外研版（2019）选择性必修一：Unit2 Onwards and upwards Starting out 课后作业（含答案）

外研版（2019）选择性必修一：
Unit2
Onwards
and
upwards
Starting
out
课后作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A
young
Jewish
girl
begins
a
diary
just
as
World
War
Ⅱ
is
about
to
break
out
in
Europe.
She
records
the
details
of
her
daily
life,
but
more
than
that.
Eventually,
the
diary
comes
to
a
heartbreaking
end
with
the
girl
shot
to
death
by
the
Nazis.
However,
it's
not
the
story
of
Anne
Frank.
This
is
Renia's
Diary,
a
journal
that
was
hidden
for
years
in
a
safe
box.
Now
it's
coming
to
light
with
the
help
of
Renia's
sister
and
niece.
For
a
long
time,
Elizabeth
didn't
even
know
that
her
older
sister
Renia
had
kept
a
diary
as
a
teenager
in
Poland.
Then
suddenly
one
day
Elizabeth
got
the
diary
and
started
to
read
it.
She
was
totally
stunned
and
couldn't
get
very
far.
“It
was
too
painful
to
read
it，”
Elizabeth
recalls.
“I
just
put
it
in
the
basement
and
didn't
think
about
it.”
Alexandra,
Elizabeth's
daughter,
grew
up
knowing
about
the
locked
diary.
As
Alexandra
got
older,
she
was
more
interested
in
it.
“If
I
could
read
this
diary,
maybe
I'll
explore
some
things
from
the
past，”
she
thought.
She
got
the
diary
from
its
hiding
place.
When
she
read
it,
Alexandra
was
shocked.
“It's
the
description
of
a
wonderful
girl
who
showed
great
courage
in
terrible
times.
My
aunt's
world
comes
to
life
as
the
diary
shifts
between
a
teenage
girl's
daily
life
and
the
war.”
Elizabeth
and
her
daughter
Alexandra
are
excited
that
the
diary
will
be
published.
“It
is
a
story
that
needs
to
be
heard
now
more
than
ever.
We
should
never
repeat
the
same
types
of
racism
(种族主义)
and
hate
that
lead
to
violence，”
Alexandra
says.
1．Why
was
Renia's
Dairy
unknown
to
the
world
for
so
many
years?
A．The
story
is
not
as
famous
as
Anne
Frank's.
B．It
was
lost
in
the
war
and
no
one
found
it.
C．Alexandra
was
afraid
to
read
it.
D．Renia
kept
it
a
secret.
2．What
does
the
underlined
word
“stunned”
mean
in
Paragraph
3?
A．Embarrassed.
B．Bored.
C．Excited.
D．Shocked.
3．Why
was
Alexandra
so
interested
in
Renia's
Diary?
A．She
was
curious
about
her
aunt's
experience.
B．She
wanted
to
comfort
her
mother.
C．She
planned
to
publish
her
aunt's
dairy.
D．She
decided
to
prove
how
strong
Renia
was.
4．What's
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A．A
Girl
Fighting
Against
the
Racism
and
Hate
B．Renia's
Diary
Is
to
Come
to
Light
C．Discovering
the
History
of
a
Jewish
Family
D．A
Jewish
Family
in
World
War
Ⅱ
B
At
first
glance,
the
business
world
is
no
place
for
young
women,
as
my
co?founders
and
I
have
been
told
on
many
occasions.
In
spite
of
this
pessimistic
view
of
women's
opportunity
in
business,
we
three
college?age
girls
with
zero
experience
in
business
started
off
with
a
highly
ambitious
goal:
to
start
a
seaweed
farm
in
North
Carolina,
and
grow
as
much
seaweed
as
possible
to
help
reduce
the
carbon
emission
(排放)
and
nutrient
pollution
from
agricultural
sources.
In
the
beginning,
our
ideas
were
either
ignored
or
scoffed
by
the
researchers
from
whom
we
sought
help
and
advice.
But
we
carried
on
with
our
research
even
if
others
wouldn't
provide
us
with
answers.
We
didn't
dread
trying
to
work
them
out
ourselves.
We
discovered
which
species
could
grow
in
warmer
water,
and
we'd
identified
potential
markets
into
which
we
planned
to
sell
the
product.
We've
spent
the
last
two
years
setting
up
the
first
seaweed
farm
in
NC,
applying
for
a
patent
(专利)
and
competing
with
five
final
teams
in
front
of
the
United
Nations
for
one
million
dollars.
Despite
all
of
our
efforts,
many
industry
experts
remained
unwilling
to
take
us
seriously.
But
as
often
happens
in
business,
the
same
characteristics
we
were
ignored
for
were,
in
reality,
our
biggest
competitive
advantages.
Our
age
gave
us
the
strength
to
bounce
back
from
failure,
and
our
background
as
environmental
scientists,
rather
than
businesswomen,
helped
us
find
new
marketing
opportunities.
For
every
10
farmers
who
claimed
nobody
would
ever
want
to
feed
their
cows
seaweed,
we
found
one
who
was
interested.
For
every
15
cosmetics
producers
who
refused
to
answer
our
cold
calls,
we
stuck
to
the
one
with
an
interesting
idea
for
a
seaweed
lotion
(乳液)．
Over
the
course
of
our
early
business
development
efforts,
we
have
had
access
to
a
wealth
of
resources,
programs,
and
individuals
who
work
constantly
to
help
us
succeed.
By
staying
focused
on
bringing
our
ideas
to
light，our
team
has
demonstrated
that
entrepreneurship
is
exactly
the
right
place
for
the
hopeful.
5．What
was
the
major
cause
for
their
difficulties
in
starting
business?
A．They
were
women.
B．They
were
young.
C．They
lacked
experience.
D．They
suffered
prejudice.
6．What
did
they
do
to
make
their
business
successful
according
to
the
passage?
A．They
expanded
their
seaweed
farms.
B．They
experimented
on
seaweed
species.
C．They
got
their
product
officially
recognized.
D．They
consulted
the
United
Nations.
7．What
is
the
third
paragraph
mainly
about?
A．How
they
benefited
from
their
weaknesses.
B．How
they
got
others
interested
in
seaweed.
C．How
they
made
themselves
more
competitive.
D．How
they
approached
potential
customers.
Ⅱ.完形填空
This
is
so
easy,
inexpensive,
and
has
always
brought
either
of
two
__1__：a
look
of
shock
or
a
big
smile.
I
am
a
cane?walking
(拄着手杖走路的)
senior
citizen
with
mobility
__2__，
especially
in
cold
weather
but
I
have
a
sharp
eye
for
useful
bargains
and
since
I
still
drive,
I
can
do
this
without
having
to
get
in
and
out
of
the
car
to
help
people.
Here
is
how
it
“works”.
When
I
see
gloves,
warm
hats
and
scarves
on
sale
(new
or
in
good
condition
from
a
second?hand
store).
I
buy
them
very
__3__.
If
laundering
(洗涤)
is
needed,
I
do
it
to
__4__
tiny
stains
(污渍)
so
everything
looks
good.
I
have
a
large
basket
that
I
keep
in
the
passenger
side
of
my
car
and
I
“file”
these
things
in
it,
where
I
can
easily
reach
over
and
get
whatever
I
determine
is
most
__5__
for
someone
who
is
without
and
out
in
the
cold.
I
am
always
__6__
of
things
and
people
around
me
in
parking
lots
and
along
the
walkways
of
my
small
hometown.
But
when
I
see
someone
obviously
cold
and
without
what
will
help
them,
I
__7__
beside
them,
roll
down
my
__8__，
and
ask
if
they
will
__9__
and
wear
all
three
things
or
whatever
is
needed...and
then
as
they
stare
at
me
in
__10__，
I
always
add:
“I
have
things
right
here
in
my
__11__
to
share.
Please
me
by
__12__
them
to
stay
warm
when
you
are
outside.”
Not
yet
have
I
__13__
hostility
(敌意)
or
felt
in
any
danger,
but
since
so
many
of
the
items
are
“cheerful”
colors.
I
often
see
the
persons
I
gave
them
to
walking
down
the
street.
It
__14__
my
heart
to
know
that
my
items
are
being
used
and
__15__.
1．A.routines
B．reactions
C．outlines
D．suggestions
2．A.performances
B．amusement
C．addiction
D．problems
3．A.cheaply
B．casually
C．unwillingly
D．briefly
4．A.strengthen
B．increase
C．paint
D．remove
5．A.specific
B．useful
C．popular
D．usual
6．A.positive
B．short
C．careful
D．fond
7．A.put
down
B．settle
down
C．queue
up
D．pull
up
8．A.window
B．light
C．wheel
D．floor
9．A.improve
B．buy
C．borrow
D．accept
10．A.sadness
B．dishonesty
C．disbelief
D．anger
11．A.mind
B．bag
C．basket
D．reach
12．A.wearing
B．winning
C．ignoring
D．folding
13．A.accounted
for
B．met
with
C．escaped
from
D．kept
up
with
14．A.splits
B．sacrifices
C．forces
D．warms
15．A.examined
B．appreciated
C．blamed
D．guaranteed
详解答案
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述二战时期一个女孩的日记，日记记载了女孩生活的细节。为了不再重复同样类型的种族主义和仇恨所导致的暴力，这本日记在这个女孩的妹妹和外甥女的帮助下将会出版。
1．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的This
is
Renia's
Diary,
a
journal
that
was
hidden
for
years
in
a
safe
box.可知这本日记被Reuia秘密收藏起来了，故选D。
2．答案与解析：D　词义猜测题，根据文章第三段中Elizabeth说的话“It
was
too
painful
to
read
it.”Elizabeth
recalls.“I
just
put
it
in
the
basement
and
didn't
think
about
it.”(“这本日记读起来太痛苦了，”Elizabeth回忆道。“我就把它放在地下室里，没有回想它。”)，可以推断她在读她姐姐的日记时应该是很震惊的，由此推测stunned意为“震惊的”，与shocked同义，故选D。
3．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据文章第四段Alexandra,
Elizabeth's
daughter,
grew
up
knowing
about
the
locked
diary.
As
Alexandra
got
older,
she
was
more
interested
in
it.“If
I
could
read
this
diary,
maybe
I'll
explore
some
things
from
the
past，”she
thought.(Alexandra,
Elizabeth的女儿从小就知道这本锁着的日记。随着Alexandra年龄的增长，她对它越来越感兴趣。“如果我能读这本日记，也许我会探索过去的一些事情，”她想。)可知Alexandta出于自己的好奇心而对日记感兴趣，故选A。
4．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。根据文章第二段This
is
Renia's
Diary,
a
journal
that
was
hidden
for
years
in
a
safe
box.
Now
it's
coming
to
light
with
the
help
of
Renia's
sister
and
niece.可知Renia's
Diary
is
to
come
to
light符合主题思想，并且引出文章内容，适合作文章的标题，故选B。
B
【语篇解读】　女性在商业领域一直饱受偏见与质疑，但是作者与她的两位女性朋友开启商界的尝试。她们一开始就立下了雄心壮志：在北卡罗来纳州建立海藻农场，尽可能多地种植海藻来减少碳排放和来自农业的营养污染。她们历经坎坷，最终得到认可。创业为心怀希望的人而存在。
5．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中．..the
business
world
is
no
place
for
young
women
as
my
co?founders
and
I
have
been
told
on
many
occasions.
In
spite
of
this
pessimistic
view
of
women's
opportunity
in
business...可知，D项正确。prejudice意为“偏见”。
6．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中But
we
carried
on
with
our
research
even
if
others
wouldn't
provide
us
with
answers.
We
didn't
dread
trying
to
work
them
out
ourselves.
We
discovered
which
species
could
grow
in
warmer
water...可知，作者及其团队通过实验与研究使得海藻种植得以成功。B项正确。
7．答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。根据第三段中But
as
often
happens
in
business,
the
same
characteristics
we
were
ignored
for
were,
in
reality,
our
biggest
competitive
advantages.
Our
age...,
and
our
background...可知，在商界我们因为年轻和环境科学家背景的特点而被忽视，但是这些弱点恰恰是我们的竞争优势，所以A选项正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。作者是一个行动不便靠拐杖行走的老人。但这并没有影响作者去帮助别人。作者对有用的便宜货有着敏锐的眼光，会用很低的价格把它们买回来。作者开车时会留意道路上行走的人，如果有人看起来很冷且身上没有御寒物品，作者会问他们是否需要帮助，并把自己准备好的物品提供给他们。作者使路人很暖心，自己也感到很温暖，很高兴。
1．答案与解析：B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：这很简单，也不贵，而且总是会带来两种反应中的任何一种：震惊的表情或灿烂的笑容。routine
路线；reaction
反应；outline
外形，轮廓；suggestion
建议。由a
look
of
shock
of
a
big
smile可知，这是两种反应。故选B项。
2．答案与解析：D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个靠拐杖走路的老人，我行动不便，尤其是在寒冷的天气里。但我对有用的便宜货有着敏锐的眼光。因为我开车，所以我不用上下车就可以做这件事来帮助别人。performance
表演；amusement
娱乐；addiction
上瘾；problem
问题。由a
cane?walking(拄着手杖走路的)senior
citizen可知，作者行动不便。故选D项。
3．答案与解析：A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：……我会非常便宜地把它们买回来。cheaply
便宜地；casually
随意地；unwillingly
不愿意地；briefly
简洁地。由new
or
in
good
condition
from
a
second?hand
store可知，这东西或者是新的或者是在二手商店买的质量较好的东西。所以作者会以低廉的价格把它们买回来。故选A项。
4．答案与解析：D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果(衣物)需要洗的话，我会洗掉细小的污渍，这样每一件东西看起来都不错。strengthen
加强；increase
增加；paint
画；remove
清除。作者洗衣物的目的是除去污渍。故选D项。
5．答案与解析：B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一个大篮子，我把它放在车的乘客一侧，我把这些东西“归档”在里面，这样我就可以很容易地从里面伸手去拿我认为对身处寒冷户外的人最有用的且其手里没有的东西。specific
具体的；useful
有用的；popular
流行的；usual
平常的。由someone
who
is
without
and
out
in
the
cold可知，作者所准备的东西对那些身处户外的人最有用处。故选B项。
6．答案与解析：C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在停车场和我家乡的小镇的人行道上，我总是留意着周围的人和物。positive
积极的；short
短的；careful
小心的；fond
喜欢的。作者很留意周围的人和物以便向别人提供帮助。故选C项。
7．答案与解析：D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，当我看到有人明显很冷，没有什么可以帮助他们的时候，我就把车停在他们旁边，摇下车窗，问他们是否愿意接受并穿上这三样东西，或者他们需要的任何东西……当他们难以置信地盯着我看时，我总是补充说：“我的篮子里刚好有可以分享的东西……”。put
down
放下；settle
down
平静下来；queue
up
排队；pull
up
停车。作者停下车，才能帮助其他人。故选D项。
8．答案与解析：A　考查名词词义辨析。window
窗户；light
光；wheel
轮子；floor
地板。作者停下车，摇下车窗，才能问路人是否需要帮助。故选A项。
9．答案与解析：D　考查动词词义辨析。improve
提高；buy
买；borrow
借；accept
接受。由ask
if
they
will可知，作者在看到路人需要帮助时，首先要问问路人是否愿意接受他的帮助。故选D项。
10．答案与解析：C　考查名词词义辨析。sadness
悲伤；dishonesty
不诚实；disbelief
不相信；anger
生气。由stare
at
me可知，路人难以置信地盯着作者看，不相信自己会得到别人的帮助。故选C项。
11．答案与解析：C　考查名词词义辨析。mind
思维；bag
包；basket
篮子；reach
波及范围。由第三段开头I
have
a
large
basket可知，作者篮子里的东西是要与别人分享的东西。故选C项。
12．答案与解析：A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：你们在户外穿着我给的衣服感觉暖和，这让我高兴。wear
穿；win
赢得；ignore
忽略；fold
折叠。由to
stay
warm
when
you
are
outside可知，被帮助的人在户外穿着作者所提供的衣服使他们暖和了，这也让作者很高兴。故选A项。
13．答案与解析：B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我还没有遇到有敌意的状况，也没有感觉到有什么危险，但是由于很多东西都是“喜庆”的颜色，我经常看到我帮助的人们走在大街上。account
for
解释；meet
with
遇到；escape
from
从……逃跑；keep
up
with
跟上。故选B项。
14．答案与解析：D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：得知我的物品正被人使用和感激，我的心都暖和起来了。split
分裂；sacrifice
牺牲；force
强迫；warm
使暖和。由stay
warm可知，作者的举动温暖了别人，也温暖了自己的心。故选D项。
15．答案与解析：B　考查动词词义辨析。examine
检查；appreciate
感激；blame
责备；guarantee
保证。作者得知自己的物品正在被人使用和被感激，这温暖了作者的心，作者觉得自己做的事情很值得。故选B项。