2022届人教版（2019版）选择性必修二：全册核心词汇一词多义总结 学案

2022届一轮复习人教版（2019版）选择性必修二：全册核心词汇一词多义总结
1.
blame
vt.
把……归咎于;
责怪;
指责
n.
责备;
指责
We
should
communicate
more
and
understand
each
other
instead
of
blaming
each
other
in
such
a
competitive
society.
在竞争如此激烈的社会,
我们应该多交流、彼此理解,
而不是相互责备。
In
my
view,
Tom,
who
broke
the
school
rule,
was
to
blame.
在我看来，汤姆违反了校规，应该受到责备。
Lots
of
people
find
it
hard
to
get
up
in
the
morning,
and
put
the
blame
on
the
alarm
clock.
很多人早上起不来，都怪闹钟。
In
terms
of
this
severe
traffic
accident,
the
police
had
figured
out
the
cause
of
the
case
and
it
was
the
driver
of
the
lorry
that
should
take
the
blame
for
it.
关于这起严重的交通事故，警方已经查明了原因，应该承担责任的是卡车司机。
2.
suspect
vt.
&vi.
怀疑;
疑有;
不信任　n.
犯罪嫌疑人;
可疑对象
Snow
suspected
that
the
water
pump
was
to
blame.
(P2)斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。
Some
parents
hesitate
to
take
these
steps
because
they
suspect
that
their
child
is
exaggerating.
一些家长迟迟不肯采取这些措施,
因为他们怀疑自己的孩子在夸大其词。
3.
comfort
n.
安慰;
令人感到安慰的人或事物;
舒服;
安逸
vt.
安慰;
抚慰
When
I
miss
home,
I
feel
comforted
to
have
a
second
family.
(P14)
当我想念家的时候,
还有一个家,
我感到安慰。
Being
able
to
afford
a
drink
would
be
a
comfort
to
many
people
in
those
tough
times.
在那些艰难的日子里，能买得起一杯酒对许多人来说是一种安慰。
Modern
transportation
offers
us
quicker
and
more
comfortable
traveling
and
brings
people
to
closer
contact.
现代交通为我们提供了更快、更舒适的旅行，使人们更紧密地联系在一起。
But
his
mother
didn’t
give
up
and
consistently
comforted
him
with
loving,
encouraging
words.
但他的母亲并没有放弃，而是不断地用充满爱和鼓励的话语安慰他。
This
will
enable
the
audience
to
sit
in
comfort
while
watching
the
shows.
这将使观众坐在舒适的观看节目。
4.
exposure
n.
接触;
体验;
暴露;
揭露
Exposure
to
another
culture
and
its
people
can
give
exchange
students
great
insights
into
the
world.
(P17)接触另一种文化及其人民可以让交换生对世界有深刻的了解。
Being
exposed
to
strong
sunlight
will
do
harm
to
your
skin.
Take
care
not
to
keep
your
children
exposed
to
the
bad
books,
net
and
magazines.
Exposed
to
difficult
situations,
children
are
better
at
handling
challenging
situations.
5.
engage
vi.
参加;
参与(活动)
vt.
吸引(注意力、兴趣)
“Engaging
in
British
culture
has
helped,
”she
said.
(P15)
“融入英国文化很有帮助,
”她说。
Research
shows
that
teenagers
who
talk
about
their
day
with
family
members
at
the
dinner
table
are
less
likely
to
engage
in
high-risk
behaviour.
研究表明，青少年在餐桌上与家人谈论他们的一天，不太可能从事高风险行为。
The
child’s
attention
was
completely
engaged
by
the
new
toy.
那孩子的注意力完全被新玩具吸引住了。
6.
qualification
n.
(通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格;
学历
Congratulations
to
you
on
your
qualification
for
this
World
Cup
Football
Championships!
祝贺你获得此次参加世界杯足球锦标赛的资格!
I’m
writing
to
apply
to
join
it,
thinking
that
I’m
well
qualified
for
the
job.
我写信是想申请加入其中,
我认为我能很好地胜任这份工作。
He’s
been
informed
that
he
doesn’t
qualify
for
the
scholarship
because
of
his
academic
background.
他已被告知,
因为他的学术背景,
他没有领取奖学金的资格。
8.
presentation
n.
报告;
陈述;
出示;
拿出;
颁发;
上演
The
manner
of
presentation
is
highly
important.
介绍的方式很重要。
The
president
made
a
presentation
to
the
businesswoman
of
the
year.
总统为本年度的女企业家颁奖。
My
classmates
and
I
are
overjoyed
to
hear
that
you’ll
stay
in
our
school
for
one
week
this
summer
vacation,
during
which
time
you’ll
give
us
a
presentation
about
art
in
western
countries.
听说你今年暑假要在我们学校待一个星期,
在这期间你要给我们做一个关于西方国家艺术的报告,
我和我的同学都非常高兴。
9.
exceptional
adj.
杰出的;
卓越的;
特别的;
罕见的
At
the
age
of
five,
he
showed
exceptional
talent
as
a
musician.
他五岁的时候就表现出非凡的音乐才能。
This
deadline
will
be
extended
only
in
exceptional
circumstances.只有在特殊情况下，这一期限才会延长。
I
don’t
usually
lend
people
money,
but
in
your
case,
I’ll
make
an
exception我通常不借钱给别人，但对于你，我可以破例一次
She
was
possessed
of
exceptional
powers
of
concentration.
她有高超的专注能力。
10.
consume
vt.
消耗;
耗费;
吃;
喝;
饮
The
electricity
industry
consumes
large
amounts
of
fossil
fuels
every
year.
每年电力工业消耗大量的化石燃料。
He
was
consumed
with
guilt
and
tears
rolled
down
his
cheeks.
他深感内疚泪水从脸颊流下。
11.
association
n.
协会;
社团;
联系;
关联
They
have
maintained
a
close
association
with
a
college
in
America.
他们和美国的一所学院保持了密切的联系。
Health
is
frequently
thought
to
be
associated
with
a
balanced
diet
and
plenty
of
exercise.
人们常把健康和均衡的饮食和大量的锻炼联系起来。
The
book
was
published
in
association
with
English
Heritage.
这本书是与英国遗产协会联合出版的。
He
is
closely
associated
in
the
public
with
horror
movies.
公众把他和恐怖电影联系在一起。
12.
quantity
n.
数量
The
change
of
quantity
causes
the
change
of
quality.
量变引起质变。
Before
the
exam,
I
spent
a
large
quantity
of
time
preparing
for
it.
Otherwise,
I
wouldn’t
have
succeeded
in
passing
the
exam.
在考试前我花了大量的时间准备。否则我是不会通过考试的。
As
far
as
I’m
concerned,
it
is
quality
rather
than
quantity
that
really
counts.
就我个人而言,
重要的是质量而不是数量。
13.
arise
vi.
出现;
发生;
起床;
起身
The
next
morning,
the
two
girls
arose
early
to
take
the
train
to
Lake
Louise,
passing
through
the
Canadian
Rockies.
(P38)第二天早上,
两个女孩早早起床,
坐火车去路易斯湖,
穿过加拿大的落基山脉。
Mistakes
often
arise
from
carelessness.
As
a
result,
we
should
bear
in
mind
that
details
determine
whether
we
can
succeed
or
not.
失误往往是由粗心引起的。因此我们要牢记细节决定成败。
14.
astonish
vt.
使十分惊讶;
使吃惊
When
I
went
to
the
kitchen
to
get
my
breakfast,
I
was
astonished
at
what
I
saw.
当我去厨房吃早饭的时候,
我被眼前的一切惊呆了。
When
the
man
came
in,
knife
in
hand,
we
all
stood
there,
astonished.
这个人手里拿着刀进来了,
我们吃惊地站在那里。
To
our
great
astonishment,
he
wasn’t
astonished
at
the
astonishing
news
at
all.
令我们大为惊讶的是，他对这令人吃惊的消息一点也不感到惊讶。
15.
bound
adj.
准备前往(某地);
注定
They
spent
the
night,
and
then
took
a
coach
bound
north
through
the
Canadian
Rockies
to
Jasper.
(P38)
她们过了一夜,
然后乘坐长途汽车,
向北穿越加拿大的落基山脉,
来到贾斯珀。
With
your
diligence
and
concentration,
you
are
bound
to
succeed
in
entering
an
ideal
university.
以你的勤奋和专心,
你一定会成功地进入一所理想的大学。
Children
are
bound
to
meet
with
setbacks
as
they
grow
up,
so
their
parents
don’t
have
to
worry
about
it.
孩子们在成长的过程中必然会遇到挫折，所以他们的父母不必为此担心。
16.
pleasant
adj.
令人愉快的;
友好的
Your
letter
calls
up
those
pleasant
days
when
we
worked
together.
你的来信使我想起了我们在一起工作的愉快的日子。
unpleasant
adj.
令人不悦的
I
am
more
than
pleased
to
know
you
are
invited
to
a
dinner
party
by
your
Chinese
friend.
知道你被你的中国朋友邀请参加晚宴我非常高兴。
17.
take
sb.
‘s
breath
away
令人惊叹
【教材原句】
When
the
train
arrived
at
the
station,
they
took
a
taxi
to
Lake
Louise,
where
the
blue
water
literally
took
their
breath
away
with
its
exceptional
beauty.
(P38)
火车抵达车站后,
她们乘坐一辆出租车到路易斯湖,
那里湛蓝的湖水异常美丽,
令她们惊叹不已。
In
order
to
dance
well,
she
sometimes
practiced
dancing
until
she
was
too
tired
to
keep
practicing,
lying
on
the
ground
out
of
breath.
为了跳好舞,
她有时会一直练到筋疲力尽,
躺在地上上气不接下气。
18.
freeze
vi.
&vt.
结冰;
(使)冻住
Edmonton
is
freezing
cold
in
winter,
with
daily
temperatures
averaging
-10℃.
(P38)
埃德蒙顿在冬天冷得要命,
平均日气温为零下十摄氏度。
(1)原形freeze—过去式froze—过去分词frozen
(2)freezing
adj.
寒冷的
(3)frozen
adj.
冷冻的;
结冰的
Hearing
the
unexpected
news,
he
froze
and
couldn’t
move
an
inch.
听到这个意外的消息,
他呆住了一下也动不了。
19.
anticipate
vt.
预料;
预见;
期望
However,
they
did
not
anticipate
seeing
such
an
open
country,
and
were
truly
amazed.
(P39)然而她们没有预料到会看到这样一片开阔的国土,
真的很惊讶。
Having
anticipated
this
major
problem,
the
company
took
a
series
of
methods
to
make
sure
the
project
would
go
as
smoothly
as
possible.
He
bought
extra
food
in
the
anticipation
that
more
people
would
come
than
he
had
invited.
20.
contrary
adj.
相反的;
相对立的
n.
相反的事实(或事情)
We
shouldn’t
look
down
upon
the
disabled;
on
the
contrary,
we
should
help
them.
我们不应该歧视残疾人,
相反地,
我们应该帮助他们。
He
seems
to
be
giving
the
impression
that
he
didn’t
enjoy
himself
in
Paris.
On
the
contrary,
he
had
a
wonderful
time.
他看起来在巴黎玩得不开心。而事实恰恰相反,
他过得很愉快。
My
sister’s
taste
in
dresses
is
contrary
to
my
own.
在服装方面,
我妹妹的爱好和我完全不同。
21.
owe
sth.
to
sb.
欠(某人情);
把……归功于某人
【典型例句】
He
owed
his
achievement
to
hard
work
and
determination
to
succeed.
他把他的成就归功于辛勤的工作和必胜的决心。
It
is
owing
to
his
optimism
and
perseverance
that
he
was
admitted
into
Peking
University.
正是他的乐观和坚持使他被北京大学录取。
I
must
say
I
owe
all
the
achievements
to
the
encouragement
and
help
from
you.
我必须说我所有的成就源于你的鼓励和帮助。
22.
ease
vi.
&vt.
(使)宽慰;
减轻;
缓解
n.
容易;
舒适;
自在
Putting
butter
or
oil
on
burns
helps
because
it
may
reduce
swelling
and
ease
discomfort.
(P51)在烧伤处涂黄油或食用油会有帮助,
因为这有助于消肿和缓解不适。
He
appeared
embarrassed
and
ill
at
ease
with
the
sustained
applause
that
greeted
him.
向他致意的掌声一直不停歇,
他显得有些难为情,
不知如何是好。
23.
slip
vi.
滑倒;
滑落;
溜走
n.
滑倒;
小错误;
纸条
The
reason
for
my
visit
had
obviously
slipped
his
mind.
他显然已经忘掉了我的来意。
When
he
got
out
of
the
bathtub,
he
slipped
and
fell
on
the
floor.
他从浴缸里出来时滑倒在地上了。
I
know
he
didn’t
mean
to
say
that.
It
was
only
a
slip
of
the
tongue.
我知道他不是那个意思。
这只是一个口误。
We
must
not
let
our
youth
slip
idly
by.
我们不能让青春虚度。
24.
delay
n.
延误;
耽搁(的时间);
推迟
vi.
&vt.
推迟;
延期(做某事)
vt.
耽误;
耽搁
After
arriving,
the
ambulance
team
quickly
found
Mrs
Taylor
and
without
delay
gave
her
oxygen,
put
in
an
IV
needle,
and
checked
her
vital
signs.
(P53)
救援队到达之后,
很快就发现了泰勒女士,
然后立刻给她输氧、进行静脉注射并检查她的生命体征。
Problems,
if
any,
should
be
solved
without
delay.
有问题要及时解决。
25.
justify
vt.
证明……有道理;
为……辩护;
是……的正当理由
How
could
I
justify
sitting
there
and
do
nothing?
我怎么能有理由坐视不管呢?
Surrounded
by
people’s
misunderstanding;
he
was
at
a
loss
what
to
say
to
justify
himself.
面对周围人的误会,
他觉得真是百口莫辩。
He
firmly
believes
liberty
is
inseparable
from
social
justice.
他坚信自由与社会正义是不可分的。
I
was
just
about
to
try
to
communicate
with
him
in
a
gentle
voice
when
he
approached
closer.
我正要试着用温柔的声音和他交流,
这时他走得更近了。
26.
panic
vi.
&vt.
(使)惊慌
n.
惊慌;
恐慌
When
listening
to
instructions
in
English,
you
should
listen
carefully
and
don’t
panic.
(P55)
当你听用英语发出的指令时,
你应该仔细听,
不要慌张。
So,
absolute
panic
will
worsen
performance
even
if
you
are
panicked
both
while
studying
and
during
the
test.
所以,
绝对的恐慌会使表现更差,
即使你在学习和考试时都感到恐慌。