network
has
been
set
up.
一个新的网络已经建立起来了。
To
Tom’s
disappointment，his
novel
has
not
been
published.
让汤姆失望的是，他的小说还没有被出版。
Has
his
bike
been
repaired?
他的自行车修好了吗？
How
many
residents
have
been
invited
to
the
conference？
有多少居民受到了参会邀请？
二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1．表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语so
far，by
now，up
till/to
now，since等连用。
The
database
has
already
been
updated.
数据库已经被更新了。(现在可以使用新的数据库了)
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于how
long引出的句子中。
The
machine
has
been
repaired
for
two
hours.
这台机器已经被修了两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修)
3．用在条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作。
You
shouldn’t
leave
school
before
your
homework
has
been
finished.
在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。
三、使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意6点问题
1．与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。
The
park
was
opened
to
the
public
last
year.
去年这个公园向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去)
The
park
has
been
opened
to
the
public.
这个公园已向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去，但对现在有影响，即现在公园已经向公众开放了)
2．非延续性动词，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。
The
work
was
finished
two
weeks
ago.
这项工作于两周前被完成。
The
work
has
been
finished.这项工作已经被完成。
3．短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。
It
is
said
that
the
problem
has
been
looked
into.
据说已经调查了这个问题。
4．只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
We
have
built
many
houses
in
the
past
ten
years.
→Many
houses
have
been
built
in
the
past
ten
years.
在过去的十年里我们建了很多房子。
5．带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，tell，pay，lend，pass，promise等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。
We
have
given
him
a
lot
of
cash.
→He
has
been
given
a
lot
of
cash.
→A
lot
of
cash
has
been
given
to
him.
我们给了他很多现金。
6．带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾补改为主语补足语。原来省略to的不定式作宾补的，被动语态中要用带to的不定式。
I
have
told
them
to
take
their
identity
cards.
→They
have
been
told
to
take
their
identity
cards.
我已经告诉他们要带上身份证。
课堂巩固
一.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．—Will
Peterson
come
to
our
graduation
ceremony(毕业典礼)?
—It’s
a
pity.He
_________(send)
to
India
as
a
volunteer
teacher.
2．It’s
said
that
a
new
software
__________(develop)．It
will
soon
be
on
sale.
3．Since
1958，they
___________(recognise)
as
the
national
theatre
of
Israel.
4．Our
classroom_________(clean)．You
needn’t
clean
it
now.
5．How
many
cars
__________(stick)
since
the
accident
happened?
6．Three
new
schools
___________(open)
in
our
city
in
the
past
five
years.
7．The
child__________(take)
care
of
by
his
grandma
all
these
years.
8．Up
to
now，no
conclusion(结论)
________(reach)
about
who
should
be
awarded
the
first
prize.
9．Fire
extinguishers(灭火器)
are
located
on
each
floor.You
can
use
them
only
if
you
__________(train)
to
do
so.
10．Great
changes________(take)
place
in
my
hometown
and
you
can
see
that
a
lot
of
factories
____________(set)
up.
1.has
been
sent
2.
has
been
developed
3.
has
been
reached
4.
have
been
recognised
5.
has
been
cleaned
6.have
been
stuck
7.
have
been
opened
8.has
been
taken
9.
have
been
trained
10.have
taken
have
been
set
二.单句写作。
11．听说李涛已被复旦大学录取我们很高兴。
______________________________________
12．何时何地去度假还没定下来。
______________________________________
13．纸币已经在世界上存在了1
000多年了。
______________________________________
14．人们的健康已经受到空气、噪音和水的极大影响。
______________________________________
15．公司最近给了他一个去海外工作的机会。
______________________________________
11.We
are
glad
to
hear
that
Li
Tao
has
been
admitted
to/into
Fudan
University.
12.When
and
where
to
go
on
holiday
has
not
been
decided
yet.
13.Paper
money
has
existed
in
the
world
for
over
one
thousand
years.
14,People’s
health
has
been
greatly
affected
by
air，noise
and
water.
15.He
has
been
given
a
chance
to
work
abroad
recently
(by
the
company)．
知识点二：写作
［文体指导］
解决问题类博文属于解决问题类说明文，其结构安排:
1.简要说明做某件事情需要解决的问题。
2.具体说明问题及解决办法。
3.简要说明这些问题解决后将会出现的结果。
写作时应注意以下三个方面：
1.此类书面表达通常为话题作文或看图作文，所以应仔细研读提示信息或图画，明确应围绕什么问题或现象展开评论。
2.围绕主题进行拓展。根据要求和提示信息合理安排篇章中各部分内容的比例，做到详略得当、条理清楚、文字简练。
3.时态：多采用一般现在时，但如果提示中给出了具体时间，可对时态进行相应的调整。
亮点句式
1.提建议的句型
We
must
learn
how
to...
My
tips
are
as
follows...
Only
in
this
way
can
we...
In
my
opinion,
the
best
way
to
solve
the
problem
is...
2.说明现象或问题的常用句型
We
must
have
a
correct
understanding
of...
But
every
coin
has
two
sides.
The
situation
many
people
are
facing
is
that...
To
start
with,
...The
second
reason
is...The
last
but
not
least
reason
is....
Faced
with
the
problem,
quite
a
few
people
argue
that...but
others...
3.得出结论
With
concerted
efforts
we
will
pull
through
the
difficulties.
With
the
help
of...we
can
manage
to
overcome
these
difficulties.
课堂练笔
未成年人特别是中学生沉溺网络，影响其身心健康发展，引发社会治安问题，成为大家关注的话题之一；同时，严厉打击网络低俗信息，给孩子创造一个干净、无污染的网络世界。根据以上信息就未成年人如何“安全、健康”上网及网络的利弊谈谈你的看法。
注意：
1.内容要点可用不同方式表达。
2.应紧扣主题，可适当发挥。
3.词数100左右。
布局谋篇
体裁
时态
主题
人称
结构
第一段：
第二段：
遣词造句
一．对接单元词汇
1.
now
that
由于，因为
2
benefit
our
study
使我们的学习受益
3.
update
our
knowledge
更新我们的知识
4.surf
the
Internet
网上冲浪；上网
5.
keep
in
mind
牢记
6.
keep
away
from
远离
二．巧用单元句式、语法
（一）完成句子
1.互联网并不总是安全和健康的。
The
Internet
is
not
always
safb
and
healthy
.
2.我们必须学会如何正确使用互联网，远离不健康的网站。
We
must
learn
how
to
correctly
use
the
Internet
to
keep
away
from
unhealthy
websites.
3.众所周知，互联网有它的优点和缺点。
We
all
know
that
the
Internet
has
its
advantages
and
its
disadvantages
4.我们可以在网上得到有用的信息，并使我们的学习受益。
We
can
get
the
useful
information
and
benefit
study
on
the
Internet.
5.我们应该记住，沉迷于上网会毁掉我们的生活和学习。
We
should
keep
in
mind
that
being
addicted
to
surfing
the
Internet
will
get
our
life
and
study
destroyed.
6.同时，长时间上网会使我们身体状况不佳。
Meanwhile,
surfing
the
Internet
long
will
make
us
not
in
shape.
（二）句式升级
7.用now
that合并句子1、2
Now
that
the
Internet
is
not
always
safe
and
healthy,
wc
must
learn
how
to
correctly
use
the
Internet
to
keep
away
firom
unhealthy
websites.
8.用as引导非限制性定语从句并用as
well
as升级句子3
As
we
all
know,
the
Internet
has
its
advantages
as
well
as
its
disadvantages.
【参考范文】
We
must
have
a
correct
understanding
of
the
Internet.
Now
that
the
Internet
is
not
always
safe
and
healthy,
we
must
learn
how
to
correctly
use
the
Internet
to
keep
away
from
unhealthy
websites.
Meanwhile,
society
is
to
strengthen
and
improve
the
protection
of
young
people.
As
we
all
know,
the
Internet
has
its
advantages
as
well
as
its
disadvantages.
We
can
get
the
useful
information
and
benefit
our
study
on
the
Internet.
Besides,
we
can
know
about
the
latest
news,
widen
our
field
of
vision,
and
update
our
knowledge.
But
every
coin
has
two
sides.
We
should
keep
in
mind
that
being
addicted
to
surfing
the
Internet
will
get
our
life
and
study
destroyed.
Meanwhile,
surfing
the
Internet
long
will
make
us
not
in
shape.
课堂巩固
一.应用文写作.
随着网络的发展，很多人给亲朋好友发电子贺卡表示问候和祝福。请根据以下提示，写一篇80词左右的博客，阐述电子贺卡的优越性。
1．传递速度快；
2．形式多种多样；
3．有利于保护环境；
4．可以播放动画和声音。
参考词汇：电子贺卡ecard 动画animation
参考范文1：
Dear
John，
How
is
life
going?
Knowing
that
you'll
travel
around
China
during
your
vacation,
I
feel
very
happy
for
you
and
here
are
the
details
about
how
to
buy
train
tickets.
Train
tickets
can
be
bought
online
or
from
the
ticket
office
of
the
train
station,
and
your
passport
is
required
either
way.
If
you
book
it
online,
you
can
save
the
trouble
of
going
to
the
station
and
waiting
in
a
queue.
But
you
still
need
to
get
your
ticket
at
the
ticket
office
since
the
ticket
vending
machine
doesn't
support
passports.
So,
the
best
way
is
to
go
to
the
train
station
ahead
of
time
and
purchase
your
ticket
right
on
the
spot.
May
you
have
a
great
time!
Yours，
Li
Hua
参考范文2：
With
the
development
of
the
Internet,
more
and
more
people
tend
to
send
ecards
instead
of
paper
ones
to
offer
their
greetings
and
wishes
to
their
relatives
and
friends.
Compared
with
traditional
cards,
ecards
are
more
interesting
and
lively,
for
you
can
get
not
only
pictures
but
also
sound
and
animation.
Besides,
it
is
faster
to
send
an
ecard.
There
are
many
websites
online
where
varieties
of
cards
are
available.
If
none
of
these
cards
are
of
any
interest
to
you,
you
can
design
cards
with
unique
style
using
FLASH
or
other
software.
More
importantly,
with
the
popularity
of
ecards,
less
paper
is
used
for
making
traditional
cards,
which
contributes
to
the
environmental
protection.
二.
应用文写作.
随着网络的发展，人们消费观念的转变，购物方式也在悄然地发生变化。“网购”已成为一种时尚，越来越多的学生也正加入网购群体。请你根据以下提示，在你的博客上写一篇关于“网上购物”的文章。
优点：
1．足不出户，节约时间；
2．价格通常比较便宜；
3．可供选择的范围广，种类多。
缺点：
1．只能看到图片，看不到商品本身；
2．容易购买大量不太需要的东西，造成浪费。
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
参考范文
With
the
development
of
the
Internet，many
people
are
used
to
shopping
online.
Shopping
online
has
many
advantages.Just
by
a
click
of
the
mouse，you
can
buy
what
you’re
interested
in
without
going
outdoors.When
shopping
online，you
can
choose
from
more
varieties
of
goods，whose
prices
are
generally
lower.
Its
disadvantages
are
obvious，too.First，it’s
very
easy
for
you
to
buy
goods
different
from
the
pictures
you
see
on
the
Internet.Second，shopping
online
may
cause
people
to
buy
goods
that
are
not
badly
needed.
What’s
your
opinion
about
shopping
online？Post
your
comments
below！
课后作业
阅读理解
（每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文,
从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,
选出最佳选项。
A
Winter
is
a
very
special
time
in
Northern
Norway.
Winter
also
means
skiing,
and
Narvik
can
offer
some
of
the
best
skiing
in
Norway.
The
view
and
light
change
frequently
and
no
two
days
are
the
same.
For
many
people,
the
northern
lights
are
an
unforgettable
sight,
and
in
Narvik
the
sky
is
especially
clear
and
great
for
watching
at
night.
The
tourist
season
lasts
from
February
to
April,
although
May
can
be
fascinating
too,
often
with
fantastic
dry
snow
and
an
unbelievable
light
lasting
well
into
the
evening.
Ski
hire
It
is
possible
for
adults
and
children
to
hire
skiing
equipment
such
as
snowboards.
All
equipment
is
prepared
for
use.
If
you
would
like
to
book
your
equipment,
please
go
to
www..
Cross?country
skiing
There
are
12
kilometres
of
cross?country
ski
run
in
Narvik.
You
need
to
bring
your
own
skis
as
there
is
no
cross?country
hire.
However,
equipment
can
be
bought
at
local
sports
shops
in
and
around
Narvik.
Off?piste
skiing（非滑雪场地滑雪）
In
order
to
explore
Narvik’s
off?piste
opportunities,
you
need
to
know
the
dangers
when
choosing
routes.
It
is
suggested
that
you
bring
necessary
equipment
such
as
a
shovel
and
a
GPS
locator.
Ask
www.
for
an
experienced
guide.
With
a
guide
you
can
explore
Narvik’s
special
off?piste
areas
in
a
safe
manner.
Sometimes
it
is
nice
to
do
something
different
and
not
everybody
enjoys
skiing.
Then
you
can
go
horse?riding,
or
visit
the
local
museums.
Price
examples
for
the
2018/2019
season
Time
Children
(8?15
years)
Adults
1
day
NOK
230
NOK
325
3
days
NOK
590
NOK
835
5
days
NOK
815
NOK
1,170
7
days
NOK
970
NOK
1,375
Children
0-7
years
can
enjoy
the
service
for
free.
1.
In
Northern
Norway,
the
tourist
season
may
last
________.
A．one
month
B．two
months
C．three
months
D．four
months
2.
What
can
we
know
from
the
passage?
A．Narvik
is
located
in
the
south
of
Norway.
B．Narvik
is
open
to
adults
and
children
over
eight.
C．You
are
provided
with
skiing
equipment
for
free.
D．You
can
book
skiing
equipment
through
the
Internet.
3.
If
Mr.
and
Mrs.
Smith
stay
in
Narvik
with
their
six?year?old
daughter
for
three
days
in
2019,
they
should
pay
____________
.
A．NOK
1,160
B．NOK
1,425
C．NOK
1,670
D．NOK
2,260
B
The
idea
behind
Facebook
is
to
make
us
feel
connected
all
the
time.
But
in
my
research,
I’ve
found
that
the
truth
is
quite
different.
Technology,
it
turns
out,
has
made
being
alone
seem
like
a
problem
that
needs
solving.
When
young
people
are
alone,
even
for
a
minute
or
two,
they
feel
the
need
to
connect,
to
get
on
Facebook
or
some
other
social
networks
and
chat.
But
in
connecting,
they
often
end
up
feeling
more
isolated.
Why?
Because
by
being
in
constant
(不断的)
connection,
they
lose
the
ability
to
feel
satisfied
with
their
own
company.
Facebook
can
help
us
keep
in
touch
with
our
friends,
but
we
too
often
use
it
instead
of
spending
face?to?face
time
with
them.
And
since
we
feel
the
need
to
keep
up
with
them
online,
we
don’t
have
moments
of
loneliness
where
we
can
collect
our
thoughts
and
learn
how
to
be
comfortable
being
alone.
—Sherry
Turkle,
Professor
Facebook
connects
more
of
us
to
more
of
our
friends
and
family
in
more
places
than
we
have
ever
been
connected
before.
Yes,
Facebook
is
a
huge
time
sink—maybe
the
biggest
ever.
Many
people
post
useless
stuff.
And
seeing
too
much
of
your
friends’
lives
can
make
you
jealous
(嫉妒的),
but
it
won’t
make
you
lonely.
Jane,
a
former
student
of
mine,
who
is
back
in
New
York
after
living
abroad
for
ten
years,
told
me
that
Facebook
helps
her
a
lot.
The
first
time
she
moved
back
to
New
York
from
abroad,
she
felt
disconnected
from
her
family
and
friends.
Now,
because
of
lots
of
photos
and
information
updates
(更新),
she
knows
what
is
happening
with
her
friends
all
the
time.
In
fact,
if
you
are
lonely
in
real
life,
you
will
be
lonely
online
as
well．
—Sree
Sreenivasan,
Chief
Digital
Officer
4.
The
underlined
word
“isolated”
in
Paragraph
2
means
“________”．
A.
free B.
selfish
C.
careless
D.
lonely
5.
According
to
Sherry
Turkle,
we
should________.
A.
feel
satisfied
with
our
life
B.
avoid
using
social
networks
C.
keep
in
touch
with
our
friends
D.
enjoy
moments
of
loneliness
6.
What’s
Jane’s
attitude
towards
Facebook?
A.
Hopeful.
B.
Doubtful.
C.
Thankful.
D.
Regretful.
7.
The
purpose
of
the
text
is
to________．
A.
educate
B.
discuss
C.persuade
D.
introduce
C
Goldfish
have
pretty
boring
lives,
so
maybe
it’s
a
good
thing
that
they
can
only
concentrate
for
nine
seconds!
But
according
to
a
new
research,
humans
are
becoming
like
goldfish.
Our
attention
span
(时长)
is
getting
shorter
and
it’s
all
because
of
technology.
“We
move
quickly
from
one
site
to
another
on
the
web,”
says
Dr.Ted
Selker,
a
computer
scientist
from
Massachusetts,
“and
we
are
losing
the
ability
to
concentrate.”
With
millions
of
websites
to
choose
from,
the
attention
span
of
the
average
Internet
user
is
just
seconds.
There
are
other
digital
distractions
(分心)
too:
e?mail,
instant
messaging
and
quickie
movies
on
websites.
Some
people
are
worried
about
the
effect
on
young
people.
“You
need
time
to
understand
and
think
about
what
you
read,”says
Julia
Wood,
from
London.
“Young
people
search
the
net
all
the
time
and
their
brains
become
full
of
useless
information
but
there
is
no
time
to
make
sense
of
it.
I
am
trying
to
persuade
my
pupils
to
read
more
books,
so
that
they
concentrate
on
one
subject
for
longer.”
Other
teachers
are
trying
more
unusual
methods
to
improve
students’
concentration.
Anne
Savan,
from
Wales,
was
so
worried
about
her
students
that
she
started
playing
Mozart
during
her
science
lessons.
She
says
that
it
had
an
amazing
effect,
“The
music
made
them
calmer,
and
their
concentration
was
much
better.”
But
not
everyone
believes
that
there
is
a
problem.
Ray
Cole,
an
educational
psychologist
says,
“On
the
web,
young
people
learn
to
make
quick
decisions
about
what
is
and
isn’t
worth
reading.
They
might
look
at
five
unhelpful
websites
very
quickly,
before
stopping
and
reading
a
sixth
useful
website
more
carefully.
In
a
world
with
so
much
information
available,
this
is
an
important
skill.”
8.
Why
does
the
writer
mention
“goldfish”？
A.
To
analyze
data．
B.
To
introduce
a
topic．
C.
To
settle
problems．
D.
To
suggest
a
way
out．
9.
What
may
cause
a
shorter
attention
span
according
to
Dr.Ted
Selker?
A.
Skipping
around
the
Internet．
B.
Time
to
digest
information．
C.
Traditional
methods
of
reading．
D.
Making
decisions．
10.
What
will
help
students
overcome
a
short
attention
span?
A.
Receiving
emails．
B.
Texting
messages．
C.
Reading
more
books．
D.
Watching
quickie
movies．
11.
What
is
Ray
Cole’s
attitude
towards
looking
through
websites
quickly?
A.
Cautious． B.
Unfavorable．
C.
Skeptical．
D.
Supportive．
D
Do
you
have
trouble
trying
to
create
the
next
big
idea?
Sometimes
the
answer
isn’t
to
just
force
an
idea
out
of
your
mind.
Instead,
you
might
want
to
try
sitting
back,
relaxing
and
letting
your
mind
wander.
Yes,
you
heard
that
correctly.
If
you
are
in
need
of
a
new
idea,
try
daydreaming.
Researchers
from
the
university
of
California,
Santa
Barbara,
found
an
association
between
daydreaming
and
creative
problem-solving.
Their
study
includes
having
participants
first
do
an
“unusual-use
task”.
They
had
to
try
to
come
up
with
as
many
different
ways
to
use
an
object
as
they
could.
Then,
the
participants
chose
to
do
one
of
the
following
four
things
before
doing
the
“unusual-use
task”
again:
complete
a
difficult
task;
complete
an
easy
task;
take
a
12-minute
break;
or
skip
the
12-minute
break
and
move
right
on
to
the
task
exercise
again.
Surprisingly,
the
group
that
performed
best
was
the
one
that
completed
the
easy
task.
Many
participants
reported
that
they
were
daydreaming
while
performing
the
easy
task.
So
the
researchers
believed
that
this
daydreaming
might
have
helped
unlock
their
creativity.
But
how
could
daydreaming
help
the
brain
come
up
with
creative
ways?
The
answer
is
something
known
as
“unconscious
thought”.
Even
when
you
are
not
actively
working
to
solve
a
problem,
it
is
still
in
the
back
of
your
mind.
Your
brain
is
still
thinking
about
the
problem,
but
in
a
much
more
subtle
(不易察觉的)
way.
When
you
daydream,
your
mind
is
allowed
to
think
in
ways
it
normally
would
not.
Because
it
is
free
of
control,
it
can
create
completely
new
and
out-of-the-box
ideas.
Great
ideas
never
come
easily,
but
that
does
not
mean
you
always
have
to
work
hard
to
get
them.
Feel
free
to
do
what
you
want
and
let
your
mind
wander.
12.
The
“unusual-use
task”
in
Paragraph
2
means
that
participants
______.
A.
complete
an
easy
task
B.
complete
a
very
difficult
task
C.
take
a
12-minute
break
D.
think
of
various
ways
to
use
an
object
13.
Why
did
the
participants
who
completed
the
easy
task
perform
best?
A.
They
were
not
actively
working
to
solve
the
easy
task.
B.
They
daydreamed
and
it
helped
them
be
more
creative.
C.
They
were
daydreaming
while
performing
the
difficult
task.
D.
They
skipped
the
12-minute
break
to
complete
the
task
again.
14.
What
does
the
underlined
phrase
“unconscious
thought”
in
Paragraph
5
mean?
A.
Your
brain
wanders
in
a
subtle
way
within
your
control.
B.
Your
brain
knows
clearly
what
you’re
thinking
and
doing.
C.
Your
brain
is
thinking
about
a
problem
outside
of
your
awareness.
D.
Your
brain
refuses
to
receive
any
information
from
the
outside
world.
15.
The
passage
mainly
wants
to
tell
us
that
______.
A.
brainstorming
is
important
to
creative
ideas.
B.
daydreaming
is
a
way
to
improve
creativity.
C.
problem-solving
skills
are
important
in
our
lives.
D.
the
more
we
exercise
brains,
the
more
ideas
we’ll
get.
二、七选五（每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Five
Tips
for
Dealing
with
Your
Boss!
Do
you
have
the
best
boss
in
the
world?
Or
the
worst?
Either
way,
you
need
to
know
how
to
deal
with
him/her
if
you
want
to
be
happy
and
successful
at
work.
Here
are
our
top
tips.
Ask
There’s
a
saying
in
English,
“If
you
don’t
ask,
the
answer
will
always
be
no.”
Do
you
want
a
raise
or
a
holiday?
1．________
Yes,
sometimes
it’s
scary
(令人害怕的),
but
it’ll
be
easier
if
you
plan
what
you’re
going
to
say
first.
2．________
Work
can
be
stressful
(有压力的).
But
always
remember
to
keep
your
cool
when
dealing
with
your
boss.
If
you
stay
calm,
you’ll
earn
their
respect
(尊重).
If
you’re
unhappy
about
something,
wait
until
you’ve
calmed
down
before
speaking
to
him
or
her.
Get
it
in
writing
If
your
boss
promises
you
something
(like
a
raise
or
a
holiday),
ask
for
it
in
writing.
That
way
you’ll
have
a
paper
trail.
3．________
Understand
your
boss
Every
boss
has
a
different
management
style.
Is
yours
a
micro?manager
or
are
they
hands?off?
Are
they
organised
or
disorganised?
4．________
Understand
their
style
so
you
can
decide
how
to
work
with
them.
Get
along
well
with
your
boss
You
see
your
boss
a
lot.
Almost
as
much
as
you
see
your
family!
So
try
to
stay
on
good
terms
with
him
or
her.
5．________
A．Do
what
you
say
you’ll
do.
B．Learn
to
control
your
feelings.
C．Are
they
good
or
bad
communicators?
D．You
won’t
get
it
if
you
don’t
ask
your
boss.
E．You
should
tell
your
boss
when
you’ve
made
a
mistake.
F．If
they
suddenly
“forget”
what
they
said,
you
may
take
it
out.
G．If
the
relationship
breaks
down,
your
job
will
be
even
more
stressful.
A篇
1-3
CDC
B篇
4-7
DDCB
C篇
8-11
BACD
D篇
12-15
DBCB
五、1-5
DBFCG
17人教版高中英语（2019）必修二
Unit
3
语法与写作
知识点一：
现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态表示到现在为止某事已经被完成或被做。这种语法项目既要表示现在已经完成又要表示被动的含义，因此很多同学在具体运用中容易顾此失彼，难以把握。
运用现在完成时的被动语态时应掌握以下几个问题：
一、现在完成时的被动语态的常用句式
肯定式
主语＋have/has
been
done...
否定式
主语＋have/has
not
been
done...
一般疑问式
Have/Has＋主语＋been
done...？
特殊疑问式
疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been
done...？
A
new
network
has
been
set
up.
一个新的网络已经建立起来了。
To
Tom’s
disappointment，his
novel
has
not
been
published.
让汤姆失望的是，他的小说还没有被出版。
Has
his
bike
been
repaired?
他的自行车修好了吗？
How
many
residents
have
been
invited
to
the
conference？
有多少居民受到了参会邀请？
二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1．表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语so
far，by
now，up
till/to
now，since等连用。
The
database
has
already
been
updated.
数据库已经被更新了。(现在可以使用新的数据库了)
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于how
long引出的句子中。
The
machine
has
been
repaired
for
two
hours.
这台机器已经被修了两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修)
3．用在条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作。
You
shouldn’t
leave
school
before
your
homework
has
been
finished.
在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。
三、使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意6点问题
1．与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。
The
park
was
opened
to
the
public
last
year.
去年这个公园向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去)
The
park
has
been
opened
to
the
public.
这个公园已向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去，但对现在有影响，即现在公园已经向公众开放了)
2．非延续性动词，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。
The
work
was
finished
two
weeks
ago.
这项工作于两周前被完成。
The
work
has
been
finished.这项工作已经被完成。
3．短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。
It
is
said
that
the
problem
has
been
looked
into.
据说已经调查了这个问题。
4．只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
We
have
built
many
houses
in
the
past
ten
years.
→Many
houses
have
been
built
in
the
past
ten
years.
在过去的十年里我们建了很多房子。
5．带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，tell，pay，lend，pass，promise等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。
We
have
given
him
a
lot
of
cash.
→He
has
been
given
a
lot
of
cash.
→A
lot
of
cash
has
been
given
to
him.
我们给了他很多现金。
6．带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾补改为主语补足语。原来省略to的不定式作宾补的，被动语态中要用带to的不定式。
I
have
told
them
to
take
their
identity
cards.
→They
have
been
told
to
take
their
identity
cards.
我已经告诉他们要带上身份证。
课堂巩固
一.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．—Will
Peterson
come
to
our
graduation
ceremony(毕业典礼)?
—It’s
a
pity.He
_________(send)
to
India
as
a
volunteer
teacher.
2．It’s
said
that
a
new
software
__________(develop)．It
will
soon
be
on
sale.
3．Since
1958，they
___________(recognise)
as
the
national
theatre
of
Israel.
4．Our
classroom_________(clean)．You
needn’t
clean
it
now.
5．How
many
cars
__________(stick)
since
the
accident
happened?
6．Three
new
schools
___________(open)
in
our
city
in
the
past
five
years.
7．The
child__________(take)
care
of
by
his
grandma
all
these
years.
8．Up
to
now，no
conclusion(结论)
________(reach)
about
who
should
be
awarded
the
first
prize.
9．Fire
extinguishers(灭火器)
are
located
on
each
floor.You
can
use
them
only
if
you
__________(train)
to
do
so.
10．Great
changes________(take)
place
in
my
hometown
and
you
can
see
that
a
lot
of
factories
____________(set)
up.
二.单句写作。
11．听说李涛已被复旦大学录取我们很高兴。
______________________________________
12．何时何地去度假还没定下来。
______________________________________
13．纸币已经在世界上存在了1
000多年了。
______________________________________
14．人们的健康已经受到空气、噪音和水的极大影响。
______________________________________
15．公司最近给了他一个去海外工作的机会。
______________________________________
知识点二：写作
［文体指导］
解决问题类博文属于解决问题类说明文，其结构安排:
1.简要说明做某件事情需要解决的问题。
2.具体说明问题及解决办法。
3.简要说明这些问题解决后将会出现的结果。
写作时应注意以下三个方面：
1.此类书面表达通常为话题作文或看图作文，所以应仔细研读提示信息或图画，明确应围绕什么问题或现象展开评论。
2.围绕主题进行拓展。根据要求和提示信息合理安排篇章中各部分内容的比例，做到详略得当、条理清楚、文字简练。
3.时态：多采用一般现在时，但如果提示中给出了具体时间，可对时态进行相应的调整。
亮点句式
1.提建议的句型
We
must
learn
how
to...
My
tips
are
as
follows...
Only
in
this
way
can
we...
In
my
opinion,
the
best
way
to
solve
the
problem
is...
2.说明现象或问题的常用句型
We
must
have
a
correct
understanding
of...
But
every
coin
has
two
sides.
The
situation
many
people
are
facing
is
that...
To
start
with,
...The
second
reason
is...The
last
but
not
least
reason
is....
Faced
with
the
problem,
quite
a
few
people
argue
that...but
others...
3.得出结论
With
concerted
efforts
we
will
pull
through
the
difficulties.
With
the
help
of...we
can
manage
to
overcome
these
difficulties.
课堂练笔
未成年人特别是中学生沉溺网络，影响其身心健康发展，引发社会治安问题，成为大家关注的话题之一；同时，严厉打击网络低俗信息，给孩子创造一个干净、无污染的网络世界。根据以上信息就未成年人如何“安全、健康”上网及网络的利弊谈谈你的看法。
注意：
1.内容要点可用不同方式表达。
2.应紧扣主题，可适当发挥。
3.词数100左右。
布局谋篇
体裁
时态
主题
人称
结构
第一段：
第二段：
遣词造句
一．对接单元词汇
1.
now
that
由于，因为
2
benefit
our
study
使我们的学习受益
3.
update
our
knowledge
更新我们的知识
4.surf
the
Internet
网上冲浪；上网
5.
keep
in
mind
牢记
6.
keep
away
from
远离
二．巧用单元句式、语法
（一）完成句子
1.互联网并不总是安全和健康的。
The
Internet
is
not
always
safb
and
healthy
.
2.我们必须学会如何正确使用互联网，远离不健康的网站。
We
must
learn
how
to
correctly
use
the
Internet
to
keep
away
from
unhealthy
websites.
3.众所周知，互联网有它的优点和缺点。
We
all
know
that
the
Internet
has
its
advantages
and
its
disadvantages
4.我们可以在网上得到有用的信息，并使我们的学习受益。
We
can
get
the
useful
information
and
benefit
study
on
the
Internet.
5.我们应该记住，沉迷于上网会毁掉我们的生活和学习。
We
should
keep
in
mind
that
being
addicted
to
surfing
the
Internet
will
get
our
life
and
study
destroyed.
6.同时，长时间上网会使我们身体状况不佳。
Meanwhile,
surfing
the
Internet
long
will
make
us
not
in
shape.
（二）句式升级
7.用now
that合并句子1、2
Now
that
the
Internet
is
not
always
safe
and
healthy,
wc
must
learn
how
to
correctly
use
the
Internet
to
keep
away
firom
unhealthy
websites.
8.用as引导非限制性定语从句并用as
well
as升级句子3
As
we
all
know,
the
Internet
has
its
advantages
as
well
as
its
disadvantages.
【参考范文】
We
must
have
a
correct
understanding
of
the
Internet.
Now
that
the
Internet
is
not
always
safe
and
healthy,
we
must
learn
how
to
correctly
use
the
Internet
to
keep
away
from
unhealthy
websites.
Meanwhile,
society
is
to
strengthen
and
improve
the
protection
of
young
people.
As
we
all
know,
the
Internet
has
its
advantages
as
well
as
its
disadvantages.
We
can
get
the
useful
information
and
benefit
our
study
on
the
Internet.
Besides,
we
can
know
about
the
latest
news,
widen
our
field
of
vision,
and
update
our
knowledge.
But
every
coin
has
two
sides.
We
should
keep
in
mind
that
being
addicted
to
surfing
the
Internet
will
get
our
life
and
study
destroyed.
Meanwhile,
surfing
the
Internet
long
will
make
us
not
in
shape.
课堂巩固
一.应用文写作.
随着网络的发展，很多人给亲朋好友发电子贺卡表示问候和祝福。请根据以下提示，写一篇80词左右的博客，阐述电子贺卡的优越性。
1．传递速度快；
2．形式多种多样；
3．有利于保护环境；
4．可以播放动画和声音。
参考词汇：电子贺卡ecard 动画animation
二.
应用文写作.
随着网络的发展，人们消费观念的转变，购物方式也在悄然地发生变化。“网购”已成为一种时尚，越来越多的学生也正加入网购群体。请你根据以下提示，在你的博客上写一篇关于“网上购物”的文章。
优点：
1．足不出户，节约时间；
2．价格通常比较便宜；
3．可供选择的范围广，种类多。
缺点：
1．只能看到图片，看不到商品本身；
2．容易购买大量不太需要的东西，造成浪费。
课后作业
阅读理解
（每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文,
从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,
选出最佳选项。
A
Winter
is
a
very
special
time
in
Northern
Norway.
Winter
also
means
skiing,
and
Narvik
can
offer
some
of
the
best
skiing
in
Norway.
The
view
and
light
change
frequently
and
no
two
days
are
the
same.
For
many
people,
the
northern
lights
are
an
unforgettable
sight,
and
in
Narvik
the
sky
is
especially
clear
and
great
for
watching
at
night.
The
tourist
season
lasts
from
February
to
April,
although
May
can
be
fascinating
too,
often
with
fantastic
dry
snow
and
an
unbelievable
light
lasting
well
into
the
evening.
Ski
hire
It
is
possible
for
adults
and
children
to
hire
skiing
equipment
such
as
snowboards.
All
equipment
is
prepared
for
use.
If
you
would
like
to
book
your
equipment,
please
go
to
www..
Cross?country
skiing
There
are
12
kilometres
of
cross?country
ski
run
in
Narvik.
You
need
to
bring
your
own
skis
as
there
is
no
cross?country
hire.
However,
equipment
can
be
bought
at
local
sports
shops
in
and
around
Narvik.
Off?piste
skiing（非滑雪场地滑雪）
In
order
to
explore
Narvik’s
off?piste
opportunities,
you
need
to
know
the
dangers
when
choosing
routes.
It
is
suggested
that
you
bring
necessary
equipment
such
as
a
shovel
and
a
GPS
locator.
Ask
www.
for
an
experienced
guide.
With
a
guide
you
can
explore
Narvik’s
special
off?piste
areas
in
a
safe
manner.
Sometimes
it
is
nice
to
do
something
different
and
not
everybody
enjoys
skiing.
Then
you
can
go
horse?riding,
or
visit
the
local
museums.
Price
examples
for
the
2018/2019
season
Time
Children
(8?15
years)
Adults
1
day
NOK
230
NOK
325
3
days
NOK
590
NOK
835
5
days
NOK
815
NOK
1,170
7
days
NOK
970
NOK
1,375
Children
0-7
years
can
enjoy
the
service
for
free.
1.
In
Northern
Norway,
the
tourist
season
may
last
________.
A．one
month
B．two
months
C．three
months
D．four
months
2.
What
can
we
know
from
the
passage?
A．Narvik
is
located
in
the
south
of
Norway.
B．Narvik
is
open
to
adults
and
children
over
eight.
C．You
are
provided
with
skiing
equipment
for
free.
D．You
can
book
skiing
equipment
through
the
Internet.
3.
If
Mr.
and
Mrs.
Smith
stay
in
Narvik
with
their
six?year?old
daughter
for
three
days
in
2019,
they
should
pay
____________
.
A．NOK
1,160
B．NOK
1,425
C．NOK
1,670
D．NOK
2,260
B
The
idea
behind
Facebook
is
to
make
us
feel
connected
all
the
time.
But
in
my
research,
I’ve
found
that
the
truth
is
quite
different.
Technology,
it
turns
out,
has
made
being
alone
seem
like
a
problem
that
needs
solving.
When
young
people
are
alone,
even
for
a
minute
or
two,
they
feel
the
need
to
connect,
to
get
on
Facebook
or
some
other
social
networks
and
chat.
But
in
connecting,
they
often
end
up
feeling
more
isolated.
Why?
Because
by
being
in
constant
(不断的)
connection,
they
lose
the
ability
to
feel
satisfied
with
their
own
company.
Facebook
can
help
us
keep
in
touch
with
our
friends,
but
we
too
often
use
it
instead
of
spending
face?to?face
time
with
them.
And
since
we
feel
the
need
to
keep
up
with
them
online,
we
don’t
have
moments
of
loneliness
where
we
can
collect
our
thoughts
and
learn
how
to
be
comfortable
being
alone.
—Sherry
Turkle,
Professor
Facebook
connects
more
of
us
to
more
of
our
friends
and
family
in
more
places
than
we
have
ever
been
connected
before.
Yes,
Facebook
is
a
huge
time
sink—maybe
the
biggest
ever.
Many
people
post
useless
stuff.
And
seeing
too
much
of
your
friends’
lives
can
make
you
jealous
(嫉妒的),
but
it
won’t
make
you
lonely.
Jane,
a
former
student
of
mine,
who
is
back
in
New
York
after
living
abroad
for
ten
years,
told
me
that
Facebook
helps
her
a
lot.
The
first
time
she
moved
back
to
New
York
from
abroad,
she
felt
disconnected
from
her
family
and
friends.
Now,
because
of
lots
of
photos
and
information
updates
(更新),
she
knows
what
is
happening
with
her
friends
all
the
time.
In
fact,
if
you
are
lonely
in
real
life,
you
will
be
lonely
online
as
well．
—Sree
Sreenivasan,
Chief
Digital
Officer
4.
The
underlined
word
“isolated”
in
Paragraph
2
means
“________”．
A.
free B.
selfish
C.
careless
D.
lonely
5.
According
to
Sherry
Turkle,
we
should________.
A.
feel
satisfied
with
our
life
B.
avoid
using
social
networks
C.
keep
in
touch
with
our
friends
D.
enjoy
moments
of
loneliness
6.
What’s
Jane’s
attitude
towards
Facebook?
A.
Hopeful.
B.
Doubtful.
C.
Thankful.
D.
Regretful.
7.
The
purpose
of
the
text
is
to________．
A.
educate
B.
discuss
C.persuade
D.
introduce
C
Goldfish
have
pretty
boring
lives,
so
maybe
it’s
a
good
thing
that
they
can
only
concentrate
for
nine
seconds!
But
according
to
a
new
research,
humans
are
becoming
like
goldfish.
Our
attention
span
(时长)
is
getting
shorter
and
it’s
all
because
of
technology.
“We
move
quickly
from
one
site
to
another
on
the
web,”
says
Dr.Ted
Selker,
a
computer
scientist
from
Massachusetts,
“and
we
are
losing
the
ability
to
concentrate.”
With
millions
of
websites
to
choose
from,
the
attention
span
of
the
average
Internet
user
is
just
seconds.
There
are
other
digital
distractions
(分心)
too:
e?mail,
instant
messaging
and
quickie
movies
on
websites.
Some
people
are
worried
about
the
effect
on
young
people.
“You
need
time
to
understand
and
think
about
what
you
read,”says
Julia
Wood,
from
London.
“Young
people
search
the
net
all
the
time
and
their
brains
become
full
of
useless
information
but
there
is
no
time
to
make
sense
of
it.
I
am
trying
to
persuade
my
pupils
to
read
more
books,
so
that
they
concentrate
on
one
subject
for
longer.”
Other
teachers
are
trying
more
unusual
methods
to
improve
students’
concentration.
Anne
Savan,
from
Wales,
was
so
worried
about
her
students
that
she
started
playing
Mozart
during
her
science
lessons.
She
says
that
it
had
an
amazing
effect,
“The
music
made
them
calmer,
and
their
concentration
was
much
better.”
But
not
everyone
believes
that
there
is
a
problem.
Ray
Cole,
an
educational
psychologist
says,
“On
the
web,
young
people
learn
to
make
quick
decisions
about
what
is
and
isn’t
worth
reading.
They
might
look
at
five
unhelpful
websites
very
quickly,
before
stopping
and
reading
a
sixth
useful
website
more
carefully.
In
a
world
with
so
much
information
available,
this
is
an
important
skill.”
8.
Why
does
the
writer
mention
“goldfish”？
A.
To
analyze
data．
B.
To
introduce
a
topic．
C.
To
settle
problems．
D.
To
suggest
a
way
out．
9.
What
may
cause
a
shorter
attention
span
according
to
Dr.Ted
Selker?
A.
Skipping
around
the
Internet．
B.
Time
to
digest
information．
C.
Traditional
methods
of
reading．
D.
Making
decisions．
10.
What
will
help
students
overcome
a
short
attention
span?
A.
Receiving
emails．
B.
Texting
messages．
C.
Reading
more
books．
D.
Watching
quickie
movies．
11.
What
is
Ray
Cole’s
attitude
towards
looking
through
websites
quickly?
A.
Cautious． B.
Unfavorable．
C.
Skeptical．
D.
Supportive．
D
Do
you
have
trouble
trying
to
create
the
next
big
idea?
Sometimes
the
answer
isn’t
to
just
force
an
idea
out
of
your
mind.
Instead,
you
might
want
to
try
sitting
back,
relaxing
and
letting
your
mind
wander.
Yes,
you
heard
that
correctly.
If
you
are
in
need
of
a
new
idea,
try
daydreaming.
Researchers
from
the
university
of
California,
Santa
Barbara,
found
an
association
between
daydreaming
and
creative
problem-solving.
Their
study
includes
having
participants
first
do
an
“unusual-use
task”.
They
had
to
try
to
come
up
with
as
many
different
ways
to
use
an
object
as
they
could.
Then,
the
participants
chose
to
do
one
of
the
following
four
things
before
doing
the
“unusual-use
task”
again:
complete
a
difficult
task;
complete
an
easy
task;
take
a
12-minute
break;
or
skip
the
12-minute
break
and
move
right
on
to
the
task
exercise
again.
Surprisingly,
the
group
that
performed
best
was
the
one
that
completed
the
easy
task.
Many
participants
reported
that
they
were
daydreaming
while
performing
the
easy
task.
So
the
researchers
believed
that
this
daydreaming
might
have
helped
unlock
their
creativity.
But
how
could
daydreaming
help
the
brain
come
up
with
creative
ways?
The
answer
is
something
known
as
“unconscious
thought”.
Even
when
you
are
not
actively
working
to
solve
a
problem,
it
is
still
in
the
back
of
your
mind.
Your
brain
is
still
thinking
about
the
problem,
but
in
a
much
more
subtle
(不易察觉的)
way.
When
you
daydream,
your
mind
is
allowed
to
think
in
ways
it
normally
would
not.
Because
it
is
free
of
control,
it
can
create
completely
new
and
out-of-the-box
ideas.
Great
ideas
never
come
easily,
but
that
does
not
mean
you
always
have
to
work
hard
to
get
them.
Feel
free
to
do
what
you
want
and
let
your
mind
wander.
12.
The
“unusual-use
task”
in
Paragraph
2
means
that
participants
______.
A.
complete
an
easy
task
B.
complete
a
very
difficult
task
C.
take
a
12-minute
break
D.
think
of
various
ways
to
use
an
object
13.
Why
did
the
participants
who
completed
the
easy
task
perform
best?
A.
They
were
not
actively
working
to
solve
the
easy
task.
B.
They
daydreamed
and
it
helped
them
be
more
creative.
C.
They
were
daydreaming
while
performing
the
difficult
task.
D.
They
skipped
the
12-minute
break
to
complete
the
task
again.
14.
What
does
the
underlined
phrase
“unconscious
thought”
in
Paragraph
5
mean?
A.
Your
brain
wanders
in
a
subtle
way
within
your
control.
B.
Your
brain
knows
clearly
what
you’re
thinking
and
doing.
C.
Your
brain
is
thinking
about
a
problem
outside
of
your
awareness.
D.
Your
brain
refuses
to
receive
any
information
from
the
outside
world.
15.
The
passage
mainly
wants
to
tell
us
that
______.
A.
brainstorming
is
important
to
creative
ideas.
B.
daydreaming
is
a
way
to
improve
creativity.
C.
problem-solving
skills
are
important
in
our
lives.
D.
the
more
we
exercise
brains,
the
more
ideas
we’ll
get.
二、七选五（每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Five
Tips
for
Dealing
with
Your
Boss!
Do
you
have
the
best
boss
in
the
world?
Or
the
worst?
Either
way,
you
need
to
know
how
to
deal
with
him/her
if
you
want
to
be
happy
and
successful
at
work.
Here
are
our
top
tips.
Ask
There’s
a
saying
in
English,
“If
you
don’t
ask,
the
answer
will
always
be
no.”
Do
you
want
a
raise
or
a
holiday?
1．________
Yes,
sometimes
it’s
scary
(令人害怕的),
but
it’ll
be
easier
if
you
plan
what
you’re
going
to
say
first.
2．________
Work
can
be
stressful
(有压力的).
But
always
remember
to
keep
your
cool
when
dealing
with
your
boss.
If
you
stay
calm,
you’ll
earn
their
respect
(尊重).
If
you’re
unhappy
about
something,
wait
until
you’ve
calmed
down
before
speaking
to
him
or
her.
Get
it
in
writing
If
your
boss
promises
you
something
(like
a
raise
or
a
holiday),
ask
for
it
in
writing.
That
way
you’ll
have
a
paper
trail.
3．________
Understand
your
boss
Every
boss
has
a
different
management
style.
Is
yours
a
micro?manager
or
are
they
hands?off?
Are
they
organised
or
disorganised?
4．________
Understand
their
style
so
you
can
decide
how
to
work
with
them.
Get
along
well
with
your
boss
You
see
your
boss
a
lot.
Almost
as
much
as
you
see
your
family!
So
try
to
stay
on
good
terms
with
him
or
her.
5．________
A．Do
what
you
say
you’ll
do.
B．Learn
to
control
your
feelings.
C．Are
they
good
or
bad
communicators?
D．You
won’t
get
it
if
you
don’t
ask
your
boss.
E．You
should
tell
your
boss
when
you’ve
made
a
mistake.
F．If
they
suddenly
“forget”
what
they
said,
you
may
take
it
out.
G．If
the
relationship
breaks
down,
your
job
will
be
even
more
stressful.
14
