陕西省某二中2013届高三英语课件：短文改错（1）

(共59张PPT)
短文改错测试点
高考英语短文改错主要考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语语言知识的能力，它不同于单句改错，考生应在理解短文的基础上,，根据上下文的逻辑关系,对文中的错误做出判断，并进行纠正。因此，该题型综合性强，涉及面广。
测试点分布
1、名词
2、动词时态/语态
3、代词
4、从句
5、形容词、副词
6、冠词
7、连词
8、介词
短文改错的设题切入口
近几年高考短文改错题题型稳定、考查点
多、覆盖面广。 一般以三种题型出现: 增加,删除或修改。
设问的角度有三个：词法、句法和行文逻
辑。从这三个角度考查学生在语篇中综合
运用英语的准确性。从错误比例上看，
2：1：7
或者 1：1：8：
多
缺
错
英语高考专题复习
短 文 改 错
一、动词形
主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。
2007四川卷：
When he gets home, he saw the animal waiting at the door, still wearing his jacket with the wallet in the pocket.
2007天津卷：
In Grade Eight I took physics. In one test I get only 36 percent of the answers correct.
got
got
I’m sorry that I wasn’t able to return your bike on time yesterday. I mean to give it back to you before four in the afternoon, but was hold up on my way back. (2009全国卷2)
分析： mean改为meant, hold改为held;文章是描述过去发生的事情。
I’m glad to know that you had an interest in Chinese
food. (2009重庆卷)
分析: had---have描述现在的事情
1.After they had chose the books they wished to read, the instructor told them the principal points he wanted them to note.
2. Not only the students but also the teacher like the film.
chosen
likes
3.I will like to know where you were born.
would
4.When our six children were young ,suppertime is always being interrupted .
5.Growing up is not easy. Sometimes all that is need is someone to rely on .
was
needed
[ 考点剖析 ]
此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：
(1) 短文中时态的使用前后不一致。
(2) 在特定语境条件下时态的误用(如含有状语从句的复合句中，主句用将来时态，而从句中则用一般现在时态)。
(3) 主动语态和被动语态的混用。
解决方案
(1) 通读全文，搞清文中动词时态的主旋律 .
(2) 结合语境，灵活运用时态形式 .
(3) 认真推敲，准确把握主动与被动 .
二、名词数
指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。
2007陕西卷：Personally, I found most
lesson rather uninteresting.
lessons
2006福建卷：
If you have interests in it, reply to me soon.
interest
I stayed here for one and a half hour.
(2009全国卷2)
分析：. hour改为hours
One rainy day while I was walking home with one of my friend, a trunk came to stop beside us. (2009浙江卷)
分析：考查名词数。one of 后受one of影响必须用名词复数形式，应改为friends.
1.The book will give you all the
informations you need.
2. He is on good term with me.
3. He is a generous fellow, and will soon make friend with you again.
furniture, fun, homework, paper, news, progress, trouble, work（工作），advice等
information
terms
friends
4.They did not want me to do any work at family
5. Aunt Mary returned home after ten year’s absence.
6.He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests .
years’
idea
home
[ 考点剖析]
此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：
(1) 可名词与不可数名词的混用。
(2) 用于固定词组中的一些名词的 用法 。
(3) 同义词或反义词的混用。
1. 理清可数与不可数名词之间的区别与联系。
2. 记清一些用于固定词组中名词的特殊用法 。
3.结合语境认真分辨同义名词或近义名词。
三、还要注意形和副
注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。
2007浙江卷：I got to the finishing line first. I won the race. I felt very proudly of myself.
2006福建卷：We can hear birds singing happy all around.
proud
happily
１修饰名词、be动词、系动词要用形容词；
２修饰动词、形容词、整个句子用副词；
３比较级和最高级的使用。
2008全国卷Ⅱ
I will learn more about the history of the Olympics as good as the 2008 Olympic games.
2006辽宁卷
She was usual patient with her students and never made them disappointed.
usually
well
He has a comfortable room, patiently nurses, and a great deal of time to read. (2009 陕西卷)
分析； patiently- patient.
so I grateful accepted the offer. (2009浙江卷)
分析：grateful---gratefully考查副词用法。副词修饰动词accept.
1.They came back lately and had some tea .
2.The two men threw all their equipment into the water to make the balloon light.
3.The new person on the job feels more better after he or she has played tennis with other people in the office.
late
lighter
much/even/rather
考点剖析 :
(1) 形容词和副词的混用，是短文改错中常见的考点之一 .
(2)比较级和最高级的混用或误用.
(3)比较级和最高级修饰语的误用 以及近义词的误用 .
解决方案
(1) 熟知形容词和副词的句法功能 .
(2) 理清短文中形容词和副词比较 等级的关系 .
(3) 结合短文内容，准确使用形容词和副词.
四、非谓语，细辨别
这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。
2007浙江卷： I could not to run very fast and
fell behind.
2007宁夏卷：Li Meng came see me every
day.
to
So I helped them going to the nearest hospital. (2009全国卷2)
分析： going改为go考查非谓语动词的复合结构：help sb( to) do sth
My classmate, Joseph, is at present in hospital with a breaking leg. (2009陕西卷)
【解析】 breaking- broken非谓语动词做定语，与所修饰词是被动关系，用过去分词
1.He has never been heard speak ill of others.
2. I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person .
3.It is difficult to make yourself understand in English.
to
understood
become
4.On his way home, he suddenly heard his name calling.
5. But then there are always more mysteries look into.
6. After learn the basics of the subject, nothing else seemed very practical to me .
called
to
learning
考点剖析
此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：
(1) 谓语动词与非谓语动词的混用.
(2) 非谓语动词之间的混用.
(3) 在并列结构中非谓语动词的误用.
(1) 纵观全文或全句，明确句中动词 所作的句子成分.
(2) 系统掌握非谓语动词的句法功能.
(3) 前后联系，整体把握 .
高考链接6：
I heard that Mr. Wang would
teach our English this term.
人称代词主格和宾格，物主代词的使用．
反身代词oneself 的使用．
3．不定代词的使用．
4．Both,all,either,neither,none的使用.
5. Whose 和who’s，its和 it’s的区别．
五、 代词格，细领悟
us
2008全国 II
I should be able to tell visitors about our history and culture
and show them their great achievement.
2007陕西
Just at that time I woke up and found me still in bed!
our
myself
This man might need the umbrella himself, but he preferred to give it to everyone else. (2009 浙江卷)
【解析】 everyone---someone/somebody。
考查不定代词用法。everyone else 错误说法，每个人，就不可能再有别人；"别人"应表示someone/somebody else。
I’m glad to know that you have an interest in Chinese Food. Here I’d like to tell you something about them. ( 2009重庆卷)
分析：them----it依语境知。
1.Knowledge is there for whomever will seek it. 2.Whom do you think is the writer of this book
3.His brother’s case is quite different from me.
whoever
who
mine
4.People find increasingly difficult to make their living. 5. Those fresh men finally learned to solve the problems by them.
6.I read your e-mail to my parents and showed them the photo you sent it to me .
it
themselves
[考点剖析]
此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：
1) 代词指代的人或事物前后不一致的错误.
2) “it” 一词的不当使用(包括用于从句中或作形式主语或宾语).
3) 不定代词或反身代词的误用.
[解决方案 ]
(1) 顺藤摸瓜，理清短文中代词的指 代关系，注意联系上下文。
(2) 系统掌握it的各种用法 .
(3)准确把握不定代词在文中的正确使 用。
主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。
catch a sight of
lose my heart
in hurry
in Sunday afternoon
such many people
in a short
a
on
∨
so
六、习惯用法要记住
1. I’m sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. (NMET2004)
分析： to改为at。 Laugh at 是固定搭配。
2. After five years away in my hometown, I find that the neighborhood which I used to live in has changed a lot. (2009全国卷1)
分析： in→from。句意是我离开家乡五年，away from属于固定搭配。
1.Don’t approach to a work of art in such a spirit.
2. The boy was absorbed building a dam in the brook.
3. The gentleman insisted at my receiving the money.
4. At last we reached to the village at the foot of the hill
in
on
6.Because the help you gave me that summer ,my life changed.
7. When a young man starts to earn his own living ,he can no longer expect others to pay his food .
8.I imagine you’ll be at vacation yourself by that time.
of
for
on
考点剖析 :
(1) 在一些固定短语中，介词的误用 是很常见的题型 .
(2) 介词与连词或副词的混用.
(3) 及物动词之后介词的多用或不及物动词之后介词的漏用.
解决方案:
(1) 平时的学习中注意积累语言知识，特别是一些固定搭配的记忆 . (2) 强化语法训练，分清连词，副词和介词之间的区别和句法功能 . (3)语法知识的记忆和语感的培养结合起来 .
七、句子成分多分析
不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。
2008年安徽卷 : She looked at me and started to laugh. “How are you laughing ”I asked.
2007天津卷：I was lucky enough to have a
teacher which didn’t take my
bad grades as a judgement of
my abilities, but …
who / that
Why
1. The United States is composed of fifty states, two of those are separated from the others by land or water. 2. These photos will show you how our village looks like .
3.I cannot make sense of that he said at the meeting.
which
what
what
八、逻辑错误须关注
与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。
2009辽宁卷：But he said he could only give me half of the money. He should find the other half myself.
NMET 2005: Some students may also save up for our college or future use.
I
their
1.I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light.
2.He will stay there one and two days.
3. There may not be much choice between this one or that.
and
or
and
考点剖析:
(1) 并列连but ,and ,or, so 等词的混用，常常出现在改错题中。
(2) 并列连词和从属连词的混用。
(3) 平行结构方面的错误。
常考的错误形式有：连词but， and， or和so的用法错误，以及冠词的用法错误等。
2007全国II：I meant to write long letter and tell
you all the things I’m doing at the
school…
2007四川卷：An Australian farmer found the
kangaroo caught in the fence
around his farm.
a
a
九、冠词、连词常光顾
分析：前后文是并列关系，
用并列连词and。
Some friends of his go to see him every day, they take him Lost of good books and fresh fruit. (2009陕西卷)
I meant to give it back to you before four in the afternoon，and I was hold up on my way back. (全国卷2)
分析： 前后文是转折关系，
用转折连词but
∧
Every kind of the Chinese food is worth trying. (2009重庆卷)
分析： 去掉the
【解析】考查冠词用法。由umbrella 的发音可知，元音前应使用冠词an
The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella. (2009浙江卷)
2007浙江卷：Today I was having a PE lesson while I fell down and hurt my foot.
2006辽宁卷：She always made sure that our homework was finished on time, but she marked strictly on our actual performance.
2007四川卷： He thought the poor animal was injured, but the kind farmer took off his jacket and put on the animal.
when
and
so
冗词的多用
1.Last summer ,I went to Beijing, my first time trip to the city.
2.Two years later, he returned back home.
3. It is about 200 miles far away from London.
4)Many students feel it that a popular teacher must be kind and easy-going.
解题原则
一、错误以改动最少为原则
二、虚词以添加或删除为原则
三、实词以改变形式为原则
四、原意以坚持不变为原则
四不改：
1. 单词拼写不改 .
2. 大小写不改 .
3. 词序不改 .
4. 标点符号不改 .
At Christmas Eve, Jim went with his father to
choose a Christmas tree. They choose a big
one. It was almost as taller as the room! They
put them in the corner of the sitting room. Kate
was covered it with a lot of Christmas light.
The sitting room looked really beautifully at the
moment. There was a fire burn in the fire place,
and the Christmas tree lights were shinning brightly.
Jim or his parents singing and dancing happily.
高考英语短文改错模拟训练
On
chose
tall
it
lights
beautiful
burning
and
were
Dear Alice,
I have just got some good news to tell to you. 1.______
I win a national prize for painting last week. 2. ______
My father was so pleasing that he suggested 3. ______
I go to England for a holiday. I’d like to staying 4. ______
there for half a month, visiting place of interest 5. ______
or practicing my English as well. We’ve been 6. ______
第二个to删去
win--won
pleasing--pleased
staying--stay
place--places
or--and
Writing to each for nearly a year now. I have 7. ______
often dreamed of talk face to face with you. 8. ______
I imagine you’ll be at vacation yourself by that 9. ______
time. Perhaps we could go out do some 10. ______
sightseeing together.
Best wishes！
Lily
∧
each后加other
talk--talking
at--on
to
∧