人教版高中英语（2019）必修二
Unit
4
语法与写作
知识点一：
过去分词作定语补语
判断划线部分所作的句子成分并翻译。
1.
Most
people
just
use
the
shortened
name:
"the
United
Kingdom"
or
"the
UK".定语
2.They
use
the
same
flag,
known
as
the
Union
Jack,
as
well
as
share
the
same
currency
and
military
defence.
定语
3.
They
had
castles
built
all
around
England,
and
made
changes
to
the
legal
system.宾补
4.
Chinese
archaeologists
have
found
six
new
sacrificial
pits
and
unearthed
more
than
500
items
dating
back
to
about
3,000
years
at
the
Sanxingdui
Ruins
in
southwest
China's
Sichuan
Province.定语
一、过去分词作定语
（一）定语的概念
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。?汉语中常用“……的”表示，定语的位置一般有两种：前置定语和后置定语。
（二）过去分词作定语的位置。
1.
Polluted
air
and
water
are
harmful
to
people's
health.
2.
We
needed
much
more
qualified
workers
to
do
this
job.
3.
They
use
the
same
flag,
known
as
the
Union
Jack…
4.
Come
and
read
the
poem
written
by
an
eight?year?old
boy!
【我的领悟】
单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的________，如例句1、2；过去分词短语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的_________，如例句3、4。
前面
后面
（三）过去分词作后置定语
1.
The
meeting
held
yesterday
is
of
great
importance.
＝The
meeting
which
was
held
yesterday
is
of
great
importance.
昨天举行的会议非常重要。
2.
The
girl
dressed
in
white
is
my
sister.?
=The
girl
who
is
dressed
in
white
is
my
sister.
穿白色衣服的女孩是我的妹妹。
【我的领悟】
过去分词短语作定语时往往后置，它的作用相当于一个___________。
定语从句
【即学即练】句型转换。
1.
The
yoga
club
opened
last
month
is
popular
among
women
teachers.
The
yoga
club
_________________
last
month
is
popular
among
women
teachers.
2.
The
island
which
is
joined
to
the
mainland
by
a
bridge
is
easy
to
go
to.
The
island
_____
to
the
mainland
by
a
bridge
is
easy
to
go
to.
which
was
opened；joined
（四）过去分词作定语的意义
1.
Polluted
air
and
water
are
harmful
to
people's
health.
被污染的空气和水对人的健康有害。
2.
He
is
a
teacher
loved
by
his
students.
他是一位深受学生爱戴的老师。
【我的领悟】
及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示_______；在时间上，常表示动作已经_______。
被动；完成
3.
The
risen
sun
is
shining
brightly
in
the
morning.
早上已升起的太阳正明亮地照耀着。
4.
There
are
many
fallen
leaves
on
the
ground.
地面上有很多落叶。
【我的领悟】
不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只强调动作________。完成
【归纳】过去分词作定语用法：表_______
或__________.
被动；完成
【即学即练】选择填空
过去分词作定语有三种情况，请判断下列句子中加黑部分属于哪种情况。
A．只表示被动
B．只表示完成
C．既表示被动又表示完成
1.
America
is
a
developed
country.
________
2.
I
found
it
hard
to
understand
the
English
spoken
by
the
native
villagers.
_______
3.
Is
there
anything
planned
for
the
weekend？
__________
B
A
C
★（五）过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别
1.
The
building
built
last
year
is
our
teaching
building.（被动）
2.
America
is
a
developed
country.
（完成）
3.
The
man
standing
there
is
our
teacher.
(主动)
4.
As
we
all
know,
China
is
a
developing
country.（进行）
形式
语态
时态
过去分词
现在分词
（六）解题技巧点拨
1.
找被修饰词；
2.
判断所给动词与被修饰词的关系（主动/被动）
3.
确定答案
【即学即练1】单句语法填空
1.
Mr.
Brown's
room,
_____
(fill)
with
all
kinds
of
books,
looks
like
a
small
library.
2.
You
must
make
every
effort
to
improve
your
________
(speak)
English.
3.
Many
(use)
computers
will
be
sold
in
this
market.
4.
Today,
there
are
many
people
________(visit)
the
park
every
day.
答案：Filled；spoken；used；visiting
【即学即练2】单项选择题
1.
In
some
languages,
100
words
make
up
half
of
all
words________
in
daily
conversations.
A．using
B．to
use
C．having
used
D．used
2.
You
cannot
accept
an
opinion
________to
you
unless
it
is
based
on
facts.
A．offering
B．to
offer
C．having
offered
D．offered
3.
Ask
that
man
_____
over
there
to
leave
at
once.
A.
standing
B.
to
stand
C.
stood
D.
stands
答案：D
D
A
二、过去分词作宾补
(一)宾补：宾语补足语，用来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，简称宾补。
（二）过去分词作宾补用法
1.
He
passed
away，leaving
his
works
unfinished.
他去世了，留下他的著作还未完成。
2.
He
wants
to
have/get
his
eyes
examined
tomorrow.
他明天想去检查眼睛。
3.
They
managed
to
make
themselves
understood
by
using
very
simple
English.
他们用很浅易的英语来设法使自己被理解。
4.
When
we
saw
the
road
blocked
with
snow,
we
decided
to
spend
the
holiday
at
home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家过假期。
5.
The
next
morning
people
found
the
world
outside
their
houses
completely
changed.
第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变样了。
6.
The
manager
ordered
the
work
finished
at
the
end
of
this
week.
经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。
7.
With
every
problem
settled,
he
began
to
think
of
a
journey.
每一个问题解决后，他开始考虑旅行。
【归纳】
1．过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,
leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。
2．过去分词用在使役动词have/get和make的后面作宾语补足语。
(1)“have/get＋______＋______”表示“让别人做某事”。
(2)“make＋_________＋______”
表示“让自己被…”。
3．过去分词用在______动词：see,
hear,
notice,
observe,
watch,
feel,
find等后作宾语补足语。
4．表示“意愿，命令”的动词，如like,
want,
wish,
expect,
order等可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
5．过去分词用在“______
＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中。
过去分词作宾补与宾语之间的关系是________关系。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
1．When
he
woke
up,
he
found
himself
________
(surround)
by
a
group
of
children.
2．If
you
want
to
make
yourself
________(respect),
you
are
above
all
to
respect
yourself.
3．Before
driving
into
the
city,
you
are
required
to
get
your
car
_______
(wash).
4.
With
his
work
_______
(finish),
he
gladly
accepted
an
invitation
to
a
dinner.
答案：Surrounded；respected；washed；finished
课堂巩固
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
correct
form:
The
film_________
(intend)
for
children
was
very
interesting.
2.
One
day
when
Laennec
was
walking
in
the
park，he
saw
some
girls
________(play)with
a
see－saw(跷跷板)．
3.
From
then
on，his
fear
of
talking
before
a
big
audience
disappeared.
Actually
Jack
had
his
confidence
______(build)
up.
Now
he
turns
out
to
be
a
good
speaker.
4.
You
can
imagine
how
terribly
shy
I
was
the
moment
I
thought
of
that
with
so
many
eyes______
(fix)
upon
me.
5.
One
day，he
lost
a
small
bag
__________(contain)50
gold
coins.
6.
A
US
TV
show______(call)
A
Walk
in
Your
Shoes
gives
people
the
chance
to
try.
7.
There
are
still
many
problems____________(solve)
before
we
are
ready
for
a
long
stay
on
the
Moon.
Forest
fires
are
often
caused
by_______(break)glass
or
by
cigarette
ends
which
people
carelessly
throw
away.
Listening
to
music
at
home
is
one
thing，going
to
hear
it
______________(perform)live
is
quite
another.
Our
teacher
walked
into
the
room
quietly
in
order
not
to
make
himself
_________(notice).
Lucy
has
a
great
sense
of
humour
and
always
keeps
her
collegues
_______(amuse)
with
her
stories.
答案：intended；playing；built；fixed；containing；called；to
be
solved；broken；being
performed；noticed；amused
_________(situate)
in
the
city
of
Guanghan,
southwest
China's
Sichuan
Province,
the
Sanxingdui
Ruins
site
is
considered
one
of
the
most
significant
ancient
remains______
(find)
in
the
20th
century.
Situated;found
What
__________(astonish)
the
archaeologists
most
about
this
gold
mask
is
its
large
size:
23
centimeters
wide
and
28
centimeters
high.
Although
only
about
half
of
the
gold
mask
was
__________(excavate),
it's
so
far
the
largest
of
its
kind
found
in
the
primary
stage
of
the
Chinese
civilization,
____________(weigh)
280
grams.
Astonished;excavated;weighing
13.Similar
gold
masks,
though
severely
_________(damage),
were
also
unearthed
from
the
No.
2
sacrificial
pit.
damaged
14.Chinese
archaeologists
for
the
first
time
are
using
3D
scanning
and
printing
technology
to
make
well-fitting
casings
for
relics__________
(unearth)
from
the
5,000-year
old
Sanxingdui
Ruins
in
southwest
China's
Sichuan
Province
on
March
20.
Thirty-five
years
later,
Chinese
archaeologists___________
(undertake)
a
second
excavation
have
uncovered
six
more
sacrificial
pits
at
Sanxingdui,
in
addition
to
the
original
two.
Lei
Yu
also
shares
his
personal
story,
________(explain)
how
new
archaeological
techniques
are
being
employed,
and
offers
his
views
on
the
current
craze
for
archaeology
in
China.
Unearthed;undertaking;explains
知识点二：写作
Describe
an
interesting,
exciting,
or
surprising
place.
本单元的写作项目是旅游景点的描写，属于介绍类说明文，写好这类文章，要注意下列问题。
1.不宜过多介绍景点。我们可以介绍一下景点的历史、特色以及它在当地的地位。
2.这种文章是客观的介绍。通常介绍其地理位置、面积、气候、自然资源和居民等，可以根据题目要求加上自己的评论。
3.组织这类文章的结构，要注意安排好说明顺序，描述要详略得当，重点突出，使文章错落有致。
4.描述地点时需要我们准确掌握表示方位的词或短语。
5.
此类文章的时态主要以一般现在时态为主。
Step
1:
Work
in
pairs.?Choose
one
of
your
favorite
places
and
tell
a
partner
why
you
think
it
is
interesting,
exciting,
or
surprising.
Step
2:
Use
the
questions
below
to
describe
the
place
you
have
chosen.
1.What
can
you
see?
2.How
does
the
place
feel?
3.What
can
you
taste
there?
4.What
can
you
hear?
5.How
does
the
place
feel?
6.What
does
the
place
make
you
think
or
feel?
Sample
writing
In
my
village,
every
day
starts
with
a
"fire"!
The
houses
turn
red
as
the
sun
rises
above
the
mountains.
Seeing
the
flames,
the
roosters
sound
the
alarm.
They
wake
everyone
in
the
village
with
their
loud
cries,
chasing
the
children
to
school
and
rushing
the
adults
to
work.
In
the
evening,
a
gold
haze
settles
over
everything.
This
is
my
favourite
time
of
the
day,
when
all
work
for
the
day
has,
been
completed.
When
the
smell
of
hot
oil
and
fragrant
spices
float
through
the
air,
I
know
that
it
will
soon
be
time
for
dinner.
My
neighbours
begin
to
call
to
their
children
to
come
home.
The
birds
begin
their
nightly
quarrel
over
their
favourite
places
to
rest.
At
night,
the
stars
come
out
to
tell
us
that
all
is
well
and
my
village
grows
quiet.
For
now
we'll
sleep,
and
tomorrow
the
sun
will
set
us
on
fire
again
for
a
new
day!
积“黄金”词句，写高分文章
一、常用的开头语
1．It
is
located/lies
in
...,
with
an
area
of
...
2．It
covers
an
area
of
...,
with
a
history
of
...
3．...,
located
in
...
and
covering
an
area
of
...,
is
one
of
China's
most
famous
scenic
spots.
4．The
history
of
...
dates
back
to
...
5．It
has
become
the
most
popular
tourist
attraction
since
...
二、主体部分常用表达
1．There
are
many
places
of
interest,
such
as
...
2．You
can
enjoy
...,
which
has
a
high
reputation
both
at
home
and
abroad.
3．With
...,
...
is/are
attracting
more
and
more
tourists.
4．An
interesting
feature
of
...
is
...
5．With
its
pleasant
climate,
rich
natural
resources
and
beautiful
scenery,
...
is
one
of
China's
major
tourist
cities.
6．A
trip
along
...
will
enable
you
to
get
to
know
...
三、常用的结束语
1．...
is
well
worth
visiting.
2．...
is
a
place
you
have
to
visit
and
the
extraordinary
view
will
make
you
unwilling
to
leave.
[即时练——靓句带你飞]
完成句子
1．这里风景优美、空气新鲜，吸引着一些来自世界各地的游客。
The
scenery
is
beautiful
and
the
air
is
fresh,
_____________________________________________.
2．一到达山顶，我们就深深地被这里的美丽风景所吸引了。
______________________
the
hill,
we
__________________
___
the
beautiful
scenery.
3．众所周知，华山以它险峻的悬崖和独一无二的特征而出名。
___________________,
Mount
Hua
_____________
its
breathtaking
cliffs
and
its
unique
characteristics.
4．坐落在山顶的寺庙见证了这个地区的许多变化。
________________________________,
the
temple
____
_____________________
in
this
area.
5．泰山位于山东省境内，占地约426平方千米，
是中国五岳之首。
Mount
Tai,
_________
Shandong
Province
and
________________
426
square
kilometres,
is
the
first
of
China's
Five
Mountains.
答案：
which
attracts
a
number
of
tourists
all
over
the
world/
worldwide.
On
reaching
the
top
of
the
hill,
we
were
deeply
attracted
by
As
is
known
to
all,
is
famous
for
Standing
on
the
top
of
the
mountain,
has
witnessed
many
changes
5.
Located
in,
covering
课堂巩固
（1）假定你是李华，你有一位英国网友，名叫Tom，他听说了中国的故宫，但对其知道的不多，于是给你发来一封电子邮件，请你给他介绍有关故宫的一些情况。请根据下面提供的一些要点给他回一封电子邮件：
1．故宫(the
Palace
Museum)又叫紫禁城(the
Forbidden
City)。
2．它于1406年开始建造，于1420年建成。
3．相传它有殿宇宫室9,999间。在传统上，中国人认为9是一个吉利的数字。
4．故宫存放着有上千年历史的珍宝(precious
treasures)。请他亲自来看一看。
注意：
1．词数80左右：
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear
Tom，
It
is
nice
to
receive
your
e?mail.
Now
I'd
like
to
tell
you
something
about
the
Palace
Museum.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li
Hua
Dear
Mike，
Dear
Tom，
It
is
nice
to
receive
your
e?mail.
Now
I'd
like
to
tell
you
something
about
the
Palace
Museum.
The
Palace
Museum,
also
referred
to
as
the
Forbidden
City,
is
a
fascinating
tourist
attraction.
It
took
nearly
14
years
to
build
and
was
completed
in
1420.
As
the
largest
museum
in
China,
the
Palace
Museum
holds
precious
treasures
from
the
past
thousands
of
years
of
Chinese
history.
It's
not
surprising
that
its
temples
and
palaces
amount
to
9,999
because
nine
is
traditionally
considered
as
a
lucky
number
by
Chinese
people.
I
do
hope
you
can
come
to
China
and
take
a
look
at
this
museum
with
your
own
eyes.
I'm
sure
you
are
more
than
likely
to
be
attracted.
Best
wishes.
Yours，
Li
Hua
（2）假设你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Nick
将于10月来四川旅游，特来信询问有关旅游景点的情况。请根据下表所提供的要点，写一封回信，并表示盼望他的到来。
旅游资源
许多世界著名的风景名胜，如九寨沟(湖水清澈见底；色彩斑斓)和都江堰水利工程(2,000多年的历史；
仍在发挥作用)
相关信息
气候适宜；交通便利
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；
3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：都江堰水利工程Dujiangyan
Irrigation
Project
Dear
Nick，
I'm
glad
to
hear
that
you're
coming
to
Sichuan
in
October.
Yours
sincerely，
Li
Hua
Dear
Nick，
I'm
glad
to
hear
that
you're
coming
to
Sichuan
in
October.
You've
made
the
wise
choice
to
travel
here.
Sichuan
Province
is
rich
in
tourist
attractions
and
enjoys
many
world－famous
places
of
interest,
such
as
Jiuzhaigou
and
Dujiangyan
Irrigation
Project.
Jiuzhaigou
is
well－known
for
its
beautiful
lakes,
of
which
the
water
is
clear
and
looks
colorful.
It
can
excite
visitors'
imagination.
Another
attraction
is
Dujiangyan
Irrigation
Project.
It
was
built
over
2,000
years
ago
and
is
still
playing
an
important
part
in
irrigation
today.
Besides,
the
nice
weather
and
convenient
transportation
here
can
make
your
trip
more
enjoyable.
I'm
sure
you'll
have
a
good
time.
I'm
looking
forward
to
your
coming.
Yours
sincerely，
Li
Hua
课后作业
一．阅读理解。
A
nickname
is
a
shortened
form
of
a
person’s
name.
A
nickname
can
also
be
a
descriptive
name
for
a
person,
place
or
thing.
Many
American
cities
have
nicknames.
These
can
help
establish
an
identity,
spread
pride
among
citizens
and
build
unity.
Nicknames
can
also
be
funny.
Los
Angeles,
California
is
the
second
largest
city
in
population,
after
New
York
City.
Los
Angeles
has
several
nicknames.
One
is
simply
the
city’s
initials,
L.A.
It
is
also
called
the
City
of
Angels
because
Los
Angeles
means
“the
angels”
in
Spanish.
Los
Angeles
often
has
warm,
sunny
weather.
So
another
nickname
is
City
of
Flowers
and
Sunshine.
New
York
is
called
the
Big
Apple.
So
Los
Angeles
is
sometimes
called
the
Big
Orange
because
of
the
fruit
that
grows
in
that
city’s
warm
climate.
The
American
cartoon
and
television
industries
are
based
in
Los
Angeles.
So
it
is
not
surprising
that
it
is
called
the
Entertainment
Capital
of
the
World.
Many
films
are
made
in
the
area
of
Los
Angeles
called
Hollywood.
Millions
of
people
visit
the
area.
No
trip
to
Los
Angeles
is
complete
without
seeing
the
word
“Hollywood”
spelled
out
in
huge
letters
on
a
hillside.?
Many
movie
stars
live
in
Los
Angeles.
The
city
is
sometimes
called
Tinseltown.
This
nickname
comes
from
the
shiny,
bright
and
often
unreal
nature
of
Hollywood
and
the
movie
industry.
Another
nickname
for
Los
Angeles
is
La-La
Land,
using
the
first
letters
of
Los
and
Angeles.
This
means
a
place
that
is
fun
and
not
serious,
and
maybe
even
out
of
touch
with
reality.
A
good
place
for
watching
unusual-looking
people
is
Venice,
an
area
on
the
west
side
of
Los
Angeles.
A
system
of
waterways
designed
after
the
Italian
city
of
Venice
has
been
built
there.
Many
people
love
Los
Angeles
for
its
warm
sunny
weather,
beautiful
mountains
and
beaches,
and
movie
stars.
That
includes
Randy
Newman,
who
sings
about
his
hometown.
1.
Which
of
the
following
is
not
the
function
of
a
nickname
of
a
place?
A.
Building
up
identity.
B.
Entertainment.
C.
Bringing
pride
to
the
locals.
D.
Uniting
surrounding
cities.
2.
What
does
the
underlined
sentence
suggest
in
Paragraph
4?
A.
Tourists
should
pay
a
visit
to
the
big
letters
“Hollywood”
on
a
hillside.
B.
The
word
“Hollywood”
is
so
large
that
tourists
can’t
miss
it.
C.
The
big
letters
“Hollywood”
on
a
hillside
is
your
first
destination.
D.
Tourists
are
proud
of
seeing
the
big
word
“Hollywood”.
3.
How
many
nicknames
have
been
given
to
Los
Angeles?
A.
4.
B.
5.
C.
6.
D.
7.
4.
What
can
we
infer
from
the
text?
A.
Los
Angeles
is
most
famous
for
its
nicknames.
B.
Hollywood
alone
adds
fame
to
Los
Angeles.
C.
All
the
nicknames
make
Los
Angeles
more
attractive.
D.
Los
Angeles
was
built
after
the
Italian
city
of
Venice.
答案：DADC
七选五。
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Perhaps
you
have
heard
the
expression
“When
in
Rome,
do
as
the
Romans
do”.
So
when
you
want
to
do
business
in
France,
you
have
to
get
to
know
French
culture,
make
marketing
plans,
and
run
your
business
by
local
laws.
___1___
The
French
take
great
pride
in
their
language,
so
anyone
who
does
not
speak
it
may
run
the
risk
of
being
disrespected
by
his
French
colleagues
or
business
partners.
Also,
another
reason
why
learning
French
is
important
is
that
it
is
a
great
way
to
show
every
possible
French
business
partner
that
you
care
and
respect
their
country’s
culture
and
language.
The
first
thing
that
you
should
do
when
meeting
someone
new
is
to
shake
his
hand
firmly
and
always
look
at
the
person
in
the
eye.
In
social
meetings
with
friends,
kissing
is
common.
Use
first
names
only
after
being
invited
to.
___2___
The
French
will
sometimes
introduce
themselves
using
their
surname
first,
followed
by
their
first
name.
Dress
well.
___3___
Your
business
clothing
is
a
reflection
of
your
success
and
social
status.
Always
try
to
be
tasteful
and
stylish.
Women
are
advised
to
dress
simply
but
elegantly.
Wearing
make-up
is
practiced
widely
by
businesswomen.
The
French
are
passionate
about
food,
so
lunches
are
common
in
doing
business
in
France,
which
usually
consist
of
an
appetizer（开胃菜）,
main
meal
with
wine,
cheese,
dessert
and
coffee,
and
normally
take
up
to
two
hours.
___4___
Do
not
begin
eating
until
the
host
says
“bon
appetite”.
Pass
dishes
to
the
left,
keep
wrists
above
the
table
and
try
to
eat
everything
on
the
plate.
___5___
This
may
suggest
that
you
find
the
food
tasteless.
If
eating
in
a
restaurant,
the
person
who
invites
always
pays.
A.
Remember
to
be
as
polite
as
possible.
B.
This
is
a
time
for
relationship
building.
C.
Use
Monsieur
or
Madame
before
the
surname.
D.
Be
careful
with
adding
salt,
pepper
or
sauces
to
your
food.
E.
Make
an
appointment
with
your
business
partner
in
advance.
F.
The
French
draw
information
about
people
based
on
their
appearance.
G.
Language
should
be
the
focus
of
anyone
planning
to
do
business
in
France.
答案：GCFBD
完形填空。
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Whenever
my
child
caused
me
to
change
my
schedule,
I
thought
to
myself,
“We
don’t
have
time
for
this.”
1
,
the
two
words
I
most
commonly
spoke
to
my
child
were:
“Hurry
up”.
But
my
promise
to
2
was
made
almost
three
years
ago,
and
I
began
my
journey
to
grasp
what
matters
in
life.
My
younger
daughter
is
my
living
3
of
why
I
must
keep
trying.
In
fact,
the
other
day,
she
reminded
me
once
again.
The
two
of
us
had
taken
a
bike
ride
to
the
4
.
After
buying
a
cool
treat
for
my
daughter,
she
sat
down
at
a
table
in
5
admiring
the
ice
cream
she
held
in
her
hand.
Suddenly
a
look
of
worry
turn
up
on
her
face.
“Do
I
have
to
rush,
Mama?”
I
could
have
6
.
Perhaps
the
pains
of
a
7
life
don’t
ever
completely
disappear,
I
thought
sadly.
As
my
child
looked
up
at
me
waiting
to
know
8
she
could
take
her
time,
I
knew
I
had
a(n)
9
.
I
could
sit
there
10
about
the
number
of
times
when
I
rushed
my
child
through
life….or
I
could
celebrate
the
fact
that
today
I’m
trying
to
do
things
differently.
I
chose
to
live
in
today.
“You
don’t
have
to
rush.
Just
take
your
time,”
I
said
in
an
gentle
way.
Her
whole
face
instantly
brightened
and
her
shoulders
11
.
And
so
we
sat
side
by
side
talking
about
things
that
interested
us.
When
she
got
to
the
last
bite,
she
held
out
a
spoonful
of
ice
crystals
and
sweet
juice
for
me.
“I
12
the
last
bite
for
you,
Mama,”
my
daughter
said
13
.
As
I
let
the
icy
goodness
put
out
my
thirst,
I
14
I
just
got
the
deal
of
a
lifetime.
I
gave
my
child
a
little
time…
and
15
,
she
gave
me
her
last
bite
and
reminded
me
that
things
taste
sweeter
and
love
is
easier
to
get
when
you
stop
rushing
through
life.
1.
A.
However
B.
Instead
C.
Therefore
D.
Besides
2.
A.
speed
up
B.
slow
down
C.
give
up
D.
keep
on
3.
A.
reminder
B.
message
C.
example
D.
guide
4.
A.
church
B.
park
C.
supermarket
D.
school
5.
A.
relief
B.
sorrow.
C.
advance
D.
delight
6.
A.
cried
B.
hated
C.
wondered
D.
regretted
7.
A.
difficult
B.
desperate
C.
hurried
D.
terrified
8.
A.
when
B.
if
C.
how
D.
what
9.
A.
duty
B.
chance
C.
choice
D.
idea
10.
A.
thinking
B.
complaining
C.
worrying
D.
talking
11.
A.
raised
B.
relaxed
C.
shook
D.
trembled
12.
A.
saved
B.
tasted
C.
purchased
D.
rushed
13.
A.
frequently
B.
carefully
C.
proudly
D.
slowly
14.
A.
realized
B.
imagined
C.
expected
D.
remembered
15.
A.
in
contrast
B.
in
return
C.
in
charge
D.
in
control
答案：1-5
CBACD
6-10
ACBCA
11-15
BACAB
四．单句语法填空。
1.
Every
failure
one
meets
with
(add)
to
one’s
experience
in
the
future.?
2.
If
you
want
to
know
his
telephone
number,
you
may
refer
the
telephone
directory.?
3.
He
took
away
the
bag
not
?(belong)
to
him
by
mistake.?
4.The
father
as
well
as
his
three
children
(be)
going
skating
on
the
frozen
river
every
Sunday
afternoon
in
winter.?
5.Only
in
this
way
can
we
live
in
more
comfortable
and
beautiful
________
(surround).?
6.The
poor
old
lady
had
her
money
(steal)
on
the
bus
when
coming
home.?
7.I
broke
away
him
and
rushed
into
the
corner
to
cry.?
8.I
still
find
this
story
he
wrote
both
(fascinate)
and
unbelievable.
9.The
long
speech
really
made
the
girl
feel
(puzzle).?
10.The
woman
rushed
there
in
(defend)
of
her
son.?
11.There
is
a
lot
of
(evident)
showing
that
she
is
guilty.?
12.It
is
a
great
(achieve)
for
such
a
young
player.?
13.What
is
the
exact
(locate)
of
the
ship??
14.
The
accident
was
similar
the
one
that
happened
in
2013.
15.
The
character
(create)
by
the
writer
was
very
attractive.?
答案：
1.
adds
2.
to
3.
belonging
4.
is
5.
surroundings
6.
stolen
7.
from
8.
fascinating
9.
puzzled
10.
defense
11.
evidence
12.
achievement
13.
location
14.
to
15.
created
五．句子补齐。
1.你能告诉我这两个单词之间的区别吗?
Can
you
tell
me
these
two
words??
2.在朋友的帮助下,他最终解决了这个难题。
With
the
help
of
his
friends,
he
in
the
end.?
3.我住在一个四面环山的小村庄。
I
live
in
a
small
village
which
hills
on
all
sides.?
4.无论你到哪里,都会受到热烈欢迎。
,you
will
receive
a
warm
welcome.?
5.幼儿园老师有时被称为孩子王。
Teachers
in
the
kindergarten
are
sometimes
leaders
of
children.?
6.了解一些孔府的历史将会使你的参观更愉快。
the
history
of
Kong
Family
Mansion
will
make
your
visit
more
enjoyable.?
7．雨林的毁坏已经导致了大量的环境破坏。(
amount)
______________________________
has
been
brought
about
by
the
destruction
of
the
rain
forests.
8．我不知道我能向谁寻求帮助。(I
have
no
idea...)
_______________________________________________________
9．他最后变成了一个优秀的篮球运动员并不令人惊讶。(it作形式主语)
_______________________________________________________
10．我爷爷喜欢关着窗子睡觉。(with复合结构)
My
grandfather
likes
to
sleep
_____________________________.
答案：
1.
the
difference
between
2.
solved
the
puzzle
3.
is
surrounded
by
4.
Wherever
you
go
5.
referred
to
as
6.
Knowing
something
about
7.
A
huge
amount
of
environmental
damage
8.
I
have
no
idea
who
I
can
turn
to
for
help.
9.
It
is
not
surprising
that
he
finally
turned
out
to
be
an
excellent
basketball
player.
10.
with
the
windows
closed
14人教版高中英语（2019）必修二
Unit
4
语法与写作
知识点一：
过去分词作定语补语
判断划线部分所作的句子成分并翻译。
1.
Most
people
just
use
the
shortened
name:
"the
United
Kingdom"
or
"the
UK".
2.They
use
the
same
flag,
known
as
the
Union
Jack,
as
well
as
share
the
same
currency
and
military
defence.
3.
They
had
castles
built
all
around
England,
and
made
changes
to
the
legal
system.
4.
Chinese
archaeologists
have
found
six
new
sacrificial
pits
and
unearthed
more
than
500
items
dating
back
to
about
3,000
years
at
the
Sanxingdui
Ruins
in
southwest
China's
Sichuan
Province.
一、过去分词作定语
（一）定语的概念
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。?汉语中常用“……的”表示，定语的位置一般有两种：前置定语和后置定语。
（二）过去分词作定语的位置。
1.
Polluted
air
and
water
are
harmful
to
people's
health.
2.
We
needed
much
more
qualified
workers
to
do
this
job.
3.
They
use
the
same
flag,
known
as
the
Union
Jack…
4.
Come
and
read
the
poem
written
by
an
eight?year?old
boy!
【我的领悟】
单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的________，如例句1、2；过去分词短语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的_________，如例句3、4。
（三）过去分词作后置定语
1.
The
meeting
held
yesterday
is
of
great
importance.
＝The
meeting
which
was
held
yesterday
is
of
great
importance.
昨天举行的会议非常重要。
2.
The
girl
dressed
in
white
is
my
sister.?
=The
girl
who
is
dressed
in
white
is
my
sister.
穿白色衣服的女孩是我的妹妹。
【我的领悟】
过去分词短语作定语时往往后置，它的作用相当于一个___________。
【即学即练】句型转换。
1.
The
yoga
club
opened
last
month
is
popular
among
women
teachers.
The
yoga
club
_________________
last
month
is
popular
among
women
teachers.
2.
The
island
which
is
joined
to
the
mainland
by
a
bridge
is
easy
to
go
to.
The
island
_____
to
the
mainland
by
a
bridge
is
easy
to
go
to.
（四）过去分词作定语的意义
1.
Polluted
air
and
water
are
harmful
to
people's
health.
被污染的空气和水对人的健康有害。
2.
He
is
a
teacher
loved
by
his
students.
他是一位深受学生爱戴的老师。
【我的领悟】
及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示_______；在时间上，常表示动作已经_______。
3.
The
risen
sun
is
shining
brightly
in
the
morning.
早上已升起的太阳正明亮地照耀着。
4.
There
are
many
fallen
leaves
on
the
ground.
地面上有很多落叶。
【我的领悟】
不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只强调动作________。
【归纳】过去分词作定语用法：表_______
或__________.
【即学即练】选择填空
过去分词作定语有三种情况，请判断下列句子中加黑部分属于哪种情况。
A．只表示被动
B．只表示完成
C．既表示被动又表示完成
1.
America
is
a
developed
country.
________
2.
I
found
it
hard
to
understand
the
English
spoken
by
the
native
villagers.
_______
3.
Is
there
anything
planned
for
the
weekend？
__________
★（五）过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别
1.
The
building
built
last
year
is
our
teaching
building.（被动）
2.
America
is
a
developed
country.
（完成）
3.
The
man
standing
there
is
our
teacher.
(主动)
4.
As
we
all
know,
China
is
a
developing
country.（进行）
形式
语态
时态
过去分词
现在分词
（六）解题技巧点拨
1.
找被修饰词；
2.
判断所给动词与被修饰词的关系（主动/被动）
3.
确定答案
【即学即练1】单句语法填空
1.
Mr.
Brown's
room,
_____
(fill)
with
all
kinds
of
books,
looks
like
a
small
library.
2.
You
must
make
every
effort
to
improve
your
________
(speak)
English.
3.
Many
(use)
computers
will
be
sold
in
this
market.
4.
Today,
there
are
many
people
________(visit)
the
park
every
day.
【即学即练2】单项选择题
1.
In
some
languages,
100
words
make
up
half
of
all
words________
in
daily
conversations.
A．using
B．to
use
C．having
used
D．used
2.
You
cannot
accept
an
opinion
________to
you
unless
it
is
based
on
facts.
A．offering
B．to
offer
C．having
offered
D．offered
3.
Ask
that
man
_____
over
there
to
leave
at
once.
A.
standing
B.
to
stand
C.
stood
D.
stands
二、过去分词作宾补
(一)宾补：宾语补足语，用来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，简称宾补。
（二）过去分词作宾补用法
1.
He
passed
away，leaving
his
works
unfinished.
他去世了，留下他的著作还未完成。
2.
He
wants
to
have/get
his
eyes
examined
tomorrow.
他明天想去检查眼睛。
3.
They
managed
to
make
themselves
understood
by
using
very
simple
English.
他们用很浅易的英语来设法使自己被理解。
4.
When
we
saw
the
road
blocked
with
snow,
we
decided
to
spend
the
holiday
at
home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家过假期。
5.
The
next
morning
people
found
the
world
outside
their
houses
completely
changed.
第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变样了。
6.
The
manager
ordered
the
work
finished
at
the
end
of
this
week.
经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。
7.
With
every
problem
settled,
he
began
to
think
of
a
journey.
每一个问题解决后，他开始考虑旅行。
【归纳】
1．过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,
leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。
2．过去分词用在使役动词have/get和make的后面作宾语补足语。
(1)“have/get＋______＋______”表示“让别人做某事”。
(2)“make＋_________＋______”
表示“让自己被…”。
3．过去分词用在______动词：see,
hear,
notice,
observe,
watch,
feel,
find等后作宾语补足语。
4．表示“意愿，命令”的动词，如like,
want,
wish,
expect,
order等可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
5．过去分词用在“______
＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中。
过去分词作宾补与宾语之间的关系是________关系。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
1．When
he
woke
up,
he
found
himself
________
(surround)
by
a
group
of
children.
2．If
you
want
to
make
yourself
________(respect),
you
are
above
all
to
respect
yourself.
3．Before
driving
into
the
city,
you
are
required
to
get
your
car
_______
(wash).
4.
With
his
work
_______
(finish),
he
gladly
accepted
an
invitation
to
a
dinner.
课堂巩固
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
correct
form:
The
film_________
(intend)
for
children
was
very
interesting.
2.
One
day
when
Laennec
was
walking
in
the
park，he
saw
some
girls
________(play)with
a
see－saw(跷跷板)．
3.
From
then
on，his
fear
of
talking
before
a
big
audience
disappeared.
Actually
Jack
had
his
confidence
______(build)
up.
Now
he
turns
out
to
be
a
good
speaker.
4.
You
can
imagine
how
terribly
shy
I
was
the
moment
I
thought
of
that
with
so
many
eyes______
(fix)
upon
me.
5.
One
day，he
lost
a
small
bag
__________(contain)50
gold
coins.
6.
A
US
TV
show______(call)
A
Walk
in
Your
Shoes
gives
people
the
chance
to
try.
7.
There
are
still
many
problems____________(solve)
before
we
are
ready
for
a
long
stay
on
the
Moon.
Forest
fires
are
often
caused
by_______(break)glass
or
by
cigarette
ends
which
people
carelessly
throw
away.
Listening
to
music
at
home
is
one
thing，going
to
hear
it
______________(perform)live
is
quite
another.
Our
teacher
walked
into
the
room
quietly
in
order
not
to
make
himself
_________(notice).
Lucy
has
a
great
sense
of
humour
and
always
keeps
her
collegues
_______(amuse)
with
her
stories.
_________(situate)
in
the
city
of
Guanghan,
southwest
China's
Sichuan
Province,
the
Sanxingdui
Ruins
site
is
considered
one
of
the
most
significant
ancient
remains______
(find)
in
the
20th
century.
What
__________(astonish)
the
archaeologists
most
about
this
gold
mask
is
its
large
size:
23
centimeters
wide
and
28
centimeters
high.
Although
only
about
half
of
the
gold
mask
was
__________(excavate),
it's
so
far
the
largest
of
its
kind
found
in
the
primary
stage
of
the
Chinese
civilization,
____________(weigh)
280
grams.
13.Similar
gold
masks,
though
severely
_________(damage),
were
also
unearthed
from
the
No.
2
sacrificial
pit.
14.Chinese
archaeologists
for
the
first
time
are
using
3D
scanning
and
printing
technology
to
make
well-fitting
casings
for
relics__________
(unearth)
from
the
5,000-year
old
Sanxingdui
Ruins
in
southwest
China's
Sichuan
Province
on
March
20.
Thirty-five
years
later,
Chinese
archaeologists___________
(undertake)
a
second
excavation
have
uncovered
six
more
sacrificial
pits
at
Sanxingdui,
in
addition
to
the
original
two.
Lei
Yu
also
shares
his
personal
story,
________(explain)
how
new
archaeological
techniques
are
being
employed,
and
offers
his
views
on
the
current
craze
for
archaeology
in
China.
知识点二：写作
Describe
an
interesting,
exciting,
or
surprising
place.
本单元的写作项目是旅游景点的描写，属于介绍类说明文，写好这类文章，要注意下列问题。
1.不宜过多介绍景点。我们可以介绍一下景点的历史、特色以及它在当地的地位。
2.这种文章是客观的介绍。通常介绍其地理位置、面积、气候、自然资源和居民等，可以根据题目要求加上自己的评论。
3.组织这类文章的结构，要注意安排好说明顺序，描述要详略得当，重点突出，使文章错落有致。
4.描述地点时需要我们准确掌握表示方位的词或短语。
5.
此类文章的时态主要以一般现在时态为主。
Step
1:
Work
in
pairs.?Choose
one
of
your
favorite
places
and
tell
a
partner
why
you
think
it
is
interesting,
exciting,
or
surprising.
Step
2:
Use
the
questions
below
to
describe
the
place
you
have
chosen.
1.What
can
you
see?
2.How
does
the
place
feel?
3.What
can
you
taste
there?
4.What
can
you
hear?
5.How
does
the
place
feel?
6.What
does
the
place
make
you
think
or
feel?
Sample
writing
In
my
village,
every
day
starts
with
a
"fire"!
The
houses
turn
red
as
the
sun
rises
above
the
mountains.
Seeing
the
flames,
the
roosters
sound
the
alarm.
They
wake
everyone
in
the
village
with
their
loud
cries,
chasing
the
children
to
school
and
rushing
the
adults
to
work.
In
the
evening,
a
gold
haze
settles
over
everything.
This
is
my
favourite
time
of
the
day,
when
all
work
for
the
day
has,
been
completed.
When
the
smell
of
hot
oil
and
fragrant
spices
float
through
the
air,
I
know
that
it
will
soon
be
time
for
dinner.
My
neighbours
begin
to
call
to
their
children
to
come
home.
The
birds
begin
their
nightly
quarrel
over
their
favourite
places
to
rest.
At
night,
the
stars
come
out
to
tell
us
that
all
is
well
and
my
village
grows
quiet.
For
now
we'll
sleep,
and
tomorrow
the
sun
will
set
us
on
fire
again
for
a
new
day!
积“黄金”词句，写高分文章
一、常用的开头语
1．It
is
located/lies
in
...,
with
an
area
of
...
2．It
covers
an
area
of
...,
with
a
history
of
...
3．...,
located
in
...
and
covering
an
area
of
...,
is
one
of
China's
most
famous
scenic
spots.
4．The
history
of
...
dates
back
to
...
5．It
has
become
the
most
popular
tourist
attraction
since
...
二、主体部分常用表达
1．There
are
many
places
of
interest,
such
as
...
2．You
can
enjoy
...,
which
has
a
high
reputation
both
at
home
and
abroad.
3．With
...,
...
is/are
attracting
more
and
more
tourists.
4．An
interesting
feature
of
...
is
...
5．With
its
pleasant
climate,
rich
natural
resources
and
beautiful
scenery,
...
is
one
of
China's
major
tourist
cities.
6．A
trip
along
...
will
enable
you
to
get
to
know
...
三、常用的结束语
1．...
is
well
worth
visiting.
2．...
is
a
place
you
have
to
visit
and
the
extraordinary
view
will
make
you
unwilling
to
leave.
[即时练——靓句带你飞]
完成句子
1．这里风景优美、空气新鲜，吸引着一些来自世界各地的游客。
The
scenery
is
beautiful
and
the
air
is
fresh,
_____________________________________________.
2．一到达山顶，我们就深深地被这里的美丽风景所吸引了。
______________________
the
hill,
we
__________________
___
the
beautiful
scenery.
3．众所周知，华山以它险峻的悬崖和独一无二的特征而出名。
___________________,
Mount
Hua
_____________
its
breathtaking
cliffs
and
its
unique
characteristics.
4．坐落在山顶的寺庙见证了这个地区的许多变化。
________________________________,
the
temple
____
_____________________
in
this
area.
5．泰山位于山东省境内，占地约426平方千米，
是中国五岳之首。
Mount
Tai,
_________
Shandong
Province
and
________________
426
square
kilometres,
is
the
first
of
China's
Five
Mountains.
课堂巩固
（1）假定你是李华，你有一位英国网友，名叫Tom，他听说了中国的故宫，但对其知道的不多，于是给你发来一封电子邮件，请你给他介绍有关故宫的一些情况。请根据下面提供的一些要点给他回一封电子邮件：
1．故宫(the
Palace
Museum)又叫紫禁城(the
Forbidden
City)。
2．它于1406年开始建造，于1420年建成。
3．相传它有殿宇宫室9,999间。在传统上，中国人认为9是一个吉利的数字。
4．故宫存放着有上千年历史的珍宝(precious
treasures)。请他亲自来看一看。
注意：
1．词数80左右：
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear
Tom，
It
is
nice
to
receive
your
e?mail.
Now
I'd
like
to
tell
you
something
about
the
Palace
Museum.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li
Hua
（2）假设你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Nick
将于10月来四川旅游，特来信询问有关旅游景点的情况。请根据下表所提供的要点，写一封回信，并表示盼望他的到来。
旅游资源
许多世界著名的风景名胜，如九寨沟(湖水清澈见底；色彩斑斓)和都江堰水利工程(2,000多年的历史；
仍在发挥作用)
相关信息
气候适宜；交通便利
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；
3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：都江堰水利工程Dujiangyan
Irrigation
Project
Dear
Nick，
I'm
glad
to
hear
that
you're
coming
to
Sichuan
in
October.
Yours
sincerely，
Li
Hua
Li
Hua
课后作业
一．阅读理解。
A
nickname
is
a
shortened
form
of
a
person’s
name.
A
nickname
can
also
be
a
descriptive
name
for
a
person,
place
or
thing.
Many
American
cities
have
nicknames.
These
can
help
establish
an
identity,
spread
pride
among
citizens
and
build
unity.
Nicknames
can
also
be
funny.
Los
Angeles,
California
is
the
second
largest
city
in
population,
after
New
York
City.
Los
Angeles
has
several
nicknames.
One
is
simply
the
city’s
initials,
L.A.
It
is
also
called
the
City
of
Angels
because
Los
Angeles
means
“the
angels”
in
Spanish.
Los
Angeles
often
has
warm,
sunny
weather.
So
another
nickname
is
City
of
Flowers
and
Sunshine.
New
York
is
called
the
Big
Apple.
So
Los
Angeles
is
sometimes
called
the
Big
Orange
because
of
the
fruit
that
grows
in
that
city’s
warm
climate.
The
American
cartoon
and
television
industries
are
based
in
Los
Angeles.
So
it
is
not
surprising
that
it
is
called
the
Entertainment
Capital
of
the
World.
Many
films
are
made
in
the
area
of
Los
Angeles
called
Hollywood.
Millions
of
people
visit
the
area.
No
trip
to
Los
Angeles
is
complete
without
seeing
the
word
“Hollywood”
spelled
out
in
huge
letters
on
a
hillside.?
Many
movie
stars
live
in
Los
Angeles.
The
city
is
sometimes
called
Tinseltown.
This
nickname
comes
from
the
shiny,
bright
and
often
unreal
nature
of
Hollywood
and
the
movie
industry.
Another
nickname
for
Los
Angeles
is
La-La
Land,
using
the
first
letters
of
Los
and
Angeles.
This
means
a
place
that
is
fun
and
not
serious,
and
maybe
even
out
of
touch
with
reality.
A
good
place
for
watching
unusual-looking
people
is
Venice,
an
area
on
the
west
side
of
Los
Angeles.
A
system
of
waterways
designed
after
the
Italian
city
of
Venice
has
been
built
there.
Many
people
love
Los
Angeles
for
its
warm
sunny
weather,
beautiful
mountains
and
beaches,
and
movie
stars.
That
includes
Randy
Newman,
who
sings
about
his
hometown.
1.
Which
of
the
following
is
not
the
function
of
a
nickname
of
a
place?
A.
Building
up
identity.
B.
Entertainment.
C.
Bringing
pride
to
the
locals.
D.
Uniting
surrounding
cities.
2.
What
does
the
underlined
sentence
suggest
in
Paragraph
4?
A.
Tourists
should
pay
a
visit
to
the
big
letters
“Hollywood”
on
a
hillside.
B.
The
word
“Hollywood”
is
so
large
that
tourists
can’t
miss
it.
C.
The
big
letters
“Hollywood”
on
a
hillside
is
your
first
destination.
D.
Tourists
are
proud
of
seeing
the
big
word
“Hollywood”.
3.
How
many
nicknames
have
been
given
to
Los
Angeles?
A.
4.
B.
5.
C.
6.
D.
7.
4.
What
can
we
infer
from
the
text?
A.
Los
Angeles
is
most
famous
for
its
nicknames.
B.
Hollywood
alone
adds
fame
to
Los
Angeles.
C.
All
the
nicknames
make
Los
Angeles
more
attractive.
D.
Los
Angeles
was
built
after
the
Italian
city
of
Venice.
七选五。
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Perhaps
you
have
heard
the
expression
“When
in
Rome,
do
as
the
Romans
do”.
So
when
you
want
to
do
business
in
France,
you
have
to
get
to
know
French
culture,
make
marketing
plans,
and
run
your
business
by
local
laws.
___1___
The
French
take
great
pride
in
their
language,
so
anyone
who
does
not
speak
it
may
run
the
risk
of
being
disrespected
by
his
French
colleagues
or
business
partners.
Also,
another
reason
why
learning
French
is
important
is
that
it
is
a
great
way
to
show
every
possible
French
business
partner
that
you
care
and
respect
their
country’s
culture
and
language.
The
first
thing
that
you
should
do
when
meeting
someone
new
is
to
shake
his
hand
firmly
and
always
look
at
the
person
in
the
eye.
In
social
meetings
with
friends,
kissing
is
common.
Use
first
names
only
after
being
invited
to.
___2___
The
French
will
sometimes
introduce
themselves
using
their
surname
first,
followed
by
their
first
name.
Dress
well.
___3___
Your
business
clothing
is
a
reflection
of
your
success
and
social
status.
Always
try
to
be
tasteful
and
stylish.
Women
are
advised
to
dress
simply
but
elegantly.
Wearing
make-up
is
practiced
widely
by
businesswomen.
The
French
are
passionate
about
food,
so
lunches
are
common
in
doing
business
in
France,
which
usually
consist
of
an
appetizer（开胃菜）,
main
meal
with
wine,
cheese,
dessert
and
coffee,
and
normally
take
up
to
two
hours.
___4___
Do
not
begin
eating
until
the
host
says
“bon
appetite”.
Pass
dishes
to
the
left,
keep
wrists
above
the
table
and
try
to
eat
everything
on
the
plate.
___5___
This
may
suggest
that
you
find
the
food
tasteless.
If
eating
in
a
restaurant,
the
person
who
invites
always
pays.
A.
Remember
to
be
as
polite
as
possible.
B.
This
is
a
time
for
relationship
building.
C.
Use
Monsieur
or
Madame
before
the
surname.
D.
Be
careful
with
adding
salt,
pepper
or
sauces
to
your
food.
E.
Make
an
appointment
with
your
business
partner
in
advance.
F.
The
French
draw
information
about
people
based
on
their
appearance.
G.
Language
should
be
the
focus
of
anyone
planning
to
do
business
in
France.
完形填空。
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Whenever
my
child
caused
me
to
change
my
schedule,
I
thought
to
myself,
“We
don’t
have
time
for
this.”
1
,
the
two
words
I
most
commonly
spoke
to
my
child
were:
“Hurry
up”.
But
my
promise
to
2
was
made
almost
three
years
ago,
and
I
began
my
journey
to
grasp
what
matters
in
life.
My
younger
daughter
is
my
living
3
of
why
I
must
keep
trying.
In
fact,
the
other
day,
she
reminded
me
once
again.
The
two
of
us
had
taken
a
bike
ride
to
the
4
.
After
buying
a
cool
treat
for
my
daughter,
she
sat
down
at
a
table
in
5
admiring
the
ice
cream
she
held
in
her
hand.
Suddenly
a
look
of
worry
turn
up
on
her
face.
“Do
I
have
to
rush,
Mama?”
I
could
have
6
.
Perhaps
the
pains
of
a
7
life
don’t
ever
completely
disappear,
I
thought
sadly.
As
my
child
looked
up
at
me
waiting
to
know
8
she
could
take
her
time,
I
knew
I
had
a(n)
9
.
I
could
sit
there
10
about
the
number
of
times
when
I
rushed
my
child
through
life….or
I
could
celebrate
the
fact
that
today
I’m
trying
to
do
things
differently.
I
chose
to
live
in
today.
“You
don’t
have
to
rush.
Just
take
your
time,”
I
said
in
an
gentle
way.
Her
whole
face
instantly
brightened
and
her
shoulders
11
.
And
so
we
sat
side
by
side
talking
about
things
that
interested
us.
When
she
got
to
the
last
bite,
she
held
out
a
spoonful
of
ice
crystals
and
sweet
juice
for
me.
“I
12
the
last
bite
for
you,
Mama,”
my
daughter
said
13
.
As
I
let
the
icy
goodness
put
out
my
thirst,
I
14
I
just
got
the
deal
of
a
lifetime.
I
gave
my
child
a
little
time…
and
15
,
she
gave
me
her
last
bite
and
reminded
me
that
things
taste
sweeter
and
love
is
easier
to
get
when
you
stop
rushing
through
life.
1.
A.
However
B.
Instead
C.
Therefore
D.
Besides
2.
A.
speed
up
B.
slow
down
C.
give
up
D.
keep
on
3.
A.
reminder
B.
message
C.
example
D.
guide
4.
A.
church
B.
park
C.
supermarket
D.
school
5.
A.
relief
B.
sorrow.
C.
advance
D.
delight
6.
A.
cried
B.
hated
C.
wondered
D.
regretted
7.
A.
difficult
B.
desperate
C.
hurried
D.
terrified
8.
A.
when
B.
if
C.
how
D.
what
9.
A.
duty
B.
chance
C.
choice
D.
idea
10.
A.
thinking
B.
complaining
C.
worrying
D.
talking
11.
A.
raised
B.
relaxed
C.
shook
D.
trembled
12.
A.
saved
B.
tasted
C.
purchased
D.
rushed
13.
A.
frequently
B.
carefully
C.
proudly
D.
slowly
14.
A.
realized
B.
imagined
C.
expected
D.
remembered
15.
A.
in
contrast
B.
in
return
C.
in
charge
D.
in
control
四．单句语法填空。
1.
Every
failure
one
meets
with
(add)
to
one’s
experience
in
the
future.?
2.
If
you
want
to
know
his
telephone
number,
you
may
refer
the
telephone
directory.?
3.
He
took
away
the
bag
not
?(belong)
to
him
by
mistake.?
4.The
father
as
well
as
his
three
children
(be)
going
skating
on
the
frozen
river
every
Sunday
afternoon
in
winter.?
5.Only
in
this
way
can
we
live
in
more
comfortable
and
beautiful
________
(surround).?
6.The
poor
old
lady
had
her
money
(steal)
on
the
bus
when
coming
home.?
7.I
broke
away
him
and
rushed
into
the
corner
to
cry.?
8.I
still
find
this
story
he
wrote
both
(fascinate)
and
unbelievable.
9.The
long
speech
really
made
the
girl
feel
(puzzle).?
10.The
woman
rushed
there
in
(defend)
of
her
son.?
11.There
is
a
lot
of
(evident)
showing
that
she
is
guilty.?
12.It
is
a
great
(achieve)
for
such
a
young
player.?
13.What
is
the
exact
(locate)
of
the
ship??
14.
The
accident
was
similar
the
one
that
happened
in
2013.
15.
The
character
(create)
by
the
writer
was
very
attractive.?
五．句子补齐。
1.你能告诉我这两个单词之间的区别吗?
Can
you
tell
me
these
two
words??
2.在朋友的帮助下,他最终解决了这个难题。
With
the
help
of
his
friends,
he
in
the
end.?
3.我住在一个四面环山的小村庄。
I
live
in
a
small
village
which
hills
on
all
sides.?
4.无论你到哪里,都会受到热烈欢迎。
,you
will
receive
a
warm
welcome.?
5.幼儿园老师有时被称为孩子王。
Teachers
in
the
kindergarten
are
sometimes
leaders
of
children.?
6.了解一些孔府的历史将会使你的参观更愉快。
the
history
of
Kong
Family
Mansion
will
make
your
visit
more
enjoyable.?
7．雨林的毁坏已经导致了大量的环境破坏。(
amount)
______________________________
has
been
brought
about
by
the
destruction
of
the
rain
forests.
8．我不知道我能向谁寻求帮助。(I
have
no
idea...)
_______________________________________________________
9．他最后变成了一个优秀的篮球运动员并不令人惊讶。(it作形式主语)
_______________________________________________________
10．我爷爷喜欢关着窗子睡觉。(with复合结构)
My
grandfather
likes
to
sleep
_____________________________.
17
