Unit 1 People of Achievement 词汇讲练学案（含答案）

选择性必修一
Unit
1
People
of
Achievement
单元词句讲练
1.
P2
This
year’s
Nobel
Prize
for
Physiology
or
Medicine
has
been
awarded
to
Tu
Youyou…
award
vt.
奖励；授予；颁发
n.
奖；奖金；奖品
award
sb.
sth/sb.
be
awarded
sth.
;
award
sth.
to
sb./sth.be
awarded
to
sb.
授予/颁发/奖励某人某物
1).
The
university
______________________________(给他颁发奖学金)
last
year
for
her
excellent
performance.
=He
_____________________________________
by
the
university
last
year
for
her
excellent
performance.
=A
scholarship
_____________________________
by
the
university
last
year
for
her
excellent
performance.
2).
________________(judge)
the
best
in
a
recent
science
competition,
the
three
students
________________(award)
scholarships
______________(total)
$21,000.
3)
这是Jane第一次在英语演讲比赛中获得一等奖。
_________________________________________________________________________________________
2.
P2
…whose
research
led
to
the
discovery
of
artemisinin,
a
crucial
new
treatment
for
malaria.
P2
Artemisinin
has
become
a
vital
part
of
the
treatment
for
malaria,
and
is
thought
to
save
100,000
lives
a
year
in
Africa
alone.
crucial
adj.
至关重要的，关键性的
be
crucial
to/for
It
is
crucial
that
…(should)
do…
vital
adj.
极其重要的,
必不可少的
be
vital
to/for=be
of
vital
importance
to;
It
is
vital
that
…(should)
do…
主语+be
thought
to
be/do…=It
is/was
thought
that…
…被认为是…/有人认为…
常见表达：it
is
said/believed/reported
that…=主语+be
said/believed/reported
to
do…
4).
在事情变得不能挽回之前采取一些必要的措施是很重要的。
__________________________________________________________________________
before
it’s
too
late.
5).
毫无疑问青年人的教育对于一个国家的未来是至关重要的。
________________________________________________________________________________________
6).
据报道，这种植物可以防癌。
________________________________________________________________________________________
3.
P2
Tu
Youyou,
a
committed
and
patient
scientist,
was
born
in
Ningbo,
China…
committed
adj.
尽心尽力的；尽职的
commit
v.
自杀；做出(错或非法的事)；犯(罪或错等);承诺，保证
be
committed
to
(doing)
sth.
承诺/致力于…
commit
a
crime/an
error
犯罪/错误
commit
oneself
to
sth./doing
sth/do
sth.承诺；保证…
commitment
n.
奉献；承诺，保证，诺言
7).
政府应该致力于改善医疗水平。
The
government
should
_____________________________________________________________
health
care.
8).
As
a
good
worker,
he
_________________________________________________(对家庭和工作都尽心尽力).
9).
___________________(commit)
to
improving
services,
we
will
provide
customers
___________
all
the
information
___________
they
need.
10).
The
company’s
_______________(commit)
to
providing
quality
at
a
______________(reason)
price
has
been
vital
___________
its
success.
4.
P2.
However,
Tu
Youyou
would
not
acknowledge
defeat.
acknowledge
vt.
承认;
公开,
公开感谢
acknowledgement
n.感谢
acknowledge
(doing)
sth./that…承认…
acknowledge…to
be/as…
承认…是…
it
is
universally/generally
acknowledged
that…
…是大家公认的
11).
With
no
solid
evidence,
he
refused
to
acknowledge
____________________(steal)
the
lady’s
purse.
12).
凡是男生，都想娶以为貌美如花的妻子，这是举世公认的。
____________________________________
a
man
would
like
to
marry
a
beautiful
woman.
13).
尽管被公认为是最优秀的学生，他仍然感觉很孤单。
_________________________________________,
he
still
feels
lonely.
5.
P2
Tu
Youyou
was
among
the
first
researchers
chosen.
chosen
过去分词作后置定语修饰前面名词researchers，相当于
who
were
chosen
单个的过去分词作定语时，常常置于被修饰的名词前；而过去分词短语作定语时，常置于所修饰名词之后。
14).
Amie,
Salmon,
disabled,
_________________(attend)
throughout
her
school
days
by
a
nurse
_____________(appoint)
to
guard.
15).
Hangzhou,
_______________(known)
to
the
nation
____________
its
West
Lake,
has
changed
greatly.
16).
The
first
textbook
__________________(write)
for
teaching
English
is
a
foreign
language
______________(publish)
in
the
16th
century.
17).
使用过的船只被粉刷得很美，还装点了各种颜色的花。
________________________________________________________________________________________
6.
P3.
To
Youyou
and
her
team
members
even
insisted
on
testing
the
medicine
on
themselves
to
make
sure
that
it
was
safe.
insist
on
doing
sth.
坚持做某事
insist
(that)…
坚持要求；坚决主张
(从句使用虚拟语气：主语+(should)
+
动词原形
坚持认为；坚持说
(从句使用陈述语气)
18).
I
insisted
that
the
man
in
black
_____________________(steal)
my
purse
and
that
he
________________(send)
to
the
nearest
police
station.
19).
我想不行去车站，但他坚持要开车送我去那儿。
________________________________________________________________________________________
7.
P3
Upon
hearing
that
she
had
been
awarded
the
Nobel
Prize,
she
said…
Upon/On
doing…
一…就…
归纳拓展：a.
as
soon
as/the
moment/the
minute/the
instant/instantly/immediately/directly+句子
b.
hardly/scarcely/barely
+had+主语+done…when
+句子
c.
no
sooner
+had+主语+done…than
+句子
d.
at引导的一些介词短语:
at
the
thought
of一想到;
at
the
sight
of一看到;
at
the
sound
of
一听到…
20).
一听说那本最新的小说出版了，我迫不及待跑去书店买。(一句多译)
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
21).
他一从国外回来，就开始认真工作。
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
8.
It
struck
him
that
the
other
Chinese
men
in
the
photo
apparently
did
not
care
about
what
was
happening
to
their
fellow
country
men.
apparently
adv.
显而易见地；明显地
同义：obviously;
evidently
It
strikes/hits/occurs
to
sb.
+从句…某人突然想起..；某人突然意识到…
其他：it
makes
no
difference
+从句：
…没有影响/没有关系/没有作用
it
remains
to
be
seen
+从句：…还有待于观察
22).
我突然想到在那个时期，一个女子接受医学培训得多么艰难啊。
____________________________________________
for
a
girl
to
get
medical
training
at
that
time.
23).
他在不在这儿没有影响，我们会设法处理好这个问题得。
_____________________________________________________.
We’ll
manage
to
cope
with
the
problem
well.
9.
P5
There
is
nothing
we
can
do
to
help
Linda.
Her
circumstances
are
beyond
our
control.
circumstance
n.
条件，情况；情形，形势
in/under
no
circumstances
绝不（置于句首时，所在句子要使用部分倒装）
拓展归纳：绝不：in
no
way;
in
no
case,
on
no
account;
by
no
means;
at
no
time;
on
no
condition…
beyond
one’s
control
某人无法控制/无法掌握
in
control
of
控制；支配；管理
out
of
control
of
失去控制;
under
control
受支配/受控制
under
the
control
of
受…的控制/管理/支配
拓展归纳：beyond
+n.
表
“超出了…的范围；无法…;难以…”
beyond
one’s
power/ability/beyond
sb.
超出了某人的能力范围；
beyond
imagination
难以想象
beyond
repair无法修理
beyond
words
无法用语言表达
beyond
description难以描述
beyond
belief
难以置信
beyond
recognition
难以识别
beyond
one’s
reach/the
reach
of
sb.
够不着;力所不及
根据句意，填入适当的短语
24).
The
scenery
is
_____________________,
so
I
invite
you
to
visit
it
in
person.
25).
You’d
better
put
the
medicine
____________________________.
It’s
dangerous
to
children.
26).
It
is
__________________
that
John
should
pass
the
exam!
He’s
so
lazy.
27).
If
you
meet
a
bear
in
the
woods,
try
not
to
panic
or
scream
_____________
should
you
turn
your
back
and
run.
28).
我们绝不能说谎。________________________________________________________________________
10.
P8
Circumstances
changed
in
1933,
when
Hitler
came
to
power
in
Germany.
P5
Afterwards,
Einstein
had
to
flee
Germany.
Hitler
was
in
power
there.
come
to
power
开始执政/掌权(强调动作)
be
in
power
处于执政/掌权中(强调状态)
拓展归纳：come
to/reach
a
conclusion
得出结论
come
to/reach
an
agreement
达成协议
come
to
light
被发现；为人所知
come
to
an
end
结束
come
to
oneself
苏醒；恢复知觉
根据句意，填入适当的短语
29).
After
the
Nazis
_______________________
in
Germany,
many
scientists
emigrated(移居国外).
30).
Only
by
undertaking
the
analysis
of
the
data,
can
you
______________
scientific
_______________.
31).
In
the
midst
of
her
sorting
out
her
father’s
things,
the
letter
________________________.
11.
P8
As
a
consequence,
he
had
to
flee
Germany.
as
a
consequence
结果，因此
=in
consequence
/
as
a
result=consequently
adv.
as
a
consequence
of
因为…；由于…
=in
consequence
of/as
a
result
of
32).
她当时正发烧(run
a
fever),
因而考试没通过。(一句多译)
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
12.
P8.
In
fact,
Einstein
often
encountered
people
on
the
street
who
would
stop
him
and
ask
him
to
help
explain
things.
encounter
vt.
偶然遇到；碰到；
n.
邂逅；遭遇
同义词：come
across;
run
into;
bump
into
33).
是在机场我遇到了我的老同学，这让我很惊讶。（一句多译）
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
13.
P8.
After
studying
for
another
year,
he
managed
to
pass
the
exam,
entering
university
in
1896…
P8.
While
working
there,
out
of
a
strong
passion
for
knowledge,
he
continued
to
study…
P3
After
failing
more
than
190
times,
the
team
finally
succeeded
in
1971.
out
of
a
strong
passion
for
sth.
出于对…的强烈渴望
连词+doing/done/adj…省略结构
34).
Although
________________________(反对我的观点),
he
didn’t
come
up
with
his
own.
35).
When
_____________(take)
according
to
the
instructions,
the
drug
has
the
least
side
effects.
36).
When
________________(wave)
goodbye
to
them
on
the
platform,
I
felt
happy
for
them
and
wished
them
a
safe
journey.
词汇讲练参考答案：
1.
1).
awarded
him
a
scholarship;
=was
awarded
a
scholarship;
=was
awarded
to
him
2).
Judged;
were
awarded;
totaling
3).
It
is
the
first
time
that
Jane
has
been
awarded
the
first
prize
in
the
English
Speaking
Contest.
=It
is
the
first
time
that
the
first
prize
has
been
awarded
to
Jane
in
the
English
Speaking
Contest.
2.
4).
It
is
crucial/vital
that
some
necessary
measures
(should)
be
taken
5).
There’s
no
doubt
that
the
education
of
the
youth
is
crucial/vital
to
the
future
of
a
country.
=Undoubtedly/Without
doubt,
the
education
of
the
youth
is
crucial/vital
to
the
future
of
a
country.
6).
It
is
reported
that
this
kind
of
plant
can
prevent
cancer.
=Plant
of
this
kind
is
reported
to
prevent
cancer.
=This
kind
of
plant,
as
is
reported,
can
prevent
cancer.
3.
7).
commit
itself
to
improving/be
committed
to
improving
8).
Was
committed/committed
himself
to
his
family
as
well
as
to
his
work.
9).
Committed;
with;
that
10).
Commitment;
reasonable;
to/for
4.
11).
stealing/having
stolen
12).
It
is
generally
acknowledged
that
13).
(Although
he
is)
acknowledged
as/to
be
the
most
excellent
student
5.
14).
Is
attended;
appointed
15).
known,
for
16).
Written;
was
published
17).
The
boats
used
are
beautifully
painted
and
decorated
with
flowers
of
different
colors.
6.
18).
had
stolen;
(should)
be
sent
19).
I
wanted
to
walk
to
the
station,
but
he
insisted
on
driving
me
there.
=
I
wanted
to
walk
to
the
station,
but
he
insisted
that
he
(should)
drive
me
there.
7.
20).
Instantly
he
returned
from
abroad,
he
settled
down
to
work
attentively.
=No
sooner
had
he
returned
from
abroad
than
he
settled
down
to
work
attentively.
21).
On
his
return
from
abroad,
he
set
to
work
in
earnest.
/he
settled
down
to
work
attentively.
=Hardly
had
he
returned
from
abroad
when
he
settled
down
to
work
attentively.
8.
22).
It
struck
me/hit
me/occurred
to
me
how
difficult
it
was
23).
It
makes
no
difference
whether
he
is
here
or
not
9.
24).
beyond
words/description
25).
beyond
children’s
reach
26).
beyond
belief
27).
Under
no
circumstances…
28).
Under
no
circumstance
should
we
tell
lies
10.
29).
came
to
power
30).
come
to
a,
conclusion
31).
came
to
light
11.
32).
She
was
running
a
fever
at
that
moment.
As
a
consequence,
she
failed
in
the
exam.
=She
was
running
a
fever
at
that
moment,
as
a
consequence
of
which
she
failed
in
the
exam.
=The
reason
why
she
failed
in
the
exam
was
that
she
was
running
a
fever
at
that
moment.
12.
33).
It
was
at
the
airport
that
I
encountered
my
former
classmate,
which
gave
me
a
big
surprise.
=What
gave
me
a
big
surprise
was
that
I
encountered
my
former
classmate
at
the
airport.
13.
34).
against
my
opinion/objecting
to
35)
taken
36).
waving