2022届新高考英语二轮复习：七选五阅读填空 （学案）

2022届新高考英语二轮复习：
七选五阅读填空归纳与练习
学案
“七选五”阅读填空主要考查考生对文章的内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。
PART
考查类型
1.
主旨概括
最常见的考查形式有两种：一种是段落小标题；另一种虽非小标题，但是置于句首，是段落的主题句。
【高考例题1】?
●?　37　?In
order
to
make
a
change,
you
need
to
decide
why
it’s
important.
Do
you
want
to
get
up
in
time
to
have
breakfast
with
your
family,
get
in
some
exercise,
or
just
be
better
prepared
for
your
day?
Once
you
are
clear
about
your
reasons,
tell
your
family
or
roommates
about
the
change
you
want
to
make.
【试题解析】
综合全文可知，这里的37题应该是一个小标题，也就是对该段的总结和概括。本段主要介绍了对睡眠计划作出调整的一些动机，由此可知B项(Find
the
right
motivation.)符合本段主旨。
【高考例题2】?
●?　39　?Studies
found
that
people
who
woke
up
early
for
exercise
slept
better
than
those
who
exercised
in
the
evening.
Exercise
energizes
you,
so
it
is
more
difficult
to
relax
and
have
a
peaceful
sleep
when
you
are
very
excited.
【试题解析】
综合全文可知，39题是本段的主题句。本段指出，研究发现早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡眠更好，故B项(Your
quality
of
sleep
improves.)符合本段主旨。
2.
过渡衔接
这类句子的考查是最为普遍的，它们通常起承上启下的作用，因为“七选五”阅读填空考查的重点是上下文之间的逻辑关系。
【高考例题】?
Lots
of
people
find
it
hard
to
get
up
in
the
morning
and
put
the
blame
on
the
alarm
clock.
In
fact,
the
key
to
easy
morning
wake-up
lies
in
resetting
your
body
clock.?　36　?Here’s
how
to
make
one.
【试题解析】
这里的正确答案C项(A
better
plan
for
sleep
can
help.)明显起承上启下的作用。
3.
补充说明
有时候，“七选五”阅读填空所提供的正确选项仅仅是对上文内容的补充说明。当该空出现在段落结尾时，尤其如此。
【高考例题】?
“I
can
tell
you
about
one
young
couple,”
says
Bridges.
“They’re
learning
to
do
traditional
dances.
They
arrive
at
the
class
in
low
spirits
and
they
leave
with
a
smile.?　39　”
【试题解析】
上句Bridges讲述了跳舞给一对夫妇带来的改变：他们来的时候情绪低落，走的时候心情喜悦。39题的正确答案F项(Dancing
seems
to
change
their
feeling
completely.)则是对此的进一步补充说明。
4.
转折关系
【高考例题】?
If
anyone
had
told
me
three
years
ago
that
I
would
be
spending
most
of
my
weekends
camping,
I
would
have
laughed
heartily.
Campers,
in
my
eyes,
were
people
who
enjoyed
insect
bites,
ill-cooked
meals,
and
uncomfortable
sleeping
bags.
They
had
nothing
in
common
with
me.?　36　?
【试题解析】
36题之前作者说明自己开始对野营毫无兴趣，下文作者告诉读者自己后来喜欢上了野营。36题的答案D项(I
was
to
learn
a
lot
about
camping
since
then,
however.)与上文存在转折关系。
5.
递进关系
【高考例题】?
So,
do
we
dance
in
order
to
make
ourselves
feel
better,
calmer,
healthier?
Andrea
Hillier
says,
“Dance,
like
the
pattern
of
a
beating
heart,
is
life.
Even
after
all
these
years,
I
want
to
get
better
and
better.?　40　?I
find
it
hard
to
stop!
Dancing
reminds
me
I’m
alive.”
【试题解析】
本题的答案为E项(I
keep
practicing
even
when
I’m
extremely
tired.)，说明Andrea
Hillier对舞蹈的热爱和执着，而下文显然是对这一含义的进一步强调和说明。
PART
解题策略
1.
先易后难
“七选五”阅读填空可以采取三步解题法：①快速通读，选出相对比较简单和明显的答案；②仔细阅读，解决剩余较难的选项；③快速浏览，审核全文。?
2.
逐个排除
在遵循先易后难原则的同时，就在不断排除干扰，降低解题难度。道理很简单，在做出第一个选择时，你面对的是七个选项的干扰，到后面则随着干扰项的减少，选择范围也越来越小。在解题过程中，可以将各干扰选项代入句中进行验证，结合具体语境和作者的情感态度，在分析对比的基础上做出最佳选择。
3.
逻辑推理?
“七选五”阅读填空作为一篇完整的文章，句与句之间必然存在各种逻辑关系，诸如因果关系、并列关系、转折关系、递进关系、让步关系等等。因此，要认真捕捉文章中各种表示逻辑关联的词语。如：
表示因果的because,
so,
therefore,
thus,
hence,
as
a
result,
consequently,
accordingly；表示转折的but,
however,
nevertheless,
instead,
on
the
other
hand,
on
the
contrary；表示让步的though,
although,
while,
despite,
in
spite
of,
even
though/if；表示并列的and,
not
only
…?but
also
…,
as
well,
similarly,
likewise；表示递进的besides,
what’s
more,
in
addition,
additionally,
moreover,
furthermore；表示条件的if,
as
long
as,
on
condition
that,
providing
that,
provided
that等等。?
4.
上下文原则
由于“七选五”阅读填空主要考查考生对文章的内容和结构以及上下文逻辑关系的理解和掌握，因此，密切关注上下文是解题的关键。
PART
习题检测
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reading
is
an
important
skill
that
everyone
needs.
Here
are
five
tips
that
can
help
you
double
your
reading
speed.
Don’t
pronounce
each
word.
This
is
probably
the
most
important
thing
to
do
to
read
faster
and
the
most
difficult
thing
to
overcome.
When
we
first
learned
to
read,
we
were
taught
to
pronounce
each
word
properly.?
?
?
1?
?
?
Therefore,
don’t
sound
out
each
word.?
?
?
?2?
?
?
Looking
at
each
word
and
sounding
it
out
is
a
long
way
to
get
through
a
sentence.
After
you
have
mastered
the
skill
of
looking
at
the
word
and
not
sounding
it
out,
then
try
doing
it
with
two
words,
three
words
and
then
a
group
of
words
at
a
time.?
Have
a
proper
eye
span
(视距).
Don’t
focus
on
each
word
or
phrase.?
?
?
3?
?
?
When
you
look
at
the
last
word
in
the
sentence,
move
your
eyes
rapidly
to
the
next
line,
and
look
and
move
along
the
sentence.
Do
not
regress
(回顾).
One
of
the
biggest
barriers
to
reading
fast
is
regressing.?
?
?
4?
?
?
As
your
reading
speed
increases,
the
tendency
to
regress
will
be
less
and
less.?
?
?
?5?
?
?
Everything
does
not
have
to
be
read
at
the
same
speed.
Some
things
that
are
more
technical
will
be
read
slower.
The
mind
will
pick
up
some
things
very
quickly
and
others
not
as
quickly
as
them.
Move
along
at
a
pace
that
is
comfortable.?
With
practice,
the
above
steps
will
help
you
become
a
faster
reader
with
better
comprehension,
and
you
will
enjoy
reading
more
books.
A.
Vary
the
speed.
B.
Read
several
words
at
a
time.
C.
Move
your
eyes
at
a
good
pace.
D.
Pronounce
each
word
as
quickly
as
you
can.?
E.
Read
the
whole
sentence
to
double
your
reading
speed.?
F.
It
is
natural
for
you
to
have
a
clear
understanding
of
what
is
being
read.
G.
It
takes
much
longer
to
pronounce
each
word
than
to
look
at
and
understand
the
meaning.
答案与解析
本文就如何提高阅读速度提出了几点建议。
1.
G。本选项与下句构成因果关系，用来说明为什么不要出声读每一个词语。
2.
B。本段主要说明每次要读几个单词以提高阅读速度。
3.
C。本选项与本段的主旨句——Have
a
proper
eye
span相对应，下一句也对本选项做出了进一步的解释说明。
4.
F。本选项用来解释说明人们在阅读过程中为什么会停下来回顾读过的内容。
5.
A。由本段中所提到的阅读速度快慢的变化可以概括出本段的主旨——要根据不同的阅读材料改变阅读速度。