陕西省某二中2013届高三英语二轮复习精品课件：定语从句（1）

(共30张PPT)
定 语 从 句
3.区别
几种句型
1.定义及术语
2.比较
关系词
教学目标
定义及相关术语
1.定语从句：
修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2.先行词：
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
That is the teacher who teaches us
English.
Those who want to go to the park
are girls.
______
（名词）
_____
（代词）
3.关系词： 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
I still remember the day when I first came to this school.
He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
that which who whom whose as 等
when where why等
关系词通常有下列三个作用：
A.引导定语从句； B.代替先行词； C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
1). a. The reason _______he missed the speech
is that he forgot the time.
b. The reason_____________he gave us
sounded reasonable.
2). a. I’ll never forget the day ____________we
spent together in Paris.
b. I’ll remember the day________we
stayed together at that time.
why
(which/that)
when
(which/that)
关系代词与关系副词的区别
3). a. Is this the factory______________
we visited last year
b. Is this the house _________Lincoln
once lived
c. Is this house ________ we visited
last year
(which/that)
where
解题点拨:
看引导词在定语从句中充当什么成分；
若是作状语, 就用where, when, why等关系副词；
若是作主语、宾语或定语，则用关系代词that, which, whom, whose等。　
the one
“That”
游戏
拓展
讨论与探究
奖
抢
答
大
战
奖
奖
奖
奖
1.
2.
3.
4.
“That”
游戏
拓展
讨论与探究
1).This is the reason ___ _____________ he left
his hometown.
2). I’ll never forget the day ___ ____________
we stayed together
3).This is the girl ______ _______I learned the news.
4). This is the girl _____ is taken good care ___ in the hospital.
5).I’ll show you a store___ ____________ you may buy all that you need.
6).I don’t like the way__ ___________ you laughed
at her.
for which
/why
on which
/when
from whom
of
in which
/where
in which
/that
who
介词与关系代词
( )
拓展1
Have a discussion
方法总结
1.先行词为人,关系代词用介词+whom; 先行词为物,关系代词用介词+which;
2.固定的动词短语,介词不能提前。
3.关系代词和关系副词有时可转换：
where, when, why = 介词 + which
4.先行词是the way 时,关系代词用that\in which或省略.
想一想
总结:
as 与 which的区别
1).The meeting, _______was held in the park, was a great success.
2). I will read as many books_____are required. .
3). She has married again, _______ was unexpected
４). ___is known to us all, Taiwan is a part of China.
which
which
As
as
拓展2
1. which的先行词可以是名词，也可以是句子的一部分或代替整个句子；which从句不能放句首;
2. as 一般代替整个句子, 从句则可以放句首, 句中或句尾, 表示“正如” ，“或像…一样” 。
例如：as is known, as everyone knows ,as is said, as often happens, as you can see, as it is……;当先行词前有as, so, such, the same 修饰时,关系代词常用as。
总结:
“That”
游戏
拓展
讨论与探究
1.当先行词是everything, anything, nothing , all, none, few, little, some等代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。
2.当先行词被序数词修饰时。
3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
4．当先行词被 the very, the only 修饰时。
5.当先行词前面有who, which 等疑问代词时。
6.当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。
我的地盘
That!!
“that”
1). a. I saw some trees, and the leaves of
_______ were black with disease.
b. I saw some trees, the leaves of ______
were black with disease.
2). a. The professor is a little man, on the
nose of ______there is a pair of glasses
b. The professor is a little man, and on the
nose of ______there is a pair of glasses
解题点拨 :
　是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。
　　　　
them
whom
which
him
__
__
易混句型
1.定语从句与并列句
1). a. The news ________our volleyball team
won the match made us excited.
　 b. The news __________he told me yesterday
is exciting.
2). a. I made a promise ______ if anyone set me
free, I would make him very rich.
b. The mother made a promise ___________
pleased all her children.
that
(that/which)
that/which
that
解题点拨：that引导的定语从句是对其先行词的修饰或限制；在句中作成份(作宾语省略),指物时可用which代替；而同位语从句是对前面名词的说明和解释。that在从句中仅起连接作用,不充当成份，不能省略,不能用which代替。
２.定语从句与同位语从句
1) a. It is in this room ______I lived last year.
b. It is the room _______I lived last year.
2) a. It was at seven o’clock ______he went to
school this morning.
b. It was seven o’clock _______he went
to school this morning.
解题点拨：强调句型：It is/was+被强调的成份+that/who+其它部分; 去掉 It is/was….that/who… ,句子照样成立;而定语从句的引导词在句中要作成份。
that
where
that
when
３.定语从句与强调句型
Fill in the blanks with relatives:
1) He still lives in the house ______window
faces to the south.
2) He still lives in the house __ _____the
window faces to the south.
3) He still lives in the house and ___ window
faces to the north.
4) He still lives in the house ____________is
in the north of the city.
whose
of which
that/which
its
实战演习
５) Is this house _________ he visited last yea
６) Is it in this house ______ he was born
the one
that
建议：仔细审题，找到突破口。
加油
Find the mistakes and correct:
1.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from.
2.This is the very place where we visited many years ago.
that
as
1）错用引导词；
常见错误
３. Hangzhou, where we spent last spring there, is one of the most beautiful cities in China.
2）定语从句中的被替换成份没有去掉。
４. She is the only one of the girls in our
class who have been to the United States.
３).定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数上
应与先行词一致
has
____
　巩固提高:
1.These houses are sold at such a low price ____ people expected.(’00上海）
A. like B. as C. that D. which
2. ____ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. (’04北京）
A. It B. As C. That D. What
3. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ____ , of course , made the others envy him. (’04天津）
A. who B. that C. what D. which
４.The gentleman____ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.(’00上海春招）
A. who B. about whom
C. whom D. with whom
５. Have you seen the film “Titanic”, ____ 　　　leading actor is world-famous (’01上海
A. its B. it’s C. whose D. which
用 思考
________
８. It is the ability to do the job ___ matters not where you come form or what you are.(’00全国)
A. one B. that C. what D. it
Homework
Review what we have learned.
Finish the exercise in the workbook.